CN115891500B - Magnetic wheel structure of magnetic suspension automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a magnetic wheel structure of a magnetic suspension automobile, which relates to the technical field of magnetic suspension and comprises permanent magnet blocks, a magnetic conduction inner ring, an outer ring, carbon fibers and hard rubber solid tires, wherein the permanent magnet blocks are periodically arranged into annular permanent magnet wheels according to a Halbach array; the magnetic conduction inner ring, the annular permanent magnet wheel, the outer ring, the carbon fiber and the hard rubber solid tire are sequentially arranged on the hub from inside to outside. The magnetic wheel structure makes the divided permanent magnet small blocks staggered by dividing the permanent magnet blocks, and the permanent magnet small blocks share the stress mutually to prevent the magnet from cracking and separating. The invention can realize two purposes of one wheel, and the hard rubber solid tyre on the outer layer of the magnetic wheel can run on a common road surface, which is not different from the traditional vehicle. And secondly, after the magnetic wheels are switched to the special magnetic levitation lane, the vehicle realizes a magnetic levitation state, so that the speed loss caused by friction between the road surface and the wheels is reduced, and the running speed is greatly improved.

Description

Magnetic wheel structure of a magnetic levitation vehicle

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of magnetic levitation, in particular to a magnetic wheel structure of a magnetic levitation vehicle.

Background technique

The rotating maglev vehicle is a vehicle-road coupling system composed of a vehicle-mounted magnetic wheel structure and ground guide rails, and requires a special magnetic wheel. Due to the high topological similarity between the magnetic wheel and the wheel of a traditional car, the maglev car can be upgraded based on the traditional car structure, replacing the existing car wheel, and can drive on ordinary roads and maglev special lanes at the same time. How to perfectly fit the magnetic wheel with the current wheel is the key issue. On the one hand, after the magnet is magnetized, the arrangement of many molecules inside has changed, the potential energy of the molecules increases, and there is a tendency to return to low potential and high entropy. From a microscopic point of view, there are small grooves between the magnetized magnetic domains and the magnetic domains. These grooves are easier to expand into cracks when subjected to external force, that is, the magnet is brittle. When the magnetic wheel is running on an ordinary road, it will receive a strong impact from the road. On the other hand, the mass of the magnetic wheel is relatively large, and excessive impact force may cause the traditional pneumatic tire to burst, and even force the magnet to crack. That is to say, when the magnetic wheel fits with the existing wheel, how to make the magnet alleviate the received impact force should also be considered.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a magnetic wheel structure of a magnetic levitation vehicle to solve the above problems. In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is as follows:

The application provides a magnetic wheel structure for a maglev vehicle, comprising: a permanent magnet block, a magnetic inner ring and an outer ring, the permanent magnet blocks are periodically arranged in an annular permanent magnetic wheel according to the Halbach array, each of the permanent magnets The block includes at least three staggered permanent magnet small blocks; the center of the permanent magnet wheel is the center of the permanent magnet, and the permanent magnet block includes at least two layers of inner and outer layers in the radial direction; the outer surface of the magnetic inner ring The inner surface of the annular permanent magnet wheel is connected, the inner surface of the magnetically permeable inner ring is used for connecting the hub; the inner surface of the outer ring is connected to the outer surface of the annular permanent magnet wheel.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The present invention divides the permanent magnet blocks and uses bolts to make them staggered in the radial direction of the magnetic wheel. This structure not only reduces the mass of the single permanent magnet small blocks, but also makes them share the force between each other to prevent the magnetic blocks from detaching. The surface of the outer ring of the permanent magnet wheel is made of pure aluminum outer ring and carbon fiber to wrap the ring magnet. The pure aluminum outer ring can conduct secondary induction with the mirror magnetic field generated by the conductor plate to improve the suspension force of the magnetic wheel, which can not only fix the magnet falling off , can also increase the effect of the levitation force of the magnetic wheel.

The present invention wraps the magnetic wheel with hard rubber solid tires to realize the dual-purpose of one wheel. Since the hard rubber solid tires are arranged outside the magnetic wheel, the present invention can run on common roads, no different from traditional vehicles. After the magnetic wheel is switched to the maglev special lane, the vehicle realizes the maglev state, which reduces the speed loss caused by the friction between the road surface and the wheels, greatly improves the driving speed, and can realize the high-speed driving of the car. Hard rubber solid tires have sufficiently high modulus, high hardness, low permanent deformation and good wear resistance, so that accidents such as tire blowouts can be avoided under large impact forces. At the same time, the hard rubber solid tires The deformation is small and the hardness is high. When the impact force is received, it can relieve the impact force of the magnet and protect the magnet. At the same time, it can keep a small air gap between the magnet and the maglev special lane to increase the levitation force.

Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention, and thus It should be regarded as a limitation on the scope, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other related drawings based on these drawings without creative work.

Fig. 1 is the end face sectional view of embodiment one of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is an explosion diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of three permanent magnet block arrangements in the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the second schematic diagram of three permanent magnet block arrangements in the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a kind of arrangement schematic diagram of six permanent magnet fritters among the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of seven permanent magnet blocks in the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the radial sectional view of four permanent magnet fritters among the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of four permanent magnet blocks in the present invention.

Marks in the figure: 1. Bolt; 2. Magnetic inner ring; 3. Hub end cover; 4. The first permanent magnet block; 5. The second permanent magnet block; 6. Hard rubber solid tire; 7. Carbon fiber; 8. Outer ring; 9, countersunk head bolts; 10, third permanent magnet block; 11, fourth permanent magnet block; 12, wheel hub.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments It is a part of embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations. Accordingly, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that like numerals and letters denote similar items in the following figures, therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not require further definition and explanation in subsequent figures. Meanwhile, in the description of the present invention, terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish descriptions, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

Example 1:

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the present embodiment provides a kind of magnetic wheel structure of maglev vehicle, realizes one wheel dual-purpose, and described magnetic wheel structure comprises: permanent magnet block, magnetic conduction inner ring 2 and outer ring 8, The permanent magnet block adopts NdFeB permanent magnets, which are periodically arranged into annular permanent magnet wheels according to the Halbach array, and the outer magnetic field strength of the annular permanent magnet wheels is the strongest in the radial direction, while the magnetic field at the center of the circle is the weakest.

The outer surface of the magnetically conductive inner ring 2 is connected to the inner ring surface of the annular permanent magnet wheel, and the magnetically conductive inner ring 2 is made of iron, which has better magnetic permeability. The inner surface of the magnetically conductive inner ring 2 is used to connect the hub 12; the inner surface of the outer ring 8 is connected to the outer surface of the annular permanent magnet wheel, which is made of pure aluminum. On the one hand, it plays the role of protecting the inner annular permanent magnet wheel, and on the other hand On the one hand, it interacts with the induced eddy current generated by the conductor plate of the maglev special lane to generate levitation force. The outer surface of the outer ring 8 is provided with carbon fiber 7, and the outer surface of the carbon fiber 7 is provided with a hard rubber solid tire 6. Compared with ordinary tires, the rubber material of the hard rubber solid tire 6 has sufficient pressure resistance and wear resistance , has sufficiently high modulus stress, high hardness, low permanent deformation and good wear resistance. When common road surface is subjected to impact force, can alleviate the impact force that magnet is subjected to, play the effect of protecting magnet, make the present invention can run on common road surface, and hard rubber solid tire 6 can also make magnet and maglev special-purpose driveway conductor plate keep relatively Small air gap to increase suspension force.

The end faces of the annular permanent magnet wheel, the magnetically conductive inner ring 2, the outer ring 8, the carbon fiber 7, and the hard rubber solid tire 6 are parallel, and are all arranged between the hub 12 and the hub end cap 3, and the hub end cap 3 and the hub 12 is axially connected by bolt 1. The annular permanent magnet wheel, the magnetically permeable inner ring 2 and the hub 12 are radially connected by countersunk bolts 9 .

Example 2:

This embodiment provides a magnetic wheel structure of a maglev vehicle, the positional relationship, connection relationship and implementation of the magnetically conductive inner ring 2, hub end cap 3, hard rubber solid tire 6, carbon fiber 7, outer ring 8 and hub 12 Example 1 is the same. The single permanent magnet block in the existing annular permanent magnet wheel has a large mass and is brittle. During the driving process, the permanent magnet block is prone to damage, causing the damaged magnet fragments to easily fall off. Therefore, in this embodiment, each permanent magnet block is divided into three small permanent magnet blocks.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , the permanent magnet block includes two inner and outer layers, one of which is divided into two small permanent magnet blocks along the axial direction. Fig. 5 is the first arrangement of three permanent magnet pieces, the inner layer is divided into two permanent magnet pieces, and a larger permanent magnet piece in the outer layer presses the two permanent magnet pieces in the inner layer. Fig. 6 shows the arrangement mode 2 of three small permanent magnet pieces, and the outer layer is divided into two small permanent magnet pieces. Segmentation reduces the mass of a single permanent magnet block, reduces the broken permanent magnet block, and shares the force between the small permanent magnet blocks. The outer layer uses pure aluminum outer ring 8 and carbon fiber 7 to prevent the small permanent magnet blocks from detaching .

Example 3:

This embodiment provides a magnetic wheel structure of a maglev vehicle, the positional relationship, connection relationship and implementation of the magnetically conductive inner ring 2, hub end cap 3, hard rubber solid tire 6, carbon fiber 7, outer ring 8 and hub 12 Example 1 is the same. Based on the second embodiment, we consider whether the more the permanent magnet blocks are divided, the smaller the quality of the small permanent magnet blocks, the better.

Specifically, as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, each of the permanent magnet blocks in this embodiment is divided into at least five small permanent magnet blocks, the permanent magnet blocks include at least three layers, and at least one layer is axially Divided into at least two permanent magnet small pieces. Fig. 7 is an arrangement of six permanent magnet pieces, a total of three layers, and each layer includes two permanent magnet pieces with different lengths. Fig. 8 is an arrangement of seven small permanent magnet pieces. There are three layers in total. The upper and lower layers respectively include two small permanent magnet pieces, and the middle layer includes three small permanent magnet pieces. The two arrangements in this embodiment further reduce the mass of each small permanent magnet block, thereby reducing the centrifugal force on the small permanent magnet block.

Example 4:

Embodiment 2 In the actual installation process, because the small permanent magnet pieces on one of the layers are relatively large and have strong magnetism, it is inconvenient to install two smaller permanent magnet pieces on the other layer. Embodiment 3 Although the more the permanent magnet blocks are cut, the smaller the quality of the permanent magnet blocks will be, but too much cutting will weaken the magnetic field strength, and the more the permanent magnet blocks are, the more the fixing bolt 1 will become. Many, the permanent magnet block needs to be drilled, which seriously affects the overall magnetic field strength of the annular permanent magnet wheel. Therefore, this embodiment proposes a more reasonable division method of the permanent magnet block.

Specifically, as shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8, each of the permanent magnet blocks in this embodiment is divided into four small permanent magnet blocks, and the permanent magnet block radially includes two layers inside and outside, and each layer is To be divided into two small pieces of the permanent magnet. The magnetization directions of the permanent magnet small pieces are all the same.

The height ratio of the small permanent magnet pieces of the inner layer to the small permanent magnet pieces of the outer layer is 1:1 or 3:4, and the height should be kept evenly divided as much as possible, because when the height of the small permanent magnet pieces of a certain layer is too thin, it will lead to processing difficulty.

The radial sections of four described permanent magnet small pieces are respectively the first permanent magnet piece 4, the second permanent magnet piece 5, the third permanent magnet piece 10, and the fourth permanent magnet piece 11 in a clockwise direction from the lower left corner; The length ratio of the first permanent magnet block 4 to the fourth permanent magnet block 11 is 1:2. The length ratio of the second permanent magnet block 5 and the third permanent magnet block 10 is 2:1. The first permanent magnet block 4 and the third permanent magnet block 10 have the same length; the second permanent magnet block 5 and the fourth permanent magnet block 11 have the same length. If a single magnetic block is too short or too thin, it is not conducive to drilling, and evenly divided can also ensure the total magnetic field strength. Such a pairwise staggered arrangement makes the small permanent magnets interlock with each other to prevent falling off.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Anyone skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention. Should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. A magnetic wheel structure of a magnetic levitation vehicle, comprising:

the permanent magnet blocks are periodically arranged into an annular permanent magnet wheel according to a Halbach array, and each permanent magnet block comprises at least three permanent magnet small blocks which are arranged in a staggered manner; taking the circle center of the annular permanent magnet wheel as the circle center of the permanent magnet, wherein the permanent magnet blocks radially at least comprise an inner layer and an outer layer; the staggered arrangement is that the end faces of at least one side of the adjacent small permanent magnet blocks of different layers of the same permanent magnet block are not on the same plane;

the magnetic conduction inner ring (2), the outer surface of the magnetic conduction inner ring (2) is connected with the surface of the annular permanent magnet wheel inner ring, and the inner surface of the magnetic conduction inner ring (2) is used for being connected with the hub (12);

the inner surface of the outer ring (8) is connected with the outer surface of the annular permanent magnet wheel; and

the outer ring (8) is provided with a hard rubber solid tire (6) on the outer surface.

2. The magnetic wheel structure of a maglev vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: the permanent magnet block comprises three small permanent magnet blocks, and comprises an inner layer and an outer layer, wherein one layer is axially divided into two small permanent magnet blocks.

3. The magnetic wheel structure of a maglev vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: the permanent magnet blocks comprise four small permanent magnet blocks, each permanent magnet block comprises an inner layer and an outer layer, and each layer is axially divided into two small permanent magnet blocks.

4. A magnetic wheel structure of a maglev vehicle according to claim 3 wherein: the heights of the permanent magnet small blocks of the inner layer and the permanent magnet small blocks of the outer layer are different.

5. A magnetic wheel structure of a maglev vehicle according to claim 3 wherein: the two small permanent magnet blocks positioned in the inner layer are a first permanent magnet block (4) and a fourth permanent magnet block (11), and the lengths of the first permanent magnet block (4) and the fourth permanent magnet block (11) are different.

6. A magnetic wheel structure of a maglev vehicle according to claim 3 wherein: the two small permanent magnet blocks positioned on the outer layer are a second permanent magnet block (5) and a third permanent magnet block (10), and the lengths of the second permanent magnet block (5) and the third permanent magnet block (10) are different.

7. A magnetic wheel structure of a maglev vehicle according to claim 3 wherein: the radial sections of the four small permanent magnet blocks are respectively a first permanent magnet block (4), a second permanent magnet block (5), a third permanent magnet block (10) and a fourth permanent magnet block (11) from the lower left corner in the clockwise direction; the lengths of the first permanent magnet block (4) and the fourth permanent magnet block (11) are different, and the lengths of the second permanent magnet block (5) and the third permanent magnet block (10) are different; the lengths of the first permanent magnet block (4) and the third permanent magnet block (10) are the same; the lengths of the second permanent magnet block (5) and the fourth permanent magnet block (11) are the same.

8. The magnetic wheel structure of a maglev vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: the permanent magnet blocks comprise at least five small permanent magnet blocks, each small permanent magnet block comprises at least three layers, and at least one layer is axially divided into at least two small permanent magnet blocks.

9. The magnetic wheel structure of a maglev vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: the magnetization directions of all the permanent magnet small blocks are the same.

10. The magnetic wheel structure of a maglev vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: carbon fiber (7) is also arranged between the outer ring (8) and the hard rubber solid tire (6) _。

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