CN115777278A - Method for accelerating germination of southwest married-couple seeds and application thereof - Google Patents
Method for accelerating germination of southwest married-couple seeds and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 81
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for accelerating germination of seeds married on a south-west scale and application thereof. The method for accelerating germination of the seeds of the southwest married couple is characterized by comprising the steps of seed collection, pretreatment and accelerating germination, and specifically comprises the following steps: seed collection: collecting seeds from 10 to 11 in the middle of the month; disinfecting the surface of the collected southwest married-couple seeds; filling the seeds with the surface sterilized on the south-west married couple into a mesh bag with the aperture of 30-50 meshes; placing the germination accelerating container in an environment with the temperature of minus 20 to 15 ℃ for accelerating germination, wherein the time for accelerating germination is from 12 to 5 ten days of the next year; taking out seeds for sowing in the last ten days of month 5; during the period, the water content of the germination accelerating matrix is kept to be 40-60%. The emergence rate of the seeds of the married couple on the side slope after the germination accelerating treatment is 65.4 percent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological environment, and particularly relates to a method for accelerating germination of southwest married-couple seeds and application thereof.
Background
Xinan iris (root of Iris florida) ((Iris bulleyana) The iris perennial root herbaceous flower is distributed in Sichuan, yunnan and Tibet of China, is naturally distributed on hilly grassland with the elevation of 2300-3500m or wetland beside a stream, and is often an advantageous population in alpine regions. The southwest iris plants are graceful and have peculiar flower types, and the flower colors are light blue to blue-violet, so that the southwest iris plants are wild flowers with high ornamental value; the ecological slope protection fertilizer has developed root system, strong slope protection capability, cold resistance and cold resistance, is an excellent species for ecological restoration of the slope in the alpine mountain area, and has great introduction and development potential. However, the iris occidentalis seeds have dormancy habit, the iris occidentalis seeds can germinate only in the next year after being directly sown, and the germination rate is extremely low, the existing research results show that the seed coats of the south-west married couple have good water permeability, the seed coats are not the main reasons for preventing the germination of the south-west married couple, and the hard endosperm prevention can cause that water is difficult to enter the seeds, so that the moisture is difficult to enter the seedsResulting in low seed germination. Great difficulty is caused to the seedling culture and ecological restoration work. In the past years, the change of the ecological environment of a mining area caused by the development of mineral resources greatly influences the sustainable development of the local area, restricts the sustainable development of the mining industry, and the ecological restoration of the mining area needs to be solved urgently, so that the development of a method for solving the technical problem is necessary.
Disclosure of Invention
The first purpose of the invention is to provide a method for accelerating germination of seeds married in the south of the west; the second purpose of the invention is to provide application of the method for accelerating germination of the south-west married-couple seeds.
The first purpose of the invention is realized by the steps of seed collection, pretreatment and pregermination treatment, which specifically comprises the following steps:
A. seed collection: collecting seeds from 10 to 11 months;
B. pretreatment: disinfecting the surfaces of the collected southwest married-couple seeds;
C. accelerating germination:
1) Filling the southwest married-couple seeds with the surfaces disinfected into a mesh bag with the aperture of 30-50 meshes;
2) Laying a moisturizing layer at the bottom of a germination accelerating container, laying a germination accelerating matrix of 3-4cm on the moisturizing layer, then laying a mesh bag filled with seeds with the tail of the southwest China in a flat manner on the germination accelerating matrix, laying a germination accelerating matrix of 3-4cm on the mesh bag, and repeating the steps, wherein the pressure of seeds at the bottom layer is controlled to be 80-100N, and the pressure of seeds at the surface layer is controlled to be 20-30N; a moisture-keeping layer is laid on the uppermost layer; then, placing the germination accelerating container in an environment with the temperature of minus 20 to 15 ℃ for accelerating germination, wherein the time for accelerating germination is from 12 to 5 months of the next year; taking out seeds for sowing in the last ten days of the month 5; during the period, the water content of the germination accelerating matrix is kept to be 40-60%.
The specific operation is as follows:
seed collection: and (4) collecting seeds from 10 to 11 in the middle of the month, selecting healthy stock plants, and timely collecting fruits when the pods change from green to yellow brown. The harvested pods are placed in the sun and dried until the pods crack, the seeds are taken out, impurities and empty, flat and damaged seeds are removed, and then the seeds which are full and have the purity of more than 90% are obtained, packaged and sealed by a valve bag and placed in a cool and dry place for later use.
Preparing a germination accelerating matrix: local materials are used, and fine river sand is used as a germination accelerating matrix.
The fine river sand is local fine river sand of Shangri-La, namely the fine river sand is used by local materials.
Seed disinfection: the prepared seeds are placed in KMnO4 water solution with the mass concentration of 0.3% -0.5% to be soaked so as to achieve the effect of disinfecting the surfaces of the seeds, the volume of the KMnO4 water solution is equal to that of submerging the seeds, and the seeds are taken out after being soaked for 30min and then the surface moisture of the seeds is dried.
Accelerating germination: a paper box is used as a container, a polyethylene film with the thickness of 0.4mm is laid on the inner surface of the paper box, a layer of fine river sand with the thickness of 3-4cm is laid on the polyethylene film on the bottom of the box, the fine river sand is watered and moistened in advance, and the water content is 40% -60%. Putting the surface-sterilized Iris pallida seeds into a nylon mesh bag of 40 meshes, tightening the opening, flatly paving the nylon mesh bag filled with the seeds on fine river sand, paving a layer of fine river sand with the thickness of 3-4cm on the nylon mesh bag, repeating the steps, namely, one layer of seeds and one layer of river sand, completely burying the seeds in the fine river sand, burying 4-5 layers of seeds in each carton, covering a polyethylene film on the uppermost layer for moisture preservation, and pricking a plurality of small holes on the film by toothpicks for ventilation. The paper box with the buried seeds is placed under the eave to keep out the rain and is subjected to a natural temperature changing process, the paper box is opened every 30 days to check the humidity of river sand, if the river sand becomes dry, a spraying pot needs to be used for watering in a proper amount, and the water content is kept to be 40% -60%. The environment for placing the seeds is a place with an altitude of 3000 to 4000 meters in Shangri-La city. The average low temperature of the coldest month is-7 ℃, and the average high temperature is 6 ℃. Accelerating germination is started in 1 day of 12 months, and seeds are taken out and sowed at the beginning of 5 months in the next year.
The second purpose of the invention is realized by the application of the method for accelerating germination of the southwest married-tongue seeds in ecological restoration of mines.
The specific operation is as follows:
slope greening seeding: and at the beginning of 5 months in the next year, when about 10 percent of the buried seeds sprout and are white, taking out all the buried seeds for sowing. And (4) sowing the germinated seeds on the slope to be greened by using a portable fertilizer applicator. The seeding rate is controlled by adjusting the outlet of the fertilizer applicator, the seeding rate of each hole is about 5-8 grains, each square meter is seeded with 25 holes, and the seeding rate is 125-200 grains/square meter (average 162.5 grains). After sowing, covering the non-woven fabric for moisture preservation, and removing the non-woven fabric after 60 days.
The slope greening effect is as follows: the rate of emergence was counted after 4 months of sowing, with 65.4% for sowing on the slopes after pregermination and 12.7% for sowing directly on the slopes without pregermination. The sowing effect after pregermination is obviously superior to the effect of direct sowing without pregermination. Statistics of emergence rate: randomly dividing 5 sample squares of 1 meter by 1 meter, and counting the number of seedlings emerging from the sample squares, wherein the rate of emergence = number of seedlings/number of seeds. The average of the emergence rates of 5 samples was calculated as the emergence rate of the test plot.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to be limiting in any way, and any modifications or alterations based on the teachings of the present invention are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
The invention discloses a method for accelerating germination of seeds with a tail on a southwest, which is characterized by comprising the steps of seed collection, pretreatment and accelerating germination, and specifically comprises the following steps:
A. seed collection: collecting seeds from 10 to 11 in the middle of the month;
B. pretreatment: disinfecting the surface of the collected southwest married-couple seeds;
C. accelerating germination:
1) Filling the southwest married-couple seeds with the surfaces disinfected into a mesh bag with the aperture of 30-50 meshes;
2) Laying a moisturizing layer at the bottom of a germination accelerating container, laying a germination accelerating matrix of 3-4cm on the moisturizing layer, then laying a mesh bag filled with seeds with the tail of the southwest China in a flat manner on the germination accelerating matrix, laying a germination accelerating matrix of 3-4cm on the mesh bag, and repeating the steps, wherein the pressure of seeds at the bottom layer is controlled to be 80-100N, and the pressure of seeds at the surface layer is controlled to be 20-30N; a moisture-keeping layer is laid on the uppermost layer; then, placing the germination accelerating container in an environment with the temperature of minus 20 to 15 ℃ for accelerating germination, wherein the time for accelerating germination is from 12 to 5 months of the next year; taking out seeds for sowing in the last ten days of month 5; and keeping the water content of the germination accelerating matrix at 40-60% in the period.
And B, the seed collection in the step A is to select a healthy stock plant, collect the pod when the pod is changed from green to yellow brown, dry the harvested pod until the pod cracks, take out the seeds, and pick and obtain the full southwest married-couple seeds with the purity of more than 90 percent.
And B, surface disinfection in the step B, namely, putting the seeds with the south-west married couple into a KMnO4 aqueous solution, and soaking for 20 to 40min.
The mass concentration of the KMnO4 aqueous solution is 0.3-0.5%.
And C, the mesh bag in the step C is a nylon mesh bag.
And C, selecting a polyethylene film with the thickness of 0.3-0.5 mm as the moisture-preserving layer.
And C, the germination accelerating matrix is river sand with the granularity of 0.2-0.5 mm.
The application of the method for accelerating germination of the southwest married-part seeds is the application of the method for accelerating germination of the southwest married-part seeds in ecological restoration of mines.
The method for restoring the mine ecology is that at the beginning of 5 months in the next year, southwestern lush seeds obtained by germination accelerating treatment with a method for germination accelerating of southwestern lush seeds are sown, 20 to 30 holes are sown per square meter according to 5 to 8 sowing quantities per hole, a moisturizing layer is covered after sowing is finished for moisturizing, and the moisturizing layer is removed after 60 days.
The moisture-keeping layer is made of non-woven fabrics for moisture keeping.
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples:
and (4) collecting seeds from 10 to 11 in the middle of the month, selecting healthy stock plants, and timely collecting fruits when the pods change from green to yellow brown. The harvested pods are placed in the sun to be dried until the pods crack, the seeds are taken out, impurities and empty, shrunken and damaged seeds are removed, and then the seeds which are full and have the purity of more than 90% are obtained, packaged and sealed by a self-sealing bag and placed in a cool and dry place for use in the following embodiments.
Comparative example 1
Sowing the seeds of the southwest married couple in a conventional mode, counting the emergence rate 4 months after sowing, and carrying out 5 groups of tests in parallel, wherein the emergence rate statistical data are as follows:
| number of sample | Number of emerged seedlings | Seeding number (grain) | The rate of emergence% |
| 1 | 22 | 162.5 | 13.5 |
| 2 | 29 | 162.5 | 17.8 |
| 3 | 17 | 162.5 | 10.5 |
| 4 | 20 | 162.5 | 12.3 |
| 5 | 15 | 162.5 | 9.2 |
| Mean number of | 12.7 |
。
Example 1
In the place with the altitude of 3010 meters in Shangri-La city, fine river sand is used as a germination accelerating substrate; and (3) placing the collected southwest married-couple seeds in a KMnO4 aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 0.3% for soaking for 40min, taking out the seeds, and airing the surface moisture. Laying a layer of 0.3mm polyethylene film as a moisturizing layer at the bottom of a germination container (carton), laying a layer of 3cm fine river sand with local granularity of Shangrila of 0.2mm as a germination substrate on the moisturizing layer, then laying a layer of 3cm fine river sand as a germination substrate on a nylon mesh bag with the West south-married tail seeds, laying a layer of 3cm fine river sand as a germination substrate on the nylon mesh bag with the West south-married tail seeds, and so on, controlling the pressure of seeds at the bottom layer to be 80N and the pressure of seeds at the surface layer to be 20N; controlling the number of the seed layers to be 4, and laying a polyethylene film layer with the thickness of 0.3mm as a moisture retention layer on the uppermost layer; then, placing the germination accelerating container in an environment with the temperature of minus 15 to 12 ℃ for accelerating germination to obtain southwest lush tail seeds after accelerating germination of the target object, wherein the accelerating germination time is from 12 ten days before the month to 5 ten days before the next month; taking out seeds for sowing in the last ten days of the month 5; and keeping the water content of the germination accelerating matrix at 40-60% in the period.
Example 2
In the place with the altitude of 4008 m in Shangri-La city, fine river sand is used as a germination accelerating substrate; and (3) placing the collected southwest married-couple seeds in a KMnO4 aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 0.5%, soaking for 20min, taking out the seeds, and airing the surface moisture. Laying a layer of 0.5mm polyethylene film as a moisturizing layer at the bottom of a germination container (carton), laying a layer of 4cm fine river sand with local granularity of Shangrila of 0.5mm as a germination substrate on the moisturizing layer, then laying a layer of 4cm fine river sand as a germination substrate on a nylon mesh bag with the West south-married tail seeds, laying a layer of 4cm fine river sand as a germination substrate on the nylon mesh bag with the West south-married tail seeds, and so on, controlling the pressure of seeds at the bottom layer to be 100N and the pressure of seeds at the surface layer to be 30N; namely, the number of the seed layers is controlled to be 5, and a polyethylene film with the thickness of 0.5mm is paved on the uppermost layer to be used as a moisture retention layer; then, placing the germination accelerating container in an environment with the temperature ranging from minus 20 to 10 ℃ for accelerating germination to obtain southwest married couple seeds after accelerating germination of the target object, wherein the accelerating germination time is from 12 ten days to 5 ten days of the next year; taking out seeds for sowing in the last ten days of month 5; and keeping the water content of the germination accelerating matrix at 40-60% in the period.
Example 3
In the Shangrila city at an elevation of 3508 m, fine river sand is used as a germination accelerating substrate; and (3) placing the collected southwest married-couple seeds in a KMnO4 aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 0.4% for soaking for 30min, taking out the seeds, and airing the surface moisture. Laying a layer of 0.4mm polyethylene film as a moisturizing layer at the bottom of a germination container (carton), laying a layer of 3.5cm fine river sand with a Shangri-La local granularity of 0.4mm as a germination substrate on the moisturizing layer, then laying a layer of 3.5cm fine river sand as a germination substrate on the nylon mesh bag with the southwest married-tail seeds, and so on, controlling the pressure of the seeds at the bottom layer to be 90N and the pressure of the seeds at the surface layer to be 25N; controlling the number of the seed layers to be 4, and laying a polyethylene film layer with the thickness of 0.4mm as a moisture retention layer on the uppermost layer; then, placing the germination accelerating container in an environment with the temperature ranging from minus 10 to 15 ℃ for accelerating germination to obtain southwest married couple seeds after accelerating germination of the target object, wherein the accelerating germination time is from 12 ten days to 5 ten days of the next year; taking out seeds for sowing in the last ten days of month 5; during the period, the water content of the germination accelerating matrix is kept to be 40-60%.
Example 4
In the Shangri-La city place with an altitude of 3450 m, fine river sand is used as a germination accelerating substrate; and (3) placing the collected southwest married-couple seeds in a KMnO4 aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 0.3% for soaking for 35min, taking out the seeds, and airing the surface moisture. Firstly, laying a layer of 0.38mm polyethylene film as a moisturizing layer at the bottom of a germination container (carton), laying a layer of 3.3cm fine river sand with Shangri La local granularity of 0.3mm as a germination substrate on the moisturizing layer, then laying a layer of 3.3cm fine river sand as a germination substrate on a nylon mesh bag with the southwest married-in-the-south seed, and laying a layer of 3.3cm fine river sand as a germination substrate on the nylon mesh bag with the southwest married-in-the-south seed, and so on, controlling the pressure of the bottom-layer seed at 95N and the pressure of the surface-layer seed at 27N; controlling the number of the seed layers to be 5, and laying a polyethylene film layer with the thickness of 0.38mm as a moisture retention layer on the uppermost layer; then, placing the germination accelerating container in an environment with the temperature of minus 7 to 8 ℃ for accelerating germination to obtain southwest lush tail seeds after accelerating germination of the target object, wherein the accelerating germination time is from 12 ten days to 5 ten days of the next year; taking out seeds for sowing in the last ten days of month 5; during the period, the water content of the germination accelerating matrix is kept to be 40-60%.
Example 5
In a place with an altitude of 3684 meters in Shangri-La city, fine river sand is used as a germination accelerating substrate; and (3) placing the collected southwest married-couple seeds in a KMnO4 aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 0.45%, soaking for 22min, taking out the seeds, and airing the surface moisture. Firstly, laying a layer of 0.38mm polyethylene film as a moisturizing layer at the bottom of a germination container (carton), laying a layer of 3.6cm fine river sand with Shangri La local granularity of 0.4mm as a germination substrate on the moisturizing layer, then laying a layer of 3.6cm fine river sand as a germination substrate on a nylon mesh bag with the southwest married-tail seeds, laying a layer of 3.6cm fine river sand as a germination substrate on the nylon mesh bag with the southwest married-tail seeds, and so on, controlling the pressure of seeds at the bottom layer at 94N and the pressure of seeds at the surface layer at 20N; namely, the number of the seed layers is controlled to be 5, and a polyethylene film with the thickness of 0.38mm is paved on the uppermost layer to be used as a moisture retention layer; then, placing the germination accelerating container in an environment with the temperature ranging from minus 6 to 6 ℃ for accelerating germination to obtain southwest married couple seeds after accelerating germination of the target object, wherein the accelerating germination time is from 12 ten days to 5 ten days of the next year; taking out seeds for sowing in the last ten days of the month 5; and keeping the water content of the germination accelerating matrix at 40-60% in the period.
Example 6
Sowing seeds of the southwest married couple after pregermination treatment in the embodiments 1-5 respectively, and counting the emergence rate 4 months after sowing, wherein the emergence rate is counted in 5 groups of experiments, and the statistical data of the emergence rate are as follows:
| number of sample | Number of emerged seedlings (plant) | Seed number (grain) | Percentage of emergence% |
| 1 | 97 | 162.5 | 59.7 |
| 2 | 105 | 162.5 | 64.6 |
| 3 | 127 | 162.5 | 78.2 |
| 4 | 109 | 162.5 | 67.1 |
| 5 | 93 | 162.5 | 57.2 |
| Average number | 65.4 |
。
As can be seen from the examples and comparative examples, the average rate of emergence of the southwest married-couple seeds after germination acceleration treatment of the invention when sowed on the side slope is 65.4%, and the average rate of emergence of southwest married-couple seeds without germination acceleration treatment of the invention when sowed directly on the side slope is 12.7%.
Claims (10)
1. A method for accelerating germination of southwest married-couple seeds is characterized by comprising the steps of seed collection, pretreatment and accelerating germination treatment, and specifically comprises the following steps:
A. seed collection: collecting seeds from 10 to 11 in the middle of the month;
B. pretreatment: disinfecting the surface of the collected southwest married-couple seeds;
C. accelerating germination:
1) Filling the seeds with the surface sterilized on the south-west married couple into a mesh bag with the aperture of 30-50 meshes;
2) Laying a moisturizing layer at the bottom of a germination accelerating container, laying a germination accelerating matrix of 3-4cm on the moisturizing layer, then laying a mesh bag filled with seeds with the tail of the southwest China in a flat manner on the germination accelerating matrix, laying a germination accelerating matrix of 3-4cm on the mesh bag, and repeating the steps, wherein the pressure of seeds at the bottom layer is controlled to be 80-100N, and the pressure of seeds at the surface layer is controlled to be 20-30N; a moisture-keeping layer is laid on the uppermost layer; then, placing the germination accelerating container in an environment with the temperature of minus 20 to 15 ℃ for accelerating germination, wherein the time for accelerating germination is from 12 to 5 months of the next year; taking out seeds for sowing in the last ten days of month 5; during the period, the water content of the germination accelerating matrix is kept to be 40-60%.
2. The method for accelerating germination of seeds of married-on-a-south america according to claim 1, wherein said collecting of seeds in step a is selecting healthy stock plants, collecting when the pods turn yellow brown from green, drying the harvested pods to crack, taking out the seeds, and picking up the seeds of married-on-a-south america with a degree of fullness and cleanliness higher than 90%.
3. The method for pregermination of southwest-married seed as claimed in claim 1, wherein the surface disinfection in step B is placing southwest-married seed in KMnO 4 Soaking in the aqueous solution for 20 to 40min.
4. The method for pregermination of seeds on a south-west barrier as claimed in claim 3, wherein the KMnO is KMnO 4 The mass concentration of the aqueous solution is 0.3 to 0.5 percent.
5. The method for accelerating germination of south-west married seeds of claim 1, wherein said mesh bag in step C is a nylon mesh bag.
6. The method for accelerating germination of seeds of married-on-a-south China as claimed in claim 1, wherein the moisture-keeping layer in step C is polyethylene film with a thickness of 0.3 to 0.5 mm.
7. The method for accelerating germination of seeds of married-on-a-south China as claimed in claim 1, wherein the germination accelerating matrix in step C is river sand with a particle size of 0.2 to 0.5 mm.
8. The application of the method for accelerating germination of the seeds of the married southwest as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, which is characterized in that the method for accelerating germination of the seeds of the married southwest is applied to ecological restoration of mines.
9. The application of the method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the method is used for mine ecological restoration, seeds of the luan-south-west-south-luan obtained by accelerating germination by a method for accelerating germination of the luan-south-luan seeds are sown at the beginning of 5 months of the next year, the sowing amount is 5-8 seeds per hole, 20-30 holes are sown per square meter, a moisturizing layer is covered after sowing, and the moisturizing layer is removed after 60 days.
10. The use of claim 9, wherein the moisturizing layer is selected from a nonwoven fabric for moisturizing.
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| CN112020933A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2020-12-04 | 昭通市农业科学院 | Method for layering fritillaria cirrhosa seeds |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105684595A (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2016-06-22 | 河北省林业科学研究院 | Method for breaking dormancy of hybrid seeds of bearded iris |
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