CN115943066A - 用于增材制造的镍基合金和方法 - Google Patents
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- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 22
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims description 6
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000110 selective laser sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N selanylidenegallium;selenium Chemical compound [Se].[Se]=[Ga].[Se]=[Ga] VSZWPYCFIRKVQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/0433—Nickel- or cobalt-based alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/25—Direct deposition of metal particles, e.g. direct metal deposition [DMD] or laser engineered net shaping [LENS]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
- C22C19/055—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 20% but less than 30%
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/001—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
- C22C32/0015—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides with only single oxides as main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0026—Matrix based on Ni, Co, Cr or alloys thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
- B22F2301/15—Nickel or cobalt
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Metallurgy (AREA)
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
通过从硅、锰、硫、铬、钛、铝、锆、钽、铁、铜、铌、钇、钇氧化物中有针对性地选择一些元素，提供可以良好加工并且对于所制造的构件也产生良好的机械特征值的合金。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种镍基合金，所述镍基合金可以在借助于选择性的能量照射，如激光辐射、电子辐射的增材制造中使用，或者也可以在借助于粉末堆焊的增材制造中使用。
背景技术
但是，不限于所提及的方法，诸如选择性激光熔化(SLM)的增材制造基于作为用于产生几何对象的原始材料的粉末层的分层的选择性熔化。
在耐高温合金的SLM中，在过程期间出现微观裂纹，并且在热处理期间出现宏观裂纹。
镍基材料可以在直至40μm的层厚度中无裂纹且生产性地构造，然而，对于一些应用而言，所述镍基材料不具有足够的机械特性，如尤其蠕变强度。
此外，抗氧化性通常是受限的。
然而，对于其他增材制造的热气部件的探索和工业化，需要具有由机械特性和生产率构成的适合的组合的合金。
迄今为止，所述问题通过使用另外的合金来解决，其中这引起关于结构质量和生产率(20μm的层厚度)的限制。尤其地，在对应的合金中(在SLM过程中)出现微观裂纹形成，并且在热处理期间出现宏观裂纹形成，使得具有所述替选的合金的SLM方法的使用限制作为用于新部件的制造过程的使用，并且SLM方法开始不可行性。
发明内容
因此，本发明的目的是解决上述问题。
所述目的通过根据权利要求1的合金和根据权利要求2的方法来实现。
在从属权利要求中列出其他有利的措施，所述措施可以任意彼此组合，以便实现其他优点。
所述构思在于如下镍基超级合金，所述镍基超级合金至少具有(以重量％为单位)，
可选地：
钇(Y) 0.0025％-0.0075％
钇氧化物(Y2O3) 0.25％-1.25％
可选地并且尤其最大地：
尤其由上述构成。
通过硅(Si)和锰(Mn)的减小的份额，明显改进裂纹特性。
通过低含量的硫(S)，提高抗氧化性和抗腐蚀性。
通过铬含量(Cr)补偿具有较高的γ'份额的Sigma相的份额。
同样将钛含量(Ti)选择为，用于补偿具有较高份额的钽(Ta)和铝(Al)的γ'含量。
铝(Al)的含量改进蠕变特性和抗氧化性。
通过锆(Zr)、铁(Fe)、铜(Cu)的含量，明显降低裂纹倾向性。
通过添加钽(Ta)，明显改进蠕变特性，其中铌含量(Nb)提高强度。
通过添加钇氧化物(Y2O3)，改进抗氧化性。
借助于所示出的调整，确保用于具有改进的机械性能和更加提高的抗氧化性的生产性的SLM过程的可加工性。
在热处理中，预期没有由于老化现象引起的裂纹形成，所述裂纹形成已实验性地和模拟性地确认，这降低再加工耗费，如表面处理。
优选地，选择性的粉末熔化或选择性的粉末烧结或堆焊、粉末堆焊以及选择性的激光烧结或选择性的激光熔化用作为所述方法。
铬含量(Cr)优选为21.0％至21.5％、尤其21.0％至21.3％、更尤其21.0重量％。
钴含量(Co)优选为19重量％。
钛(Ti)的含量优选为3.0重量％至3.2重量％、尤其3.0重量％至3.1重量％、更尤其3.0重量％。
铝(Al)的含量优选为2.2重量％至2.4重量％、尤其2.3重量％至2.4重量％、更尤其2.4重量％。
钽(Ta)的含量优选为1.7重量％至1.9重量％、尤其1.8重量％至1.9重量％、更尤其1.9重量％。
铌(Nb)的含量优选为1.4重量％至1.6重量％、尤其1.5重量％至1.6重量％、更尤其1.6重量％。
碳含量(C)优选为0.15重量％。
钨含量(W)优选为2.0重量％。
铝(Al)的含量优选为2.4重量％至3.0重量％、尤其2.6重量％至3.0重量％、更尤其3.0重量％。
优点也借助于钽(Ta)的1.9重量％至2.5重量％的优选的含量来实现，尤其2.2重量％至2.5重量％、更尤其2.5重量％。
Claims (13)
1.一种镍基超级合金，
以重量％为单位，至少具有下述各项：
可选地：
钇(Y) 0.0025％-0.0075％
钇氧化物(Y2O3) 0.25％-1.25％
可选地并且尤其最大地：
尤其由上述各项构成。
2.一种用于制造由根据权利要求1所述的合金构成的构件的方法，
其中选择增材制造方法，
尤其选择性的粉末熔化或选择性的粉末烧结，或
堆焊，
尤其粉末堆焊。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法，
其中使用选择性的激光烧结或选择性的激光熔化。
4.根据权利要求1、2或3中的一项或两项所述的合金或方法，
其中铬含量(Cr)为21.0％至21.5％；
尤其21.0％至21.3％，
更尤其21.0重量％。
5.根据权利要求1、2、3或4中的一项或多项所述的合金或方法，
其中钴含量(Co)为19重量％。
6.根据权利要求1、2、3、4或5中的一项或多项所述的合金或方法，
其中钛(Ti)的含量为3.0重量％至3.2重量％，
尤其3.0重量％至3.1重量％，
更尤其3.0重量％。
7.根据权利要求1、2、3、4、5或6中的一项或多项所述的合金或方法，
其中铝(Al)的含量为2.2重量％至2.4重量％，
尤其2.3重量％至2.4重量％，
更尤其2.4重量％。
8.根据权利要求1、2、3、4、5、6或7中的一项或多项所述的合金或方法，
其中钽(Ta)的含量为1.7重量％至1.9重量％，
尤其1.8重量％至1.9重量％，
更尤其1.9重量％。
9.根据上述权利要求中的一项或多项所述的合金或方法，
其中铌(Nb)的含量为1.4重量％至1.6重量％，
尤其1.5重量％至1.6重量％，
更尤其1.6重量％。
10.根据上述权利要求中的一项或多项所述的合金或方法，
其中碳含量(C)为0.15重量％。
11.根据上述权利要求中的一项或多项所述的合金或方法，
其中钨含量(W)为2.0重量％。
12.根据上述权利要求中的一项或多项所述的合金或方法，
其中铝(Al)的含量为2.4重量％至3.0重量％，
尤其2.6重量％至3.0重量％，
更尤其3.0重量％。
13.根据上述权利要求中的一项或多项所述的合金或方法，
其中钽(Ta)的含量为1.9重量％至2.5重量％，
尤其2.2重量％至2.5重量％，
更尤其2.5重量％。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102018251722.3 | 2018-12-27 | ||
| DE102018251722.3A DE102018251722A1 (de) | 2018-12-27 | 2018-12-27 | Nickelbasislegierung für additive Fertigung und Verfahren |
| PCT/EP2019/083955 WO2020135995A1 (de) | 2018-12-27 | 2019-12-06 | Nickelbasislegierung für additive fertigung und verfahren |
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| US (1) | US11753701B2 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP3870448B1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP2022516454A (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN115943066A (zh) |
| DE (1) | DE102018251722A1 (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2020135995A1 (zh) |
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| DE102021201196A1 (de) * | 2021-02-09 | 2022-08-11 | Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG | Legierung, Pulver, Verfahren und Bauteil |
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| US20050178480A1 (en) * | 2002-09-26 | 2005-08-18 | General Electric Company | Nickel-base alloy |
| US20050244296A1 (en) * | 2002-09-26 | 2005-11-03 | General Electric | Nickel-base alloy |
| US20130228302A1 (en) * | 2011-11-04 | 2013-09-05 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Process for the production of articles made of a gamma-prime precipitation-strengthened nickel-base superalloy by selective laser melting (slm) |
| CN103702793A (zh) * | 2011-07-12 | 2014-04-02 | 西门子公司 | 镍基的合金、应用和方法 |
| CN104903029A (zh) * | 2012-11-27 | 2015-09-09 | 斯奈克玛 | 使用高能束选择性熔化或选择性烧结优化紧实度的粉末床增材制造部件的方法 |
| RU2581337C1 (ru) * | 2015-06-10 | 2016-04-20 | Акционерное общество "Научно-производственное объединение "Центральный научно-исследовательский институт технологии машиностроения" АО "НПО "ЦНИИТМАШ" | Жаропрочный сплав на основе никеля для литья деталей горячего тракта газотурбинных установок, имеющих равноосную структуру |
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| US11131247B2 (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2021-09-28 | General Electric Company | Additively manufactured rotating shaft |
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- 2019-12-06 EP EP19821053.6A patent/EP3870448B1/de active Active
- 2019-12-06 JP JP2021537061A patent/JP2022516454A/ja active Pending
- 2019-12-06 WO PCT/EP2019/083955 patent/WO2020135995A1/de unknown
- 2019-12-06 CN CN201980086024.4A patent/CN115943066A/zh active Pending
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| US20130228302A1 (en) * | 2011-11-04 | 2013-09-05 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Process for the production of articles made of a gamma-prime precipitation-strengthened nickel-base superalloy by selective laser melting (slm) |
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| RU2581337C1 (ru) * | 2015-06-10 | 2016-04-20 | Акционерное общество "Научно-производственное объединение "Центральный научно-исследовательский институт технологии машиностроения" АО "НПО "ЦНИИТМАШ" | Жаропрочный сплав на основе никеля для литья деталей горячего тракта газотурбинных установок, имеющих равноосную структуру |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102018251722A1 (de) | 2020-07-02 |
| EP3870448A1 (de) | 2021-09-01 |
| EP3870448B1 (de) | 2022-08-17 |
| US20220064762A1 (en) | 2022-03-03 |
| WO2020135995A1 (de) | 2020-07-02 |
| JP2022516454A (ja) | 2022-02-28 |
| US11753701B2 (en) | 2023-09-12 |
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