CN115894653B - 天然奇亚籽多肽在抗衰老、降血压方面的应用 - Google Patents
天然奇亚籽多肽在抗衰老、降血压方面的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P21/00—Preparation of peptides or proteins
- C12P21/06—Preparation of peptides or proteins produced by the hydrolysis of a peptide bond, e.g. hydrolysate products
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
Landscapes
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Abstract
本申请公开了一种奇亚籽多肽及其多肽组合物,包括具有如SEQ IDNO.1~4所示的氨基酸序列中的一种或几种多肽。通过细胞实验证实了这些奇亚籽活性多肽对垂体细胞促性腺激素的调控作用,还具有作为性腺调节、乳腺调节、降血压和抗衰老相关功能保健品的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本申请涉及性功能调节技术领域,尤其涉及天然奇亚籽多肽在抗衰老、降血压方面的应用。
背景技术
青春发育包括体格生长、性腺成熟及第二性征的出现,此时下丘脑GnRH脉冲式分泌导致垂体促性腺激素的脉冲分泌。目前已知与此有关的调控物质有儿茶酚胺、5-羟色胺、各种生长因子及内源性阿片肽等。虽然各种物质在青春发育过程中发挥重要作用。而女性再进入更年期的显著变化是月经紊乱以至绝经,大多与更年期女性出现下丘脑-垂体功能等性腺分泌功能退化所致。而一些进入妊娠期女性体内的催乳素也存在分泌不足,导致其催乳功能不足,这与可能与其体内性腺功能紊乱有关。
而现如今,对于性腺功能调节的相关药品或保健品,均为化学药物,存在诸多副作用。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本申请的目的在于至少一种药食同源的天然原材料作为性能功能调节的制品原料。本申请发明人创造性发现,奇亚籽,营养丰富,不仅富含α-亚麻酸含量和膳食纤维;还将其高品质的蛋白质酶解得到特殊活性的多肽或多肽组合物,该多肽或多肽组合物经细胞试验和动物试验证实具有相关性腺调节和/或乳腺调节功能。由此:
第一方面,本申请实施例公开了一种奇亚籽多肽及其多肽组合物,包括具有如SEQID NO.1~4所示的氨基酸序列中的一种或几种多肽。
第二方面,本申请实施例公开了一种性腺分泌功能调节或乳腺分泌功能调节的保健制剂,包括第一方面所述的奇亚籽多肽及其多肽组合物。
在本申请实施例中,该保健制剂可以是片剂、含片、锭剂、崩解剂或冲剂。
作为一种冲剂,所述保健制剂还包括缓冲剂,所述缓冲剂选自钠、钾或铵的碳酸盐、碳酸氢盐、乙酸盐、葡糖酸盐、甘油磷酸盐、磷酸盐或甘氨酸盐,或它们的混合物。
作为一种片剂或舌下含片,该保健制剂还含有甜味剂,所述甜味剂选自人造甜味剂、乙酸泛舒钾、糖精、糖精钠、环己烷氛基磺酸盐和/或甘草酸和/或其盐。
作为一种崩解剂,所述保健制剂还包括乳化剂,所述乳化剂选自卵磷脂、非离子表面活性剂、阴离子表面活性剂和两性表面活性剂中至少一种;其中,
所述卵磷脂选自大豆卵磷脂和蛋卵磷脂中的至少一种;
所述非离子表面活性剂选自泊洛沙姆、聚氧乙烯烷基醚、聚氧乙烯蓖麻油衍生物、聚氧乙烯脱水山梨醇脂肪酸酯、甘油单酸酯、甘油双酸酯及其醚、聚氧乙烯硬脂酸酯、脂肪酸的多甘油酯和脱水山梨醇脂肪酸酯中至少一种;
所述阴离子表面活性剂选自脂肪酸、脂肪酸皂、乳酸盐、硬脂酰乳酸钠、硬脂酰乳酸钠钙、十二烷基硫酸钠及月桂基磺基乙酸钠中至少一种;
所述两性表面活性剂选自磷脂酞基胆碱和/或磷脂酞基乙醇胺。
作为一种崩解剂、锭剂、冲剂,所述保健制剂还包括保护剂,所述保护剂选自果糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖、乳糖、麦芽糖、转化糖以及药物上可接受的多元醇中至少一种。术语“药物上可接受的多元醇”表示如木糖醇、山梨醇、麦芽糖醇、甘露糖醇、异麦芽酚和甘油,或聚右旋糖、或它们的任何混合物。
第三方面,本申请实施例公开了第一方面的奇亚籽多肽及其多肽组合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
制备脱脂奇亚籽粉;
制备奇亚籽酶解物,由向所述脱脂奇亚籽粉中加入碱性蛋白酶进行酶解得到;以及
纯化所述奇亚籽酶解物得到所述奇亚籽多肽及其多肽组合物;
其中,纯化步骤包括对其纯化所的中间组分或产物进行血管紧张素转换酶、酪氨酸酶、胶原酶和透明质酸酶中至少一种的抑制活性进行筛选的步骤。
具体的实施例中,所述纯化步骤包括:
对所述奇亚籽酶解物进行分子排阻色谱,得到不同大小的排阻组分;
对所述排阻组分进行血管紧张素转换酶抑制活性检测,挑选其中抑制活性高的排阻组分;
对抑制活性高的排阻组分进行反相制备色谱纯化,得到制备组分;
对所述制备组分同时进行酪氨酸酶、胶原酶和透明质酸酶抑制活性检测,挑选对酪氨酸酶、胶原酶和透明质酸酶同时具有抑制活性的制备组分,即为所述奇亚籽多肽或多肽组合物。
第四方面,本申请实施例公开了一种性腺分泌功能调节或乳腺分泌功能调节的保健制剂,包括至少一个剂量单位的第一方面所述的奇亚籽多肽及其多肽组合物,0.1~3wt%保护剂,0.1~5wt%甜味剂和0.1~5wt%乳化剂。其中,术语“一个剂量单位”表示为2.5g/kg体重。
第五方面,本申请实施例公开了第一方面的奇亚籽多肽及其多肽组合物在制备性腺分泌功能调节、乳腺分泌功能调节、降血压和抗衰老的至少一项相关保健制品中的应用。与现有技术相比,本申请至少具有以下有益效果:
本申请实施例以奇亚籽作为原料,充分开发其中的活性多肽,通过提取和酶解等步骤,得到四种活性多肽,这些活性多肽均具有血管紧张素转换酶抑制活性,还具有抑制酪氨酸酶、胶原酶和透明质酸酶活性,能够发挥抗降血压和抗衰老等功能。
本申请进一步通过细胞实验证实了这些奇亚籽活性多肽垂体细胞的促性腺激素的调控作用,进而再次通过动物实验证实,这种调控作用可能决定了对缺乳型母鼠的乳汁分泌作用,使得其具有作为性腺调节、乳腺调节、降血压和抗衰老相关功能保健品的应用前景。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例1提供的奇亚籽酶解产物凝胶色谱纯化馏分图。
图2为本申请实施例1凝胶色谱得到的F2组分的制备色谱谱图。
图3为本申请实施例1凝胶色谱得到的F2组分的制备色谱谱图。
图4为本申请实施例1凝胶色谱得到的F2组分的制备色谱谱图。
图5为本申请细胞实验提供的各组RPC细胞FSH、LH和GnRHR的WB检测图。
图6为本申请动物实验提供的正常组母鼠乳腺组织切片HE染色图。
图7为本申请动物实验提供的模型组母鼠乳腺组织切片HE染色图。
图8为本申请动物实验提供的实验组(供试品1)母鼠乳腺组织切片HE染色图。
图9为本申请动物实验提供的对照组母鼠乳腺组织切片HE染色图。
具体实施方式
为了使本申请的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合实施例对本申请进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本申请,并不用于限定本申请。
奇亚籽活性肽的分离纯化及结构鉴定
一、材料与方法
1、奇亚籽肽的分离纯化
(1)制备脱脂奇亚籽粉末
一个具体的实施例1对奇亚籽进行脱脂的过程为:将奇亚籽干品(三原天域生物制品有限公司)用蒸馏水洗净,去除内脏等杂质,60℃烘干至恒重,粉碎,过60目筛。取适量奇亚籽粉末于烧杯中,加入脱脂溶剂至使奇亚籽粉末的浓度为4g/mL,处理1h;其中,脱脂溶剂包含石油醚、乙酸乙酯和甲醇,三者的体积比为1:7:2,抽滤,收集滤液,重复脱脂过程3次,40℃蒸干脱脂溶剂得到脱脂奇亚籽粉末。
一个具体的对比例1对奇亚籽进行脱脂的过程为:将奇亚籽粉加至乙酸乙酯中,使得其浓度为4g/mL,恒温磁力搅拌器上脱脂30min,抽滤,收集滤液,重复脱脂过程3次,40℃蒸干乙酸乙酯得到脱脂奇亚籽粉末。
(2)制备奇亚籽酶解物
一个具体的实施例1的奇亚籽酶解过程为:向上述制得的奇亚籽粉末中加入去离子水,使得奇亚籽粉末的浓度为20g/mL),充分混匀,调节pH至12.0,按1.0wt%的用量加入碱性蛋白酶(艾科试剂,纯度:HPLC级),60℃水浴10min灭酶,终止反应。酶解液冷却至室温,4℃抽滤,滤液于5000rpm 4℃离心20min,上清液冷冻干燥得到酶解物冻干粉,于-20℃隔光隔氧保存。
一个具体的实施例2的奇亚籽酶解过程为:采用上述实施例1脱脂工艺后;其碱性蛋白酶的用量为1.5wt%,酶解pH为12.0,其他均与实施例1相同。
一个具体的实施例3的奇亚籽酶解过程为:采用上述实施例1脱脂工艺后;其碱性蛋白酶的用量为2.0wt%,酶解pH为12.0,其他均与实施例1相同。
一个具体的对比例1的奇亚籽酶解过程为:采用上述对比例1脱脂工艺后,酶解过程与实施例1相同。
一个具体的对比例2的奇亚籽酶解过程为:采用上述实施例1脱脂工艺后;其碱性蛋白酶的用量为1.0wt%,酶解pH为11.0,其他均与实施例1相同。
(3)奇亚籽肽的纯化制备
1)透析
将奇亚籽酶解液置于磁力搅拌器上进行透析4℃处理72h,透析袋的截留分子量为7000,购自XYbio,型号为X11634,每隔6~8h换一次超纯水。透析完后冷冻干燥得到透析物,-20℃隔光隔氧保存。
2)Sephadex C-25凝胶柱分离纯化
将预处理好的Sephadex C-25(货号S8240,Solarbio)在60~70%的乙醇水溶液中过夜,去离子水洗净乙醇,取适量凝胶湿法装柱,依次用3~5倍体积的0.2M盐酸、水、0.5M氢氧化钠、0.2M盐酸和水上平衡柱子至流出液为中性。
取适量上述得到的透析物,溶解于pH 10.0的0.05M氯化钠溶液中,上样上述层析柱,上样体积2mL,以0.05~0.5M的氯化钠溶液作为洗脱液进行梯度洗脱。洗脱流速0.3mL/min,于280nm波长处检测洗脱液吸光度值,收集不同馏分。
3)RP-HPLC分离纯化
将上述馏分,经上述的截留分子量为7000的透析袋透析浓缩后,过0.22gm针孔水相滤膜,以RP-HPLC分离纯化,按峰分别收集足量洗脱液,冷冻干燥,测定各组分峰ACE抑制活性。
RP-HPLC色谱条件如下:
色谱柱:Bio100C18N(5μm,30mm ID),Interchim快速色谱纯化兼制备液相色谱系统。
流动相:A相为超纯水(含0.1%TFIA);B相为乙睛(含0.1%TFA,洗脱条件为0~15min,10%B,10~40min,10%~35%B。
上样体积为100μL;洗脱流速为3mL/min;柱温为25℃;检测波长为215nm。
2、多肽序列鉴定
取适量样品溶于0.1%甲酸水溶液,自动进样器上样于LTQ Orbitrap Velos Pr。质谱仪(Thermo Finnigan,USA。质谱仪使用前经丁螺环酮标准校准液校正,质谱检测条件为离子源ESI+,喷雾电压为1.8kv,离子传输毛细管温度为250℃,扫描范围为50~750m/z,扫描方式为IDA。
多肽和多肽的碎片的质量电荷比每次全扫描后采集10个碎片图谱。原始文件用Mascot 2.3软件中的de navy算法分析。相关参数为:Enzyme=none,Variable modifi-canon:Oxidation(M),Peptides tolerance:20ppm,MS/MS tolerance:0.1u,Mascot结果过滤参数为FDR≦0.01。
3、ACE抑制活性检测
取50μL待测样品溶液和150μL 8.3mmol/L HHL溶液(类寡肽,马尿酞-组氨酞-亮氨酸,HPLC级,Sigma;含0.3mol/LNaCL,pH 8.3)于2mL离心管中混匀。
37℃预热5min,向离心管中加入50μL 0.025U/mLpH 8.3ACE溶液(血管紧张素转换酶,≧2.0U/mL);ACE溶于含0.3mol/LNaCL的硼酸缓冲液)充分混匀。
37℃水浴处理1h,加入250μL,1mol/LHCL溶液混匀,终止反应。
以1.5mL乙酸乙酯萃取反应过程中生成的马尿酸,混匀。依据ACE抑制率的50%计算上述制得的奇亚籽多肽的IC50。
4、抗衰老相关酶抑制活性检测
(1)酪氨酸酶抑制活性检测
将100μL的测试样品或对照品(PBS缓冲液)与50μL的底物3,4-二羟基-l-苯丙氨酸(10mM)结合,并在30℃下孵育15min。将溶液与50μL预孵育(5min,30℃)酪氨酸酶(150U)混合,反应15min。最后,在450nm处记录反应的吸光度,抑制的百分比用=(Ab-As)/(Ab-Ac)×100%;其中,As表示样品组的吸光度值,Ab表示空白组的吸光度值,Ac表示对照组的吸光度值。并依据Tyr抑制率的50%计算上述制得的奇亚籽多肽的IC50。
(2)胶原酶抑制活性检测
将100μL的测试样品或对照品(PBS缓冲液)与50μL的底物N-[3-(2-呋喃基)丙烯酰基]-Leu-Gly-Pro-Ala(1mM)结合,并在30℃下孵育15min。将溶液与50μL预孵育(5min,30℃)胶原酶(100mU)混合,反应15min。最后,在340nm处记录反应的吸光度。抑制的百分比用=(Ab-As)/(Ab-Ac)×100%;其中,As表示样品组的吸光度值,Ab表示空白组的吸光度值,Ac表示对照组的吸光度值。并依据Col抑制率的50%计算上述制得的奇亚籽多肽的IC50。
(3)透明质酸抑制活性检测
将100μL的测试样品或对照品(PBS缓冲液)与50μL的底物透明质酸钠盐结合,在37℃下孵育15min。将溶液与50μL预孵育(5min,37℃)透明质酸酶(1mg/mL)混合,反应15min。在550nm处记录吸光度。抑制的百分比用=(Ab-As)/(Ab-Ac)×100%;其中,As表示样品组的吸光度值,Ab表示空白组的吸光度值,Ac表示对照组的吸光度值。并依据Hya抑制率的50%计算上述制得的奇亚籽多肽的IC50。
二、结果
对上述凝胶层析的分离,如图1所示为实施例1在280nm下共收集了3个馏分F1、F2和F3;而实施例2和实施例3则分别得到2个组分和4个组分,对比例1得到4个组分、对比例2得到2个组分。将F1、F2和F3稀释成不同浓度,利用其ACE抑制率的高低筛选作为制备色谱的合适组分,结果如表1所示。
表1凝胶层析组分对ACE的IC50(mg/mL)
实施方式 | F1 | F2 | F3 | F4 |
实施例1 | 0.85±0.006 | 0.39±0.014 | 17.35±0.033 | - |
实施例2 | 0.69±0.013 | 0.14±0.042 | - | - |
实施例3 | 0.73±0.006 | 0.34±0.024 | 2.23±0.042 | 15.13±0.032 |
对比例1 | - | - | 4.07±0.036 | 20.15±0.034 |
对比例2 | - | - | - | - |
表1中,“-”表示未检出或不存在该组分。由表1可知,实施例1~3均得到了对ACE抑制的IC50低于0.5mg/mL的组分。对比例1虽然得到了4个组分,但是其中两个组分并未检测对ACE具有抑制效果,而另2个组分的抑制效果不佳。而对比例2得到的组分均未检出的ACE具有抑制效果。
为此,分别对实施例1~3提供的F2组分进一步采用反相高效液相色谱进行检测,其图谱分别如图2~4所示。
如图2为实施例1凝胶色谱得到的F2组分的制备色谱谱图,能够得到保留时间为10min、15.5min和16.3min种左右的三个短肽组分,分别命名为P1、P2和P3。如图3为实施例2凝胶色谱得到的F2组分的制备色谱谱图,能够得到保留时间为16.3min的1个短肽组分,分别命名为P4。如图4为实施例3凝胶色谱得到的F2组分的制备色谱谱图,能够得到保留时间为18.7min的1个短肽组分,分别命名为P5。
对于制备色谱得到P1~P5的短肽的氨基酸序列进行序列鉴定,并结合http://cabgrid.res.in:8080/amppred/server.php)公开的已知奇亚籽蛋白氨基酸序列信息进行分析得到P1~P5的氨基酸序列,其中P3和P4为相同多肽成分,10min、15.5min、16.3min和18.7min四种多肽成分的氨基酸序列依次为SEQ ID NO.1~4所示。
对10min、15.5min、16.3min和18.7min四种多肽成分P1、P2、P3和P5的抗衰老相关活性检测结果如表2所示。
表2
由表2可知,上述制得的四种多肽不仅具有ACE酶抑制活性,还具有抗衰老活性。
细胞实验
一、材料与方法
1、细胞
大鼠垂体细胞,购于美国Sciencell公司(货号81200,批号7209)。
2、供试品
上述制得P1、P2、P3和P5多肽的冻干粉,分别用0.05M的氯化钠溶液溶解至0.5mg/mL,分别作为母液,并以此为母液,分别配置得到不同供试品,如表3所示,表3中,“+”表示存在该组分,“-”表示不存在该组分,当同时存在多个组分时,多个组分之间均为将上述对应的母液等体积混合。例如,供试品5中含片P3和P5的浓度均为0.25mg/mL。
表3细胞实验供试品
供试品 | P1 | P2 | P3 | P5 |
供试品1 | + | - | - | - |
供试品2 | - | + | - | - |
供试品3 | - | - | + | - |
供试品4 | - | - | - | + |
供试品5 | - | - | + | + |
供试品6 | + | + | - | - |
3、垂体细胞的体外培养
细胞培养RPC细胞培养于含1%NGS生长液、10%胎牛血清、1%P/SSolution的高糖DMEM培养基中,在37℃、5%CO2饱和湿度的培养箱中静置培养;待细胞密度接近85%~90%时,胰酶消化、传代培养。取对数生长期细胞进行实验,以细胞密度1×106个/mL接种于96、12和6孔培养板中,继续培养24h后进行实验。
4、CCK8法检测奇亚籽多肽对RPC细胞的增殖促进作用
用酯酸西曲瑞克构建GnRHR受体拮抗细胞模型,再以CCK8法观察本申请实施例提供的奇亚籽多肽在不同浓度下对造模后的细胞存活率的影响。
取200μL密度为1×106个/mL的RPC细胞接种于96孔板中,分为空白组、对照组、模型组和实验组。除空白组外,其他各组每孔均添加50μL的25nM CAP(注射用酯酸西曲瑞克,思则凯)后;
再于对照组的小孔中加入50μL的25nM GnRH(促性腺激素释放激素,Sigma,作为阳性对照品);实验组的小孔中加入50μL的表3中所示的供试品1~6;模型组补加50μL的上述用于培养RPC细胞的高糖DMEM培养基;空白组补充相同量的上述用于培养RPC细胞的高糖DMEM培养基。
每个组别设置10个复孔,作用24h后,用PBS洗涤3次,后加入100μL培养液(上述用于培养RPC细胞的高糖DMEM培养基)和10μLCCK8的混合溶液,经孵箱培育4h后,用酶标仪于450nm波长处测定各孔吸光度值,并按下式来计算细胞存活率,细胞的存活率(%)=[As-Ab]/[Ac-Ab]×100%;其中,As为实验组或模型组的吸光值;Ac为对照组的吸光值;Ab为未加任何溶液的空白孔的吸光值。
5、荧光定量RT-PCR检测
本实验采用RT-PCR方法检测各组垂体细胞中的FSH,LH及GnRH受体的mRNA表达,具体步骤包括:
(1)垂体细胞总RNA的提取
将上述各组实验后的细胞,用预冷的PBS将细胞洗涤3次后,每孔加入0.5mLTRIzoI置于冰上15min裂解细胞,将裂解液加入1.5mL EP管中,静置5min;每管移加0.2mL氯仿,涡旋仪上剧烈振荡20s,常温静置2min后,12000rpm 4℃离心15min,取上层水相转移至新的EP管中,再加入0.5mL预冷的异丙醇,颠倒反转数次,常温静置10min,以12000rpm 4℃离心10min;弃上清,加入1mL 75%的乙醇(用DEPC水配制)来洗涤RNA的沉淀;再次以12000rpm 4℃离心5min;弃上清,将EP管倒置于操作台,室温干燥15min;每管加入20μL的DEPC水溶解RNA沉淀,测定A260和A280的吸光值,并计算A260/A280,取改比值在1.8~2.0之间的提取物作为进一步逆转录的样品。
(2)逆转录
按照SYBRPremix EXTaqTMII试剂盒说明书进行逆转录反、应,引物分别为:FSH-F:ggacccagctagaccaaaca,如SEQ ID NO.5所示,FSH-R:acagtggcattcagtggcta,如SEQ IDNO.6所示;
LH-F:ctgagcccaagtgtggtgt,如SEQ ID NO.7所示,LH-R:atgctggtggtgaaggtgat,如SEQ ID NO.8所示;
GnRHR-F:gtggtgattagcctggatcg,如SEQ ID NO.9所示,GnRHR-R:ataactgtggtcccgcaaag,如SEQ ID NO.10所示;
HPRT1-F:cctggcgtcgtgattagtgat,如SEQ ID NO.11所示,HPRT1-R:agacgttcagtcctgtccataa,如SEQ ID NO.12所示。
反应条件程序为95℃30s后,完成40个循环的95℃变性5s并在60℃扩增34s。采用QuantStudio 7Flex系统进行数据采集与分析。以HPRT1为内参,采用2-ΔΔCt进行相对定量统计分析。
6、Westernblot法检测
用Westernblot法检测上述各组垂体细胞GnRHR蛋白表达情况,将上述各组细胞混入浓度为1mmol/L PMSF的RIPA裂解液,置于4℃,12000rpm离心10min。按BCA蛋白浓度试剂盒说明书对蛋白含量进行测定,配平后100℃变性。采用BioRad垂直电泳槽进行SDS PAGE凝胶电泳,PVDF膜半干法转膜,洗膜、封固、孵育一抗(按相应抗体说明书推荐浓度范围的中间值采用5%BSA配置)、二抗,ChemiDOCTMMP蛋白印迹多功能成像系统进行显影,采用ImageLab、Photoshop等软件处理图像,获得光密度数据。
7、数据处理
所有测试数据均以平均值和标准偏差表示,应用SPSS13.0软件处理数据,并对每列数据进行多重比较和显著性差异标记。
二、结果
表4
表4列出了上述细胞实验各组别的细胞存活率,以及细胞中FSH、LH和GnRHR的mRNA相对水平。
由表4可知,对照组RPC细胞存活率较高,而模型组RPC细胞存活率显著降低,说明造模成功。而实验组中,供试品1~6对RPC的存活率均有不同程度的促进作用,尤其是供试品5。
由表4可知,模型组RPC细胞FSH、LH和GnRHR的mRNA相对水平均显著低于对照组,说明造模成功。而实验组中,供试品1~6处理细胞后的FSH、LH和GnRHR的mRNA均相对于模型组有不同程度的提升作用,说明供试品1~6对模型细胞作用过程中,能够降低酯酸西曲瑞克对RPC细胞FSH、LH及GnRHR的mRNA的抑制作用。
本实验进一步通过WB检测,结果如图5所示,FSH、LH及GnRHR的蛋白表达表现出相同的结果趋势。
垂体前叶促性腺激素细胞分泌的促性腺激素包括了FSH和LH,在下丘脑分泌的GnRH的调控下,与垂体上的受体GnRHR相结合后调控FSH、LH共同调节性腺功能。因为在生理情况下,LH峰决定了卵泡破裂和转变为黄体,LH能使颗粒细胞和卵泡膜细胞均转化成黄体细胞。失去LH支持将会导致黄体的退化,FSH主要能够促进卵泡各种细胞的生长发育。
本实验采取注射用酯酸西曲瑞克构建GnRHR受体拮抗细胞模型,注射用酯酸西曲瑞克是LHRH的拮抗剂,能与内源性的LHRH竞争垂体细胞表面的膜受体,从而控制LH和FSH的分泌,抑制HPO生殖轴功能,是构建Gn-RH竞争性拮抗模型的理想药物。由此,通过表4的结果能够显示,本申请实施例提供的以奇亚籽多肽为基础的供试品,能够通过影响GnRHR进而调节FSH、LH的分泌,进而解除或者降低酯酸西曲瑞克对垂体细胞的FSH和LH的分泌抑制作用,由此提升,本申请实施例提供的奇亚籽多肽能够起到促进垂体促性腺激素释放激素分泌、补肾助孕的作用。
动物实验
一、材料与方法
1、实验动物
Wistar大鼠,SPF级,江苏艾菱菲生物科技有限公司,雄雌兼用,雄性:雌性数量比为1:4,体重250~300,20℃,12h/12h明暗,正常饮食喂养。
2、供试品
采用上述相同的如表3所示的多肽供试品。
3、实验分组
将未经孕、产的雄性大鼠与雌性大鼠按1:4比例同笼饲养,自然交配受孕,采用托盘阴栓检查法筛选孕鼠,将受孕鼠单笼饲养用于实验。取产仔时间前后未超过24h的母鼠作为实验研究对象,按随机分为正常组、模型组、实验组和对照组,每组10只母鼠。
4、模型建立
自分娩第2日起上午给母鼠按2mg/kg体重剂量腹腔注射左旋多巴(Sigma),连续注射7d,即可得到产后缺乳大鼠模型。
5、给药
自分娩第2日起,正常组每日蒸馏水灌胃,实验组大鼠以供试品1~6按照2.5g/kg体重的剂量灌胃,对照组大鼠以补血生乳颗粒(九芝堂)按照1.5g/kg体重的剂量灌胃大鼠,各组大鼠每日灌胃1次,给药14d。各组动物均正常饮食饮水。上述补血生乳可用引用水进行溶解后灌胃。
6、观察检测方法及指标
(1)总泌乳量测定
将全窝仔鼠饥饿4h后,令母鼠哺乳15h,于哺乳前后分别称仔鼠体重,以其体重差表示母鼠一日泌乳量,累计14d总量作为总泌乳量。
(2)血清泌乳素(PRL)测定
实验结束后,将各组大鼠麻醉后,腹腔静脉取血,常温静置30min,3500rpm、4℃离心15min,分离血清,采用PRL ELISA试剂盒(货号JL13864-48T,江莱生物)检测其中PRL含量。
(3)下丘脑5-羟色胺(5-HT)测定
实验结束后,各组大鼠麻醉后,人道处死,取其脑组织0.1g左右,加入2mL酸性正丁醇(500mL正丁醇中加入0.85mL浓盐酸)进行组织匀浆,匀浆后再振荡5min,3000rpm离心10min,取上清,采用5-HT ELISA试剂盒(货号D751013-0048,Sangon Biotech)测定5-HT含量。
(4)病理检测
动物给药14d后处死解剖,取乳腺,立即固定,固定完成后各组进行常规切片、HE染色,观察乳腺的形态学变化。
7、数据处理
所有测试数据均以平均值和标准偏差表示,应用SPSS13.0软件处理数据,并对每列数据进行多重比较和显著性差异标记。
二、结果
表5
表5列出了各组大鼠的总泌乳量,血清中PRL和5-HT含量。由表5可知,相对于正常组,模型组大鼠血清中PRL和5-HT含量均显著降低,由此说明给药母鼠左旋多巴的缺乳型母鼠构建成功。而实验组中,给药缺乳型母鼠供试品1~6后,其PRL和5-HT含量均显著高于模型组,尤其是供试品5和6,由此说明,以本申请实施例提供的奇亚籽多肽为基础的供试品,具有提升缺乳型目母鼠血清中PRL和5-HT含量。而目前关于产后缺乳发病机制的研究多集中在对PRL的影响上,其广泛存在于动物体内,是腺垂体前叶催乳素细胞分泌的一种蛋白质激素。PRL在泌乳过程的启动和维持中起着重要作用,是促进泌乳发生的主要激素。下丘脑分泌的5-HT作为一种中枢神经系统递质,能促进PRL的分泌,从而增加泌乳量。
进一步地,由表5可知,相对于正常组,模型组大鼠总泌乳量显著降低;而实验组中,给药缺乳型母鼠供试品1~6后,母鼠的总泌乳量显著高于模型组。进一步说明,以本申请实施例提供的奇亚籽多肽为基础的供试品,通过提升缺乳型目母鼠血清中PRL和5-HT含量的来达到促进Wistar缺乳模型母鼠泌乳量的目的。
进一步对各组大鼠的乳腺进行病理切片染色,结果如图6~9。如图6所示,正常组大鼠的乳腺小叶、腺泡及小导管数量正常,未出现增生现象,小叶内腺泡密集,腺泡腔增大,形状规则,部分腺泡上皮细胞为高柱状、部分腺泡上皮细胞为低柱状,部分腺泡腔充盈乳汁,小叶问结缔组织和脂肪组织明显减少成很薄的问隔。如图7所示,模型组大鼠乳腺部分小叶腺泡被结缔组织包围,小叶问隔变成厚层,腺泡腔变窄,乳汁减少。
如图8所示,与模型组相比,实验组母鼠乳腺组织均有明显改善,组织形态与正常组母鼠的乳腺组织相似,小叶腺泡充满乳汁且显著增大,腺叶问的结缔组织明显减少,小叶问隔也明显变成薄层。
由此说明,以本申请实施例提供的奇亚籽多肽为基础的供试品,不经能够促进哺乳期母鼠乳腺的乳汁分泌,还并未出现乳腺增生情况,并且未出现乳腺组织病理变化,说明其对母鼠乳腺组织无明显毒副作用。
综上所述,本申请实施例以奇亚籽作为原料,充分开发其中的活性多肽,通过提取和酶解等步骤,得到四种活性多肽,这些活性多肽均具有血管紧张素转换酶抑制活性,还具有抑制酪氨酸酶、胶原酶和透明质酸活性,能够发挥抗降血压和抗衰老等功能。
本申请进一步通过细胞实验证实了这些奇亚籽活性多肽垂体细胞的促性腺激素的调控作用,进而再次通过动物实验证实,这种调控作用可能决定了对缺乳型母鼠的乳汁分泌作用,使得其具有作为性腺调节、乳腺调节、降血压和抗衰老相关功能保健品的应用前景。
以上所述,仅为本申请较佳的具体实施方式,但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内,
可轻易想到的变化或替换,都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。
Claims (2)
1.一种奇亚籽多肽组合物,其由选自如SEQ ID NO.1~4所示的氨基酸序列所示的至少两种多肽组成。
2.权利要求1所述的奇亚籽多肽组合物在制备辅助降血压保健制品中的应用。
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