CN115968733A - Rich-nutrient quality rice planting equipment and operation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of rice planting, and discloses a device and an operation method for planting rich-nutrient prime number rice, which specifically comprise the following steps: farmland construction → lime nitrogen plus biological pesticide composite material weeding and killing insects → soil testing formula fertilization → biological micro-fertilizer seed mixing treatment → mechanical hole sowing → timely irrigation, dry water → nutrient solution spraying → field management → timely harvest; wherein, farmland construction: in selecting a determined eutrophic prime number growing area. The planting equipment and the operation method of the rice with rich nutrient quality number combine small blocks into large blocks by a mechanical laser land leveler, deep ploughing and fine cropping are carried out by taking the extremely high flatness of less than or equal to 20mm as a reference surface, a plurality of cured livestock manure, plant straw organic fertilizers and lime nitrogen (calcium cyanamide) are applied to a five-in-one functional composite material which integrates insect killing, sterilization, weeding, calcium increasing and soil loosening, and a certain amount of pure 60-200 meshes of quartz sand is doped.

Description

Rich-nutrient quality rice planting equipment and operation method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of rice planting, in particular to a device for planting rich-nutrient prime number rice and an operation method.

Background

At present, the domestic rice planting and processing patent technology has more than 130, the methods are different, and the rice planting and processing technology also obtains a little score; after japanese oka Tian Maoji, welan is believing that a natural farming method, i.e., "four-crop-free" farming method without farming, fertilizer, weed, and pesticide is proposed, and it is desired to improve the high nutritional value and safety of crop quality, as well as labor productivity and land productivity, and to enhance land productivity as a basic element. Through natural regulation, soil is balanced and cultivated to form normal biological circulation or to recover the original life history. The core of germany organic agriculture is the establishment and restoration of the biodiversity and virtuous cycle of the agroecological system. The general principle is that through various agricultural measures, the environment condition beneficial to the growth of crops and the environment condition capable of inhibiting plant diseases and insect pests are created, and the nitrogen balance of soil is maintained. Creating the biological environment of probiotics, providing a minimum tillage method, protecting the soil structure, reducing tillage, mechanically using the soil surface and improving the soil structure. Various crops coexist in a symbiosis mode, so that the stability of the living environment enhancement system of probiotics such as field insects is enhanced. Reasonably rotating crop for stubble ploughing and intercropping. The environmental conditions for controlling the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests and the growth of pathogenic bacteria in soil have certain requirements on pH value (PH value) suitable for the growth of the pathogenic bacteria due to different types of the pathogenic bacteria, and the aim of preventing the plant diseases and the insect pests is achieved by adjusting acid-base balance. The plant infection technology is used for enhancing the stress resistance of crops, enhancing the plant resistance to enable the plants to be strong, and the self-strengthening protective medicine is used for treatment, so that the protection is more important than the prevention and the treatment, and therefore the invention provides the rich-nutrient quality rice planting equipment and the operation method.

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a device for planting rice with rich nutrition and high quality and an operation method, which solve the problems in the background technology.

(II) technical scheme

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a rich-nutrient quality rice planting device and an operation method thereof specifically comprise the following steps: constructing farmland → weeding and killing insects by lime nitrogen and biological pesticide composite material → fertilizing soil testing formula → mixing seed with biological micro-fertilizer → mechanical hole sowing → timely irrigating and dry water → spraying nutrient solution → managing in field → harvesting in time; wherein, farmland construction: in the selected and determined rich-nutrition prime number planting area, arranging a ditch, a road and a land block for planting prime number rice in the vertical direction at one side or between the east and west main trunk ditch, the ditch and the road; the single block is designed according to the width of 30-50 meters and the length of the block according to specific conditions, the same block is provided with a first grade, a water supply branch channel is arranged between the two grades, a branch channel and a drainage branch channel are arranged between the first grade and the second grade, and the ends of the two grades are respectively connected with the main channel, the main road and the main drainage channel from inside to outside to form a water supply and drainage system with smooth irrigation and drainage; changing original small land into large land according to a designed scheme, wherein each land is not less than 30 mu, leveling the land by adopting a commercially available laser land leveler, enabling the integral natural fall of each land to be less than or equal to 20mm, taking the integral natural fall as a reference surface, leveling the land, deep ploughing and fine-cultivating, applying various cured livestock manure and inorganic pesticide, and doping a certain amount of pure quartz sand to form a loose, porous, rich organic matter, probiotics, weed-free, disease-free and healthy soil bed layer.

Preferably, the herbicidal insecticidal: before sowing, in order to inhibit the germs and the buds of the weeds, 60-80 Kg/mu of commercial lime nitrogen and 0.1-0.3 Kg/mu of commercial biomass pesticide are uniformly mixed and spread on the ground surface, and then the mixture is subjected to rotary tillage in soil to kill the weeds within 7-10 days before sowing.

Preferably, the mechanical hill-drop: mechanically dibbling and seeding by a double-row wide-row method, wherein the distance between the double rows is 125mm, the points are distributed according to an isosceles triangle, the distance between the two points is 100mm, and the distance between the wide rows is 280mm; directly sowing in a flat ground, sowing 5-13 seeds in each hole by a hole sowing machine into a depth of 10-20mm below the soil surface, covering the seeds by a soil covering device, immediately irrigating after sowing, ensuring that the height of a water layer is 30mm, naturally drying, irrigating for 7-10 days for 30mm, naturally drying again after irrigating, and repeating the steps for 2-3 cycles according to the change of local climatic conditions and the difference of temperature.

Preferably, the timely irrigation and drought water: when the seedlings emerge 30mm, controlling the irrigation below 20mm of the ground, naturally drying for 7-10 days after irrigation, irrigating for 20mm again, naturally drying for 7-10 days, wherein the seedlings grow to be above 60mm, the irrigation quantity is increased to 30mm, naturally drying for 7-10 days, and tillering the rice, wherein 2-3 cycles are carried out during tillering; when the rice enters the booting stage, irrigating water of 100-150mm, and maintaining the constant water temperature for 15-20 days; and (4) the rice enters a jointing stage, and the rice field water is naturally dried for 5-7 days.

Preferably, the soil testing formula is applied with fertilizer: measuring the content of soil material components by using a commercially available soil measuring instrument, and scientifically and reasonably supplementing missing elements according to a measuring result automatically recorded by the soil measuring instrument; and determining the type and the quantity of the organic fertilizer and the fertilizer applied to the cured organic fertilizer and whether sand is doped for regulation according to the soil structure test result.

Preferably, the biological micro-fertilizer seed dressing treatment comprises the following steps: before sowing, seeds are exposed to the sun for sterilization, a small amount of water and fulvic acid are added after disinfection according to the proportion of adding 100g of water to 0.1-1.0%, the seeds are uniformly mixed and stacked, and then the seeds are sowed after being sealed by a film and heat preserved for 24 hours.

Preferably, the nutrient solution is sprayed: according to the physiological growth habit and the reproductive growth period of crops, different nutrient solutions are additionally sprayed in different growth periods of rice, and the nutrient solutions are respectively sprayed in different periods of seedling emergence period, tillering period, jointing period, booting period, heading period, flowering period and grouting maturation period.

(III) advantageous effects

Compared with the prior art, the invention provides the rich-nutrient prime number rice planting equipment and the operation method, and the rich-nutrient prime number rice planting equipment has the following beneficial effects:

the planting equipment and the operation method of the rice with rich nutrient and quality number combine small blocks into large blocks by a mechanical laser land leveler, deep ploughing and fine culture are carried out by taking the extremely high flatness which is less than or equal to 20mm as a reference surface, a plurality of cured livestock manure, plant straw organic fertilizers and lime nitrogen (calcium cyanamide) are applied to five-in-one functional composite materials which are integrated with insect killing, sterilization, calcium increasing and soil loosening, and a certain amount of pure 60-200 meshes of quartz sand is added to form a loose and porous upper soil bed layer which is rich in organic matters, probiotics, weed free, disease free and healthy; the shallow water thin layer method and the irrigation and dry water intercropping mode are adopted in irrigation, and the photothermal action and the photosynthesis are fully utilized, so that the soil, the water and the rice are always grown in a benign interactive balanced state. Besides, according to each stage of the growth period of the rice, the nutrient solution is sprayed on the leaf surfaces at proper time, so that a growth environment for absorbing nutrition underground, on the ground and on the ground is formed, the whole process is mechanized, the agricultural planting method is thoroughly changed, the labor efficiency is improved, and the labor force is liberated from the agricultural production.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic plane structure diagram of a nutrient-rich quality rice planting device and an operation method thereof;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a rice planting device with rich nutrients and high quality and an operation method thereof for rice dibbling line spacing structure.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-2, the present invention provides a technical solution: the method specifically comprises the following steps: farmland construction → lime nitrogen plus biological pesticide composite material weeding and killing insects → soil testing formula fertilization → biological micro-fertilizer seed mixing treatment → mechanical hole sowing → timely irrigation, dry water → nutrient solution spraying → field management → timely harvest; wherein, farmland construction: in the selected rich-nutrition prime number planting area, setting ditches, roads and plots for planting prime number rice on one side of the east-west main trunk ditch, ditch and road or in the vertical direction between the east-west main trunk ditch, ditch and road or between the east-west main trunk ditch, ditch and road; the single block land is designed according to the specific situation according to the width of 30-50 meters and the length, the same block land is provided with a first gear, a water supply branch channel is arranged between the two gears, a branch channel and a drainage branch channel are arranged between the first gear at intervals, and the end heads of the two gears are respectively connected with the main trunk channel, the main trunk channel and the trunk drainage channel from inside to outside to form a water supply and drainage system with smooth irrigation and drainage; changing the original small land into a large land according to a designed scheme, wherein each land is not less than 30 mu, leveling the land by adopting a commercially available laser land leveler, ensuring that the integral natural fall of each land is less than or equal to 20mm, taking the natural fall as a reference surface, performing land leveling and deep ploughing fine cropping, applying various cured livestock manure and inorganic pesticides, and doping a certain amount of pure quartz sand to form a loose, porous, rich organic matter, probiotic bacteria, weed-free, disease-free and healthy soil bed layer, weeding and pest killing: before sowing, in order to inhibit the germs and the buds of the weeds, 60-80 Kg/mu of commercially available lime nitrogen and 0.1-0.3 Kg/mu of commercially available biomass pesticide are uniformly mixed and sprinkled on the ground surface, and then rotary tillage is carried out in the soil for killing, and the killing is completed within 7-10 days before sowing

The mechanical hole sowing comprises the following steps: mechanically dibbling and seeding by a double-row wide-row method, wherein the distance between the double rows is 125mm, the points are distributed according to an isosceles triangle, the distance between the two points is 100mm, and the distance between the wide rows is 280mm; directly sowing seeds in a leveled land, adopting a hill planter to sow 5-13 seeds in each hole into a depth of 10-20mm below the soil surface, covering the seeds by a soil covering device, immediately irrigating after sowing, ensuring the height of a water layer to be 30mm, naturally drying, irrigating for 7-10 days for 30mm, naturally drying again, repeating the steps for 2-3 cycles according to the change of local climatic conditions and the difference of temperature, and irrigating and drought at proper time: when the seedlings come out of the soil by 30mm, controlling irrigation below 20mm on the ground, naturally drying for 7-10 days after irrigation, irrigating again by 20mm, naturally drying for 7-10 days until the seedlings grow to be more than 60mm, increasing the irrigation amount to 30mm, naturally drying for 7-10 days, tillering the rice, and performing 2-3 cycles during tillering; when the rice enters the booting stage, irrigating water of 100-150mm, and maintaining the constant water temperature for 15-20 days; when the rice enters the jointing stage, the rice field water is naturally dried for 5-7 days, and the soil testing formula is used for fertilizing: measuring the content of soil material components by using a commercially available soil measuring instrument, and scientifically and reasonably supplementing missing elements according to a measuring result automatically recorded by the soil measuring instrument; according to the soil structure test result, determining the type and the quantity of the applied cured organic fertilizer and whether sand is doped for regulation, and carrying out seed dressing treatment on the biological micro-fertilizer: before sowing, seeds are exposed to the sun for sterilization, a small amount of water and fulvic acid are added after disinfection according to the proportion that 100g of water is added into 0.1-1.0%, the seeds are evenly mixed and stacked, then the seeds are sowed after being sealed by a film and kept warm for 24 hours, and the nutrient solution is sprayed: according to the physiological growth habit and the reproductive growth period of crops, different nutrient solutions are additionally sprayed in different growth periods of rice, and the nutrient solutions are respectively sprayed in different periods of a seedling emergence period, a tillering period, an elongation period, a booting period, a heading period, a flowering period and a filling and maturing period.

In summary, the rice planting equipment and the operation method have the advantages that small blocks of land are combined into large blocks of land through the mechanized laser land leveling instrument, deep ploughing and fine culture are carried out by taking the extremely high flatness of less than or equal to 20mm as a reference surface, a plurality of cured livestock manure, plant straw organic fertilizer, lime nitrogen (calcium cyanamide) insecticidal, sterilization, weeding, calcium increasing and soil loosening are applied to the five-in-one functional composite material, and a certain amount of pure 60-200 meshes quartz sand is added to form a loose, porous, rich organic matter, probiotic, weed-free, disease-free and healthy upper soil bed layer; the shallow water thin layer method and the irrigation and dry water intercropping mode are adopted in irrigation, and the photothermal action and the photosynthesis are fully utilized, so that the soil, the water and the rice are always grown in a benign interactive balanced state. Besides, according to each stage of the growth period of the rice, the nutrient solution is sprayed on the leaf surfaces at proper time, so that a growth environment for absorbing nutrition underground, on the ground and on the ground is formed, the whole process is mechanized, the agricultural planting method is thoroughly changed, the labor efficiency is improved, and the labor force is liberated from the agricultural production.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a … …" does not exclude the presence of another identical element in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (7)

1. A rich-nutrient quality rice planting device and an operation method are characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps: farmland construction → lime nitrogen plus biological pesticide composite material weeding and killing insects → soil testing formula fertilization → biological micro-fertilizer seed mixing treatment → mechanical hole sowing → timely irrigation, dry water → nutrient solution spraying → field management → timely harvest; wherein, farmland construction: in the selected and determined rich-nutrition prime number planting area, arranging a ditch, a road and a land block for planting prime number rice in the vertical direction at one side or between the east and west main trunk ditch, the ditch and the road; the single block is designed according to the width of 30-50 meters and the length of the block according to specific conditions, the same block is provided with a first grade, a water supply branch channel is arranged between the two grades, a branch channel and a drainage branch channel are arranged between the first grade and the second grade, and the ends of the two grades are respectively connected with the main channel, the main road and the main drainage channel from inside to outside to form a water supply and drainage system with smooth irrigation and drainage; changing original small land into large land according to a designed scheme, wherein each land is not less than 30 mu, leveling the land by adopting a commercially available laser land leveler, enabling the integral natural fall of each land to be less than or equal to 20mm, taking the integral natural fall as a reference surface, leveling the land, deep ploughing and fine-cultivating, applying various cured livestock manure and inorganic pesticide, and doping a certain amount of pure quartz sand to form a loose, porous, rich organic matter, probiotics, weed-free, disease-free and healthy soil bed layer.

2. The nutrient-rich quality rice planting device and the operation method according to claim 1, wherein the nutrient-rich quality rice planting device is characterized in that: the weeding and pest killing: before sowing, in order to inhibit the germs and the buds of the weeds, 60-80 Kg/mu of commercial lime nitrogen and 0.1-0.3 Kg/mu of commercial biomass pesticide are uniformly mixed and spread on the ground surface, and then the mixture is subjected to rotary tillage in soil to kill the weeds within 7-10 days before sowing.

3. The nutrient-rich quality rice planting device and the operation method according to claim 1, wherein the nutrient-rich quality rice planting device is characterized in that: the mechanical hole sowing comprises the following steps: mechanically dibbling and sowing by a double-row wide-row method, wherein the distance between the double rows is 125mm, the points are distributed according to an isosceles triangle, the distance between the two points is 100mm, and the distance between the wide rows is 280mm; directly sowing in a flat ground, sowing 5-13 seeds in each hole by a hole sowing machine into a depth of 10-20mm below the soil surface, covering the seeds by a soil covering device, immediately irrigating after sowing, ensuring that the height of a water layer is 30mm, naturally drying, irrigating for 7-10 days for 30mm, naturally drying again after irrigating, and repeating the steps for 2-3 cycles according to the change of local climatic conditions and the difference of temperature.

4. The nutrient-rich quality rice planting device and the operation method according to claim 1, wherein the nutrient-rich quality rice planting device is characterized in that: the timely irrigation and dry water irrigation: when the seedlings come out of the soil by 30mm, controlling irrigation below 20mm on the ground, naturally drying for 7-10 days after irrigation, irrigating again by 20mm, naturally drying for 7-10 days until the seedlings grow to be more than 60mm, increasing the irrigation amount to 30mm, naturally drying for 7-10 days, tillering the rice, and performing 2-3 cycles during tillering; when the rice enters the booting stage, irrigating water of 100-150mm, and maintaining the constant water temperature for 15-20 days; and (4) the rice enters a jointing stage, and the rice field water is naturally dried for 5-7 days.

5. The nutrient-rich quality rice planting device and the operation method according to claim 1, wherein the nutrient-rich quality rice planting device is characterized in that: the soil testing formula is used for fertilization: measuring the content of soil material components by using a commercially available soil measuring instrument, and scientifically and reasonably supplementing missing elements according to the measuring and calculating result automatically recorded by the soil measuring instrument; and determining the type and the quantity of the cured organic fertilizer and whether sand is doped for regulation according to the soil structure test result.

6. The device for planting the rice with rich nutrient and prime number and the operation method thereof according to claim 1 are characterized in that: the biological micro-fertilizer seed dressing treatment comprises the following steps: before sowing, seeds are exposed to the sun for sterilization, a small amount of water and fulvic acid are added after disinfection according to the proportion of adding 100g of water to 0.1-1.0%, the seeds are uniformly mixed and stacked, and then the seeds are sowed after being sealed by a film and heat preserved for 24 hours.

7. The nutrient-rich quality rice planting device and the operation method according to claim 1, wherein the nutrient-rich quality rice planting device is characterized in that: and (3) spraying the nutrient solution: according to the physiological growth habit and the reproductive growth period of crops, different nutrient solutions are additionally sprayed in different growth periods of rice, and the nutrient solutions are respectively sprayed in different periods of seedling emergence period, tillering period, jointing period, booting period, heading period, flowering period and grouting maturation period.

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