CN115873453B - 一种低滑动摩擦系数自润滑性tpv材料及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents
一种低滑动摩擦系数自润滑性tpv材料及其制备方法与应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种低滑动摩擦系数自润滑性TPV材料及其制备方法与应用，将TPV基材、添加剂、助剂熔融混合，得到低滑动摩擦系数自润滑性TPV材料；添加剂为聚乙烯、苯基硅橡胶以及二硫化钼；将上述低滑动摩擦系数自润滑性TPV材料与密封条素材复合，得到低滑动摩擦系数自润滑性TPV密封条。本发明中，以TPV基材、添加剂的质量和为100%，其中TPV基材的质量百分数为55～75%，优选60～70%，添加剂为余量，该材料的加工性能优异，外观细腻光滑，且材料的表面能低，材料的耐高温性好，具有较低的滑动摩擦系数及自润滑性，提高耐摩擦性能，提高密封条产品的耐久性。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于复合材料技术，涉及汽车密封材料，具体为一种低滑动摩擦系数自润滑性TPV材料及其制备方法与应用。
背景技术
目前汽车密封条零部件与汽车玻璃相互紧密配合，在玻璃升降的过程中，密封条与玻璃需要过盈配合将玻璃上的水挡住不流入钣金内部，对车身钣金形成保护。汽车密封条上使用的TPV弹性体材料因玻璃化转变温度低（通常-40℃以下），在常温下显橡胶态，对贴合的玻璃在产生相对运动时形成拖滞力，影响汽车密封条产品的耐久性同时玻璃运动时造成异响。当前在汽车密封条设计时，将与玻璃相互接触的部位通过共挤一层涂层，对汽车零部件进行保护，提升耐久性，同时解决摩擦时产生的异响问题。现有涂层材料以自润滑改性助剂为功能材料，存在成本相对较高、加工困难的问题，最主要的，现有涂层造成外观存在较多缺陷（表面严重颗粒不均匀，外观粗糙，难塑化等），导致汽车厂降级使用。
发明内容
本发明公开了一种新的汽车密封条涂层材料，与密封条素材具有较好的相容性，该材料的加工性能优异，外观细腻光滑，且材料的表面能低，材料的耐高温性好，具有较低的滑动摩擦系数及自润滑性，提高耐摩擦性能，提高密封条产品的耐久性。
本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种低滑动摩擦系数自润滑性TPV材料的制备方法，将TPV基材、添加剂、助剂熔融混合，得到低滑动摩擦系数自润滑性TPV材料；添加剂为聚乙烯、苯基硅橡胶以及二硫化钼。
本发明公开了一种低滑动摩擦系数自润滑性TPV密封条的制备方法，将上述低滑动摩擦系数自润滑性TPV材料与密封条素材复合，得到低滑动摩擦系数自润滑性TPV密封条。密封条素材优选为TPV密封条。
本发明中，以TPV基材、添加剂的质量和为100%，其中TPV基材的质量百分数为55～75%，优选60～70%比如60～65%，添加剂为余量；助剂的质量百分数为TPV基材、添加剂质量和的2～6%，优选3～5%，比如4%。优选的，添加剂中，聚乙烯、苯基硅橡胶、二硫化钼的质量比为（3～4）∶（2～3）∶1。
本发明中，TPV基材为热塑性动态硫化弹性体，为素材，邵氏D硬度30D～60D，熔融指数0.1～10g/10min（230℃，5kg条件）。
本发明以聚乙烯、苯基硅橡胶、二硫化钼三者的配合体系改性TPV素材，其中聚乙烯的熔融指数为0.01～1g/10min（190℃，2.16kg）；苯基硅橡胶的苯基含量在30%，以二氧化硅为填充剂；二硫化钼的粒径为0.1μm～2μm。
本发明中，助剂包括抗氧剂、抗紫外剂、润滑剂以及炭黑色母，都为现有技术。
本发明中，采用挤出机将TPV基材、添加剂、助剂熔融混合，得到产品。比如，所用双螺杆挤出机的直径可以是30-75mm，转速可以是300-1200RPM，温度可以是170-210℃，加工成型造粒。
本发明公开了上述低滑动摩擦系数自润滑性TPV材料在制备低滑动摩擦系数自润滑性涂层中的应用；或者上述低滑动摩擦系数自润滑性TPV材料、低滑动摩擦系数自润滑性TPV密封条在制备密封材料尤其是汽车密封材料特别是汽车车窗密封材料中的应用。
现有技术主要以日本及美国材料为主，都以耐磨耗助剂为功能改性剂，最明显的缺陷是产品的外观存在较多缺陷，且成本超高。本发明在TPV基材中加入添加剂，采用连续双螺杆挤出机进行混合的工艺制备了一种具有低滑动摩擦系数和自润滑性的材料，可用做汽车密封条上与玻璃接触部位的涂层材料使用，所选添加剂聚乙烯为非超高分子量聚乙烯材料，方便加工，与苯基硅橡胶材料及二硫化钼进行搭配，挤出级TPV基材使该材料与密封条素材具有较好的相容性，该材料的加工性能优异，外观细腻光滑，添加剂的加入，能够使得材料的表面能降低，提高材料的耐高温性，具有较低的滑动摩擦系数及自润滑性，提高耐摩擦性能，提高密封条产品的耐久性。
附图说明
图1为部分产品耐磨耗性测试结果；
图2为部分产品挤出试片实物照片。
具体实施方式
本发明涉及的原料都是市售产品，具体制备操作以及测试方法为常规技术。
TPV基材为热塑性动态硫化弹性体（PP/EPDM），为素材，其中TPV基材（30D）的熔融指数1.2g/10min（230℃，5kg条件），TPV基材（50D）的熔融指数1.1g/10min（230℃，5kg条件）；超高分子量聚乙烯为日本三井XM221U；聚乙烯（PE）为中石化5000S；苯基硅橡胶为艾越塔IOTA120；二硫化钼的粒径为0.5μm～1μm；加工助剂由抗氧剂1010（0.2%）、抗UV剂UV234（0.2%）、润滑剂（韩国信元化学EBS，0.6%）及色母粒（3%）组成，助剂的质量百分数以TPV基材、添加剂质量和为基数，色母粒为炭黑色预分散母粒，其中炭黑重量浓度为55%，载体为PETs，具有优异的分散性，炭黑的原生粒径为10～100nm。
实施例
单独二硫化钼不适用，用量低于10份时，摩擦性能不合格，高了挤出片外观不合格；单独苯基硅橡胶不适用，无论如何调配，耐磨性一直NG；将第9组中的聚乙烯、苯基硅橡胶用量调换，得到的产品滑动摩擦系数也不合格。
目前市面上的同类产品通常硬度50D，耐磨性能OK的话，挤出试片外观存在颗粒，性能最好的进口产品，熔指7-8，挤出试片也存在轻微颗粒。
根据表1，所用材料通过失重式计量秤将各组份精确计量加入到双螺杆挤出机内塑化并熔融混合均匀，各喂料精度在0.5%以内；所用双螺杆挤出机直径50mm，转速800RPM，温度170-210℃，加工成型造粒，得到产品TPV材料。
材料的测试方法：
熔融指数：按照ISO 1133，230℃，5kg，要求4-8g/10min。除了第10组，其余都在4-7g/10min。
将实施例或者对比例的TPV材料挤出成型，得到片材，进行邵氏硬度、耐磨耗性、滑动摩擦系数测试：
邵氏硬度：按照ISO 868, 15s读数，邵氏D，要求30D-60D；
耐磨耗性：按照汽车厂的试验大纲要求，石英玻璃磨头，载荷2kg，100000次往复，不出现发白现象和磨损现象为OK，反之NG；图1为组2（1#）、市售国产同类产品（2#）、组8（3#）的测试结果。本发明产品不仅外观合格，而且耐磨性好，现有产品外观合格但是耐磨性稍差，二硫化钼/聚乙烯改性组分虽然润滑性能好但是外观偏差且耐磨性也不合格，
滑动摩擦系数按照TSM1707G2018，速率100nn/min，负载9.8N：要求与石英玻璃片相比，滑动摩擦系数0.4以下。
观察上述实施例或者对比例的TPV材料挤出成型片材的外观，结果见表1，很多组别在单独TPV材料挤出成型后，外观都存在颗粒，若与TPV密封条共挤出而作为涂层，则外观缺陷更明显；本发明组别1-3得到的TPV材料与TPV密封条共挤出得到低滑动摩擦系数自润滑性TPV密封条的外观平滑，未见颗粒，符合高等级密封条的要求，参见图2。
从测试结果看，本发明可满足密封条产品耐久性及外观要求；工艺流程简单，原材料方便获取，成本低。
现有技术存在耐磨TPV作为密封条的报道或者产品，但是作为车窗密封条，这些TPV材料磨损大，造成异响，本发明涂层是解决该问题的好办法，而且相对于植绒，涂层厚度薄。涂层是通过共挤出方式，将上述TPV材料复合到密封条表面，在密封条表面形成保护膜，具有耐磨、光滑、低摩擦功能，同时在外观、遮盖密封条表面缺陷方面也有作用。
Claims (8)
1.一种低滑动摩擦系数自润滑性TPV材料的制备方法，其特征在于，将TPV基材、添加剂、助剂熔融混合，得到低滑动摩擦系数自润滑性TPV材料；以TPV基材、添加剂的质量和为100%，其中TPV基材的质量百分数为55～75%，添加剂为余量；添加剂为聚乙烯、苯基硅橡胶以及二硫化钼；聚乙烯的熔融指数为0.01～1g/10min；添加剂中，聚乙烯、苯基硅橡胶、二硫化钼的质量比为（3～4）∶（2～3）∶1；所选聚乙烯为非超高分子量聚乙烯材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述低滑动摩擦系数自润滑性TPV材料的制备方法，其特征在于，采用挤出机将TPV基材、添加剂、助剂熔融混合。
3.根据权利要求1所述低滑动摩擦系数自润滑性TPV材料的制备方法，其特征在于，助剂的质量百分数为TPV基材、添加剂质量和的2～6%。
4.根据权利要求1所述低滑动摩擦系数自润滑性TPV材料的制备方法，其特征在于，苯基硅橡胶的苯基含量在30%，以二氧化硅为填充剂；二硫化钼的粒径为0.1μm～2μm。
5.根据权利要求1所述低滑动摩擦系数自润滑性TPV材料的制备方法制备的低滑动摩擦系数自润滑性TPV材料。
6.一种低滑动摩擦系数自润滑性TPV密封条的制备方法，将权利要求5所述低滑动摩擦系数自润滑性TPV材料与密封条素材复合，得到低滑动摩擦系数自润滑性TPV密封条。
7.权利要求5所述低滑动摩擦系数自润滑性TPV材料在制备低滑动摩擦系数自润滑性涂层中的应用。
8.权利要求5所述低滑动摩擦系数自润滑性TPV材料或者权利要求6所述低滑动摩擦系数自润滑性TPV密封条在制备密封材料中的应用。
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