CN115772488B - 一种产河鲀毒素的脱色希瓦氏菌及其应用 - Google Patents
一种产河鲀毒素的脱色希瓦氏菌及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种产河鲀毒素的脱色希瓦氏菌及其应用,属于药用微生物开发和利用的领域,所述菌株为脱色希瓦氏菌S3‑4(Shewanella decolorationis S3‑4),于2022年03月28日保藏于中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心,保藏编号CGMCC No.24602。所述菌株能分泌与河鲀来源的河鲀毒素一样的物质。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于药用微生物开发和利用的领域,具体地涉及一种产河鲀毒素的脱色希瓦氏菌及其应用。
背景技术
河鲀毒素(tetradotoxin,简写为TTX)系小分子量非蛋白质神经毒素,中毒潜伏期短,死亡率高,毒素吸收后迅速作用于末梢神经和中枢神经系统,特异性阻断神经细胞细胞膜上的电压门控钠离子通道,使神经传导产生障碍,麻痹感觉神经以及运动神经,严重者脑干麻痹导致呼吸循环衰竭。河鲀的表皮、内脏、血液、睾丸、卵巢、肝、脾、眼球等不同组织中含有河鲀毒素。
由于河鲀毒素可特异性阻断电压门钠离子通道的特性,使得河鲀毒素可潜在地作为阵痛、麻醉、戒毒、美容等的药品,临床上TTX常被用于镇痛、降压、抗心律失常、局麻、戒毒及抑瘤等疾病的治疗。但是人工合成河鲀毒素成本非常昂贵,目前河鲀毒素提取的原材料大多来源于野生河鲀的内脏组织,但是野生河鲀数量有限,提取困难,并且扑杀野生河鲀会破坏河鲀的天然资源。
随着对河鲀毒素的深入研究,河鲀毒素的“外源性起源说”被不断证实,大多数研究者认为,河鲀体内的TTX是受食物链及其体内的微生物共同作用的结果。国内已有研究者从红鳍东方鲀和暗纹东方鲀的肝脏及性腺中分离出能产河鲀毒素的细菌报道,且已明确从红鳍东方鲀和暗纹东方鲀组织中分离的产河鲀毒素的气单胞菌,所产生的河鲀毒素与河鲀体内提取的河鲀毒素为同一种物质。
尽管国内已经有相关产河鲀毒素微生物的研究,但对于大规模工业化生产来说,可供选择的微生物及其培养方法极其有限,这严重限制了工业化生产河鲀毒素的发展。
发明内容
本发明针对河鲀毒素工业化生产的限制,提供一种从野生弓斑东方鲀(
Takifugu
ocellatus)肝脏、卵巢和肠道中分离出的能产河鲀毒素的脱色希瓦氏菌S3-4(
Shewanella
decolorationis S3-4),所述脱色希瓦氏菌S3-4(
Shewanella decolorationis S3-4)能够分泌河鲀毒素。
本发明是通过如下技术方案来实现的:
一种产河鲀毒素的脱色希瓦氏菌,所述菌株为S3-4,分类命名为脱色希瓦氏菌
Shewanella decolorationis ,于2022年03月28日保藏于中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心,保藏编号CGMCCNo.24602。
本发明还提供利用所述脱色希瓦氏菌生产河鲀毒素的方法,将脱色希瓦氏菌S3-4接种LB液体培养基中;28℃下,200转/分钟,培养2-3天。
进一步,LB液体培养基的组成成分及终浓度为胰蛋白胨10.0 g/L,酵母浸粉5.0g/L,氯化钠10.0 g/L,在LB液体培养基中发酵培养获得脱色希瓦氏菌S3-4的菌体,将菌体破碎、分离、纯化,获得河鲀毒素。
本发明与现有技术相比的有益效果:
本发明所提供的细菌脱色希瓦氏菌S3-4(
Shewanella decolorationis S3-4)能分泌与河鲀来源的河鲀毒素一样的物质。
附图说明
图1为脱色希瓦氏菌S3-4(
Shewanella decolorationis S3-4)细菌全长16SrDNA的细菌鉴定图;
图2为河鲀毒素标准品(0.5 ng/ml)的离子色谱质谱图。
图3为检测标准曲线图;
图4为脱色希瓦氏菌S3-4(
Shewanella decolorationis S3-4)细菌源样品的液相质谱图。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例对本本发明的技术方案做进一步解释,但本发明的保护范围不受实施例任何形式上的限制。
实施例1
实施例中用到的培养基:2216E固体培养基、TCBS固体培养基和LB固体培养基和LB液体培养基均为商品培养基,购自青岛高科技工业园海博生物技术有限公司
弓斑东方鲀(
Takifugu ocellatus)属暖水性小型肉食性底层鱼类,主要栖息于近岸水域,有时亦进入淡水江河及咸淡水河口。有气囊,遇敌害时能使腹部膨胀,以此自卫。捕食小型贝类、小蟹、端足类、细螯虾及藻类碎屑。进入淡水时捕食虾类、蟹、蚌、小鱼苗、水生昆虫幼体,棱角类及桡足类,偶有水生维管束植物及丝状藻类。产卵期4~6月,鱼群进入江河中下游产卵,产沉性黏性卵,属一次产卵类型。弓斑东方鲀(
Takifugu ocellatus)卵巢、肝脏有剧毒,精巢无毒,皮肤和肠有强毒,肌肉亦具毒,但毒性较弱。本发明选取弓斑东方鲀(
Takifugu ocellatus)毒性较强的卵巢、肝脏和肠道中进行研究。
(1)选取野生弓斑东方鲀(
Takifugu ocellatus),发明人采集自广东省汕头市义丰溪入海口。取含河鲀毒素(TTX)的弓斑东方鲀(
Takifugu ocellatus)取出卵巢组织;也可以取肝脏和肠道组织。
(3)组织匀浆,并以PBS 以体积质量比1:10、1:10、1:1000的比例制成稀释液,取100 μl稀释液涂布于2216E固体培养基、TCBS固体培养基和LB固体培养基。
(3)28℃培养48 h,挑取平板上的特征菌落,划线于另一2216E固体培养基、TCBS固体培养基和LB固体培养基上;
(4)28℃培养24 h,再将分离到的单菌落再次划线分离培养;
(5)重复划线培养,直到分离到单菌落。
其中,步骤(1)所述组织为弓斑东方鲀(
Takifugu ocellatus)肝脏、卵巢和肠道。
其中,所述2216E固体培养基的组成为:蛋白胨5.0g/L,酵母粉1.0 g/L,柠檬酸铁0.1 g/L,氯化钠19.45 g/L,氯化镁5.98 g/L,硫酸钠3.24 g/L,氯化钙1.8 g/L,氯化钾0.55 g/L,碳酸钠0.16 g/L,溴化钾0.08 g/L,氯化锶0.034 g/L,硼酸0.022 g/L,硅酸钠0.004 g/L,氟化钠0.0024 g/L,硝酸铵0.0016 g/L,磷酸氢二钠0.008 g/L,琼脂15.0 g/L;
TCBS固体培养基的组成为:酵母浸粉5.0 g/L,蛋白胨10.0 g/L,硫代硫酸钠10.0g/L,枸橼酸钠10.0 g/L,牛胆粉5.0 g/L,牛胆酸钠3.0 g/L,蔗糖20.0 g/L,氯化钠10.0 g/L,柠檬酸铁1.0 g/L,溴麝香草酚兰0.04 g/L,麝香草酚兰0.04 g/L,琼脂15.0 g/L;
LB液体培养基的组成为:胰蛋白胨10.0 g/L,酵母浸粉5.0 g/L,氯化钠10.0 g/L,琼脂15.0 g/L。
将菌株接种中LB液体培养基中,28℃下,200转/分钟,培养2-3天。发酵液通过液相色谱质谱进行检测,发现菌株S3-4能够产河鲀毒素。所述菌株具有如下形态和生理、生化特性:
(1)菌体形态特性
采用常规的细菌生理生化鉴定方法,脱色希瓦氏菌的细胞为革兰氏阴性菌,杆状,大小约为(0.6-1.0)×(1.0-6.7)μm,周身纤毛,极生单鞭毛。
(2)主要的生理、生化特征
具有兼性厌氧生长的能力,能还原三价铁,能液化明胶,能产生H2S,氧化酶和接触酶阳性,能以乳酸钠、
D-半乳糖、琥珀酸为唯一碳源生长,不能利用硫酸铵和硝酸铵为唯一氮源生长。
(3)利用16SrDNA全长序列鉴定细菌的方法;提取分离得到的菌株基因组的DNA;16SrDNA的PCR扩增,上游引物:5’-agagtttgatcctggctcag-3’,下游引物:5’-tacgacttaaccccaatcgc-3’;PCR反应体系50 μl,其中包括:2 × Rapid Taq Master Mix25 μl;上下游引物各1 μl; 细菌基因组DNA50 ng;
PCR反应程序:95℃ 3 min;95℃ 15s,55℃ 15s,72℃ 30 s,35个循环;72℃ 5min。将16S rDNA全长序列的扩增产物纯化回收;回收的产物克隆在T1载体中。转化大肠杆菌;挑选阳性克隆测序;测序结果经BLAST N在GenBank比对,获得同源性较高的序列;利用MEGAX软件进行聚类分析,确定该分离的菌株为脱色希瓦氏菌S3-4(
Shewanella
decolorationis S3-4),结果如图1所示,该分离的菌株为脱色希瓦氏菌S3-4(
Shewanella
decolorationis S3-4)。
脱色希瓦氏菌S3-4(
Shewanella decolorationis S3-4)16sDNA序列
ggcgcgcggctacacatgcagtcgagcggcagcacaagtgagtttactcatgaggtggcgagcggcggacgggtgagtaatgcctagggatctgcccagtcgagggggataacagttggaaacgactgctaataccgcatacgccctacgggggaaaggaggggaccttttggccttccgcgattggatgaacctaggtgggattagctagttggtgaggtaatggctcaccaaggcgacgatccctagctgttctgagaggatgatcagccacactgggactgagacacggcccagactcctacgggaggcagcagtggggaatattgcacaatgggggaaaccctgatgcagccatgccgcgtgtgtgaagaaggccttcgggttgtaaagcactttcagtagggaggaaaggttgtaagttaataccttgcagctgtgacgttacctacagaagaaggaccggctaactccgtgccagcagccgcggtaatacggagggtccaagcgttaatcggaattactgggcgtaaagcgtgcgcaggcggtttgttaagcgagatgtgaaagccccgggctcaacctgggaattgcatttcgaactggcaaactagagtcttgtagaggggggtagaattccaggtgtagcggtgaaatgcgtagagatctggaggaataccggtggcgaaggcggccccctggacaaagactgacgctcaggcacgaaagcgtggggagcaaacaggattagataccctggtagtccacgccgtaaacgatgtctactcggagtttggtgtcttgaacactgggctctcaagctaacgcattaagtagaccgcctggggagtacggccgcaaggttaaaactcaaatgaattgacgggggcccgcacaagcggtggagcatgtggtttaattcgatgcaacgcgaagaaccttacctactcttgacatccagagaactttccagagatggattggtgccttcgggaactctgagacaggtgctgcatggctgtcgtcagctcgtgttgtgaaatgttgggttaagtcccgcaacgagcgcaacccctatccttatttgccagcgcgtaatggcgggaactctagggagactgccggtgataaaccggaggaaggtggggacgacgtcaagtcatcatggcccttacgagtagggctacacacgtgctacaatggcgagtacagagggttgcaaagccgcgaggtggagctaatctcacaaagctcgtcgtagtccggattggagtctgcaactcgactccatgaagtcggaatcgctagtaatcgtgaatcagaatgtcacggtgaatacgttcccgggccttgtacacaccgcccgtcacaccatgggagtgggctgcaaaagaagtgggtagcttaacctcgggagggcgc.
产河鲀毒素的脱色希瓦氏菌
Shewanella decolorationis,菌株为S3-4,保藏于中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心。保藏地址,北京市朝阳区北辰西路1号院3号。保藏日期2022年03月28日。保藏编号CGMCCNo.24602。
实施例2
实施例1分离的脱色希瓦氏菌S3-4(
Shewanella decolorationis S3-4)的发酵培养方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将细菌接种到LB液体培养基中;
(2)28℃下,200转/分钟,培养2-3天。
其中,所述LB液体培养基的组成为:胰蛋白胨10.0 g/L,酵母浸粉5.0 g/L,氯化钠10.0 g/L。
实施例3
利用实施例2获得脱色希瓦氏菌S3-4(
Shewanella decolorationis S3-4)发酵制备河鲀毒素,具体步骤如下:
(1)脱色希瓦氏菌S3-4(
Shewanella decolorationis S3-4)发酵培养后,4℃下4000×g离心30min收集菌体细胞;
(2)加入0.1%甲酸甲醇,超声破碎细胞;
(3)8000转/分钟离心,5 分钟;
(4)取上清液过0.22μm的有机滤膜;
(5)对河鲀毒素进行液相色谱质谱联用检测
(6)河鲀毒素标准品液相色谱质谱图如图2所示。
(7)标准曲线结果如图3所示。
(8)脱色希瓦氏菌源河鲀毒素鉴定的液相色谱质谱结果如图4所示,与标准品的液相色谱质谱一致。
在本发明实施例中,采用弓斑东方鲀(
Takifugu ocellatus)卵巢、肝脏和肠道组织中分离细菌,采用2216E固体培养基、TCBS固体培养基和LB固体培养基进行筛选,首次从河鲀鱼体中分离到可产河鲀毒素的脱色希瓦氏菌S3-4(
Shewanella decolorationis S3-4),所分离的细菌采用了16S rDNA法进行了鉴定。
分离到的脱色希瓦氏菌S3-4(
Shewanella decolorationis S3-4)所产的河鲀毒素采用了液相色谱质谱检测(LC-MS)的检测方法,液质联用仪对河鲀毒素这种化合物有着较为准确的检测效果。明确脱色希瓦氏菌S3-4(
Shewanella decolorationis S3-4)所产的河鲀毒素与河鲀体内提取的河鲀毒素为同一种物质。
本发明所分离的脱色希瓦氏菌S3-4(
Shewanella decolorationis S3-4),经培养后可从细菌中大规模分离河鲀毒素。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解,本发明不受上述实施例的限制,上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理,在不脱离发明精神和范围的前提下本发明还会有各种变化和改进,这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其同物界定。
Claims (3)
1.一种产河鲀毒素的脱色希瓦氏菌,其特征在于,所述脱色希瓦氏菌的菌株为S3-4,分类命名为脱色希瓦氏菌Shewanella decolorationis,于2022年03月28日保藏于中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心,保藏编号CGMCC No.24602。
2.利用权利要求1所述脱色希瓦氏菌制备河鲀毒素的方法,其特征在于,将脱色希瓦氏菌S3-4接种LB液体培养基中,28℃下,200转/分钟,培养2-3天。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述LB液体培养基的组成成分及终浓度为胰蛋白胨10.0g/L,酵母浸粉5.0g/L,氯化钠10.0g/L,在LB液体培养基中发酵培养获得脱色希瓦氏菌S3-4的菌体,将菌体破碎、分离、纯化,获得河鲀毒素。
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