CN115891500A - Magnetic wheel structure of magnetic suspension automobile - Google Patents
Magnetic wheel structure of magnetic suspension automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN115891500A CN115891500A CN202310220918.6A CN202310220918A CN115891500A CN 115891500 A CN115891500 A CN 115891500A CN 202310220918 A CN202310220918 A CN 202310220918A CN 115891500 A CN115891500 A CN 115891500A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
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- Control Of Vehicles With Linear Motors And Vehicles That Are Magnetically Levitated (AREA)
- Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a magnetic wheel structure of a magnetic suspension automobile, which relates to the technical field of magnetic suspension and comprises permanent magnet blocks, magnetic conductive inner rings, outer rings, carbon fibers and hard rubber solid tires, wherein the permanent magnet blocks are periodically arranged into annular permanent magnet wheels according to a Halbach array; the magnetic conduction inner ring, the annular permanent magnet wheel, the outer ring, the carbon fiber and the hard rubber solid tire are sequentially arranged on the wheel hub from inside to outside. According to the magnetic wheel structure, the divided permanent magnet blocks are staggered by dividing the permanent magnet blocks, and the small permanent magnet blocks share the stress mutually to prevent the magnet from cracking and separating. The invention can realize dual purposes of one wheel, firstly, the hard rubber solid tyre on the outer layer of the magnetic wheel can run on the common road surface, and has no difference with the traditional vehicle. And secondly, after the magnetic wheel is switched to a magnetic suspension special lane, the vehicle realizes a magnetic suspension state, so that the speed loss caused by the friction between the road surface and the wheel is reduced, and the running speed is greatly increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of magnetic suspension, in particular to a magnetic wheel structure of a magnetic suspension automobile.
Background
The rotary magnetic suspension automobile is a car-road coupling system composed of a vehicle-mounted magnetic wheel structure and a ground guide rail, and needs a special magnetic wheel. Because the magnetic wheel has high topological similarity with the wheel of the traditional automobile, the magnetic suspension automobile can be transformed and upgraded based on the traditional automobile structure to replace the existing automobile wheel, and the magnetic suspension automobile can run on the common road surface and the magnetic suspension special lane at the same time, so that the key problem of how to perfectly fit the magnetic wheel with the existing wheel is solved. On one hand, after the magnet is magnetized, the arrangement of a plurality of molecules in the magnet is changed, the molecular potential energy is increased, the magnet tends to return to low potential and high entropy, and microscopically, tiny grooves are formed between magnetized magnetic domains, and the grooves can easily expand into cracks when external force is applied, namely, the magnet is fragile. When the magnetic wheel runs on a common road, the magnetic wheel can be subjected to strong impact force brought by the road. On the other hand, the magnetic wheel has larger mass, and the traditional pneumatic tire can be burst by excessive impact force, and even the magnet is forced to crack. That is, the magnetic wheel is matched with the existing wheel, and how to make the magnet relieve the impact force.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a magnetic wheel structure of a magnetic suspension automobile to solve the problems. In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the application provides a magnetic wheel structure of magnetic suspension car includes: the permanent magnet wheel comprises permanent magnet blocks, a magnetic conduction inner ring and an outer ring, wherein the permanent magnet blocks are periodically arranged into annular permanent magnet wheels according to a Halbach array, and each permanent magnet block comprises at least three small permanent magnet blocks which are arranged in a staggered mode; the circle center of the annular permanent magnet wheel is taken as the circle center of the permanent magnet, and the permanent magnet block at least comprises an inner layer and an outer layer in the radial direction; the outer surface of the magnetic conduction inner ring is connected with the surface of the annular permanent magnet wheel inner ring, and the inner surface of the magnetic conduction inner ring is used for connecting a wheel hub; the inner surface of the outer ring is connected with the outer surface of the annular permanent magnet wheel.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the permanent magnet blocks are divided and are arranged in the radial direction of the magnetic wheel in a staggered mode through the bolts, so that the mass of the single permanent magnet blocks is reduced, the permanent magnet blocks are mutually shared and stressed to prevent the magnetic blocks from being separated, the surface of the outer ring of the annular permanent magnet wheel is wrapped by the pure aluminum outer ring and the carbon fibers, the pure aluminum outer ring can perform secondary induction with a mirror image magnetic field generated by the conductor plate to improve the suspension force of the magnetic wheel, and the effects of fixing the magnet to fall off and increasing the suspension force of the magnetic wheel are achieved.
The invention realizes dual purposes of one wheel by wrapping the magnetic wheel by the hard rubber solid tire, and the hard rubber solid tire is arranged outside the magnetic wheel, so the invention can run on the common road surface and has no difference with the traditional vehicle. After the magnetic wheel is switched to the magnetic suspension special lane, the vehicle realizes a magnetic suspension state, the speed loss caused by the friction between the road surface and the wheel is reduced, the running speed is greatly increased, and the high-speed running of the automobile can be realized. The hard rubber solid tire has sufficiently high stress at definite elongation, high hardness, low permanent deformation and good wear resistance, so that accidents such as tire burst and the like can be avoided under large impact force, and meanwhile, the hard rubber solid tire has small deformation and high hardness, can relieve the impact force applied to the magnet when receiving the impact force, and plays a role in protecting the magnet. Meanwhile, the small air gap between the magnet and the magnetic suspension lane can be kept to increase the suspension force.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the embodiments of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is an end view in cross section of a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of three permanent magnet pieces according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a second arrangement of three permanent magnet pieces according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of six permanent magnet segments according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of seven permanent magnet segments according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a radial cross-sectional view of four permanent magnet segments of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of four permanent magnet pieces according to the present invention.
The mark in the figure is: 1. a bolt; 2. a magnetic conductive inner ring; 3. a hub end cap; 4. a first permanent magnet; 5. a second permanent magnet; 6. hard rubber solid tires; 7. carbon fibers; 8. an outer ring; 9. a countersunk head bolt; 10. a third permanent magnet; 11. a fourth permanent magnet; 12. a hub.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. Meanwhile, in the description of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used only for distinguishing the description, and are not construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment provides a magnetic wheel structure of a magnetic levitation vehicle, which realizes dual purposes of one wheel, and the magnetic wheel structure includes: the magnetic field intensity of the outer side of the annular permanent magnet wheel in the radial direction is strongest, and the magnetic field of the center of a circle is weakest.
The outer surface of the magnetic conduction inner ring 2 is connected with the surface of the annular permanent magnet wheel inner ring, and the magnetic conduction inner ring 2 is made of iron and has better magnetic conductivity. The inner surface of the magnetic conduction inner ring 2 is used for connecting a hub 12; the inner surface of the outer ring 8 is connected with the outer surface of the annular permanent magnet wheel, and the outer ring is made of pure aluminum, so that the inner annular permanent magnet wheel is protected, and the outer annular permanent magnet wheel and the conductor plate of the magnetic suspension special lane react with each other to generate suspension force. The outer surface of the outer ring 8 is provided with carbon fibers 7, the outer surface of the carbon fibers 7 is provided with the hard rubber solid tire 6, and compared with a common tire, the rubber material of the hard rubber solid tire 6 has enough pressure resistance and wear resistance, and has enough high stress at definite elongation, higher hardness, low permanent deformation and good wear resistance. When the common road surface is impacted, the impact force on the magnet can be relieved, the effect of protecting the magnet is achieved, the vehicle can run on the common road surface, and the hard rubber solid tire 6 can enable the magnet and the conductor plate of the magnetic suspension special lane to keep a small air gap to increase the suspension force.
The end faces of the annular permanent magnet wheel, the magnetic conduction inner ring 2, the outer ring 8, the carbon fiber 7 and the hard rubber solid tire 6 are parallel and are arranged between the hub 12 and the hub end cover 3, and the hub end cover 3 is axially connected with the hub 12 through a bolt 1. The annular permanent magnet wheel, the magnetic conduction inner ring 2 and the wheel hub 12 are radially connected through the countersunk head bolt 9.
Example 2:
the embodiment provides a magnetic wheel structure of a magnetic levitation vehicle, and the position relation and the connection relation of the magnetic conduction inner ring 2, the hub end cover 3, the hard rubber solid tire 6, the carbon fiber 7, the outer ring 8 and the hub 12 are the same as those of the first embodiment. A single permanent magnet block in the existing annular permanent magnet wheel is large in mass and easy to crisp, and the permanent magnet block is easy to break in the driving process, so that broken magnet fragments are easy to fall off. This embodiment therefore divides each of the permanent magnet blocks into three of the permanent magnet pieces.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the permanent magnet block includes an inner layer and an outer layer, wherein one layer is divided into two small permanent magnet blocks along the axial direction. FIG. 5 shows a first arrangement of three small permanent magnet blocks, wherein the inner layer is divided into two small permanent magnet blocks, and one large-area small permanent magnet block on the outer layer presses the two small permanent magnet blocks on the inner layer. FIG. 6 shows the second arrangement of three small permanent magnet blocks, the outer layer being divided into two small permanent magnet blocks. The division reduces the mass of a single permanent magnet block, reduces the breakage of the permanent magnet block, and the small permanent magnet blocks share the stress mutually, and the outer layer adopts a pure aluminum outer ring 8 and carbon fibers 7 to prevent the small permanent magnet blocks from separating.
Example 3:
the embodiment provides a magnetic wheel structure of a magnetic levitation vehicle, and the position relation and the connection relation of the magnetic conduction inner ring 2, the hub end cover 3, the hard rubber solid tire 6, the carbon fiber 7, the outer ring 8 and the hub 12 are the same as those of the first embodiment. Based on the second embodiment, whether the permanent magnet blocks are divided more and the mass of the small permanent magnet blocks is smaller is considered to be better.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, each of the permanent magnet blocks of this embodiment is divided into at least five small permanent magnet blocks, each of the permanent magnet blocks includes at least three layers, and at least one layer is divided into at least two small permanent magnet blocks along the axial direction. Fig. 7 is an arrangement of six permanent magnet segments, for a total of three layers, each layer including two permanent magnet segments of different lengths. Fig. 8 is an arrangement of seven small permanent magnet blocks, which has three layers, wherein the upper layer and the lower layer respectively comprise two small permanent magnet blocks, and the middle layer comprises three small permanent magnet blocks. The two arrangement modes of the embodiment further reduce the mass of each permanent magnet small block, and further reduce the centrifugal force applied to the permanent magnet small blocks.
Example 4:
in the actual installation process of the embodiment 2, because the small permanent magnet blocks of one layer are large and have high magnetism, the installation of two small permanent magnet blocks of the other layer is inconvenient. Example three although more cuts to the permanent magnet blocks will make the small permanent magnet blocks smaller in mass, too many cuts will weaken the magnetic field strength, and the larger the number of the small permanent magnet blocks, the larger the number of the fixing bolts 1 will be, the permanent magnet blocks need to be punched, and the overall magnetic field strength of the annular permanent magnet wheel is seriously affected. Therefore, this embodiment provides a more reasonable division of the permanent magnet blocks.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, each permanent magnet block of this embodiment is divided into four small permanent magnet blocks, each permanent magnet block includes an inner layer and an outer layer in the radial direction, and each layer is divided into two small permanent magnet blocks in the axial direction. The magnetization directions of the small permanent magnet blocks are the same.
The height ratio of the small permanent magnet blocks on the inner layer to the small permanent magnet blocks on the outer layer is 1:1 or 3:4, the height is kept evenly distributed as much as possible, because the processing difficulty is high when the height of a small permanent magnet block on a certain layer is too thin.
The radial sections of the four small permanent magnet blocks are respectively a first permanent magnet block 4, a second permanent magnet block 5, a third permanent magnet block 10 and a fourth permanent magnet block 11 from the lower left corner in the clockwise direction; the length ratio of the first permanent magnet 4 to the fourth permanent magnet 11 is 1:2. the length ratio of the second permanent magnet 5 to the third permanent magnet 10 is 2:1. the first permanent magnet 4 and the third permanent magnet 10 are the same in length; the second permanent magnet 5 and the fourth permanent magnet 11 have the same length. If a single magnetic block is too short or too thin, the punching is not facilitated, the total magnetic field intensity can be guaranteed by equally dividing, and the small permanent magnet blocks are mutually interlocked in a pairwise staggered arrangement mode to prevent falling.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A magnetic wheel structure of a magnetic levitation vehicle, comprising:
the permanent magnet blocks are periodically arranged into annular permanent magnet wheels according to a Halbach array, and each permanent magnet block comprises at least three small permanent magnet blocks which are arranged in a staggered mode; the circle center of the annular permanent magnet wheel is taken as the circle center of the permanent magnet, and the permanent magnet block at least comprises an inner layer and an outer layer in the radial direction; the staggered arrangement is that the end surfaces of at least one side of the small permanent magnet blocks adjacent to each other on different layers of the same permanent magnet block are not on the same plane;
the outer surface of the magnetic conduction inner ring (2) is connected with the surface of the annular permanent magnet wheel inner ring, and the inner surface of the magnetic conduction inner ring (2) is connected with the wheel hub (12); and
the inner surface of the outer ring (8) is connected with the outer surface of the annular permanent magnet wheel.
2. The magnetic wheel structure of a magnetic levitation vehicle as recited in claim 1, wherein: the permanent magnet block comprises three small permanent magnet blocks, and the permanent magnet block comprises an inner layer and an outer layer, wherein one layer is divided into two small permanent magnet blocks along the axial direction.
3. The magnetic wheel structure of a magnetic levitation vehicle as recited in claim 1, wherein: the permanent magnet block comprises four small permanent magnet blocks, the permanent magnet block comprises an inner layer and an outer layer, and each layer is divided into two small permanent magnet blocks along the axial direction.
4. The magnetic wheel structure of a magnetic levitation vehicle as recited in claim 3, wherein: the small permanent magnet blocks on the inner layer and the small permanent magnet blocks on the outer layer are different in height.
5. The magnetic wheel structure of a magnetic levitation vehicle as recited in claim 3, wherein: the two small permanent magnet blocks positioned on the inner layer are respectively a first permanent magnet block (4) and a fourth permanent magnet block (11), and the first permanent magnet block (4) and the fourth permanent magnet block (11) are different in length.
6. The magnetic wheel structure of a magnetic levitation vehicle as recited in claim 3, wherein: the two small permanent magnet blocks positioned on the outer layer are respectively a second permanent magnet block (5) and a third permanent magnet block (10), and the lengths of the second permanent magnet block (5) and the third permanent magnet block (10) are different.
7. The magnetic wheel structure of a magnetic levitation vehicle as recited in claim 3, wherein: the radial sections of the four small permanent magnet blocks are respectively a first permanent magnet block (4), a second permanent magnet block (5), a third permanent magnet block (10) and a fourth permanent magnet block (11) from the lower left corner in the clockwise direction; the first permanent magnet block (4) and the fourth permanent magnet block (11) are different in length, and the second permanent magnet block (5) and the third permanent magnet block (10) are different in length; the first permanent magnet block (4) and the third permanent magnet block (10) are the same in length; the second permanent magnet (5) and the fourth permanent magnet (11) are the same in length.
8. The magnetic wheel structure of a magnetic levitation vehicle as recited in claim 1, wherein: the permanent magnet block comprises at least five small permanent magnet blocks, the permanent magnet block comprises at least three layers, and at least one layer is axially divided into at least two small permanent magnet blocks.
9. The magnetic wheel structure of a magnetic levitation vehicle as recited in claim 1, wherein: and the magnetization directions of all the small permanent magnet blocks are the same.
10. The magnetic wheel structure of a magnetic levitation vehicle as recited in claim 1, wherein: the outer surface of the outer ring (8) is provided with carbon fibers (7), and the outer surface of the carbon fibers (7) is provided with hard rubber solid tires (6).
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| CN202310220918.6A CN115891500B (en) | 2023-03-09 | 2023-03-09 | Magnetic wheel structure of magnetic suspension automobile |
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| CN202310220918.6A CN115891500B (en) | 2023-03-09 | 2023-03-09 | Magnetic wheel structure of magnetic suspension automobile |
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| CN115891500A true CN115891500A (en) | 2023-04-04 |
| CN115891500B CN115891500B (en) | 2023-05-12 |
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| CN115891500B (en) | 2023-05-12 |
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