CN115677400B - Winter rooting culture solution for cress and rapid rooting culture method - Google Patents
Winter rooting culture solution for cress and rapid rooting culture method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a winter rooting culture solution for cress and a rapid rooting culture method, belonging to the technical field of cress planting. The invention provides a cress rooting culture solution, wherein the molar concentration of total nitrogen in the culture solution is 10-30 mmol.L ‑1 The nitrogen is provided in both ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen; the molar ratio of the ammonia nitrogen to the nitrate nitrogen is 100:0-75:25. The cress rooting culture solution provided by the invention utilizes nitrogen with different forms to supply nitrogen sources for cress in the water planting process, so that the absorption of the cress on nitrogen is promoted. The rooting culture solution promotes the quick rooting of cress under the low-temperature condition by regulating and controlling the rooting efficiency of cress through nutrition, improves the growth adaptability of cress under the low-temperature condition, and solves the problems of slow growth, biomass reduction and supply-shortage of cress under the low-temperature condition. The cress rooting culture solution provided by the invention is favorable for industrial production, popularization and application of cress in winter, and has good economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cress planting, and particularly relates to a cress rooting culture solution in winter and a rapid rooting culture method.
Background
The cress (Oenanthe Javanica (Bl.) DC.) is an umbrella-type perennial herb aquatic plant, is a medicinal and edible homology of China and a traditional characteristic aquatic vegetable, and has long cultivation and eating history. At present, the cultivation area of cress in China is about 25 ten thousand mu, and the cress is mainly distributed in Jiangsu, anhui, hubei, jiangxi, zhejiang, hainan and other places. Because the cress has rich nutrition and good medicinal health care function, the edible and resource development and utilization values of the stems and leaves are large, and the cress is favored by wide consumers. Meanwhile, the cress has developed ventilation tissues and root systems, has stronger adsorption and absorption capacities on water nutrient salts, has two functional properties of production and ecology, and is widely applied to bioremediation and treatment of eutrophication water bodies. However, when the optimal growth temperature of the cress is 12-24 ℃ and the air temperature in the 11-month late-period of the Yangtze river basin is reduced to below 10 ℃, the stem leaves of the cress which can grow in winter grow slowly, and the yield and variety are reduced; when the air temperature is reduced to below 5 ℃, the cress plants even stop growing, and the cultivation requirements of people cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a cress rooting culture solution which can promote cress to root rapidly under a low-temperature condition, improve the growth adaptability of cress under a low temperature condition and solve the problems of slow growth, quality and biomass degradation and market supply and demand of cress under a low-temperature condition.
In order to solve the technical problems of the invention, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a cress rooting culture solution, wherein the molar concentration of total nitrogen in the rooting culture solution is 10-30 mmol.L -1 The nitrogen is provided in both ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen; the molar ratio of the ammonia nitrogen to the nitrate nitrogen is 100:0-75:25.
Preferably, the ammoniacal nitrogen is converted to (NH) 4 ) 2 SO 4 Providing a form; the nitrate nitrogen is treated by KNO 3 The form is provided.
Preferably, the macroelements in the rooting culture solution further comprise P, K, mg, ca and Al; the rooting culture solution also comprises trace elements including B, mn, zn, cu, na, mo and Fe.
Preferably, the molar concentration of the macroelement P in the rooting culture solution is 0.014-0.350 mmol.L -1 K has a molar concentration of 0.074 to 1.110 mmol.L -1 The molar concentration of Mg is 0.20-2.00 mmol.L -1 The molar concentration of Ca is 0.10-2.65 mmol.L -1 Al molar concentration of 0.007-0.175 mmol.L -1 ；
The molar concentration of the trace element B in the rooting culture solution is 1.40-35.00 mu mol.L -1 Mn in a molar concentration of 0.02 to 5.00. Mu. Mol.L -1 The molar concentration of Zn is 0.134-3.350 mu mol.L -1 The molar concentration of Cu is 0.03-0.3 mu mol.L -1 Na molar concentration of 0.02-0.47 mu mol.L -1 The molar concentration of Mo is 0.01-0.24 mu mol.L -1 The molar concentration of Fe is 0.84-21.00 mu mol.L -1 。
Preferably, the pH of the rooting culture solution is 6.5-7.3.
The invention also provides a rooting culture method of cress, which comprises the following steps:
taking the rooting culture solution in the technical scheme as a cress rooting culture solution;
and (3) transplanting the water fennel seedlings to the water fennel rooting culture solution for culture after seedling recovery, and obtaining water fennel rooting seedlings.
Preferably, the rooting culture temperature is 0-24 ℃.
Preferably, the culture solution for seedling recovery is clear water; the seedling is slowly grown for 3-5 days.
Preferably, the rooting culture solution is replaced periodically in the culture process, and the rooting culture solution is replaced every 3-7 days; strong light direct irradiation is avoided during rooting culture.
Preferably, the seedling fixing method in the seedling reviving and culturing process comprises the following steps: the joint of the rhizome of the cress is wrapped by sponge and fixed on the floating plate to be contacted with the culture solution.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the cress rooting culture solution provided by the invention has the total nitrogen molar concentration of 10-30 mmol.L -1 The saidThe nitrogen is provided in two forms of ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen, and the molar ratio of the ammonia nitrogen to the nitrate nitrogen is 100:0-75:25. The cress rooting culture solution provided by the invention utilizes nitrogen with different forms and concentration ratios to supply nitrogen sources for cress in the water planting process, and promotes the absorption of nitrogen in the water planting process of cress. The rooting culture solution can promote the quick rooting of cress under the low-temperature condition by regulating and controlling the rooting efficiency of cress through nutrition on the basis of the water planting technology, improves the growth adaptability of cress under the low-temperature condition, and solves the problems of slow growth, biomass reduction and supply shortage of cress under the low-temperature condition. The cress rooting culture solution provided by the invention has the characteristics of accelerating the cress rooting rate under the low-temperature condition, is beneficial to overcoming the season limitation problem of cress production, accelerating the breeding period, and improving the water planting survival rate to enable the survival rate to reach more than 90%. The cress rooting culture solution provided by the invention is beneficial to large-scale production, popularization and application of cress in winter, and has good economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefit. The results of the examples show that the cress rooting culture solution provided by the invention can remarkably promote the growth of cress seedlings in the range of 0-24 ℃, especially at the low temperature of 0-10 ℃, the root growth of cress seedlings can be remarkably promoted, and the growth of overground parts of cress seedlings can be promoted. Therefore, the cress rooting culture solution provided by the invention can still remarkably promote the growth of cress seedlings under winter conditions (below 10 ℃) in Jiang Zhe areas, and solves the problem that cress seedlings grow slowly under winter conditions.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a cress rooting culture solution, wherein the molar concentration of total nitrogen in the rooting culture solution is 10-30 mmol.L -1 The nitrogen is provided in both ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen; the molar ratio of the ammonia nitrogen to the nitrate nitrogen is 100:0-75:25.
In the invention, the total nitrogen molar concentration in the rooting culture solution is 10-30 mmol.L -1 More preferably 10 to 25 mmol.L -1 More preferably 13 to 20 mmol.L -1 More preferably 15 to 18 mmol.L -1 Most preferably 15 mmol.L -1 . The nitrogen adopts two types of ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogenProviding a form; the molar ratio of the ammonia nitrogen to the nitrate nitrogen is 100:0 to 75:25, more preferably 80:20 to 90:10, and still more preferably 85:15. In the present invention, the ammoniacal nitrogen is preferably selected from the group consisting of (NH) 4 ) 2 SO 4 Providing a form; the nitrate nitrogen is preferably KNO 3 The form is provided. The invention is directed to (NH) 4 ) 2 SO 4 And KNO 3 The source of (2) is not particularly limited and may be any commercially available product conventionally used in the art. According to the invention, two types of nitrogen are adopted as nitrogen sources in the cress culture solution, wherein ammonia nitrogen is adopted as a main nitrogen source, and the ammonia nitrogen is matched with nitrate nitrogen to promote the absorption of nitrogen in the cress water culture process, so that the effect of promoting the growth and development of the cress root can be achieved. In the present invention, nitrogen is one of the major elements in rooting medium, which preferably further includes P, K, mg, ca and Al. In the present invention, the molar concentration of the macroelement P in the rooting medium is preferably 0.014 to 0.350 mmol.L -1 More preferably 0.050 to 0.250 mmol.L -1 More preferably 0.060 to 0.150 mmol.L -1 More preferably 0.070 mmol.L -1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The molar concentration of K is preferably 0.074 to 1.110 mmol.L -1 More preferably 0.100 to 0.800 mmol.L -1 More preferably 0.300 to 0.500 mmol.L -1 More preferably 0.37 mmol.L -1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The molar concentration of Mg is preferably 0.20 to 2.00 mmol.L -1 More preferably 0.30 to 1.50 mmol.L -1 More preferably 0.50 to 1.00 mmol.L -1 More preferably 0.67 mmol.L -1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The molar concentration of Ca is preferably 0.10 to 2.65 mmol.L -1 More preferably 0.25 to 2.00 mmol.L -1 More preferably 0.35 to 1.00 mmol.L -1 More preferably 0.53 mmol.L -1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The molar concentration of Al is preferably 0.007 to 0.175 mmol.L -1 More preferably 0.015 to 0.150 mmol.L -1 More preferably 0.030 to 0.085 mmol.L -1 More preferably 0.035 mmol.L -1 . In the present invention, the rooting medium preferably further comprises trace elements. The trace elements preferably include B, mn, zn, cu, na, mo and Fe. In the present inventionIn the rooting culture, the molar concentration of B is preferably 1.40-35.00 mu mol.L -1 More preferably 3.00 to 20.00. Mu. Mol.L -1 More preferably 5.00 to 10.00. Mu. Mol.L -1 More preferably 7.00. Mu. Mol.L -1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Mn is preferably present in a molar concentration of 0.02 to 5.00. Mu. Mol.L -1 More preferably 0.30 to 4.00. Mu. Mol.L -1 More preferably 0.50 to 2.00. Mu. Mol.L -1 More preferably 1.00. Mu. Mol.L -1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The molar concentration of Zn is preferably 0.134 to 3.350. Mu. Mol.L -1 More preferably 0.228 to 2.350. Mu. Mol.L -1 More preferably 0.500 to 1.100. Mu. Mol.L -1 More preferably 0.67. Mu. Mol.L -1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The molar concentration of Cu is preferably 0.03 to 0.3. Mu. Mol.L -1 More preferably 0.05 to 0.20. Mu. Mol.L -1 More preferably 0.10 to 0.15. Mu. Mol.L -1 More preferably 0.13. Mu. Mol.L -1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The molar concentration of Na is preferably 0.02 to 0.47. Mu. Mol.L -1 More preferably 0.05 to 0.30. Mu. Mol.L -1 More preferably 0.08 to 0.20. Mu. Mol.L -1 More preferably 0.094. Mu. Mol.L -1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The molar concentration of Mo is preferably 0.01 to 0.24. Mu. Mol.L -1 More preferably 0.025 to 0.15. Mu. Mol.L -1 More preferably 0.04 to 0.10. Mu. Mol.L -1 More preferably 0.047. Mu. Mol.L -1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The molar concentration of Fe is preferably 0.84 to 21.00. Mu. Mol.L -1 More preferably 2.00 to 15.00. Mu. Mol.L -1 More preferably 4.00 to 8.00. Mu. Mol.L -1 More preferably 4.2. Mu. Mol.L -1 . In the present invention, the P is preferably derived from KH 2 PO 4 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The K is preferably derived from KH 2 PO 4 And K 2 SO 4 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The Mg is preferably from MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O; the Ca is preferably derived from CaCl 2 ·2H 2 O; the Al is preferably derived from Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ·18H 2 O; said B is preferably derived from H 3 BO 4 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The Mn is preferably derived from MnSO 4 ·H 2 O; the Zn is preferably derived from ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O; the Cu is excellentFrom CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O; the Na and Mo are preferably derived from Na 2 MoO 4 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The Fe is preferably derived from EDTA-Fe. The invention aims at KH 2 PO 4 、K 2 SO4、MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O、CaCl 2 ·2H 2 O、Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ·18H 2 O、H 3 BO 4 、MnSO 4 ·H 2 O、ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O、CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O、Na 2 MoO 4 And EDTA-Fe, the source of which is not particularly limited, and conventional commercial products in the art can be used. The major elements and the trace elements in the rooting culture solution can promote the quick rooting of the cress under the low-temperature condition by regulating and controlling the rooting efficiency of the cress through nutrition, and the growth adaptability of the cress under the low-temperature condition is improved.
In the present invention, the pH of the rooting medium is preferably 6.3 to 7.3, more preferably 6.5 to 7.0, and most preferably 6.5. The pH of the rooting culture solution is the pH suitable for growth of cress, and can stably promote rooting of cress. In the invention, the rooting culture solution is preferably deionized water.
In the invention, the preparation method of the cress rooting culture solution preferably comprises the following steps:
respectively weighing all major elements according to the molar concentration, and then mixing all major elements to obtain a major element mixture;
respectively weighing the microelements according to the molar concentration, and then mixing the microelements to obtain a microelement mixture;
and adding the major element mixture into water, uniformly mixing, adding the trace element mixture into water, and regulating the pH value to obtain the cress rooting culture solution. The preparation method of the cress rooting culture solution provided by the invention adopts a step-by-step mixing method to mix the raw material components, so that the generation of precipitation in the preparation process of the culture solution can be prevented, and meanwhile, the raw materials are mixed more fully. The pH adjustor is not particularly limited and any pH adjustor conventionally used in the art may be used in the present invention.
The invention also provides a rooting culture method of cress, which comprises the following steps:
taking the rooting culture solution in the technical scheme as a cress rooting culture solution;
and (3) transplanting the water fennel seedlings to the water fennel rooting culture solution for culture after seedling recovery, and obtaining water fennel rooting seedlings.
The rooting culture solution in the technical scheme is used as the cress rooting culture solution.
According to the invention, the cress rooting culture solution utilizes nitrogen with different forms to supply nitrogen sources for cress in the water planting process, so that nitrogen absorption in the water planting process of cress is promoted; on the basis of the water planting technology, the rooting efficiency of the cress is regulated and controlled through nutrition, and meanwhile, a stable culture environment is provided, so that the cress can be promoted to rapidly root under the low-temperature condition, the growth adaptability of the cress under the low-temperature condition is improved, and the problems of the quality and biomass degradation of the cress under the low-temperature condition are solved.
After the cress rooting culture solution is obtained, the cress seedlings are transplanted to the cress rooting culture solution for culture after seedling is recovered, and the cress rooting seedlings are obtained.
In the invention, the cress seedlings are preferably cress seedlings with consistent growth vigor. The height of the cress seedling is preferably 10-20 cm, more preferably 10cm. The seedling of the invention is preferably one or more than two of Suzhou circle She Shuiqin, li yang white celery and Jinling No. 1 seedling. In the present invention, the cress seedlings are preferably derived from agricultural planting bases. The seedling recovery and the culture in the rooting culture solution are referred to as rooting culture process. In the invention, the seedling fixing method in the rooting culture process is preferably as follows: the joint of the rhizome of the cress is wrapped by sponge and fixed on a Shui Peipiao floating plate to be contacted with the culture solution. In the rooting culture process, the culture solution is preferably kept in contact with the water-absorbing sponge strip. In the present invention, the hydroponic floating plate is preferably a floating plate with holes, and more preferably a PVC foam plate with holes. In the invention, the aperture of the Shui Peipiao floating plate is preferably 2.5cm. The round holes are used for fixing seedlings. In the present invention, the hydroponic floating plate is preferably sterilized with NaClO before use. In the present invention, the NaClO is preferably an aqueous NaClO solution, and more preferably 30% by mass of NaClO. The sterilization time according to the invention is preferably 20 minutes. The invention preferably cleans the sterilized water planting floating plate to remove the sterilizing liquid and then carries out cress rooting culture.
The temperature condition of the rooting culture is 0-24 ℃; the temperature of suitable water culture is 0-24 ℃; more preferably, the temperature is from 0℃to 16℃and still more preferably from 4℃to 10℃and still more preferably 4 ℃. The rooting culture method provided by the invention enables the cress seedlings to rapidly root under the low-temperature condition, and removes the restriction of low temperature on cress growth. In the rooting culture process, the cress seedlings are preferably prevented from direct irradiation of strong light; the mode of avoiding strong light from directly irradiating is preferably to carry out shading treatment by adopting a shading net. The rooting culture process avoids direct irradiation of strong light, is favorable for weakening the transpiration effect of seedlings, ensures that the seedlings keep sufficient moisture, and prevents the seedlings from wilting and dysplasia. The invention preferably maintains good indoor ventilation during rooting culture.
Before seedling reviving, the invention preferably cleans the root of the seedling with clean water. The cleaning method is not particularly limited, and conventional cleaning methods in the art can be adopted. The invention preferably eliminates damaged and aged roots when cleaning the roots of the cress seedlings. The culture solution for seedling reviving in the rooting culture process is preferably clear water; the seedling-recovering time is 3-5 d, more preferably 3d. In the present invention, the seedling-growing process is preferably performed in an opaque hydroponic tank containing 25L of clear water. The hydroponic tank is preferably a 58cm by 44cm by 33cm incubator. In the case of seedling growth, 18 to 36 seedlings, more preferably 24 seedlings, are preferably bred in each incubator. The invention is mainly used for seedling reviving to relieve adverse effect of growth environment change on seedling and keep vigorous growth vigor.
After seedling recovery is completed, the cress seedlings are transplanted to the cress rooting culture solution for culture. In the present invention, the cultivation is preferably performed in an incubator, and the amount of the cress rooting medium is preferably 1/2 to 3/4, more preferably 2/3, of the volume of the incubator. The rooting medium is preferably replaced every 3 to 7 days, more preferably every 3 to 5 days, and even more preferably every 3 days. In the present invention, the incubator is preferably a plastic box having a width of 20 to 30cm, a length of 30 to 40cm, and a depth of 10 to 15cm, and more preferably a plastic box having a width of 20cm, a length of 30cm, and a depth of 10cm. In the invention, the hydroponic floating plate in the incubator is preferably a PVC foam plate with the width of 20-30 cm, the length of 30-40 cm and the thickness of 0.8-1.5 cm, more preferably a PVC foam plate with the width of 20cm, the length of 30cm and the thickness of 0.8 cm. The time for the cultivation of the present invention is preferably 3 to 14 days, more preferably 3 to 7 days, and still more preferably 5 days. The cress rooting culture method can improve the rooting condition of cress under the low-temperature condition, shorten the rooting time, increase the rooting quantity, the total root length and the root thickness and promote root system development.
After the cress rooting seedlings are obtained, the cress rooting seedlings can be directly planted in eutrophic water or shallow water according to the needs by using a conventional floating bed technology, and can also be continuously cultivated in rooting culture solution to obtain the cress seedlings.
According to the invention, a specific rooting culture solution and a specific rooting culture method are adopted in the rooting culture of cress, and the rooting rate in winter is accelerated by regulating and controlling the rooting efficiency of the cress in winter through nutrition on the basis of a water culture technology; the configuration of nitrogen with different forms is utilized in the water planting process, and adverse effects of low-temperature environment on plant growth can be effectively reduced, the rooting rate is improved and the plant growth is promoted under the winter low-temperature condition and the climate factors of the Yangtze river basin; the invention can enlarge the breeding area, overcome the season limitation problem of cress production, quicken the breeding period, improve the water planting survival rate, reach more than 90 percent, be favorable for industrial production and popularization and application of cress in winter, and have better economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefit.
For further explanation of the present invention, the rooting culture solution of cress and the rooting culture method of cress provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A cress rooting culture solution comprises the following specific components:
macroelements: the total nitrogen concentration was 15.00 mmol.L -1 Wherein the molar ratio of the ammonia nitrogen to the nitrate nitrogen is 75:25, i.e. the molar concentration of the ammonia nitrogen is 11.25 mmol.L -1 Molar concentration of nitrate nitrogen of 3.75 mmol.L -1 The molar concentration of P was 0.07 mmol.L -1 K molar concentration of 0.37 mmol.L -1 The molar concentration of Mg was 0.67 mmol.L -1 Ca molar concentration of 0.53 mmol.L -1 Al molar concentration of 0.035 mmol.L -1 ；
Trace elements: b molar concentration of 7.00. Mu. Mol.L -1 Mn molar concentration of 1.00. Mu. Mol.L -1 Zn molar concentration of 0.67. Mu. Mol.L -1 The molar concentration of Cu was 0.13. Mu. Mol.L -1 Na molar concentration of 0.094. Mu. Mol.L -1 The molar concentration of Mo is 0.047mu mol.L -1 Fe molar concentration of 4.2. Mu. Mol.L -1 。
The pH of the rooting culture medium was 6.5.
Wherein the ammoniacal nitrogen is derived from (NH) 4 ) 2 SO 4 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The nitrate nitrogen comes from KNO 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the P is from KH 2 PO 4 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the K is derived from KH 2 PO 4 And K 2 SO4; mg comes from MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O; ca is derived from CaCl 2 ·2H 2 O; al is derived from Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ·18H 2 O; b is from H 3 BO 4 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Mn is derived from MnSO 4 ·H 2 O; zn is derived from ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O; cu is derived from CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O; na and Mo are derived from Na 2 MoO 4 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Fe is derived from EDTA-Fe.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: separately weigh (NH) 4 ) 2 SO 4 、KNO 3 、KH 2 PO 4 、K 2 SO 4 、MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O、CaCl 2 ·2H 2 O and Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ·18H 2 O causes N, P, K, mg, ca and Al macroelements to meet the above requirements, and (NH) 4 ) 2 SO 4 、KNO 3 、KH 2 PO 4 、K 2 SO 4 、MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O、CaCl 2 ·2H 2 O、Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ·18H 2 Mixing O to obtain a large number of element packages A;
weighing H respectively 3 BO 4 、MnSO 4 ·H 2 O、ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O、CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O、Na 2 MoO 4 And EDTA-Fe to make B, mn, zn, cu, na, mo and Fe microelements meet the above requirements, and make H 3 BO 4 、MnSO 4 ·H 2 O、ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O、CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O、Na 2 MoO 4 Mixing with EDTA-Fe to obtain trace element package B;
adding the major element package A into deionized water, uniformly stirring, then adding the trace element package B, and uniformly stirring to obtain the cress rooting culture solution.
Example 2
The rooting culture solution has the specific composition and the preparation method which are the same as those of the example 1, and the specific composition and the preparation method are as follows: the molar ratio of the ammonia nitrogen to the nitrate nitrogen is 85:15, namely the molar concentration of the ammonia nitrogen is 12.75 mmol.L -1 The molar concentration of nitrate nitrogen is 2.25 mmol.L -1 。
Example 3
The rooting culture solution has the specific composition and the preparation method which are the same as those of the example 1, and the specific composition and the preparation method are as follows: the molar ratio of the ammonia nitrogen to the nitrate nitrogen is 80:20, namely the molar concentration of the ammonia nitrogen is 12 mmol.L -1 The molar concentration of nitrate nitrogen is 3 mmol.L -1 。
Example 4
The rooting culture solution has the specific composition and the preparation method which are the same as those of the example 1, and the specific composition and the preparation method are as follows: the molar ratio of the ammonia nitrogen to the nitrate nitrogen is 90:10, namely the molar concentration of the ammonia nitrogen is 13.5 mmol.L -1 Molar concentration of nitrate nitrogen of 1.5 mmol.L -1 。
Example 5
The rooting culture solution has the specific composition and the preparation method which are the same as those of the example 1, and the specific composition and the preparation method are as follows: molar ratio of ammonia nitrogen to nitrate nitrogenThe molar ratio is 100:0, i.e. the molar concentration of ammonia nitrogen is 15.0 mmol.L -1 。
Comparative example 1
A rooting culture solution has the same specific composition and preparation method as in example 1, and is characterized in that the total nitrogen source is nitrate nitrogen, namely the molar concentration of the nitrate nitrogen is 15.0 mmol.L -1 。
Comparative example 2
A rooting culture solution has the specific composition and the preparation method which are the same as those in the example 1, wherein the molar ratio of ammonia nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen is 25:75, namely the molar concentration of the ammonia nitrogen is 3.75 mmol.L -1 The molar concentration of nitrate nitrogen is 11.25 mmol.L -1 。
Comparative example 3
A rooting culture solution has the specific composition and the preparation method which are the same as those in the example 1, wherein the molar ratio of ammonia nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen is 50:50, namely the molar concentration of the ammonia nitrogen is 7.5 mmol.L -1 Molar concentration of nitrate nitrogen of 7.5 mmol.L -1 。
Example 6
A cress rooting culture method comprises the following specific steps:
the cress rooting culture solution prepared in the example 1 is adopted as the cress rooting culture solution;
the rooting culture process is carried out in a culture chamber, and the temperature in the rooting culture process is 0 ℃; shading treatment is carried out by adopting a shading net in the rooting culture process, so that strong light direct irradiation is avoided; the indoor ventilation is kept good in the rooting culture process; in the rooting culture process, replacing the cress rooting culture solution every 3 days; in the rooting culture process, the culture solution is kept in contact with the water-absorbing sponge strip.
Rooting culture is carried out on Suzhou round She Shuiqin seedlings, 10cm long and uniform-growth round She Shuiqin seedlings are selected, roots are cleaned by clean water, damaged and aged roots are removed, sponge is used for wrapping the joint of the rhizomes of cress and is fixed on a floating plate with holes, the floating plate is placed in an opaque water culture box with 25L of clean water, and seedlings are slowly grown in the clean water for 3 days; the initial stocking amount of the seedlings in the water planting box is 24 plants/box. The volume of the hydroponic tank was 58cm×44cm×33cm.
After seedling is recovered, transplanting the seedling into rooting culture solution for rooting culture, wherein the culture solution is a plastic box body with the width of 20cm, the length of 30cm and the depth of 10cm, the using amount of the culture solution is 1/2 of the volume of the culture box, the width of a water culture floating plate is 10cm, the length of 30cm and the thickness of 0.8cm, a PVC (polyvinyl chloride) foaming plate with the diameter of 2.5cm is arranged on a Shui Peipiao floating plate and is used for fixing the seedling, the stocking amount in each box is 24 plants/box, and 5 parallel plates are arranged. Culturing for 7 days to obtain the cress rooting seedling.
Example 7
A method for rooting culture of cress comprises the same steps as in example 6, wherein the temperature in the rooting culture process is 4 ℃. Culturing for 5 days to obtain the cress rooting seedling.
Example 8
A method for rooting culture of cress comprises the same steps as in example 6, wherein the temperature in the rooting culture process is 10 ℃. Culturing for 5 days to obtain the cress rooting seedling.
Example 9
A method for rooting culture of cress comprises the same steps as in example 6, wherein the temperature in the rooting culture process is 16 ℃. Culturing for 3 days to obtain the cress rooting seedling.
Example 10
A method for rooting culture of cress comprises the same steps as in example 6, wherein the temperature in the rooting culture process is 24 ℃. Culturing for 3 days to obtain the cress rooting seedling.
Example 11
A method for rooting culture of cress comprises the specific steps as in the embodiment 7, wherein the cress seedlings are Li-Yang cress seedlings. Culturing for 5 days to obtain the cress rooting seedling.
Example 12
A method for rooting culture of cress comprises the same steps as in the embodiment 7, wherein the cress seedlings are Jinling No. 1 seedlings. Culturing for 5 days to obtain the cress rooting seedling.
Example 13
A cress rooting culture method specifically comprises the same steps as in example 7, wherein the rooting culture solution is the cress rooting culture solution prepared in example 2. Culturing for 5 days to obtain the cress rooting seedling.
Example 14
A cress rooting culture method specifically comprises the same steps as in example 7, wherein the rooting culture solution is the cress rooting culture solution prepared in example 3. Culturing for 5 days to obtain the cress rooting seedling.
Example 15
A cress rooting culture method specifically comprises the same steps as in example 7, wherein the rooting culture solution is the cress rooting culture solution prepared in example 4. Culturing for 5 days to obtain the cress rooting seedling.
Example 16
A cress rooting culture method specifically comprises the same steps as in example 7, wherein the rooting culture solution is the cress rooting culture solution prepared in example 5. Culturing for 5 days to obtain the cress rooting seedling.
Comparative example 4
A method for rooting culture of cress comprises the following specific steps as in example 7, wherein the rooting culture solution is prepared in comparative example 1. Culturing for 10 days to obtain the cress rooting seedling.
Comparative example 5
A method for rooting culture of cress comprises the following specific steps as in example 7, wherein the rooting culture solution is prepared in comparative example 2. Culturing for 7 days to obtain the cress rooting seedling.
Comparative example 6
A method for rooting culture of cress comprises the following specific steps as in example 7, wherein the rooting culture solution is prepared in comparative example 3. Culturing for 5 days to obtain the cress rooting seedling.
Comparative example 7
The water culture of cress seedling is carried out by adopting Hoagland culture solution, the culture temperature is 4 ℃, and the specific culture method is the same as that of example 7. Culturing for 15 days to obtain the cress rooting seedling.
Comparative example 8
The water culture is carried out on the cress seedlings by adopting Hoagland culture solution, the culture temperature is 0 ℃, and the specific culture method is the same as that of the example 7. Culturing for 15 days to obtain the cress rooting seedling.
Application example 1
Statistical observations were made on root length, root number and root thickness after rooting culture for 5 days in the rooting culture process of examples 6 to 16 and comparative examples 4 to 8. Under the same culture conditions, namely the primary root culture solution and the culture conditions in each implementation of the invention, the growth state of the cress seedlings is observed statistically when the cress rooting seedlings are continuously cultured for 28 days. Wherein the root thickness is measured by a digital vernier caliper with the precision of 0.01 cm; the total root length and root tip number were measured and counted using a root system scanner (Winrhizo software) and a counting method. The statistical method of the growth state of the seedling is specifically to measure the fresh weight and dry weight of the overground part of the seedling and the fresh weight and dry weight of the root system, and simultaneously, the TTC method in Li Gesheng (2000) plant physiological and biochemical experimental principles and techniques is adopted to measure the activity of the root system.
After rooting culture for 5 days, the total root length, root thickness and root tip number of cress are shown in Table 1. On the basis of the rooting culture time, the fresh weight and dry weight of the overground parts of the cress seedlings after 28 days of culture are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 1 effects of different treatments on Cress root length, root thickness and root count
| Group of | Total root length (cm) | Root thickness (mm) | Root tip count |
| Example 6 | 173.20±22.43 | 1.08±0.05 | 98.50±17.50 |
| Example 7 | 184.17±19.13 | 1.13±0.05 | 99.67±12.81 |
| Example 8 | 187.76±4.04 | 1.07±0.06 | 101.00±3.21 |
| Example 9 | 189.64±21.24 | 1.11±0.06 | 103.33±8.74 |
| Example 10 | 216.95±23.31 | 1.15±0.02 | 106.33±17.48 |
| Example 11 | 151.20±21.88 | 1.05±0.03 | 105.67±16.48 |
| Example 12 | 170.73±12.70 | 1.08±0.06 | 115.00±11.24 |
| Example 13 | 340.55±59.66 | 1.34±0.05 | 199.33±39.54 |
| Example 14 | 316.63±15.74 | 1.31±0.06 | 189.00±36.17 |
| Example 15 | 270.51±21.63 | 1.21±0.06 | 115.00±24.66 |
| Example 16 | 257.49±2.94 | 1.15±0.03 | 110.00±8.72 |
| Comparative example 4 | 125.62±15.49 | 0.96±0.04 | 87.00±8.62 |
| Comparative example 5 | 140.48±1.84 | 1.00±0.02 | 90.33±3.71 |
| Comparative example 6 | 164.93±4.87 | 0.98±0.05 | 90.33±11.26 |
| Comparative example 7 | 131.98±0.81 | 0.97±0.07 | 79.00±14.73 |
| Comparative example 8 | 112.80±18.22 | 0.90±0.00 | 80.00±2.08 |
As can be obtained from table 1, according to examples 6 to 10, when the molar ratio of ammonia nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen is 75:25, the higher the hydroponic temperature is, the higher the numerical value of the cress root system development index (total root length, root thickness and root tip number) is, which indicates that the higher the cress hydroponic temperature is, the faster the root system development speed is under the same ammonia-nitrogen ratio condition, and the natural optimum growth temperature rule of the cress variety is met. However, it is worth mentioning that the difference between the growth index of the cress root system in the range of 0 ℃ to 16 ℃ and the growth index of the cress root system under the condition of the proper temperature of 24 ℃ is not great, and the cress rooting culture solution provided by the invention can solve the problems of slow growth and biomass reduction of cress under the condition of low temperature by combining the comparative examples 7 and 8.
As shown in examples 7 and 13 to 16 and comparative examples 4 to 6, when the temperature was 4℃the rooting medium had a pH of 6.5 and a total nitrogen molar concentration of 15 mmol.L -1 When the ammonium nitrate ratio is different, the growth indexes (total root length, root thickness and root tip number) of the cress root system are different; the growth index of the cress root system is obviously better than that of the ammonia-nitrate molar ratio in the culture solution is 0:100, 25:75 and 50:50 when the molar ratio of the ammonia-nitrate nitrogen to the nitrate nitrogen is 100:0-75:25. Wherein, the ammonia-nitrate molar ratio is in the range of 100:0-75:25, as the ratio increases, the growth index of the water fennel root system shows a trend of increasing firstly and then decreasing secondly, when the molar ratio of ammonia nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen is 85:15, the growth index of the water fennel root system is optimal and is obviously higher than that of the ammonia nitrogen and the nitrate nitrogen in other stripsThe rooting condition under the rooting medium shows that the molar ratio of ammonia nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen in the rooting culture solution can effectively regulate and control the growth index and the development condition of the root system of cress at the low temperature of 4 ℃.
As shown by comparing examples 7 and 13-16 with comparative example 7, the rooting culture solution provided by the invention has a promoting effect on the growth index of the cress root system at the low temperature of 4 ℃, is obviously better than that of the conventional Hoagland culture solution, and has the capability of effectively promoting the growth of the cress root system at the low temperature.
As shown in examples 11 and 12, the cress rooting culture solution and the cress rooting culture method provided by the invention are applicable to Liyang white cress and Jinling No. 1 except for being applicable to Suzhou circle She Shuiqin.
The comparison of the example 6 and the comparative example 8 shows that the rooting culture solution provided by the invention also has the capability of obviously improving the growth index of the cress root system under the low-temperature 0 ℃ culture condition.
TABLE 2 Effect of different treatments on the development of aerial parts of Cress seedlings
According to the results of examples 6-10, under the condition of the same ammonia-nitrogen ratio, the higher the hydroponic temperature of the cress rooting is, the higher the numerical value of the early root system development index (total root length, root thickness and root tip number) is, and the larger the biomass of the overground parts of the following cress growth is. The water planting temperature of the cress is higher, the root system development speed is higher, the growth and development of the whole cress plant are facilitated, and the water planting temperature meets the natural optimal growth temperature rule of the cress variety in the patent. However, it is noted that the comparison of examples 6 to 10 also shows that when the ammonia-nitrate molar ratio is 75:25 and the temperature range is between 0 ℃ and 16 ℃, the difference between the biomass index of the overground part growth of cress and the biomass index at 24 ℃ is not obvious, and the rooting culture solution provided by the invention also plays a certain advantage under the low-temperature condition in the aspect of promoting root system activity. The cress rooting culture solution provided by the invention can solve the problems of slow growth and biomass reduction of cress under the low-temperature condition by controlling the molar concentration ratio of ammonia nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen.
As can be seen from Table 2, by comparing examples 7 and 13 to 16 with comparative examples 4 to 6, the rooting medium had a pH of 6.5 and a total nitrogen molar concentration of 15 mmol.L at a temperature of 4 ℃ -1 When the ammonium nitrate ratio is different, the biomass of the overground parts of cress is different; the molar ratio of ammonia nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen is 100:0-75:25, and the biomass of the overground parts of cress and the activity of root systems are obviously superior to the growth indexes of which the molar ratio of ammonia nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen in the culture solution is 0:100, 25:75 and 50:50. The method is consistent with the early stage cress root system development index, which shows that the ammonium nitrate ratio in the cress rooting culture solution is different under the low temperature condition, and the root system development condition is different; the growth conditions of the root system in the early stage of the cress are different, and the whole plant can also grow differently, so that the biomass of the overground part and the activity of the root system in the later stage of the cress are directly influenced. Meanwhile, when the molar ratio of ammonia nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen is 85:15, the overground growth index and root system activity of cress are also optimal, which shows that the molar ratio of ammonia nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen in the rooting culture solution effectively regulates and controls the growth index and development condition of the root system of cress and influences the subsequent growth and development condition of the whole cress at the low temperature of 4 ℃.
By comparing examples 7 and 13-16 with comparative example 7, the rooting culture solution provided by the invention has a remarkably better effect of promoting the growth index and root activity of the overground parts of cress at the low temperature of 4 ℃ than the conventional Hoagland culture solution, and the low-temperature rooting culture solution provided by the invention is confirmed again to promote the overground part biomass and root activity of cress while promoting the root development of the cress by controlling the molar concentration ratio of ammonia nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen.
As shown in examples 11 and 12, the cress rooting culture solution and the cress rooting culture method provided by the invention are applicable to Liyang white cress and Jinling No. 1 except for being applicable to Suzhou circle She Shuiqin.
The comparison of the example 6 and the comparative example 8 shows that the rooting culture solution provided by the invention also has the capability of obviously improving the overground growth index and root system activity of cress under the low-temperature 0 ℃ culture condition.
In conclusion, the cress rooting culture solution and the cress rooting culture method provided by the invention can promote cress to rapidly root under a low-temperature condition, improve the growth adaptability of cress under a low-temperature condition, solve the problems of slow cress growth and biomass reduction under a low-temperature condition, increase the rooting quantity and root thickness while shortening the rooting time, and also improve the yield of the overground parts of cress while obviously improving the root system development of cress.
Although the foregoing embodiments have been described in some, but not all, embodiments of the invention, it should be understood that other embodiments may be devised in accordance with the present embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A cress rooting culture solution is characterized in that the total nitrogen molar concentration in the rooting culture solution is 15.00 mmol.L -1 The nitrogen is provided in both ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen; the molar ratio of the ammonia nitrogen to the nitrate nitrogen is 100:0-75:25;
the major elements in the rooting culture solution also comprise P, K, mg, ca and Al; the rooting culture solution also comprises trace elements, wherein the trace elements comprise B, mn, zn, cu, na, mo and Fe;
the molar concentration of the macroelement P in the rooting culture solution is 0.07 mmol.L -1 K molar concentration of 0.37 mmol.L -1 The molar concentration of Mg was 0.67 mmol.L -1 Ca molar concentration of 0.53 mmol.L -1 Al molar concentration of 0.035 mmol.L -1 ；
The molar concentration of the trace element B in the rooting culture solution is 7.00 mu mol.L -1 Mn molar concentration of 1.00. Mu. Mol.L -1 Zn molar concentration of 0.67. Mu. Mol.L -1 The molar concentration of Cu was 0.13. Mu. Mol.L -1 Na molar concentration of 0.094. Mu. Mol.L -1 The molar concentration of Mo is 0.047mu mol.L -1 Fe molar concentration of 4.2. Mu. Mol.L -1 ；
The pH of the rooting culture solution is 6.5.
2. The rooting medium of claim 1, wherein the ammoniacal nitrogen is present as (NH) 4 ) 2 SO 4 Providing a form; the nitrate nitrogen is treated by KNO 3 The form is provided.
3. The rooting culture method of cress is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
taking the rooting culture solution as a cress rooting culture solution, wherein the rooting culture solution is as defined in claim 1 or 2;
and (3) transplanting the water fennel seedlings to the water fennel rooting culture solution for culture after seedling recovery, and obtaining water fennel rooting seedlings.
4. The rooting culture method according to claim 3, wherein the rooting culture temperature is 0-24 ℃.
5. The rooting culture method according to claim 3, wherein the culture solution for seedling recovery is clear water; the seedling is slowly grown for 3-5 days.
6. The rooting culture method according to claim 3, wherein the rooting culture solution is replaced periodically during the culture process every 3-7 days; strong light is prevented from being directly irradiated during the culture period.
7. The rooting culture method according to claim 3, wherein the seedling fixing method in the seedling reviving and culturing process comprises the following steps: the joint of the rhizome of the cress is wrapped by sponge and fixed on the floating plate to be contacted with the culture solution.
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| CN1382368A (en) * | 2002-04-29 | 2002-12-04 | 刘国栋 | Soilless liquid culture method for plant |
| CN109438022A (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2019-03-08 | 湖北大学 | A kind of dedicated mill water culture nutrient solution of Chinese celery |
| GB202209225D0 (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2022-08-10 | Inst Soil Science Cas | Hydroponic nutrient solution of vegetable and application thereof |
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| CN1382368A (en) * | 2002-04-29 | 2002-12-04 | 刘国栋 | Soilless liquid culture method for plant |
| CN109438022A (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2019-03-08 | 湖北大学 | A kind of dedicated mill water culture nutrient solution of Chinese celery |
| GB202209225D0 (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2022-08-10 | Inst Soil Science Cas | Hydroponic nutrient solution of vegetable and application thereof |
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