CN115949262A

CN115949262A - Construction process and repair tool for antique buildings

Info

Publication number: CN115949262A
Application number: CN202310061376.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄京豫; 解建辉; 郭振亚; 于波
Original assignee: Beijing Fangxiuyi Construction Engineering Co ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Fangxiuyi Construction Engineering Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-01-18
Filing date: 2023-01-18
Publication date: 2023-04-11

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction process and a repair tool for an antique building, relates to the field of the antique building and aims to solve the problem that the repair effect of the existing process is poor. The construction process of the antique building comprises the steps of removing the shortenings and the cement paste blocks on the glazed tile surface through a chisel to expose a matrix of the glazed tile; cleaning the shortcake and the cement paste blocks on the glazed tile surface by a steel brush; cleaning the surface of the glazed tile by a brown brush and clear water; adopting one of cement paste, atomic ash and epoxy resin to fill and repair the glazed tile surface; cleaning and airing the glazed tiles; preparing a pigment, preparing a mixture of a curing agent and epoxy resin, mixing and stirring the pigment and the mixture uniformly to form a coating, and uniformly coating the coating on the surface of the glazed tile; and (4) detecting the frost resistance of the repaired glazed tile through a freeze-thaw test. The repair tool adopts the construction process provided by the scheme.

Description

Construction process and repair tool for antique building

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of antique building construction, in particular to a construction process and a repair tool of an antique building.

Background

The archaized building is a building which is specially used for simulating and replacing ancient buildings, traditional temples, traditional landscapes, historical buildings and ancient village groups and restoring historical landscape general. The antique building can be damaged to a certain extent after long-term wind and sun exposure, for example, the glazed tiles on the roof of the antique building are easy to have the phenomena of shortness, alkali stripping and cracking after long-term wind and sun exposure, so that a process and a tool for building the antique building are needed.

At present, the method commonly used for repairing the glazed tiles is to fill the damaged positions of the glazed tiles with cement mortar and then to strickle the cement mortar off.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a construction process and a repair tool for an antique building so as to improve the repair effect of glazed tiles.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a building process of an antique building, which comprises a glazed tile repairing process, wherein the glazed tile repairing process comprises the following steps:

s1: removing the shortcake and the cement paste blocks on the glazed tile surface by a chisel to expose the matrix of the glazed tile;

s2: cleaning the shortcake and the cement paste blocks on the glazed tile surface by a steel brush;

s3: cleaning the surface of the glazed tile by a brown brush and clear water;

s4: filling and repairing the glazed tile surface by using a repairing tool and adopting one of cement paste, atomic ash and epoxy resin;

s5: cleaning and airing the glazed tiles;

s6: preparing a pigment, preparing a mixture of a curing agent and epoxy resin, mixing and stirring the pigment and the mixture uniformly to form a coating, and uniformly coating the coating on the surface of the glazed tile by using a repair tool;

s7: and (4) detecting the freezing resistance of the repaired glazed tile through a freeze-thaw test.

Under the condition of adopting the technical scheme, before the glazed tile surface is repaired in the step S4, the shortbread and the cement paste blocks on the glazed tile surface are removed by adopting a chisel in the step S1, the first coarse cleaning of the glazed tile surface is realized, then the shortbread and the cement paste blocks on the glazed tile surface are cleaned by adopting a steel brush in the step S2, the second fine cleaning of the glazed tile surface is realized, finally, the glazed tile surface is cleaned by adopting a palm brush and clear water in the step S3, the third fine cleaning of the glazed tile surface is realized, through the three cleaning steps, the shortbread and the cement paste blocks on the glazed tile surface are fully removed, the condition that the repair material is filled on the unstable blocks of the glazed tile surface during repair to cause the easy falling of the repair material and influence the repair effect is avoided, the damaged positions of the repair material on the glazed tile surface are not easy to fall off before the repair of the glazed tile surface sequentially through the steps S1, the step S2 and the step S3, the unstable blocks on the glazed tile surface can be removed, the repair material can be more firmly filled in the damaged positions of the glazed tile surface, the repaired glazed tile surface is not easy to damage, and the secondary process can be improved.

Secondly, when the glazed tile surface is repaired by adopting cement paste, the material is simple to manufacture, convenient to repair and low in cost; when the atomic ash is used for repairing the glazed tile surface, the atomic ash has high strength and is quickly hardened, so that the repairing is simple and the repairing effect is good; when the epoxy resin is used for repairing the glazed tile surface, the epoxy resin has the advantages that long-time maintenance is not needed, the workability is good, the operation is easy, the hardening time is long, a plurality of glazed tiles can be repaired by one-time configuration, the glazed tile surface is colorless and clear, even if a flaw exists, the flaw can be repaired by the cover surface sealing and protecting pigment made of the same material, the stability and the reversibility are good, the historical information of cultural relics can be comprehensively stored, and the like, so that the repairing is simple, and the repairing effect is good.

Based on the method, after the glazed tile surface is repaired in the step S4, the glazed tile is cleaned and dried in the air in the step S5, the cleanliness of the glazed tile surface is improved, then the covering surface is sealed and protected in the step S6, the mixture of the curing agent and the epoxy resin is prepared in the covering surface sealing and protecting process, then the pigment and the mixture are mixed and stirred uniformly to form a coating, and the coating is uniformly coated on the glazed tile surface, so that the color repair of the damaged position of the glazed tile can be carried out, the whole glazed tile surface can be further refined and repaired through the epoxy resin, and the overall repair effect of the glazed tile surface is improved.

In some possible implementation manners, when the glazed tile surface is repaired by filling the epoxy resin, specifically:

s01: uniformly mixing a curing agent and epoxy resin according to the weight ratio of 1-2;

s02: adding tile powder of a glazed tile into a mixture of a curing agent and epoxy resin, and blending to form epoxy resin-tile powder mortar, wherein the weight ratio of the tile powder to the epoxy resin is less than or equal to 2.5;

s03: filling and coating the epoxy resin-tile powder mortar on the damaged position on the surface of the glazed tile;

s04: and repeating the step S03 every 10-15 minutes until the glazed tile is aired after being coated for 4-6 times. By the arrangement, the repair process of the epoxy resin is optimized, and the repair effect of the epoxy resin is improved.

In some possible implementation manners, when the glazed tile surface is repaired by filling with cement paste, the following steps are specifically performed:

selecting cement with high strength, low salt and low curing shrinkage, and mixing the cement to form cement paste;

filling cement paste on the damaged position on the surface of the glazed tile, and tamping to form a cement surface 2-4mm lower than the surface of the glazed tile;

and (4) placing the repaired glazed tile in a humid environment for curing for 7 days so as to solidify the cement paste. By the arrangement, the repair process of the cement paste is optimized, and the repair effect of the cement paste is improved.

In some possible implementation manners, when the glazed tile surface is repaired by filling with atomic ash, the method specifically includes:

mixing the atomic ash main agent with a curing agent according to a ratio of 100;

filling and coating the atomic ash mixture on the damaged position on the glazed tile surface within 2-10 minutes, tamping and scraping, and making the surface of the formed atomic ash mixture 2-4mm lower than the glazed tile surface;

waiting for 60 minutes, and performing grinding repair after the atomic ash mixture is dried and hardened. By the arrangement, the atomic ash repairing process is optimized, and the atomic ash repairing effect is improved.

In some possible realization methods, still include a mawu grey ground coat construction process who is used for roof beam, post, purlin, tatami and the threshold frame construction to archaize building, a mawu grey ground coat construction process includes in proper order:

chopping axe marks, namely chopping evenly-distributed axe marks with consistent depth on the surface of the wood component along the length direction of the wood component by adopting an axe;

tearing the seam, forming a seam with the width larger than 2-4mm on the surface of the wood component by adopting a shovel knife and a scratcher, processing the seam into a V-shaped structure, and removing impurities in the seam;

making a bamboo nail and a wood strip, and installing the bamboo nail and the wood strip into the gap;

branch oil slurry, adopting a brush to brush the oil slurry on the surface of the wood component;

capturing gap dust, namely scraping oil slurry around the gap into the gap through an iron plate;

ash removal, including ash smearing, board passing and ash picking;

the ramie production process comprises the steps of performing initial pulp, ramie sticking, dry smashing and rolling, hogwash production, water rolling and finishing in sequence;

grinding hemp, namely transversely grinding hemp threads on the wood member by adopting a grinding head;

pressing hemp ash, including applying ash, passing board and picking ash;

scraping the middle ash, scraping the middle ash on the stringer, and scraping the middle ash on the column head;

applying fine ash, including finding fine ash, closing edges, sliding fine ash, and filling and scraping fine ash;

grinding ash, namely grinding the surface of the wood member by using a grinding head;

the raw tung oil is dipped by a screw head or a brush and is rubbed or brushed on the surface of the wood member. So set up, through five grey ground layers of a hemp construction technology to carry out paint construction to pseudo-classic architecture's roof beam, post, purlin, tatami and threshold frame etc. and construct, improve pseudo-classic architecture's the effect of constructing.

In a second aspect, the invention also provides a repair tool for the antique building, which adopts the construction process of the antique building provided by any one of the above schemes, and comprises a base and a cover plate;

the base comprises a first bottom plate, a second bottom plate, a first end panel and a second end panel, the first bottom plate and the second bottom plate are arranged in parallel, the first end panel and the second end panel are arc-shaped plates matched with the surface of a glazed tile of an antique building, two ends of the first end panel are respectively fixed on the first bottom plate and the second bottom plate, two ends of the second end panel are respectively connected with the first bottom plate and the second bottom plate in a sliding manner, and the first end panel and the second end panel are respectively positioned on two sides of the first bottom plate along the length direction of the first bottom plate;

the cover plate is of an arch structure matched with the surface of the glazed tile, the cover plate, the first bottom plate, the second bottom plate, the first end panel and the second end panel enclose a space for accommodating the glazed tile, the cover plate and the first bottom plate are respectively located on the upper side and the lower side of the glazed tile, and the first end panel and the second end panel are respectively located on the front side and the rear side of the glazed tile.

Adopt under the condition of above-mentioned technical scheme, except having the repair effect of the improvement glazed tiles that the building technology of archaize building provided, can also pass through the apron, first bottom plate, the second bottom plate, the glazed tiles are placed to the accommodation space that first end panel and second terminal surface board enclose, both sides contact first end panel and second terminal surface board respectively around the glazed tiles, the internal surface of apron can contact the glazed tiles face in order to seal the opening of the last depressed part of glazed tiles face, prevent that the restoration liquid of depressed part from trickling away and influencing the repair effect, or form the top facing cavity between the internal surface of apron and the glazed tiles face, a liquid for holding the top facing, in order to prevent that the top facing liquid on the glazed tiles face from trickling away and influencing the repair effect, thereby can further improve the repair effect of glazed tiles.

In some possible implementation manners, the first end face plate further comprises a positioning plate fixedly connected with the T-shaped portion, a first threaded hole is formed in the positioning plate, and the first threaded fastener penetrates through the long groove to be fixedly connected with the first threaded hole so as to limit sliding of the second end face plate in the T-shaped groove. So set up, optimize the sliding construction between second end panel and first bottom plate and the second bottom plate for second end panel sliding positioning is more convenient.

In some possible implementation manners, the cover plate further comprises a second threaded fastener and a sealing piece, a second threaded hole in threaded fit with the second threaded fastener is formed in the cover plate, a plurality of through holes are formed in the first end face plate and the second end face plate in the vertical direction, when the cover plate is installed on the base, the second threaded fastener penetrates through the through holes and is in fastening connection with the second threaded piece, so that the cover plate and the base are fixed relatively, and the sealing piece is arranged in the through holes to seal the through holes. So set up for the apron is connected fixedly more convenient with first terminal surface board and second terminal surface board.

In some possible implementation manners, the glazed tile storage box further comprises a first side plate and a second side plate, the first side plate and the second side plate are respectively fixed on the first bottom plate and the second bottom plate, and a space for accommodating the glazed tile is defined by the cover plate, the first bottom plate, the second bottom plate, the first side plate, the second side plate, the first end panel and the second end panel. So set up, further restrict the liquid trickling on the glazed tiles face through first curb plate and second curb plate, further improve the repairing effect of glazed tiles face.

In some possible implementation manners, the support device further comprises a plurality of groups of support seats, each group of support seats comprises two support seats respectively connected with the first bottom plate and the second bottom plate, and the plurality of groups of support seats are uniformly arranged along the length direction of the first bottom plate;

the supporting seat comprises an inner rod, an outer rod and a support which are sequentially connected, one end of the inner rod is connected with the first bottom plate or the second bottom plate, an external thread is arranged on the inner rod, a positioning hole is formed in the outer rod, an internal thread matched with the external thread is arranged in the positioning hole, the inner rod stretches into the positioning hole and is in threaded connection with the outer rod, and when the inner rod rotates relative to the outer rod, the inner rod moves relative to the outer rod along the axial direction of the inner rod. So set up, support through a plurality of supporting seats, improve repair tool's stability.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a glazed tile repairing process according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the procedure of repairing glazed tile with epoxy resin according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a first schematic view of a glazed tile repair tool according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of FIG. 3 at A;

FIG. 5 is a second schematic view of the glazed tile repairing tool of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a third schematic view of the glazed tile repair tool of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged schematic view of FIG. 6 at B;

FIG. 8 is a side view of the glazed tile repair tool of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic view of a second end panel of the present invention.

Reference numerals:

1-base, 11-first bottom plate, 111-T-shaped groove, 112-elongated groove, 12-second bottom plate, 13-first end panel, 14-second end panel, 15-first side plate, 16-second side plate, 2-cover plate, 21-second threaded hole, 22-handle, 3-support seat, 31-inner rod, 32-outer rod, 33-support seat, 4-second threaded fastener, 5-sealing element, 6-through hole, 7-first threaded fastener, 8-T-shaped part, 9-positioning plate and 91-first threaded hole.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be connected through the use of two elements or the interaction of two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

Generally, the damage of the glazed tile is usually started from the damage of the glaze surface, the traditional glazed tile in China is mainly low-temperature lead glaze, a secondary firing process of high-temperature blank firing and low-temperature glaze firing is adopted, lead oxide is added into the glaze as a fluxing agent, the color development of other elements such as iron, copper, manganese, cobalt and the like is facilitated, and the positive and divalent copper elements in the glaze surface are the key of the green glazed tile. The common important reason for causing the color change and the damage of the glaze surface is acid rain erosion, under the action of acid rain, lead elements in the lead glaze can be dissolved out in an ion form, and after the lead ions are dissolved out, the original silicon dioxide network structure of the glaze surface is broken, so that the surface of the glaze surface is damaged. When the glazed tile is in a freezing environment, the surface of the glazed tile is not compact after the glaze layer of the glazed tile is damaged, and the anti-corrosion capability is obviously reduced, so that a plurality of cracks are generated, and the water absorption of the glazed tile is greatly increased. Particularly in rainy and snowy days, the temperature is high in the daytime, snow water is melted, and ice is frozen again at night, and as the volume of the same mass of ice is larger than that of water, strong damage stress can be generated in the freezing process, cracks of the cracks are deepened and repeated, so that the glazed tile piece is finally crisp, alkaline and cracked, and freeze-thaw damage occurs.

Referring to fig. 1, the invention provides a building process of an antique building, which comprises a glazed tile repairing process, wherein the glazed tile repairing process comprises the following steps:

step S1: removing the shortcake and the cement paste blocks on the glazed tile surface by a chisel to expose the matrix of the glazed tile;

step S2: cleaning the shortenings and the cement paste blocks on the glazed tile surface by a steel brush;

and step S3: washing the glazed tile surface by a palm brush and clear water;

and step S4: adopting one of cement paste, atomic ash and epoxy resin to fill and repair the glazed tile surface;

step S5: cleaning and airing the glazed tiles;

step S6: preparing a pigment, preparing a mixture of a curing agent and epoxy resin, mixing and stirring the pigment and the mixture uniformly to form a coating, and uniformly coating the coating on the surface of the glazed tile;

step S7: and (4) detecting the freezing resistance of the repaired glazed tile through a freeze-thaw test.

For example, before step S1 is executed, the damaged tile may be detached from the roof, and the detached tile may be repaired; or directly repair the tile on the roof without disassembly. The freeze-thaw test is a test commonly used for detecting the freezing resistance of the glazed tile, for example, the glazed tile is placed at a low temperature of-20 ℃ and then melted with clear water at a temperature of 15-25 ℃ and subjected to three freeze-thaw cycles to detect the strength of the glazed tile.

Under the condition of adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, before step S4 restores the glazed tiles face, adopt the chisel to reject weak base and the cement paste piece on the glazed tiles face through step S1 earlier, realize the first step coarse cleaning to the glazed tiles face, adopt the weak base and the cement paste piece on the steel brush clearance glazed tiles face through step S2 again, realize the fine clearance of second step to the glazed tiles face, adopt palm brush and clear water to wash the glazed tiles face through step S3 finally, realize the fine clearance of third step to the glazed tiles face, through three clearance step, fully get rid of weak base and cement paste piece on the glazed tiles face, repair material fills and leads to the repair material to drop easily on the unstable block of glazed tiles face when avoiding restoring, influence the restoration effect, so loop through step S1 before restoring the glazed tiles face, S2 and S3 clean the glazed tiles face, can get rid of the unstable block on the glazed tiles face, make the repair material can more firm packing in the damaged position on the glazed tiles face, be difficult to damage after restoring, thereby can improve the glazed tiles face and restore technology.

Secondly, when the glazed tile surface is repaired by adopting cement paste, the material is simple to manufacture, convenient to repair and low in cost; when the atomic ash is used for repairing the glazed tile surface, the atomic ash has high strength and is quickly hardened, so that the repairing is simple and the repairing effect is good; when the epoxy resin is adopted to repair the glazed tile surfaces, the epoxy resin has the advantages that long-time maintenance is not needed, the workability is good, the operation is easy, the hardening time is long, a plurality of glazed tiles can be repaired by one-time configuration, the glazed tile surfaces are colorless and clear, even if a flaw exists, the flaw can be repaired by the cover surface sealing and protecting pigment made of the same material, the stability and the reversibility are good, the historical information of cultural relics can be comprehensively stored, and the like, so that the repair is simple, and the repair effect is good.

Based on the method, after the glazed tile surface is repaired in the step S4, the glazed tile is cleaned and dried in the air in the step S5, the cleanness of the glazed tile surface is improved, then the cover surface is sealed and protected in the step S6, a mixture of a curing agent and epoxy resin is prepared in the cover surface sealing and protecting process, then the pigment and the mixture are mixed and stirred uniformly to form a coating, and the coating is uniformly coated on the glazed tile surface, so that the color repair of the damaged position of the glazed tile can be carried out, the whole glazed tile surface can be further refined and repaired through the epoxy resin, and the overall repair effect of the glazed tile surface is improved.

As shown in fig. 2, further, when the glazed tile surface is repaired by filling the epoxy resin, the method specifically includes the following steps:

step S01: uniformly mixing a curing agent and an epoxy resin according to the weight ratio of 1;

step S02: adding tile powder of the glazed tile into a mixture of a curing agent and epoxy resin, and blending to form epoxy resin-tile powder mortar, wherein the proportion of the tile powder to the epoxy resin is less than or equal to 2.5, illustratively, the tile powder can be smashed after being cleaned and aired for glazed tile fragments which are completely broken and cannot be used continuously, and the tile powder obtained after full grinding has good cohesiveness and repairing effect when the proportion of the tile powder to the epoxy resin is less than or equal to 2.5;

step S03: filling and coating the epoxy resin-tile powder mortar in the damaged position on the glazed tile surface, illustratively, after filling and coating the epoxy resin-tile powder mortar in the damaged position on the glazed tile surface, tamping the epoxy resin-tile powder mortar, and scraping the surface to be flat, wherein the surface of the epoxy resin-tile powder mortar is 2-4mm lower than the glazed tile surface, so as to reserve an area which is covered and protected in the step S6;

step S04: and repeating the step S03 every 10-15 minutes until the glazed tile is aired after being coated for 4-6 times.

By adopting the method, the repair process of the epoxy resin is optimized, and the repair effect of the epoxy resin is prevented from being influenced by the flowing of mortar through multiple coating, so that the repair effect of the epoxy resin can be improved; in addition, the method for repairing the glazed tiles by using the epoxy resin does not need long-time maintenance, has good workability, is easy to operate, has long hardening time, can repair a plurality of glazed tiles by one-time configuration, is colorless and clear, can repair even a slight flaw by using the cover surface sealing and protecting pigment made of the same material, has good stability and reversibility, can comprehensively store historical information of the cultural relics, and accords with the minimum intervention principle in cultural relic protection and the principle of not changing the original state of the cultural relics, so that the epoxy resin repair is preferred.

In some embodiments, when the glazed tile surface is repaired by filling with cement paste, the following steps are specifically performed:

step S421, selecting cement with high strength, low salt and low curing shrinkage, and mixing the cement to form cement paste;

step S422, filling cement paste on the damaged position of the glazed tile surface, tamping, and enabling the formed cement surface to be 2-4mm lower than the glazed tile surface, thereby reserving the area sealed and protected by the cover surface in the step S6;

and step S423, maintaining the repaired glazed tile in a wet environment for 7 days to cure the cement paste. By adopting the method, the repair process of the cement paste is optimized, and the repair effect of the cement paste is improved.

In some embodiments, when the atomic ash is used for filling and repairing the glazed tile surface, the following steps are specifically performed: step S431, mixing the atomic ash main agent and the curing agent in a ratio of 100;

filling and coating the atomic ash mixture on the damaged position on the surface of the glazed tile, tamping and scraping the atomic ash mixture within 2-10 minutes, and enabling the surface of the formed atomic ash mixture to be 2-4mm lower than the surface of the glazed tile, thereby reserving the area protected by the cover surface in the step S6;

and waiting for 60 minutes, and performing grinding repair after the putty mixture is dried and hardened. By adopting the method, the repair process of the atomic ash is optimized, and the repair effect of the atomic ash is improved.

In some possible implementation modes, the construction process of the Mawu grey ground layer for constructing beams, columns, purlins, tatami boards and sill frames of the antique buildings is further included, and the construction process of the Mawu grey ground layer sequentially comprises axe marking, tearing, bamboo nail descending, oil slurry supporting, seam ash catching, ash passing, hemp grinding, hemp ash pressing, medium ash, fine ash grinding and tung oil drilling.

Wherein, the axe chopping comprises chopping evenly distributed axes with consistent depth on the surface of the wood component along the length direction of the wood component by adopting an axe. Illustratively, when the axe is chopped, the included angle between an axe blade and a component is 45 degrees, the force is uniformly applied, the interval between the axe blades is 15mm, the interval between the axe blades of the component with a thick and hard wooden tendon is 25mm, the depth of the axe blades is 2-4 mm-3 mm, the axe blades are not missed, the line cutting port is needed after the axe blades are chopped, namely, the splayed basic line is cut, the ink lines are popped on the viewing surface and the depth of the sill frame, the ink lines on the two sides of the right side of the sill frame are cut by using a sharp small axe and a shovel knife, and the axe blades are cut from bottom to top and from left to right, the force is uniformly applied, and the cutting depth is consistent and not too deep. Cutting a section, flattening and straightening a section, wherein the line angle at the junction of the sill frame is square and square.

Tearing the seam includes adopting shovel sword and scratcher to form the gap that the width is greater than 2-4mm on wooden component surface, then processing the gap into V font structure to clear away the impurity in the gap, exemplarily, with sharp shovel sword and scratcher, with the natural seam of the width more than 2-4mm on wooden part surface, the hard stupefied of its both sides tears off, forms the V font, the seam mouth that tears should be 1.5 ~ 2 times of former gap width, it should not be less than 3mm ~ 5mm to tear the seam degree of depth, clear away old putty and activity stuff and seam mouth grime in the gap, big seam tears greatly, the slit tears for a short time, should not omit. The wood knots are cut off and 20-30 mm below the wood, and the height of the repaired wood knots is not higher than the surface of the wood. And (5) tearing the last to sew the last shift angle. The bamboo nail at the lower seam of the torn last is not higher than the wood surface.

The lower bamboo nail and the shoe tree seam comprise manufacturing bamboo nails and battens, the bamboo nails and the battens are installed in the seam, for example, when the upper bamboo nail and the lower bamboo nail of a large wood component at a crack with the width of more than 3mm are nailed, the bamboo nails are selected according to the width and the depth of the seam, the selected bamboo nails are inserted into the seam at an interval of 150mm to allow the deviation to be +/-20 mm, a small axe is used for simultaneously striking down from the bamboo nails at two ends of the seam to the middle bamboo nail, the number of the seam bamboo nails with the left length and the right length of one ruler is not less than 3, the parallel seam bamboo nails are dislocated to form a plum blossom shape, the bamboo nails are not missed, and the bamboo nails are not loosened; for a rectangular component with the section of less than 200mm multiplied by 100mm, firstly, the cramp is taken down and then the bamboo nail is taken down, the bamboo nail is taken down between the two cramps, the cramp is not required to be rigidly supported, the length of the bamboo nail is about 25mm, and the cramp is required to be horizontally dug and is not higher than the surface of a wooden piece. A No. 10-12 lead wire is used as a cramp, the length of the cramp is 20 mm-25 mm, and the width of the cramp is 3 times of the width of the gap.

The oil slurry is brushed on the surface of the wood member by using a brush, and exemplarily, firstly, old ash skin and dirt impurities which are cut and scratched are cleaned. Before the oil slurry process, pasting paper on the wall leg, sill wall, pillar door, clamping rod stone, drum stone, pillar top stone and other finished products adjacent to the ground layer construction surface, stirring and heating the paste of the paste paper by using common flour and clear water, beating the paste of the paste paper into a paste, slightly adding 5% of carboxymethyl cellulose solution at a point of cooling, properly thickening the paste, not using the paste and adhesive of chemical components, ensuring that the width of the paste paper is not less than 150mm, ensuring that the easily polluted masonry wall core is fully pasted with the paste paper, and brushing the paste with viscous loess on the adjacent parts of the terrains, steps, masonry ground to protect the adjacent parts. After the oil is activated, the protective measures are removed, then oil slurry is cleaned and distributed, and the impurities such as soil, dust and the like on the surface of the wood are cleaned by a whisk broom. The oil slurry is brushed from top to bottom and from left to right by a paste brush or a big brush once along the wood grain of the wooden piece, the gaps are brushed uniformly, and the surface is brushed uniformly without omission and skinning of a film; machine spraying should not be used instead of hand-made juice.

The joint ash catching comprises the steps that oil slurry around the gap is scraped into the gap through an iron plate; for example, after the oil slurry is dried, a whisk broom is used to sweep the dust floating on the surface of the wooden piece from top to bottom and from left to right, and the oil scraper plate is used for operation. The seam is caught first and then taken down from left to right in horizontal rows, one part is caught and then the other part is caught, and one step is caught and then the other step is caught. The seam dust is caught by the whole iron plate dust to be rolled into seed dust or bone ash, and is not caught into chicken feather dust and is not swept along according to the actual condition of the defects on the surface of the wood piece. Firstly, when a seam is caught, the iron plate is vertically held and transversely faces the wood seam to tuck putty into the seam, then the iron plate corners scrape the putty back and forth along the seam, the putty is tucked to catch full, then the iron plate is vertically placed to scrape the putty along the seam, and the putty is collected completely without catching head putty. Catching the vertical seam from bottom to top, lasting dry wood strips after the vertical seam is more than 10mm and is filled with putty, filling ash along the seam by using an iron plate, leveling to form whole iron plate ash, and collecting the wild ash and the flying wings; secondly, the seam ash capture is to wrap the purlin back, the beam column, the column head, the column root and the like of the wood piece with iron plates, to be flat, to be round, to be straight and to be regular, and the two sides of the column nest shoulder capture are to be regular; filling, pasting and aligning edges and corners of the wood pieces and seedling corners by using iron plates; the basic shape following should not go wrong; the surface defect of the wooden piece is basically flat, straight and round by an iron plate; the ash layer for catching ash by using an iron plate at the iron hoop of the wooden piece is not too thick once; catching one place, collecting the wild ash and the flying wings at any time, and then catching the other place; thirdly, when a gap between the timber beams on the rack is caught, the gap is caught firstly when the gap exists at the beam purlin joint edge, the gate joint edge is straightened and the gauge is found, and the gate joint edge is straightened and the gauge is found according to the size of the beam purlin rolling edge. If the defect of the edge is large, the defect can be captured firstly and then the edge is closed by a brake, or the edge is closed by the brake firstly and then the cold defect part is lined by an iron plate or a brake when the ash is lined, and the required specification is formed. The thickness of the gate blank of the gate closing edge is not less than 1mm, and the closing edge straightness is smooth and straight when the beam purlin has obvious defects of bending and deformation; finally, the grey line port is captured, the iron plate is used for capturing and wrapping the splayed basic line, the flat line, the plum line and other line ports according to the linear size, and the basic straightness is found. The gauge of the brake base wire is found out first, the putty of the brake wire is slightly excellent, the size of the splayed base wire port and the trowel port are found out accurately, the brake wire is straight and uniform in width, the square of the coil at the wire corner is required to be square and not to be in a line shape, and the wire outlet at the wire foot is required to be picked out and not to be high. The thickness of the ash layer above the linen or the pasted cloth should not be increased, and the ash should not grow in the opening of the threshold frame.

The ash removal comprises ash smearing, plate passing and ash picking; illustratively, the floating dust on the surface of the wooden piece is cleaned in advance before ash is introduced. When the ash is led in sequence, the ash is firstly put on the frame and then put off the frame, the walking frames are transversely arranged from top to bottom and from left to right, and one walking frame is led in and then the other walking frame is led in. Firstly, the ash is applied by applying a leather scraper to scrape ash, preferably 1 or 2 boards in the length of the ash board are smeared, the ash is firstly produced and then coated when the ash is scraped, the ash is firstly coated in the vertical direction and then coated in the horizontal direction, the ash is uniformly coated when the ash is coated in the horizontal direction and then coated in the horizontal direction, and the ash is not required to be uniform in thickness. The area of dust on the parts exposed to the sun is not too large when the wind is strong; secondly, when the plate passes through the plate, the plate opening of the plate is straightened and straightened, the plane wooden piece passes through the plate along the wood grain, when the width of the plane wooden piece is narrower than the length of the large iron plate, the iron plate is used for ash removal, and after the large wood ash removal for putting on the shelf is completed by the purlin, the cushion plate, the belt head, the column head and the corner beam are used for removing ash. When the board is passed, the ash board is held by hand, the ash is uniformly distributed up and down after passing through the upper purlin, the board is slightly staggered from left to right in the seedling, the board opening is scraped from the bottom to the top, and the seedling angle is flat. The ash is uniformly scraped from the upper part to the lower part of the holding frame, the column and the sill-passing plate are uniformly scraped from left to right, and the ash is scraped from right to left. The loose plate should be lined, straightened and rounded at the defect position of the wood piece in the passing plate. When the thickness of the ash layer on the flat, straight and round surface of a wood piece is met, the wood piece should survive by rolling seed ash. The joint of the cylindrical vertical plate opening is arranged on the female surface, and the defects of a horn opening and a bushing plate are avoided. The main step of board passing is to hold the gray board by hand, keep the gray board stable and strong all the time, fall the step, and change hands without stopping the board; finally, when picking up the ash, the person should cross the iron plate, and the joint between the plate opening and the wild ash should be scraped by floating method, the individual leakage plate with scratch should be filled with ash and scraped, the plate should not be scraped everywhere and scraped by the iron plate, and the wild ash and flying wings are picked up. The picked coarse ash should not be picked high.

The hemp comprises the beginning pulp, the sticky hemp, the dry smashing and rolling, the hogwash generation, the water rolling and the finishing; for example, a strand of linen suitable for the desired linen is prepared in advance before the linen is placed at the site of the linen. The ramie removing process includes the steps of firstly putting big trees on the ramie removing device, then putting the big trees on the ramie removing device, transversely arranging the walking frames from left to right from top to bottom, and enabling ramie to finish one walking frame and then another walking frame until the ramie is finished. The hemp process operation is not suitable for wearing gloves, and hands can be used for holding soap and drying the soap before the operation. The tail of the hemp pressing seed should be tied with a hole and a rope, and the wrist should be worn during operation.

When the ramie is to be ramie, opening pulp is firstly carried out, the opening pulp comprises that the head pulp is reversely thrown by a front pocket and is smoothly and evenly long, the head pulp is firstly pulled to be less open, a plurality of sections of the seedlings are selected to be pulp, the ramie surface is evenly soaked, the water pressure arrangement is convenient, and the head pulp is more open when the weather is dry and the wind is blown. The proportion of the materials for bonding the hemp is as follows: 1 piece of the blood is full of oil, and 1.2 blood materials are stirred uniformly.

And secondly, carrying out flax sticking, wherein the flax sticking comprises the steps of sticking flax at the position where the head pulp is cut, and transversely sticking flax filaments according to the wood grains of the wooden piece. The hemp thread should be perpendicular to joint seams of wood pieces in a crossed mode, the hemp thread should not be adhered along wood grains and seams, sections such as a truss head and a purlin head should be adhered with messy hemp, the adhered hemp should be used for pulling seedlings, pulling the joints, pulling splicing and pulling to connect the wood pieces, the hemp adhered with the hemp should be lapped on the joint ash which is not used for connecting hemp and is arranged on a young drawer edge, a sparrow edge, a lintel edge and a center arch, and the width of the joint ash should not be less than 20mm. The hemp thread of the wood piece with the hemp should be lapped and stuck on the coarse ash corresponding to the wood piece connected with the non-sticky hemp, the width should not be less than 50mm, and the quantity of the sticky hemp should be based on the rating. The transverse wooden piece is taken to throw the tail of the hemp from top to bottom, folded on time, thinned, thickened and stretched evenly, and hit for deficiency. The vertical wooden piece is held with the hemp and flapped to the left, and then the hemp tail is pressed, loosened, longitudinally folded, uniformly stretched at any time, and finally the deficiency is found.

And then carrying out dry-beating rolling, wherein the dry-beating rolling comprises the steps of firstly sticking a section of hemp and then beating the transverse wooden piece on the stuck hemp by a hemp presser. Firstly smashing transverse hemp threads along the seedlings from right to left, then smashing along the edges, then smashing the large surface, smashing the transverse hemp threads along the seedlings from bottom to top when a vertical wood piece is smashed, smashing the edges and the seedlings well, finally smashing the large surface along the hemp threads, and smashing in sequence until bottom pulp is extruded. The seedling corners are not smashed after the large surface is smashed, otherwise the defects of cramping and seedling collapse are easy to occur. When meeting the side opening, the wall body, the column root and the like, the hemp is held by hands and is smashed inwards, when being held by smash, the hemp is not needed to be smashed in the pit, and when being smashed and rolled, the hemp is needed to be selected when meeting the sundries such as hemp cape, hemp straw, hemp stalk, hemp pimple and the like. When wind blows, the person sticking the hemp is closely followed, the seedling is quickly smashed, the edges are smashed, and the middle is smashed, so that the hemp is prevented from being scraped away.

And pigwash is carried out, wherein the pigwash comprises that the raw cis-hemp is brushed on dry hemp which is not soaked in the hemp layer by using a paste brush or a large brush, the dry hemp is not leaked, and after the dry hemp which is soaked in the damp and stuffy dry hemp is combined with bottom pulp, the raw cis-hemp is finished by turning over and rolling in water. The hogwash should be compacted and flattened if the biomass is too large. The first pulp is not suitable for hogwash production, and should not be wrapped, and the first pulp is not suitable for being used instead of raw water.

And then carrying out water rolling, wherein the water rolling comprises the steps of rolling over the hemp to be deficient by using a hemp rolling seed tip or a hemp needle transversely to hemp filaments, using dry hemp and dry hemp bags to replenish the pulp at any time, uniformly stirring the hemp filaments, replenishing the pulp to the thin and exposed hemp seeds, then using a hemp rolling seed to press the deficient hemp to be large in surface along the hemp filaments after hand compaction from the seedling corners, squeezing out the residual pulp, rolling to be dense, and rolling to be smooth. The rolled hemp cape and hemp stalk are stretched out by a hemp needle, and dry hemp can be supplemented at the local hemp pocket layer and the elevation angle pit pulp position or residual pulp is dipped by the dry hemp and then rolled and extruded completely.

And finally, finishing, wherein the finishing comprises the steps of turning over and rolling with water, then re-rolling with a hemp roller, checking and finishing defects in a hemp layer in the re-rolling process, finishing and compacting the floating wing hemps at the seedling corners and lines, finishing and rolling the hemp knots and the hemp stalks, stretching the cramped and cramped hemps, falling the hemps and the hemp stalks, and then rolling the hemps and the hemp stalks tightly, and 20-30 mm away from the column top stones at the column roots. The hemp layer after hemp is compacted and leveled, the thickness of the hemp layer is 1 mm-2-4 mm and not less than 1mm, the redundant pulp after the hemp layer is finished is wiped off, and the brush head pulp is not coated on the surface of the hemp layer.

The step of grinding the ramie comprises the step of placing the ramie for two days to grind the ramie, wherein the layer of the ramie is not firm and cannot be ground, the layer of the ramie is ground when dried again, and the layer of the ramie is ground to generate the ramie velvet. The ramie grinding should be performed on the horizontal walking frames from left to right after going up and down. When the straight small surface of the grinding head is used for grinding the inch hemp transversely to the hemp thread, the pulp and the skin are ground to break spots and float velvet without omission. Long-milled ramie should not break spots and produce floating velvet. When long flax cloak or cramped flax is encountered, the flax cloak is cut off by a shovel blade and cannot be pulled by hands. When meeting empty drum and seedling collapse, the shovel knife is used for cutting off and breaking off to clean, pulp-supplementing and hemp-supplementing, and the hemp-grinding should not break the hemp thread. After the hemp is ground, the floating velvet and floating dust on the surface are cleaned up and down and from left to right. And after the air is blown and dried for 1 to 2 days, the next procedure is carried out.

The flax ash comprises applying ash, passing board and picking ash; illustratively, first, plastering comprises plastering with a plaster, preferably one or two plasters, on a plasterboard length, and plastering is divided into two parts, wherein the plastering is performed after the plastering is made. When the vertical smearing operation is performed, the transverse smearing operation is performed firstly and then the vertical smearing operation is performed. The transverse direction should be vertical and then transverse. The ash should be kneaded with the hemp velvet, and the ash should be uniformly coated and not be uneven in thickness. The area of the dust should not be too much when the wind is strong and the area is too much when the dust is smeared on the part exposed to the sun. Secondly, the plate passing comprises the front plate opening of the plate, the thickness is preferably 3mm, and the plate is straight and smooth. When the plate is passed through, the thickness of the seed ash should be scraped along with the hemp thread, and the positions of the transverse plate openings of the purlin and the column and the plate opening for ash passing should not be staggered and overlapped. The ash is evenly and stably scraped from top to bottom through purlins, pads and purlins, the purlins are combined to be wrapped and straightened, then the purlins are scraped to a purlin seedling stop plate through a backing plate, purlin seedlings are cut and straightened at left and right slightly staggered plate openings, the purlins are scraped to be leveled up to the first plate, the combined edges are wrapped and straightened, then the purlin seedling stop plate is scraped to a purlin seedling stop plate through the backing plate, purlin seedlings are cut and straightened at the left and right slightly staggered plate openings, and the purlins are scraped to be leveled up to the first plate. The ash is uniformly distributed by the column passing plate and the frame holding plate from left to right, then the ash is scraped to the right column seedling stopping plate from the right wrapping frame cutting opening, the straight column seedlings are cut by the upper and lower slightly staggered plate openings, then the ash is wrapped to the left column seedling stopping plate, the straight column seedlings are cut by the upper and lower slightly staggered plate openings, and the ash is scraped to the left frame opening and is cut into lives. The joints of the vertical plate openings of the cylinders are placed on the female surface, the plates are flat, straight and round, and the defects of bell mouths and bushing plates are avoided. The key point of passing the board is to stabilize the hand and reverse the step. Finally, the ash picking comprises transversely guiding an iron plate, scraping the joints between the plate openings and the wild ash by a floating method, filling the ash into scratches and a leakage plate, scraping the scratches and the leakage plate, scraping the plates everywhere where the plates are not suitable to be scraped by the iron plate, and picking up the wild ash and the flying wings. The ash picking is in accordance with the requirement of low coarse picking.

The middle ash is applied, namely, the middle round wood piece is scraped with the stringer middle ash from top to bottom and from left to right, the ash layer at the joint is not repeated after the stringer middle ash is scraped, and the stringer middle ash is removed and recovered; scraping ash in the column head after harvesting, wherein the bark willow is not needed, the ash is not needed to grow, the thickness of an ash layer is based on the particle size of the fish roe ash, and collecting wild ash and flying wings; the plane wooden piece should be scraped straight with iron plate, and one bone should be removed and scraped flat, and the wild ash and flying wings should be picked up. The seedling corners and the edge corners are clean and tidy, and the middle ash can be scraped through a middle ash gate or a hard skin at the edge closing position according to the defects.

Applying the fine ash comprises finding the fine ash, closing edges, sliding the fine ash and filling and scraping the fine ash in sequence; illustratively, the step of finding the fine ash comprises the steps of using an iron plate to find the fine ash, wrapping and pasting a purlin back, wrapping and pasting a purlin head and pasting purlin seedlings from top to bottom and from left to right, wrapping a fine column head edge, a column nest, wrapping a fine column square column, a beam, a front column square column shoulder, pasting a fine angle beam edge, a pressing bucket square column, a sitting bucket square column and the like, separating one thin side from another thin side of a rectangular small wood piece, and finding the fine ash with the thickness of 1 mm-2 mm without cracks on turtles. When the upper and lower large timber can not be finished synchronously, a small square purlin or a lower square purlin lower skin is wrapped with an iron plate. Secondly, the gate closing edge comprises the steps of plastering the edge with leather, tightly plastering and compacting, fully and uniformly coating ash, uniformly plastering with a gate, stabilizing the wrist gate closing edge, and rolling at one stroke. The iron plate is used for picking out the residual ash on two sides. The gate closing edge is straight and regular along with the size of the wooden part rolling edge, the thickness of thin ash is 1-2 mm. The fine ash removal comprises the step of removing fine ash on purlin by using fine ash peels, and the fine ash is divided into two peels, three peels and the like according to the size of a bay. When one joint is left by the fine ash on the upper stringer of the bay, two leather shoes are alive. When the fine ash is distilled, the fine ash on the left side is firstly distilled, the fine ash on the right side is then distilled, and a joint is placed in the middle. When two joints are reserved for fine ash flowing on the upper stringer with the bay of more than 4m, an operation method of fine ash running at two ends is adopted for three leathers, the fine ash in the middle is firstly flowed, and then the fine ash at two ends is reserved; firstly, the fine ash in the middle is melted and then the fine ash at two ends is melted, when the fine ash is melted on the purlin and the column head, the fine ash is tightly smeared and compacted once from the left hand, the ash is not required to be pulled and responded, the ash is uniformly covered to ensure that the fine ash is moistened and taken away, the thickness of the fine ash is 1-2 mm, and the honeycomb pitted surface, the sand holes, the sweeping channel and the cracks of the tortoise are not required. The defects such as hollowing, delamination, cracks and the like should not be caused. The filling and scraping of the fine ash comprises that when the plane wood piece is larger than the iron plate, the fine ash of the ash plate is used, the plastering is continued from top to bottom and from left to right by using leather, the plastering is tight and solid, the ash is uniformly coated, and the ash is not dragged and does not sound. When the square purlin is used for passing through or lower purlin, the left slope and the right slope vertically poke the board openings from right to left after the ash is moistened uniformly, force is uniformly applied to one board for scraping, and the board passing should not stop due to loosening. The dust-collecting iron plate is used for floating light-closed plate mouth joint, and has the functions of sweeping, sand hole dust-collecting light-closed, high-collecting, non-low-collecting and cleaning the wild dust and flying wing at the edge-closing position and column seedling position. When the plane wooden piece is smaller than the large iron plate, the iron plate is used for scraping the fine ash tightly from right to left by inserting a hand from left, then after the fine ash is uniformly filled and covered for moistening, the fine ash is scraped from left to right to be smooth, the wild ash and the flying wings are picked up completely, the fine ash is firmly combined with the middle ash, and the fine ash is uniform in thickness.

Grinding the ash comprises grinding the surface of the wood member by a grinding head; illustratively, the ground ash should be cross-lined from bottom to top, left to right. And the grinding is performed lightly and then through, and the through grinding is performed transversely or vertically and transversely after the pulp skin is hardened until the spots are broken. The large plane can be obliquely penetrated and circularly ground once. Then, the straight wood piece is straight and flat, and after the round wood piece is worn with the grinding fault spots on the surface, the round wood piece is ground to be round, flat and straight. The connector is penetrated and leveled, seedling corners are penetrated and ground to be straight and smooth, edges and corners are penetrated and ground to be tidy and square, and the widths of the five-point penetrating and grinding are consistent.

The raw tung oil is applied by rubbing or brushing on the surface of the wood member by dipping the raw tung oil with a screw head or a brush. For example, the raw tung oil should be dipped in raw tung oil by a screw head or a brush and then rubbed or brushed, the ground fine ash should not be dried, and the ground section should be drilled. And (4) drilling to the depth, the penetration and the foot till the oil does not seep continuously at one time. When drilling, the powder surface of other parts falling from the ground ash is cleaned by hand, raw tung oil is rubbed uniformly from bottom to top and from left to right, and the fine ash layer is drilled continuously. After reaching one color, the floating oil can be wiped off, and the phenomenon of nail hanging is avoided. The surface of the raw tung oil should have consistent color. The joint and line mouth of the un-dried part and un-ground part of the fine ash should be flashed by 10mm to 20mm. After indoor drilling, ventilation is good, and defects such as omission, cracks and the like are avoided. The raw tung oil should not be mixed with diluent and other materials, and should not be operated by spraying method. By adopting the method, the beams, the columns, the purlins, the tatami, the sill frame and the like of the archaized building are painted and constructed through the technology for constructing the one-five gray ground layer, so that the construction effect of the archaized building can be improved.

Generally, in the process of repairing a glazed tile surface, one of cement paste, atomic ash and epoxy resin is adopted to fill and repair the glazed tile surface, a pigment is prepared, a mixture of a curing agent and the epoxy resin is prepared, the pigment and the mixture are mixed and stirred uniformly to form a coating, and the coating is uniformly coated on the glazed tile surface, wherein the mixture of the cement paste, the atomic ash, the epoxy resin, the curing agent and the epoxy resin has fluidity, and when the mixture is coated on the glazed tile surface, a flow problem can occur, so that the repair effect is poor.

In a second aspect, in order to solve the above problems, as shown in fig. 3 to 9, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a repair tool for an antique building, which adopts the process for constructing the antique building provided by the above embodiments, and includes a base 1 and a cover plate 2;

the base 1 comprises a first bottom plate 11, a second bottom plate 12, a first end panel 13 and a second end panel 14, the first bottom plate 11 and the second bottom plate 12 are arranged in parallel, the first end panel 13 and the second end panel 14 are both arc-shaped plates used for being matched with the surface of a glazed tile of an antique building, two ends of the first end panel 13 are respectively fixed on the first bottom plate 11 and the second bottom plate 12, two ends of the second end panel 14 are respectively connected with the first bottom plate 11 and the second bottom plate 12 in a sliding mode, and the first end panel 13 and the second end panel 14 are respectively located on two sides of the first bottom plate 11 along the length direction of the first bottom plate 11;

the apron 2 is for the domes with glazed tiles surface matching, and the space that becomes to be used for holding glazed tiles is enclosed to apron 2, first bottom plate 11, second bottom plate 12, first end panel 13 and second end panel 14, and apron 2 and first bottom plate 11 are located glazed tiles's upper and lower both sides respectively, and first end panel 13 and second end panel 14 are located glazed tiles's front and back both sides respectively. Illustratively, the cover plate 2 is provided with a handle 22 for facilitating hand-held installation by a worker.

Adopt under the condition of above-mentioned technical scheme, through apron 2, first bottom plate 11, second bottom plate 12, glazed tiles are placed to the accommodation space that first end panel 13 and second end panel 14 enclose, both sides contact first end panel 13 and second end panel 14 respectively around the glazed tiles, the internal surface of apron 2 can contact the glazed tiles face with the opening of closed glazed tiles face upper shed department, prevent that the restoration liquid of depressed place from trickling away and influencing the restoration effect, or form the top facing cavity between the internal surface of apron 2 and the glazed tiles face, a liquid for holding the top facing, in order to prevent that the top facing liquid on the glazed tiles face from trickling away and influencing the restoration effect, thereby can further improve the restoration effect of glazed tiles.

As shown in fig. 3 to 9, further, the repair tool further includes a first threaded fastener 7, a T-shaped groove 111 and an elongated groove 112 are disposed on each of the first bottom plate 11 and the second bottom plate 12, the second end plate 14 includes a T-shaped portion 8 in sliding fit with the T-shaped groove 111, the elongated groove 112 extends along a sliding direction of the second end plate 14, the second end plate 14 further includes a positioning plate 9 fixedly connected with the T-shaped portion 8, a first threaded hole 91 is disposed on the positioning plate 9, and the first threaded fastener 7 penetrates through the elongated groove 112 to be tightly connected with the first threaded hole 91, so as to limit the sliding of the second end plate 14 in the T-shaped groove 111. Illustratively, the T-shaped slot 111 comprises a transverse portion and a vertical portion, the transverse portion is located below the vertical portion, and the width of the long slot 112 is smaller than the width of the vertical portion of the T-shaped slot 111, so that the first threaded fastener 7 can pass through the long slot 112 to be fastened with the first threaded hole 91 on the positioning plate 9, and the problem that the first threaded fastener 7 cannot be fastened due to the large width of the vertical portion of the T-shaped slot 111 is avoided; illustratively, the first threaded fastener 7 is a bolt. By adopting the structure, the sliding structure between the second end face plate 14 and the first bottom plate 11 and the second bottom plate 12 is optimized, so that the sliding positioning of the second end face plate 14 is more convenient, the second end face plate 14 can slide relative to the first bottom plate 11 and the second bottom plate 12, the distance between the first end face plate 13 and the second end face plate 14 is adjusted, the tile is adaptive to tiles with different model sizes and different damage degrees, and the tile is convenient to repair by utilizing a repairing tool.

As shown in fig. 3, 5 and 6, the repairing tool further includes a second threaded fastener 4 and a sealing member 5, a second threaded hole 21 that is in threaded fit with the second threaded fastener 4 is provided on the cover plate 2, a plurality of through holes 6 are provided on the first end plate 13 and the second end plate 14 along the vertical direction, when the cover plate 2 is mounted on the base 1, the second threaded fastener 4 passes through the through hole 6 and is fastened to the second threaded member, so that the cover plate 2 and the base 1 are relatively fixed, and the sealing member 5 is provided in the through hole 6 to close the through hole 6. Exemplarily, perforation 6 is provided with 3, and 3 perforation 6 evenly set up along vertical direction, and apron 2 can be through carrying out fastening connection with different perforation 6 and adjust the position of apron 2 to interval between adjustment apron 2 and the base 1, with the tile spare of adaptation in the tile spare of different thickness and different damaged degree, be convenient for utilize repair tool to restore the tile spare.

As shown in fig. 3 to 9, further, the repairing tool further includes a first side plate 15 and a second side plate 16, the first side plate 15 and the second side plate 16 are respectively fixed on the first bottom plate 11 and the second bottom plate 12, and the cover plate 2, the first bottom plate 11, the second bottom plate 12, the first side plate 15, the second side plate 16, the first end panel 13 and the second end panel 14 enclose a space for accommodating the glazed tiles. Exemplarily, the first side plate 15 and the second side plate 16 are located at the left and right sides of the base 1, and during the repair, the base 1 and the cover plate 2 are located at the upper and lower sides of the glazed tile member, the first side plate 15 and the second side plate 16 are located at the left and right sides of the glazed tile member, and the first end panel 13 and the second end panel 14 are located at the front and rear sides of the glazed tile member, so as to form a space for accommodating the glazed tile. By adopting the structure, the first side plate 15 and the second side plate 16 further limit the liquid on the glazed tile surface to flow, and the repairing effect of the glazed tile surface is further improved.

As shown in fig. 3 to 9, further, the repairing tool further includes a plurality of groups of supporting seats 3, each group of supporting seats 3 includes two supporting seats 3 respectively connected to the first bottom plate 11 and the second bottom plate 12, the plurality of groups of supporting seats 3 are uniformly arranged along the length direction of the first bottom plate 11, each supporting seat 3 includes an inner rod 31, an outer rod 32 and a support 33, the inner rod 31 is connected to one end of the first bottom plate 11 or the second bottom plate 12, an external thread is arranged on the inner rod 31, a positioning hole is arranged on the outer rod 32, an internal thread in threaded fit with the external thread is arranged in the positioning hole, the inner rod 31 extends into the positioning hole and is in threaded connection with the outer rod 32, and when the inner rod 31 rotates relative to the outer rod 32, the inner rod 31 moves relative to the outer rod 32 along the axial direction thereof. Exemplarily, when repairing the instrument and being used for directly repairing the tile spare on the roofing, because the roof is the slope setting, the instrument also is the slope state setting during the restoration, for the matching tile spare that makes apron 2 and base 1 can be better, adjusts first bottom plate 11 gradient through the mode of multiunit supporting seat 3 adjustment its self height to be convenient for adapt to the tile spare in different gradients and different damaged degree. Exemplarily, the supporting seat 3 is provided with three groups, and each group of supporting seat 3 includes two supporting seats 3. With this structure, the stability of the repairing tool can be improved by supporting the plurality of supporting seats 3.

In the foregoing description of embodiments, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and shall cover the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. The antique building construction process is characterized by comprising a glazed tile repair process, wherein the glazed tile repair process comprises the following steps:

s1: removing the shortenings and the cement paste blocks on the glazed tile surface by a chisel to expose the matrix of the glazed tile;

s2: cleaning the shortenings and the cement paste blocks on the glazed tile surface by a steel brush;

s3: cleaning the glazed tile surface by a palm brush and clear water;

s4: filling and repairing the glazed tile surface by using one of cement paste, atomic ash and epoxy resin by using a repairing tool;

s5: cleaning and airing the glazed tiles;

2. The antique building construction process according to claim 1, wherein when the glazed tile surface is repaired by filling with epoxy resin, the process comprises the following steps:

s01: uniformly mixing a curing agent and epoxy resin according to the weight ratio of 1;

s03: filling and coating epoxy resin-tile powder mortar on the damaged position on the glazed tile surface;

s04: and repeating the step S03 every 10-15 minutes until the glazed tile is aired after being coated for 4-6 times.

3. The antique building construction process according to claim 1, wherein when the glazed tile surface is repaired by filling with cement paste, the process comprises the following steps:

filling and coating the cement paste on the damaged position on the glazed tile surface, and tamping to ensure that the formed cement surface is 2-4mm lower than the glazed tile surface;

and (4) placing the repaired glazed tile in a humid environment for curing for 7 days so as to solidify the cement paste.

4. The antique building construction process according to claim 1, wherein when the glazed tile surface is repaired by atomic ash filling, the process comprises the following steps:

filling the atomic ash mixture into a damaged position coated on the glazed tile surface within 2-10 minutes, tamping and scraping, and enabling the surface of the formed atomic ash mixture to be 2-4mm lower than the glazed tile surface;

and waiting for 60 minutes, and performing grinding repair after the putty mixture is dried and hardened.

5. The archaized building construction process of claim 1, further comprising a gunny gray ground layer construction process for constructing beams, columns, purlins, tatami plates and sill frames of the archaized building, wherein the gunny gray ground layer construction process sequentially comprises the following steps:

tearing the seam, forming a seam with the width larger than 2-4mm on the surface of the wood member by adopting a shovel knife and a scratcher, then processing the seam into a V-shaped structure, and removing impurities in the seam;

making a bamboo nail and battens by using a lower bamboo nail and a shoe last seam, and installing the bamboo nail and the battens into the seam;

brushing the surface of the wood member with oil slurry by using a brush;

catching gap ash, namely scraping oil slurry around the gap into the gap through an iron plate;

ash removal, including ash smearing, board passing and ash picking;

pressing hemp ash, including applying ash, passing board and picking ash;

spreading fine ash, including finding fine ash, closing edges, sliding fine ash and filling and scraping fine ash;

grinding ash, and grinding the surface of the wood member by using a grinding head;

the raw tung oil is dipped by a screw head or a brush and is rubbed or brushed on the surface of the wood member.

6. A repair tool for an antique building, characterized in that, by adopting the process for repairing the antique building according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the repair tool comprises a base and a cover plate;

the base comprises a first bottom plate, a second bottom plate, a first end face plate and a second end face plate, the first bottom plate and the second bottom plate are arranged in parallel, the first end face plate and the second end face plate are arc-shaped plates used for being matched with the surface of a glazed tile of an antique building, two ends of the first end face plate are respectively fixed on the first bottom plate and the second bottom plate, two ends of the second end face plate are respectively in sliding connection with the first bottom plate and the second bottom plate, and the first end face plate and the second end face plate are respectively positioned on two sides of the first bottom plate along the length direction of the first bottom plate;

the cover plate is of an arch structure matched with the surface of the glazed tile, the cover plate, the first bottom plate, the second bottom plate, the first end face plate and the second end face plate are enclosed to form a space for containing the glazed tile, the cover plate and the first bottom plate are respectively located on the upper side and the lower side of the glazed tile, and the first end face plate and the second end face plate are respectively located on the front side and the rear side of the glazed tile.

7. The repair tool for the antique building according to claim 6, further comprising a first threaded fastener, wherein the first bottom plate and the second bottom plate are both provided with a T-shaped groove and an elongated groove, the second end plate comprises a T-shaped portion in sliding fit with the T-shaped groove, the elongated groove extends along the sliding direction of the second end plate, the second end plate further comprises a positioning plate fixedly connected with the T-shaped portion, a first threaded hole is formed in the positioning plate, and the first threaded fastener penetrates through the elongated groove to be fixedly connected with the first threaded hole so as to limit the sliding of the second end plate in the T-shaped groove.

8. The pseudo-classic architecture repair tool according to claim 6, further comprising a second threaded fastener and a sealing member, wherein the cover plate is provided with a second threaded hole in threaded engagement with the second threaded fastener, the first end plate and the second end plate are each provided with a plurality of through holes along a vertical direction, when the cover plate is mounted on the base, the second threaded fastener penetrates through the through holes to be in fastening connection with the second threaded member, so that the cover plate and the base are relatively fixed, and the sealing member is disposed in the through holes to seal the through holes.

9. The repair tool for the antique building according to claim 6, further comprising a first side plate and a second side plate, wherein the first side plate and the second side plate are respectively fixed on the first bottom plate and the second bottom plate, and the cover plate, the first bottom plate, the second bottom plate, the first side plate, the second side plate, the first end panel and the second end panel enclose a space for accommodating the glazed tiles.

10. The repair tool for the antique building according to claim 6, further comprising a plurality of groups of supporting seats, wherein each group of supporting seats comprises two supporting seats respectively connected with the first bottom plate and the second bottom plate, and the plurality of groups of supporting seats are uniformly arranged along the length direction of the first bottom plate;

the supporting seat comprises an inner rod, an outer rod and a support which are sequentially connected, one end of the inner rod is connected with the first bottom plate or the second bottom plate, external threads are arranged on the inner rod, a positioning hole is formed in the outer rod, an internal thread matched with the external threads is arranged in the positioning hole, the inner rod stretches into the positioning hole and is in threaded connection with the outer rod, and the inner rod is opposite to the outer rod and moves along the axial direction of the inner rod when the outer rod rotates.