CN115677400A - Cress winter rooting culture solution and rapid rooting culture method - Google Patents
Cress winter rooting culture solution and rapid rooting culture method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a cress winter rooting culture solution and a quick rooting culture method, and belongs to the technical field of cress planting. The invention provides a cress rooting culture solution, wherein the molar concentration of total nitrogen in the culture solution is 10-30 mmol.L ‑1 The nitrogen is provided in the form of ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen; the molar ratio of the ammoniacal nitrogen to the nitrate nitrogen is 100. The cress rooting culture solution provided by the invention utilizes nitrogen in different shapes to supply a nitrogen source for cress in the water culture process, so as to promote the absorption of nitrogen by cress. The rooting culture solution promotes quick rooting of cress under a low-temperature condition by regulating the rooting efficiency of cress through nutrition, improves the growth adaptability of cress at a low temperature, and solves the problems of slow growth, reduced biomass and short supply and short demand of cress under the low-temperature condition. The cress rooting culture solution provided by the invention is favorable forThe industrial production and popularization and application of the cress in winter have better economic, social and ecological benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cress planting, and particularly relates to cress winter rooting culture solution and a rapid rooting culture method.
Background
Oenanthes Javanica (Bl.) DC is a perennial herb aquatic plant of Umbelliferae, is a traditional characteristic aquatic vegetable with homology of medicine and food in China, and has a long history of cultivation and eating. At present, the cultivation area of cress in China is about 25 ten thousand mu, and the cress is mainly distributed in Jiangsu, anhui, hubei, jiangxi, zhejiang and Hainan and other places. As the cress has rich nutrition and good medical health-care function, the values of the stem leaf eating and the resource development and utilization are higher, and the cress is deeply favored by the consumers. Meanwhile, the cress has developed ventilating tissues and root systems, has strong adsorption and absorption capacity on water nutritive salt, has two functional attributes of production and ecology, and is widely applied to bioremediation and treatment of eutrophic water. However, the optimum growth temperature of cress is 12-24 ℃, when the temperature is reduced to below 10 ℃ in the 11 th late ten days of the Yangtze river basin, the stem leaves of cress which can grow in winter slowly grow, and the yield and the variety are reduced; when the temperature is reduced to below 5 ℃, the cress plant even stops growing, and the cultivation requirements of people cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a cress rooting culture solution which can promote quick rooting of cress at a low temperature, improve growth adaptability of cress at the low temperature and solve the problems of slow growth of cress, reduction in quality and biomass and short supply and demand of markets at the low temperature.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a cress rooting culture solution, wherein the molar concentration of total nitrogen in the rooting culture solution is 10-30 mmol.L -1 The nitrogen is provided in two forms of ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen; the molar ratio of the ammoniacal nitrogen to the nitrate nitrogen is 100.
Preferably, the ammoniacal nitrogen is (NH) 4 ) 2 SO 4 The form is provided; the nitrate nitrogen is KNO 3 The method is provided in a form.
Preferably, the macroelements in the rooting culture solution also comprise P, K, mg, ca and Al; the rooting culture solution also comprises trace elements, wherein the trace elements comprise B, mn, zn, cu, na, mo and Fe.
Preferably, the molar concentration of the macroelement P in the rooting culture solution is 0.014-0.350 mmol.L -1 The molar concentration of K is 0.074-1.110 mmol.L -1 The molar concentration of Mg is 0.20-2.00 mmol.L -1 The molar concentration of Ca is 0.10-2.65 mmol.L -1 The molar concentration of Al is 0.007-0.175 mmol.L -1 ；
The molar concentration of the trace element B in the rooting culture solution is 1.40-35.00 mu mol.L -1 The molar concentration of Mn is 0.02-5.00. Mu. Mol.L -1 The molar concentration of Zn is 0.134-3.350 mu mol.L -1 The molar concentration of Cu is 0.03-0.3. Mu. Mol. L -1 The molar concentration of Na is 0.02-0.47 mu mol.L -1 The molar concentration of Mo is 0.01-0.24 mu mol.L -1 The molar concentration of Fe is 0.84-21.00 mu mol/L -1 。
Preferably, the pH value of the rooting culture solution is 6.5-7.3.
The invention also provides a cress rooting culture method, which comprises the following steps:
taking the rooting culture solution of the technical scheme as a cress rooting culture solution;
and (4) transplanting the cress seedlings after seedling delaying to the cress rooting culture solution for culturing to obtain cress rooting seedlings.
Preferably, the temperature for rooting culture is 0-24 ℃.
Preferably, the culture solution for seedling rejuvenation is clear water; the seedling recovering time is 3-5 days.
Preferably, the rooting culture solution is periodically replaced every 3-7 days in the culture process; during the rooting culture period, direct strong light irradiation is avoided.
Preferably, the fixing method of the seedlings in the seedling reviving and culturing processes is as follows: the combination part of the cress rhizome is wrapped by sponge and is fixed on a floating plate to contact with the culture solution.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the cress rooting culture solution provided by the invention has the total nitrogen molar concentration of 10-30 mmol.L -1 The nitrogen is provided in two forms of ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen, and the molar ratio of the ammonia nitrogen to the nitrate nitrogen is 100-75. The cress rooting culture solution provided by the invention utilizes nitrogen with different forms and concentration ratios to supply a nitrogen source for cress in the water culture process, and promotes the absorption of nitrogen in the water culture process of cress. The rooting culture solution can promote quick rooting of cress under a low-temperature condition by regulating and controlling the rooting efficiency of cress through nutrition on the basis of a water culture technology, improves the growth adaptability of cress at a low temperature, and solves the problems of slow growth, reduced biomass and short supply and demand of cress under the low-temperature condition. The cress rooting culture solution provided by the invention has the characteristic of accelerating the cress rooting rate under a low-temperature condition, is favorable for overcoming the season limitation problem of cress production, accelerates the breeding period, improves the water culture survival rate and enables the survival rate to reach more than 90%. The cress rooting culture solution provided by the invention is beneficial to large-scale production, popularization and application of cress in winter, and has better economic, social and ecological benefits. The results of the embodiments show that the cress rooting culture solution provided by the invention can remarkably promote the growth of cress seedlings within the range of 0-24 ℃, particularly can remarkably promote the growth of cress seedling roots under the low-temperature condition of 0-10 ℃, and can promote the growth of overground parts of cress seedlings. Therefore, the cress rooting culture solution provided by the invention is used in the Jiangzhe area in winterThe growth of the cress seedlings can be still remarkably promoted at the temperature below 10 ℃, and the problem that the cress seedlings grow slowly in winter is solved.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a cress rooting culture solution, wherein the molar concentration of total nitrogen in the rooting culture solution is 10-30 mmol.L -1 The nitrogen is provided in two forms of ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen; the molar ratio of the ammoniacal nitrogen to the nitrate nitrogen is 100.
In the invention, the total nitrogen molar concentration in the rooting culture solution is 10-30 mmol.L -1 More preferably 10 to 25 mmol. Multidot.L -1 More preferably 13 to 20mmol · L -1 More preferably 15 to 18 mmol. Multidot.L -1 Most preferably 15 mmol. Multidot.L -1 . The nitrogen is provided in the form of ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen; the molar ratio of the ammonia nitrogen to the nitrate nitrogen is from 100 to 75, more preferably from 80 to 90. In the present invention, the ammoniacal nitrogen is preferably represented by (NH) 4 ) 2 SO 4 The form is provided; the nitrate nitrogen is preferably KNO 3 The method is provided in a form. Inventive pair (NH) 4 ) 2 SO 4 And KNO 3 The source of (A) is not particularly limited, and a commercially available product conventionally used in the art may be used. According to the invention, two forms of nitrogen are adopted as nitrogen sources in the culture solution of cress, wherein ammoniacal nitrogen is used as a main nitrogen source, and the nitrogen is promoted to be absorbed in the water culture process of cress by matching with nitrate nitrogen, so that the effect of promoting the growth and development of cress roots can be achieved. In the invention, nitrogen is one of the major elements in the rooting culture solution, and the major elements in the rooting culture solution preferably also comprise P, K, mg, ca and Al. In the invention, the molar concentration of the macroelement P in the rooting culture solution is preferably 0.014-0.350 mmol.L -1 More preferably 0.050 to 0.250mmol · L -1 More preferably 0.060 to 0.150 mmol/L -1 More preferably 0.070 mmol. Multidot.L -1 (ii) a The molar concentration of K is preferably 0.074 to 1.110 mmol.L -1 More preferably 0.100 to 0.800 mmol.L -1 More preferably 0.300 to 0.500 mmol.L -1 More preferably 0.37mmol·L -1 (ii) a The molar concentration of Mg is preferably 0.20 to 2.00 mmol.L -1 More preferably 0.30 to 1.50 mmol. Multidot.L -1 More preferably 0.50 to 1.00 mmol/L -1 More preferably 0.67 mmol. Multidot.L -1 (ii) a The molar concentration of Ca is preferably 0.10 to 2.65 mmol.L -1 More preferably 0.25 to 2.00 mmol.L -1 More preferably 0.35 to 1.00 mmol/L -1 More preferably 0.53 mmol. Multidot.L -1 (ii) a The molar concentration of Al is preferably 0.007 to 0.175 mmol.L -1 More preferably 0.015 to 0.150 mmol. Multidot.L -1 More preferably 0.030 to 0.085 mmol.L -1 More preferably 0.035 mmol.L -1 . In the present invention, the rooting medium preferably further comprises trace elements. The trace elements preferably include B, mn, zn, cu, na, mo and Fe. In the present invention, the molar concentration of B in the rooting culture is preferably 1.40 to 35.00. Mu. Mol. L -1 More preferably 3.00 to 20.00. Mu. Mol/L -1 More preferably 5.00 to 10.00. Mu. Mol. L -1 More preferably 7.00. Mu. Mol. L -1 (ii) a The molar concentration of Mn is preferably 0.02 to 5.00. Mu. Mol. L -1 More preferably 0.30 to 4.00. Mu. Mol. L -1 More preferably 0.50 to 2.00. Mu. Mol. L -1 More preferably 1.00. Mu. Mol. L -1 (ii) a The Zn molar concentration is preferably 0.134 to 3.350. Mu. Mol. L -1 More preferably 0.228 to 2.350. Mu. Mol. L -1 More preferably 0.500 to 1.100. Mu. Mol. L -1 More preferably 0.67. Mu. Mol. L -1 (ii) a The molar concentration of Cu is preferably 0.03 to 0.3. Mu. Mol. L -1 More preferably 0.05 to 0.20. Mu. Mol. L -1 More preferably 0.10 to 0.15. Mu. Mol. L -1 More preferably 0.13. Mu. Mol. L -1 (ii) a The molar concentration of Na is preferably 0.02 to 0.47. Mu. Mol. L -1 More preferably 0.05 to 0.30. Mu. Mol/L -1 More preferably 0.08 to 0.20. Mu. Mol. L -1 More preferably 0.094. Mu. Mol. L -1 (ii) a The molar concentration of Mo is preferably 0.01 to 0.24. Mu. Mol. L -1 More preferably 0.025 to 0.15. Mu. Mol. L -1 More preferably 0.04 to 0.10. Mu. Mol. L -1 More preferably 0.047. Mu. Mol. L -1 (ii) a The molar concentration of Fe is preferably 0.84 to 21.00. Mu. Mol.L -1 More preferably 2.00 to 15.00. Mu. Mol. L -1 More preferably 4.00 to 8.00. Mu. Mol/L -1 More preferably 4.2. Mu. Mol. L -1 . In the present invention, P is preferably derived from KH 2 PO 4 (ii) a The K is preferably derived from KH 2 PO 4 And K 2 SO 4 (ii) a The Mg is preferably derived from MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O; the Ca is preferably derived from CaCl 2 ·2H 2 O; the Al is preferably derived from Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ·18H 2 O; said B is preferably derived from H 3 BO 4 (ii) a The Mn is preferably derived from MnSO 4 ·H 2 O; the Zn is preferably from ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O; the Cu is preferably from CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O; the Na and Mo are preferably from Na 2 MoO 4 (ii) a The Fe is preferably derived from EDTA-Fe. The invention is to KH 2 PO 4 、K 2 SO4、MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O、CaCl 2 ·2H 2 O、Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ·18H 2 O、H 3 BO 4 、MnSO 4 ·H 2 O、ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O、CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O、Na 2 MoO 4 And EDTA-Fe is not particularly limited, and those conventionally commercially available in the art can be used. According to the invention, the macroelements and the microelements in the rooting culture solution regulate and control the rooting efficiency of cress through nutrition, so that the cress can be promoted to rapidly root at a low temperature, and the growth adaptability of the cress at the low temperature is improved.
In the present invention, the pH of the rooting medium is preferably 6.3 to 7.3, more preferably 6.5 to 7.0, and most preferably 6.5. The pH of the rooting culture solution is suitable for the growth of cress, and the rooting of cress can be stably promoted. In the invention, the water for preparing the rooting culture solution is preferably deionized water.
In the invention, the preparation method of the cress rooting culture solution preferably comprises the following steps:
weighing each macroelement according to the molar concentration, and mixing the macroelements to obtain a macroelement mixture;
respectively weighing each trace element according to the molar concentration, and mixing the trace elements to obtain a trace element mixture;
adding the macroelement mixture into water, uniformly mixing, adding the microelement mixture into the water, and adjusting the pH value to obtain the cress rooting culture solution. According to the preparation method of the cress rooting culture solution, provided by the invention, the raw material components are mixed by adopting a step-by-step mixing method, so that the generation of precipitates in the preparation process of the culture solution can be prevented, and meanwhile, the raw materials are mixed more fully. The pH regulator of the present invention is not particularly limited, and any pH regulator conventionally used in the art may be used.
The invention also provides a cress rooting culture method, which comprises the following steps:
taking the rooting culture solution of the technical scheme as a cress rooting culture solution;
and transplanting the cress seedlings to the cress rooting culture solution for culture after the cress seedlings are subjected to seedling delaying, so as to obtain cress rooting seedlings.
The rooting culture solution in the technical scheme is used as a cress rooting culture solution.
In the invention, the cress rooting culture solution utilizes nitrogen in different shapes to supply a nitrogen source for cress in the water culture process, so as to promote the absorption of nitrogen in the cress water culture process; on the basis of a water culture technology, the rooting efficiency of cress is regulated and controlled through nutrition, and meanwhile, a stable culture environment is provided, so that quick rooting of cress under a low-temperature condition can be promoted, the growth adaptability of cress at a low temperature is improved, and the problem that the quality and biomass of cress are reduced under the low-temperature condition is solved.
After the cress rooting culture solution is obtained, the cress seedlings are transplanted to the cress rooting culture solution for culture after the cress seedlings are delayed, and the cress rooting seedlings are obtained.
In the invention, the cress seedlings are preferably cress seedlings with consistent growth vigor. The height of the cress seedlings is preferably 10-20 cm, and more preferably 10cm. The seedling of the invention is preferably one or more than two of seedlings of Suzhou leaf cress, liyang white celery and Jinling No. 1. In the invention, the cress seedlings are preferably sourced from agricultural planting bases. The process of seedling revival and rooting culture in rooting culture solution is recorded as rooting culture process. In the invention, the seedling fixing method in the rooting culture process is preferably as follows: the combination part of the cress roots and the stalks is wrapped by sponge and is fixed on a water culture floating plate to be contacted with a culture solution. In the rooting culture process, the culture solution is preferably kept in contact with the water-absorbing sponge strips. In the present invention, the hydroponic floating plate is preferably a perforated floating plate, and more preferably a perforated PVC foam plate. In the present invention, the pore size of the hydroponic floating plate is preferably 2.5cm. The round holes are used for fixing seedlings. In the present invention, the hydroponic floating plate is preferably sterilized with NaClO before use. In the invention, the NaClO is preferably NaClO aqueous solution, and is more preferably NaClO with the mass percentage of 30%. The time for sterilization according to the present invention is preferably 20min. The invention preferably cleans the sterilized water culture floating plate to remove the sterilizing liquid and then carries out cress rooting culture.
The proper temperature and air temperature condition for rooting culture is 0-24 ℃; the water culture temperature is 0-24 ℃; more preferably from 0 ℃ to 16 ℃, still more preferably from 4 ℃ to 10 ℃, and still more preferably 4 ℃. The rooting culture method provided by the invention enables the cress seedlings to rapidly root under the low-temperature condition, and removes the limitation of low temperature on the growth of cress. In the rooting culture process, strong light direct irradiation is preferably avoided for cress seedlings; the mode of avoiding direct strong light is preferably to adopt a sunshade net for shading treatment. The rooting culture process of the invention avoids direct strong light irradiation, which is beneficial to weakening the transpiration of the seedlings, keeping the seedlings with sufficient moisture and preventing the seedling from wilting and dysplasia. The invention preferably keeps good indoor ventilation during the rooting culture process.
Before the seedling rejuvenation, the root of the seedling is preferably cleaned by clear water. The cleaning method of the present invention is not particularly limited, and a conventional cleaning method in the art may be used. The method preferably removes the damaged and aged roots when cleaning the roots of the cress seedlings. In the rooting culture process, the culture solution for seedling revival is preferably clear water; the seedling recovering time is 3-5 days, and the preferable time is 3 days. In the invention, the seedling revival process is preferably carried out in an opaque water culture tank filled with 25L of clear water. The hydroponic tank is preferably a 58cm x 44cm x 33cm incubator. In the case of rejuvenation, it is preferable to breed 18 to 36 seedlings, and more preferably 24 seedlings, in each incubator. The invention aims to relieve the adverse effect of the growth environment change on the seedlings and continuously maintain the vigorous growth vigor.
After the seedling recovering is finished, the cress seedlings are transplanted to the cress rooting culture solution for culture. In the invention, the culture is preferably carried out in an incubator, and the amount of the cress rooting culture solution is preferably 1/2-3/4, more preferably 2/3 of the volume of the incubator. The rooting medium is preferably replaced once every 3 to 7 days, more preferably once every 3 to 5 days, and even more preferably once every 3 days. In the present invention, the incubator is preferably a plastic incubator having a width of 20 to 30cm, a length of 30 to 40cm and a depth of 10 to 15cm, more preferably a plastic incubator having a width of 20cm, a length of 30cm and a depth of 10cm. In the invention, the water culture floating plate in the incubator is preferably a PVC foam plate with the width of 20-30 cm, the length of 30-40 cm and the thickness of 0.8-1.5 cm, and is more preferably a PVC foam plate with the width of 20cm, the length of 30cm and the thickness of 0.8 cm. The culture time in the present invention is preferably 3 to 14 days, more preferably 3 to 7 days, and still more preferably 5 days. The cress rooting culture method can improve the rooting condition of cress under the low-temperature condition, shorten the rooting time, increase the rooting quantity, the total root length and the root thickness and promote the root development.
After the cress rooting seedlings are obtained, the cress rooting seedlings can be directly planted in eutrophic water or cultivated in a field in shallow water by using a conventional floating bed technology according to needs, and can also be continuously cultivated in a rooting culture solution to obtain cress seedlings.
According to the invention, a specific rooting culture solution and a specific rooting culture method are adopted in cress rooting culture, on the basis of a water culture technology, the winter water culture rooting efficiency of cress is regulated and controlled through nutrition, and the winter rooting rate is accelerated; the configuration of different forms of nitrogen is utilized in the water culture process, so that the adverse effect of low-temperature environment on the growth of plants can be effectively reduced, the rooting rate is improved, and the growth of the plants is promoted under the low-temperature condition and the climatic factors in winter of Yangtze river basin; the method can enlarge the breeding area, overcome the season limitation problem of cress production, accelerate the breeding period, improve the water culture survival rate which reaches more than 90 percent, is favorable for factory production, popularization and application of cress in winter, and has better economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefit.
In order to further illustrate the invention, the cress rooting culture solution and the cress rooting culture method provided by the invention are described in detail below with reference to the examples, but the invention is not to be construed as being limited in scope.
Example 1
A cress rooting culture solution specifically comprises the following components:
macroelements: the total nitrogen concentration is 15.00 mmol.L -1 Wherein the molar ratio of the ammonia nitrogen to the nitrate nitrogen is 75 -1 The molar concentration of nitrate nitrogen is 3.75 mmol.L -1 The molar concentration of P is 0.07 mmol.L -1 The molar concentration of K is 0.37 mmol.L -1 The molar concentration of Mg is 0.67 mmol.L -1 The molar concentration of Ca is 0.53 mmol.L -1 The molar concentration of Al is 0.035 mmol.L -1 ；
Trace elements: the molar concentration of B is 7.00. Mu. Mol. L -1 The molar concentration of Mn is 1.00. Mu. Mol. L -1 The molar concentration of Zn is 0.67. Mu. Mol. L -1 The molar concentration of Cu is 0.13. Mu. Mol. L -1 The molar concentration of Na is 0.094. Mu. Mol. L -1 The molar concentration of Mo is 0.047 mu mol.L -1 The molar concentration of Fe is 4.2. Mu. Mol. L -1 。
The pH of the rooting medium was 6.5.
Wherein the ammoniacal nitrogen is derived from (NH) 4 ) 2 SO 4 (ii) a Nitrate nitrogen is from KNO 3 (ii) a P is derived from KH 2 PO 4 (ii) a K is derived from KH 2 PO 4 And K 2 SO4; mg is from MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O; ca is derived from CaCl 2 ·2H 2 O; al is derived from Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ·18H 2 O; b is derived from H 3 BO 4 (ii) a Mn is derived from MnSO 4 ·H 2 O; zn is derived from ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O; cu is from CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O; na and Mo are derived from Na 2 MoO 4 (ii) a Fe is from EDTA-Fe.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: separately measure (NH) 4 ) 2 SO 4 、KNO 3 、KH 2 PO 4 、K 2 SO 4 、MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O、CaCl 2 ·2H 2 O and Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ·18H 2 O makes N, P, K, mg, ca and Al major elements meet the requirements, and (NH) 4 ) 2 SO 4 、KNO 3 、KH 2 PO 4 、K 2 SO 4 、MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O、CaCl 2 ·2H 2 O、Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ·18H 2 Mixing O to obtain a macroelement package A;
separately weighing H 3 BO 4 、MnSO 4 ·H 2 O、ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O、CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O、Na 2 MoO 4 And EDTA-Fe to make the trace elements of B, mn, zn, cu, na, mo and Fe meet the above-mentioned requirements, and adding H 3 BO 4 、MnSO 4 ·H 2 O、ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O、CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O、Na 2 MoO 4 Mixing with EDTA-Fe to obtain trace element package B;
and adding the macroelement bag A into deionized water, uniformly stirring, adding the microelement bag B, and uniformly stirring to obtain the cress rooting culture solution.
Example 2
The specific composition and preparation method of the rooting culture solution are the same as those in example 1, and the differences are as follows: the molar ratio of the ammoniacal nitrogen to the nitrate nitrogen is 85, namely the molar concentration of the ammoniacal nitrogen is 12.75 mmol.L -1 The molar concentration of nitrate nitrogen is 2.25 mmol.L -1 。
Example 3
The specific composition and preparation method of the rooting culture solution are the same as those in example 1, and the differences are as follows: the molar ratio of the ammonia nitrogen to the nitrate nitrogen is 80 -1 The molar concentration of nitrate nitrogen is 3 mmol.L -1 。
Example 4
The specific composition and preparation method of the rooting culture solution are the same as those of example 1, and the differences are that: the molar ratio of the ammoniacal nitrogen to the nitrate nitrogen is 90, namely the molar concentration of the ammoniacal nitrogen is 13.5 mmol.L -1 The molar concentration of nitrate nitrogen is 1.5 mmol.L -1 。
Example 5
The specific composition and preparation method of the rooting culture solution are the same as those in example 1, and the differences are as follows: the molar ratio of the ammoniacal nitrogen to the nitrate nitrogen is 100, namely the molar concentration of the ammoniacal nitrogen is 15.0 mmol.L -1 。
Comparative example 1
The specific composition and preparation method of a rooting culture solution are the same as those of example 1, and the difference is that the total nitrogen source is nitrate nitrogen, namely the molar concentration of the nitrate nitrogen is 15.0 mmol.L -1 。
Comparative example 2
The specific composition and preparation method of the rooting culture solution are the same as those in example 1, and the difference is that the molar ratio of ammonia nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen is 25 -1 The molar concentration of nitrate nitrogen is 11.25 mmol.L -1 。
Comparative example 3
The specific composition and preparation method of the rooting culture solution are the same as those in example 1, and the difference is that the molar ratio of ammonia nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen is 50 -1 The molar concentration of the nitrate nitrogen is 7.5 mmol.L -1 。
Example 6
A cress rooting culture method comprises the following specific steps:
adopting the cress rooting culture solution prepared in the example 1 as a cress rooting culture solution;
the rooting culture process is carried out in a culture room, and the temperature in the rooting culture process is 0 ℃; shading treatment is carried out by adopting a shading net in the rooting culture process, so that direct irradiation of strong light is avoided; keeping good indoor ventilation in the rooting culture process; in the rooting culture process, the cress rooting culture solution is replaced every 3 days; in the process of rooting culture, the culture solution is kept in contact with the water-absorbing sponge strips.
Carrying out rooting culture on the celery seeds of Suzhou province, selecting the celery seeds of 10cm long and consistent growth vigor, cleaning the roots with clear water, removing damaged and aged roots, wrapping the root-stem combination part of the cress with sponge, fixing the cress on a floating plate with holes, putting the cress in an opaque water culture box filled with 25L clear water, and carrying out seedling rejuvenation for 3 days in the clear water; the initial stocking amount of the seedlings in the water culture box is 24 plants/box. The volume of the water culture box is 58cm multiplied by 44cm multiplied by 33cm.
After the seedlings are subjected to seedling delaying, the seedlings are transplanted into rooting culture solution for rooting culture, an incubator is a plastic box body with the width of 20cm, the length of 30cm and the depth of 10cm, the using amount of the culture solution is 1/2 of the volume of the incubator, a water culture floating plate is a PVC foaming plate with the width of 10cm, the length of 30cm and the thickness of 0.8cm, round holes with the diameter of 2.5cm are arranged on the water culture floating plate and used for fixing the seedlings, and the stocking amount in each box is 24 plants/box and is 5 parallels. Culturing for 7 days to obtain cress rooting seedlings.
Example 7
The cress rooting culture method is the same as that in example 6, and is characterized in that the temperature in the rooting culture process is 4 ℃. And culturing for 5 days to obtain cress rooting seedlings.
Example 8
The cress rooting culture method is the same as that in example 6, and is characterized in that the temperature in the rooting culture process is 10 ℃. And culturing for 5 days to obtain cress rooting seedlings.
Example 9
The specific steps of the cress rooting culture method are the same as those in the embodiment 6, and the difference is that the temperature in the rooting culture process is 16 ℃. Culturing for 3 days to obtain cress rooting seedlings.
Example 10
The cress rooting culture method is the same as that in example 6, and is characterized in that the temperature in the rooting culture process is 24 ℃. Culturing for 3 days to obtain cress rooting seedlings.
Example 11
The specific steps of the cress rooting culture method are the same as those in example 7, and the difference is that the cress seedlings are Liyang white celery seedlings. And culturing for 5 days to obtain cress rooting seedlings.
Example 12
A cress rooting culture method, which has the same specific steps as example 7, and is characterized in that cress seedlings are jingling No. 1 seedlings. And culturing for 5 days to obtain cress rooting seedlings.
Example 13
The specific steps of the cress rooting culture method are the same as those in example 7, and the difference is that the rooting culture solution is the cress rooting culture solution prepared in example 2. And culturing for 5 days to obtain cress rooting seedlings.
Example 14
The specific steps of the cress rooting culture method are the same as those in example 7, and the difference is that the rooting culture solution is the cress rooting culture solution prepared in example 3. And culturing for 5 days to obtain cress rooting seedlings.
Example 15
The specific steps of the cress rooting culture method are the same as those in example 7, and the difference is that the rooting culture solution is the cress rooting culture solution prepared in example 4. And culturing for 5 days to obtain cress rooting seedlings.
Example 16
The cress rooting culture method is the same as that in example 7, and the difference is that the rooting culture solution is the cress rooting culture solution prepared in example 5. And culturing for 5 days to obtain cress rooting seedlings.
Comparative example 4
The specific steps of the cress rooting culture method are the same as those in example 7, and the difference is that the rooting culture solution is prepared in the comparative example 1. Culturing for 10 days to obtain cress rooting seedlings.
Comparative example 5
The specific steps of the cress rooting culture method are the same as those in example 7, and the difference is that the rooting culture solution is prepared in the comparative example 2. Culturing for 7 days to obtain cress rooting seedlings.
Comparative example 6
The cress rooting culture method is the same as that in example 7, and is different from the rooting culture solution prepared in the comparative example 3. And culturing for 5 days to obtain cress rooting seedlings.
Comparative example 7
The water culture of cress seedlings is carried out by adopting a Hoagland culture solution, the culture temperature is 4 ℃, and the specific culture method is the same as that in example 7. Culturing for 15 days to obtain cress rooting seedlings.
Comparative example 8
The water culture of cress seedlings is carried out by adopting a Hoagland culture solution, the culture temperature is 0 ℃, and the specific culture method is the same as that in example 7. Culturing for 15 days to obtain cress rooting seedlings.
Application example 1
And (3) carrying out statistical observation on the root length, the root number and the root thickness after 5 days of rooting culture in the cress rooting culture processes of the examples 6-16 and the comparative examples 4-8. Under the same culture conditions, namely the primary root culture solution and the culture conditions in the implementation of the invention, the statistical observation is carried out on the growth state of the cress seedlings when the cress rooting seedlings are cultured for 28 days. Wherein, the root rough mining is measured by a digital display vernier caliper with the precision of 0.01 cm; the total root length and the number of root tips were measured and counted using a root system scanner (Winrhizo software) and counting. The statistical method of the growth state of the seedlings is to measure the fresh weight and dry weight of the overground part of the seedlings and the fresh weight and dry weight of the root system, and simultaneously, the TTC method in Liheng (2000) plant physiological and biochemical experiment principle and technology is adopted to measure the activity of the root system.
After rooting culture for 5 days, the total root length, root thickness and root tip number of cress are shown in Table 1. The fresh weight and dry weight of the overground part of the cress seedlings and the root activity after 28 days of culture are shown in table 2 on the basis of the rooting culture time.
TABLE 1 Effect of different treatments on root length, root thickness and root number of Oenanthe stolonifera
| Group of | Total root length (cm) | Root diameter (mm) | Root and tip number |
| Example 6 | 173.20±22.43 | 1.08±0.05 | 98.50±17.50 |
| Example 7 | 184.17±19.13 | 1.13±0.05 | 99.67±12.81 |
| Example 8 | 187.76±4.04 | 1.07±0.06 | 101.00±3.21 |
| Example 9 | 189.64±21.24 | 1.11±0.06 | 103.33±8.74 |
| Example 10 | 216.95±23.31 | 1.15±0.02 | 106.33±17.48 |
| Example 11 | 151.20±21.88 | 1.05±0.03 | 105.67±16.48 |
| Example 12 | 170.73±12.70 | 1.08±0.06 | 115.00±11.24 |
| Example 13 | 340.55±59.66 | 1.34±0.05 | 199.33±39.54 |
| Example 14 | 316.63±15.74 | 1.31±0.06 | 189.00±36.17 |
| Example 15 | 270.51±21.63 | 1.21±0.06 | 115.00±24.66 |
| Example 16 | 257.49±2.94 | 1.15±0.03 | 110.00±8.72 |
| Comparative example 4 | 125.62±15.49 | 0.96±0.04 | 87.00±8.62 |
| Comparative example 5 | 140.48±1.84 | 1.00±0.02 | 90.33±3.71 |
| Comparative example 6 | 164.93±4.87 | 0.98±0.05 | 90.33±11.26 |
| Comparative example 7 | 131.98±0.81 | 0.97±0.07 | 79.00±14.73 |
| Comparative example 8 | 112.80±18.22 | 0.90±0.00 | 80.00±2.08 |
From table 1, it can be seen that, as shown in examples 6 to 10, when the molar ratio of ammoniacal nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen is 75 to 25, the higher the hydroponic temperature is, the higher the number of cress root development indexes (total root length, root thickness and root tip number) is, in the range of 0 ℃ to 16 ℃, which indicates that the higher the hydroponic temperature is, the faster the root development speed is, under the same ammonia-nitrate ratio condition, and this is in accordance with the natural optimum growth temperature rule of cress varieties described in this patent. However, the difference between the cress root growth index in the range of 0-16 ℃ and the cress root growth index at the proper temperature of 24 ℃ is not large, and the cress rooting culture solution can solve the problems of slow growth of cress and biomass reduction under the low-temperature condition by combining the comparative examples 7 and 8.
As shown in examples 7 and 13 to 16 and comparative examples 4 to 6, when the temperature was 4 ℃, the rooting medium had a pH of 6.5 and a total nitrogen molarity of 15 mmol.L -1 In the process, the ammonium nitrate ratio is different, and the root growth indexes (total root length, root thickness and root tip number) of the cress are different; when the molar ratio of ammoniacal nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen is 100-75, the cress root growth index is obviously superior to that of ammoniacal nitrate in the culture solution by the following molar ratio of 0, 75 and 50. Wherein, the molar ratio of ammonia to nitrate is within the range of 100-75, the cress root growth index shows the trend of increasing first and then decreasing along with the increase of the ratio, and when the molar ratio of ammonia nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen is 85, the cress root growth index is optimal and is obviously higher than the rooting condition of ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen under other conditions, which shows that the molar ratio of ammonia nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen in the rooting culture solution can effectively regulate the cress root growth index and the development condition under the low-temperature condition of 4 ℃.
Compared with the comparative example 7, the results of the examples 7 and 13-16 show that the rooting culture solution provided by the invention has a significantly better effect on promoting the growth index of the cress root system at a low temperature of 4 ℃ than the commonly used Hoagland culture solution, and the rooting culture solution provided by the invention has the capability of effectively promoting the growth of the cress root system at a low temperature.
The cress rooting culture solution and the cress rooting culture method provided by the invention are applicable to Liyang white celery and Jinling No. 1 besides Suzhou round-leaf cress through embodiments 11 and 12.
Compared with the comparative example 8, the rooting culture solution provided by the invention has the capability of obviously improving the root growth index of cress under the low-temperature 0 ℃ culture condition.
TABLE 2 Effect of different treatments on overground development of cress seedlings
The results of the embodiments 6 to 10 show that under the condition of the same ammonia nitrate proportion, the higher the water culture temperature of cress rooting, the higher the numerical value of the early root development indexes (total root length, root thickness and root tip number), and the larger the overground part biomass of the subsequent cress growth. The water culture temperature of the cress is higher, the root system development speed is higher, the growth and development of the whole cress are facilitated, and the natural optimal growth temperature rule of the cress variety is met. However, it is noted that, as can be seen from comparison of examples 6 to 10, when the molar ratio of ammonia to nitrate is 75 and the temperature range is between 0 ℃ and 16 ℃, the difference between the biomass index of the overground part of cress and the biomass index at 24 ℃ is not significant, and the rooting culture solution provided by the invention also exerts certain advantages under low temperature conditions in terms of promoting root system activity. The cress rooting culture solution provided by the invention can solve the problems of slow growth of cress and biomass reduction under a low-temperature condition by controlling the molar concentration ratio of ammonia nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen.
As can be seen from Table 2, when the temperature is 4 ℃ and the pH of the rooting culture solution is 6.5, the total nitrogen molar concentration is 15 mmol.L as compared with examples 7 and 13 to 16 and comparative examples 4 to 6 -1 When the ratio of ammonium to nitrate is different, the biomass of the overground part of the cress is different; when the molar ratio of ammoniacal nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen is 100-75, the biomass and root activity of the overground part of cress are obviously superior to the growth indexes of ammoniacal nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in the culture solution, which are respectively 0, 25 and 50. The method is consistent with early cress root development indexes, and shows that under the low-temperature condition, the cress rooting culture solution has different ammonium nitrate ratios and different root development conditions; the root system growth conditions in the early stage of the cress are different, the whole plant grows differently, and the biomass of the overground part and the activity of the root system in the later stage of the cress are directly influenced. Meanwhile, when the molar ratio of the ammoniacal nitrogen to the nitrate nitrogen is 85 percent, the overground part growth index and the root activity of the cress are also optimal, which shows that the molar ratio of the ammoniacal nitrogen to the nitrate nitrogen in the rooting culture solution influences the subsequent growth and development conditions of the whole cress plant while effectively regulating and controlling the growth index and the development conditions of the cress root system under the low-temperature condition of 4 ℃.
Compared with the comparative example 7, the results of the examples 7 and 13-16 show that the rooting culture solution provided by the invention has a significantly better effect on the growth index and root system activity of the overground part of the cress at a low temperature of 4 ℃ than the commonly used Hoagland culture solution, and the low-temperature rooting culture solution provided by the invention is confirmed to effectively promote the overground part biomass and root system activity of the cress by controlling the molar concentration ratio of ammoniacal nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen while promoting the development of the root system of the cress.
The cress rooting culture solution and the cress rooting culture method provided by the invention are applicable to Liyang white celery and Jinling No. 1 besides Suzhou round-leaf cress through embodiments 11 and 12.
Compared with the comparative example 8, the rooting culture solution provided by the invention has the capability of obviously improving the growth index and the root activity of the overground part of the cress under the low-temperature 0 ℃ culture condition.
In conclusion, the cress rooting culture solution and the culture method thereof provided by the invention can promote quick rooting of cress at a low temperature, improve the growth adaptability of cress at the low temperature, solve the problems of slow growth and biomass reduction of cress at the low temperature, shorten the rooting time, increase the rooting number and root thickness, and obviously improve the growth of the root system of cress and the yield of the overground part of cress.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and other embodiments can be obtained without inventive step according to the embodiments, and all of the embodiments are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The cress rooting culture solution is characterized in that the molar concentration of total nitrogen in the rooting culture solution is 10-30 mmol.L -1 The nitrogen is provided in the form of ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen; the molar ratio of the ammonia nitrogen to the nitrate nitrogen is 100.
2. Rooting medium according to claim 1, wherein the ammoniacal nitrogen is in the form of (NH) 4 ) 2 SO 4 The form is provided; the nitrate nitrogen is KNO 3 The method is provided in a form.
3. The rooting culture solution according to claim 1, wherein the macro-elements in the rooting culture solution further comprise P, K, mg, ca and Al; the rooting culture solution also comprises trace elements, wherein the trace elements comprise B, mn, zn, cu, na, mo and Fe.
4. The rooting culture solution of claim 3, wherein the molar concentration of macroelement P in the rooting culture solution is 0.014 to 0.350 mmol-L -1 The molar concentration of K is 0.074-1.110 mmol.L -1 The molar concentration of Mg is 0.20-2.00 mmol.L -1 The molar concentration of Ca is 0.10-2.65 mmol.L -1 The molar concentration of Al is 0.007-0.175 mmol.L -1 ；
The molar concentration of the trace element B in the rooting culture solution is 1.40-35.00 mu mol.L -1 The molar concentration of Mn is 0.02-5.00 mu mol.L -1 The molar concentration of Zn is 0.134-3.350 mu mol.L -1 The molar concentration of Cu is 0.03-0.3. Mu. Mol.L -1 The molar concentration of Na is 0.02-0.47 mu mol/L -1 The molar concentration of Mo is 0.01-0.24 mu mol.L -1 The molar concentration of Fe is 0.84-21.00 mu mol.L -1 。
5. The rooting culture fluid according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the rooting culture fluid has a pH of 6.3 to 7.3.
6. A cress rooting culture method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
taking the rooting culture solution of any one of claims 1-5 as a cress rooting culture solution;
and transplanting the cress seedlings to the cress rooting culture solution for culture after the cress seedlings are subjected to seedling delaying, so as to obtain cress rooting seedlings.
7. The rooting culture method according to claim 6, wherein the temperature of rooting culture is 0 ℃ to 24 ℃.
8. The rooting culture method according to claim 6, wherein the culture solution for rejuvenation is clear water; the seedling recovering time is 3-5 days.
9. The rooting culture method according to claim 6, wherein the rooting culture solution is periodically replaced every 3-7 days during the culture process; direct glare is avoided during the incubation period.
10. The rooting culture method according to claim 6, wherein the fixing method of the seedlings in the seedling revival and culture process is as follows: the combination part of the cress roots and the stalks is wrapped by sponge and is fixed on a floating plate to be contacted with the culture solution.
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| CN1382368A (en) * | 2002-04-29 | 2002-12-04 | 刘国栋 | Soilless liquid culture method for plant |
| CN109438022A (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2019-03-08 | 湖北大学 | A kind of dedicated mill water culture nutrient solution of Chinese celery |
| GB202209225D0 (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2022-08-10 | Inst Soil Science Cas | Hydroponic nutrient solution of vegetable and application thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1382368A (en) * | 2002-04-29 | 2002-12-04 | 刘国栋 | Soilless liquid culture method for plant |
| CN109438022A (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2019-03-08 | 湖北大学 | A kind of dedicated mill water culture nutrient solution of Chinese celery |
| GB202209225D0 (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2022-08-10 | Inst Soil Science Cas | Hydroponic nutrient solution of vegetable and application thereof |
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| 李政璞: "不同氮浓度、营养液浓度对无土栽培水芹植株生长和品质的影响", vol. 2021, pages 1 - 61 * |
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