CN115568387A - Method for improving saline-alkali resistance of corn - Google Patents
Method for improving saline-alkali resistance of corn Download PDFInfo
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- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- BTCSSZJGUNDROE-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-aminobutyric acid Chemical compound NCCCC(O)=O BTCSSZJGUNDROE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 150000008442 polyphenolic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- OGNSCSPNOLGXSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-DABA Natural products NCCC(N)C(O)=O OGNSCSPNOLGXSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229960003692 gamma aminobutyric acid Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 241000586290 Suaeda salsa Species 0.000 claims description 25
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 208000003643 Callosities Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 206010020649 Hyperkeratosis Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000002262 Litsea cubeba Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012854 Litsea cubeba Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000178920 Brassica alboglabra Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011303 Brassica alboglabra Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001252483 Kalimeris Species 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 15
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 11
- 206010021033 Hypomenorrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 10
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 description 6
- 159000000011 group IA salts Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 241000735470 Juncus Species 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000008216 herbs Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000011299 Brassica oleracea var botrytis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000017647 Brassica oleracea var italica Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000003259 Brassica oleracea var. botrytis Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 235000010149 Brassica rapa subsp chinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000000536 Brassica rapa subsp pekinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000499436 Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000001140 Mimosa pudica Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016462 Mimosa pudica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000209504 Poaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012272 crop production Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003630 growth substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002366 mineral element Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004402 polyphenol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007226 seed germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/44—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids
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- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving saline-alkali resistance of corn, which comprises the steps of taking a solution containing Chinese kalimeris polyphenol and gamma-aminobutyric acid as a seed soaking solution, carrying out seed soaking treatment on corn seeds by using the seed soaking solution, and carrying out germination accelerating culture; and (3) sowing the obtained germinated seeds into soil, and spraying the seed soaking liquid on leaf surfaces when the corn grows to three leaves and one heart to five leaves and one heart. By adopting the method, the emergence rate of the sown corn seeds on the saline-alkali soil is obviously higher and reaches 96%, the growth condition of the corn cultivated in the saline-alkali soil is basically consistent with that of the corn cultivated in normal soil, and the saline-alkali resistance of the corn treated by the method is excellent. The method has the advantages of easily available raw materials, low cost, simple and convenient operation method and easy popularization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, in particular to a method for improving saline-alkali tolerance of corn.
Background
Land salinization is a major environmental factor that compromises crop production. The salinized soil contains NaCl and Na 2 SO 4 Affected saline land, by NaHCO 3 And Na 2 CO 3 Affected saline and alkaline land. Salinization and alkalization occur together in saline-alkali soil, and alkaline salt not only has the stress action of neutral salt, but also has special actions of high pH and obviously inhibiting the utilization of mineral elements by plants, so NaHCO in soil 3 And Na 2 CO 3 The alkaline salt is NaCl, na 2 SO 4 The neutral salt has larger ecological destructive power.
Corn is widely planted in tropical and temperate regions and is an important food crop in China. The corn is C4 crop of Gramineae, belongs to salt sensitive plant, and has poor salt and alkali tolerance. The yield of corn planted in moderate saline-alkali soil (with the salt content of 0.3-0.5%) can be reduced by over 20 percent generally, and the serious saline-alkali soil is up to over 40 percent. At present, a mode for improving the saline-alkali resistance of the corn can be started from the aspects of cultivating a new saline-alkali resistant variety, using a saline-alkali resistant seed coating agent and the like. The cultivation of new saline-alkali tolerant varieties is not easy to succeed, the research and development period is long, and achievements are difficult to obtain in a short time. The saline-alkali tolerant seed coating agent can achieve a certain effect, but can only promote seed germination, does not well improve the growth of the seedling stage, and causes low yield of later-stage corns.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects of the prior art, a method for obviously improving the saline-alkali tolerance of the corn is researched through continuous screening and adjustment.
The scheme of the invention comprises the following steps:
a method for improving saline-alkali tolerance of corn comprises the following steps:
taking a solution containing the suaeda salsa polyphenol and the gamma-aminobutyric acid as a seed soaking solution (prepared by taking water as a solvent), and carrying out seed soaking treatment on corn seeds by using the seed soaking solution and carrying out germination accelerating culture; and (3) sowing the obtained germinated seeds into soil, and spraying the seed soaking liquid on leaf surfaces when the corn grows to three leaves and one heart to five leaves and one heart.
Preferably, the seed soaking liquid is a solution containing 2.5-5.0 mg/L of Chinese litsea herb polyphenol and 0.125-0.25 mmol/L of gamma-aminobutyric acid.
Preferably, the preparation method of the suaeda salsa polyphenol comprises the following steps: taking the whole Chinese kalimeris herb, adopting an alcohol solvent with the volume fraction of 15-30% to leach for at least 1h at the temperature of 35-45 ℃ and the pH value of 5-6, and decompressing, concentrating and drying an extracting solution for later use (preliminary screening determines that the polyphenol obtained under the condition has the highest saline-alkali resistance activity on the corn).
Preferably, the alcohol solvent is ethanol and/or methanol.
Preferably, the soil is soil with salt content not higher than 0.40%.
Preferably, the saline-alkali soil is saline-alkali soil caused by alkaline salt, and the alkaline salt comprises sodium carbonate or sodium bicarbonate.
Preferably, the corn is fresh corn No. 4.
The soil salinity is the mass percentage of the salinity in the soil to the mass of the dry soil.
The saline-alkali soil is composed of alkaline salt (NaHCO) 3 Or Na 2 CO 3 ) And (4) causing saline-alkali soil.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention takes solution containing the litsea cubeba polyphenol and gamma-aminobutyric acid as seed soaking liquid to carry out seed soaking treatment and germination acceleration culture on corn seeds, and seeds for germination are sown. The emergence rate of the sown corn seeds on the saline-alkali soil is obviously higher and reaches 96 percent. And when the corn grows to three leaves and one heart to five leaves and one heart, the leaf surfaces are supplemented and sprayed with the seed soaking liquid. The result shows that the growth condition of the corn cultivated in the saline-alkali soil is basically consistent with that of the corn cultivated in the normal soil, and further shows that the saline-alkali tolerance of the corn treated by the method is excellent.
The Chinese broccoli polyphenol and the gamma-aminobutyric acid in the seed soaking solution have a certain synergistic effect, so that the dosage of the effective components is reduced on the basis of effectively improving the saline-alkali tolerance of the corn, and the cost is effectively controlled.
The Chinese bulbifer is commonly found in seaside sand, is a wild plant widely existing in coastal areas such as Hainan and the like, and the gamma-aminobutyric acid is also a common growth regulator. The materials used in the invention are easy to obtain, low in price and easy to popularize and use.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical content of the invention, specific examples are provided below to further illustrate the invention.
Experiment one: determination of germination rate and determination of saline-alkali resistance of corn seeds
Materials and reagents:
the yellow beard vegetable polyphenol: taking a whole plant of fresh Chinese juncus herbs, cleaning, extracting for 1h by adopting ethanol with the volume fraction of 20% at the temperature of 40 ℃ and the pH value of 5.0 according to the material-liquid ratio mL/g of 10: 1, and concentrating and drying the extract under reduced pressure for later use. Salicylic acid, gamma-aminobutyric acid and tea polyphenol are all commercial products.
(1) Seed soaking and germination accelerating treatment:
selecting plump fresh corn seeds of Yunuo No. 4 with uniform size, soaking the seeds in mixed liquid obtained by respectively combining water, salicylic acid solution, huangxucai polyphenol solution, gamma-aminobutyric acid solution, tea polyphenol solution and the solutions in pairs for 12h, taking out the seeds, placing the seeds in culture dishes paved with 3 layers of filter paper, placing 20 corn seeds in each culture dish, and repeating the steps for 3 times. The seeds were covered with wet filter paper and placed in an incubator at 26 ± 2 ℃ (photoperiod L/D = 14. And counting the germination rate on the 7 th day, and taking the root length more than or equal to 0.2cm as the germination standard.
The results show that the germination rate of each group is higher than 93%.
(2) Using alkaline salts Na 2 CO 3 Normal soil (salt content is 0.11-0.12%) is treated to make its salt content reach 0.38-0.40%, and said soil is used as experimental soil for saline-alkali soil. And (2) sowing the germinated seeds obtained in the step (1) into normal soil and saline-alkali soil respectively (the step is carried out in a subarea mode, each group of seeds is repeatedly tested for three times, 100 seeds are sowed each time), and after 7 days of sowing, the rate of emergence is counted, and the result is shown in table 1. Rate of emergence = (number of emergence/number of seeds) × 100%. When the corn grows to three leaves and one heart, the leavesAnd (3) supplementing and spraying corresponding seed soaking liquid of each group, and measuring the relative plant height after 10d (the relative plant height = saline-alkali soil plant height/normal soil plant height).
TABLE 1
| Seed soaking liquid | Rate of emergence/% of saline and alkaline land | Normal rate of soil emergence/%) | Relative plant height |
| 0.25mmol/L salicylic acid | 89.7±1.2 | 94.7±0.6 | 0.81±0.02 |
| 5.0mg/L of Huangxucai polyphenol | 94.0±1.0 | 97.0±1.0 | 0.85±0.01 |
| 0.25mmol/L of gamma-aminobutyric acid | 84.7±0.6 | 96.7±0.6 | 0.82±0.03 |
| 0.25mmol/L tea polyphenols | 89.0±1.0 | 95.3±0.6 | 0.84±0.01 |
| Water (W) | 73.7±1.5 | 96.3±1.5 | 0.72±0.01 |
| Salicylic acid 0.125mmol/L and Chinese cabbage polyphenol 2.5mg/L | 89.7±0.6 | 95.7±1.2 | 0.88±0.01 |
| 0.125mmol/L salicylic acid +0.125mmol/L gamma-aminobutyric acid | 87.3±0.6 | 97.3±0.6 | 0.85±0.02 |
| 0.125mmol/L salicylic acid +0.125mmol/L tea polyphenols | 90.3±0.6 | 95.0±0 | 0.82±0.01 |
| 2.5mg/L of Sucus luteus polyphenol and 0.125mmol/L of gamma-aminobutyric acid | 96.3±1.5 | 97.0±1.0 | 0.98±0.02 |
| 2.5mg/L of Sucus luteus polyphenol and 0.125mmol/L of tea polyphenol | 89.7±0.6 | 95.7±1.2 | 0.84±0.02 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid +0.125mmol/L tea polyphenol | 85.3±1.5 | 96.3±1.2 | 0.83±0.03 |
The results show that after the germination seeds of each group are sowed in the saline-alkali soil, obvious salt damage effects are shown, but the saline-alkali tolerance effects of the germination seeds of each group are different. Wherein, the emergence rates of the saline-alkali soil of the suaeda salsa polyphenol group and the suaeda salsa polyphenol + gamma-aminobutyric acid group are higher and reach 94% and 96.3% respectively. The emergence rate (84.7%) of the gamma-aminobutyric acid group is lower than that of the ulexine polyphenol group (94.0%), but the emergence rate of the gamma-aminobutyric acid group and the ulexine polyphenol group after mixing reaches 96.3%, which shows that the gamma-aminobutyric acid group and the ulexine polyphenol group have a certain synergistic effect. From the relative plant height, the relative plant height of the suaeda salsa polyphenol and gamma-aminobutyric acid group is 0.98 which is close to 1, which shows that the growth condition of the corn cultivated in the saline-alkali soil is basically consistent with that of the corn cultivated in the normal soil, and further shows that the corn of the group has excellent saline-alkali resistance, and the corn can normally grow on the saline-alkali soil with the salt content of 0.38-0.40%.
Based on all experimental results, we summarize the operation standard process for improving the saline-alkali tolerance of corn. The following examples are some examples, and the effects of the following examples are similar to those of the above Huangqi broccoli polyphenol + gamma-aminobutyric acid group, and the germination rate, emergence rate, relative plant height and the like are not significantly different from those of the above Huangqi broccoli polyphenol + gamma-aminobutyric acid group.
Example 1 method for improving saline-alkali tolerance of corn
(1) Extracting the suaeda salsa polyphenol: taking a whole fresh Chinese kalimeris herb, cleaning, extracting for 1h by adopting ethanol with the volume fraction of 30% at the temperature of 35 ℃ and the pH value of 5.2 according to the material-liquid ratio of mL/g of 10: 1, and concentrating and drying an extracting solution under reduced pressure for later use.
(2) Seed soaking and germination accelerating treatment:
selecting fresh corn seeds with uniform size and plump corn No. 4, soaking the seeds for 12 hours by using a solution containing 2.5mg/L of suaeda salsa polyphenol and 0.125mmol/L of gamma-aminobutyric acid as a seed soaking solution, taking out the seeds, placing the seeds in a culture dish paved with 3 layers of filter paper, covering the seeds with wet filter paper, and placing the seeds in a constant temperature incubator at 26 +/-2 ℃ for germination acceleration culture (the light period L/D = 14.
(3) And (3) sowing the germinated seeds obtained in the step (2) into soil with the salt content of 0.35%. When the corn grows to three leaves and one heart, the leaf surfaces are supplemented with the spraying seed soaking liquid once (the spraying amount is that the leaf surfaces are full of water drops, and the water drops are not dropped).
Example 2 method for improving saline-alkali tolerance of corn
(1) Extracting the suaeda salsa polyphenol: taking a whole plant of fresh Chinese juncus herbs, cleaning, extracting for 1h by adopting 30% volume fraction ethanol at the temperature of 45 ℃ and the pH value of 5.0 according to the material-liquid ratio mL/g of 10: 1, and concentrating and drying the extract under reduced pressure for later use.
(2) Seed soaking and germination accelerating treatment:
selecting fresh corn seeds with uniform size and plump corn No. 4, soaking the seeds for 12 hours by using a solution containing 2.5mg/L of suaeda salsa polyphenol and 0.125mmol/L of gamma-aminobutyric acid as a seed soaking solution, taking out the seeds, placing the seeds in a culture dish paved with 3 layers of filter paper, covering the seeds with wet filter paper, and placing the seeds in a constant temperature incubator at 26 +/-2 ℃ for germination acceleration culture (the light period L/D = 14.
(3) And (3) sowing the germinated seeds obtained in the step (2) into soil with the salt content of 0.40%. When the corn grows to three leaves and one heart, the leaf surfaces are supplemented with the spraying seed soaking liquid once (the spraying amount is that the leaf surfaces are full of water drops, and the water drops are not dropped).
Example 3 method for improving saline-alkali tolerance of corn
(1) Extracting the suaeda salsa polyphenol: taking a whole fresh Chinese kalimeris herb, cleaning, extracting for 1h by adopting ethanol with the volume fraction of 30% at the temperature of 35 ℃ and the pH value of 5.0 according to the material-liquid ratio of mL/g of 5: 1, and concentrating and drying an extracting solution under reduced pressure for later use.
(2) Seed soaking and germination accelerating treatment:
selecting fresh corn seeds with uniform size and plump corn No. 4, soaking the seeds for 12 hours by using a solution containing 2.5mg/L of suaeda salsa polyphenol and 0.125mmol/L of gamma-aminobutyric acid as a seed soaking solution, taking out the seeds, placing the seeds in a culture dish paved with 3 layers of filter paper, covering the seeds with wet filter paper, and placing the seeds in a constant temperature incubator at 26 +/-2 ℃ for germination acceleration culture (the light period L/D = 14.
(3) And (3) sowing the germinated seeds obtained in the step (2) into soil with the salt content of 0.35%. When the corn grows to three leaves and one heart, the leaf surfaces are supplemented with the spraying seed soaking liquid once (the spraying amount is that the leaf surfaces are full of water drops, and the water drops are not dropped).
Example 4 method for improving saline-alkali tolerance of corn
(1) Extracting the suaeda salsa polyphenol: taking a whole fresh Chinese kalimeris herb, cleaning, extracting for 1h by adopting ethanol with the volume fraction of 30% at the temperature of 35 ℃ and the pH value of 5.0 according to the material-liquid ratio of mL/g of 5: 1, and concentrating and drying an extracting solution under reduced pressure for later use.
(2) Seed soaking and germination accelerating treatment:
selecting fresh corn seeds of Yunuo No. 4 with uniform size and plump, soaking the seeds for 12 hours by using a solution containing 2.5mg/L of Chinese watseed polyphenol and 0.125mmol/L of gamma-aminobutyric acid as a seed soaking solution, taking out the seeds, placing the seeds in a culture dish paved with 3 layers of filter paper, covering the seeds with wet filter paper, and placing the seeds in a constant-temperature incubator at 26 +/-2 ℃ for germination acceleration culture (the light period L/D = 14.
(3) And (3) sowing the germinated seeds obtained in the step (2) into soil with the salt content of 0.35%. When the corn grows to five leaves and one core, the leaf surface is supplemented with the spraying seed soaking liquid once (the spraying amount is that the leaf surface is covered with water drops, but does not drip).
Example 5 method for improving saline-alkali tolerance of corn
(1) Extracting the suaeda salsa polyphenol: taking a whole plant of fresh Chinese juncus herbs, cleaning, extracting for 1h by adopting ethanol with the volume fraction of 30% at the temperature of 35 ℃ and the pH value of 6.0 according to the material-liquid ratio mL/g of 10: 1, and concentrating and drying the extract under reduced pressure for later use.
(2) Seed soaking and germination accelerating treatment:
selecting fresh corn seeds with uniform size and plump corn No. 4, soaking the seeds for 12 hours by using a solution containing 2.5mg/L of suaeda salsa polyphenol and 0.125mmol/L of gamma-aminobutyric acid as a seed soaking solution, taking out the seeds, placing the seeds in a culture dish paved with 3 layers of filter paper, covering the seeds with wet filter paper, and placing the seeds in a constant temperature incubator at 26 +/-2 ℃ for germination acceleration culture (the light period L/D = 14.
(3) And (3) sowing the germinated seeds obtained in the step (2) into soil with the salt content of 0.35%. When the corn grows to five leaves and one core, the leaf surface is supplemented with the spraying seed soaking liquid once (the spraying amount is that the leaf surface is covered with water drops, but does not drip).
Example 6 method for improving saline-alkali tolerance of corn
(1) Extracting the suaeda salsa polyphenol: taking a whole fresh Chinese kalimeris herb, cleaning, extracting for 1h by adopting ethanol with volume fraction of 15% at the temperature of 35 ℃ and the pH value of 6.0 according to the material-liquid ratio of mL/g of 10: 1, and concentrating and drying an extracting solution under reduced pressure for later use.
(2) Seed soaking and germination accelerating treatment:
selecting fresh corn seeds with uniform size and plump corn No. 4, soaking the seeds for 12 hours by using a solution containing 2.5mg/L of suaeda salsa polyphenol and 0.125mmol/L of gamma-aminobutyric acid as a seed soaking solution, taking out the seeds, placing the seeds in a culture dish paved with 3 layers of filter paper, covering the seeds with wet filter paper, and placing the seeds in a constant temperature incubator at 26 +/-2 ℃ for germination acceleration culture (the light period L/D = 14.
(3) And (3) sowing the germinated seeds obtained in the step (2) into soil with the salt content of 0.35%. When the corn grows to five leaves and one core, the leaf surface is supplemented with the spraying seed soaking liquid once (the spraying amount is that the leaf surface is covered with water drops, but does not drip).
Example 7 method for improving saline-alkali tolerance of corn
(1) Extracting the suaeda salsa polyphenol: taking a whole fresh Chinese kalimeris herb, cleaning, extracting for 1h by adopting ethanol with volume fraction of 15% at the temperature of 35 ℃ and the pH value of 6.0 according to the material-liquid ratio of mL/g of 10: 1, and concentrating and drying an extracting solution under reduced pressure for later use.
(2) Seed soaking and germination accelerating treatment:
selecting fresh corn seeds with uniform size and plump corn No. 4, soaking the seeds for 12 hours by using a solution containing 5mg/L of suaeda salsa polyphenol and 0.125mmol/L of gamma-aminobutyric acid as a seed soaking solution, taking out the seeds, placing the seeds in a culture dish paved with 3 layers of filter paper, covering the seeds with wet filter paper, and placing the seeds in a constant-temperature incubator at 26 +/-2 ℃ for germination acceleration culture (the light period L/D = 14.
(3) And (3) sowing the germinated seeds obtained in the step (2) into soil with the salt content of 0.35%. When the corn grows to have five leaves and one core, the leaf surface is supplemented with the spraying seed soaking liquid once (the spraying amount is that the leaf surface is fully covered with water drops, but does not drip).
Example 8 method for improving saline-alkali tolerance of corn
(1) Extracting the suaeda salsa polyphenol: taking a whole plant of fresh Chinese juncus herbs, cleaning, extracting for 1h by adopting ethanol with the volume fraction of 15% at the temperature of 35 ℃ and the pH value of 6.0 according to the material-liquid ratio mL/g of 10: 1, and concentrating and drying the extract under reduced pressure for later use.
(2) Seed soaking and germination accelerating treatment:
selecting fresh corn seeds of Yunuo No. 4 with uniform size and plump, soaking the seeds for 12 hours by using a solution containing 5mg/L of Chinese watseed polyphenol and 0.25mmol/L of gamma-aminobutyric acid as a seed soaking solution, taking out the seeds, placing the seeds in a culture dish paved with 3 layers of filter paper, covering the seeds with wet filter paper, and placing the seeds in a constant-temperature incubator at 26 +/-2 ℃ for germination acceleration culture (the light period L/D = 14.
(3) And (3) sowing the germinated seeds obtained in the step (2) into soil with the salt content of 0.35%. When the corn grows to have five leaves and one core, the leaf surface is supplemented with the spraying seed soaking liquid once (the spraying amount is that the leaf surface is fully covered with water drops, but does not drip).
Example 9 method for improving saline-alkali tolerance of corn
(1) Extracting the suaeda salsa polyphenol: taking a whole fresh Chinese kalimeris herb, cleaning, extracting for 1h by adopting ethanol with volume fraction of 15% at the temperature of 35 ℃ and the pH value of 6.0 according to the material-liquid ratio of mL/g of 10: 1, and concentrating and drying an extracting solution under reduced pressure for later use.
(2) Seed soaking and germination accelerating treatment:
selecting fresh corn seeds with uniform size and plump corn No. 4, soaking the seeds for 12 hours by using a solution containing 5mg/L of suaeda salsa polyphenol and 0.25mmol/L of gamma-aminobutyric acid as a seed soaking solution, taking out the seeds, placing the seeds in a culture dish paved with 3 layers of filter paper, covering the seeds with wet filter paper, and placing the seeds in a constant-temperature incubator at 26 +/-2 ℃ for germination acceleration culture (the light period L/D = 14.
(3) And (3) sowing the germinated seeds obtained in the step (2) into soil with the salt content of 0.28%. When the corn grows to five leaves and one core, the leaf surface is supplemented with the spraying seed soaking liquid once (the spraying amount is that the leaf surface is covered with water drops, but does not drip).
Example 10 method for improving saline-alkali tolerance of corn
(1) Extracting the suaeda salsa polyphenol: taking a whole plant of fresh Chinese juncus herbs, cleaning, extracting for 1h by adopting methanol with volume fraction of 15% at the temperature of 35 ℃ and the pH value of 6.0 according to the material-liquid ratio mL/g of 10: 1, and concentrating and drying the extract under reduced pressure for later use.
(2) Seed soaking and germination accelerating treatment:
selecting fresh corn seeds with uniform size and plump corn No. 4, soaking the seeds for 12 hours by using a solution containing 5mg/L of suaeda salsa polyphenol and 0.25mmol/L of gamma-aminobutyric acid as a seed soaking solution, taking out the seeds, placing the seeds in a culture dish paved with 3 layers of filter paper, covering the seeds with wet filter paper, and placing the seeds in a constant-temperature incubator at 26 +/-2 ℃ for germination acceleration culture (the light period L/D = 14.
(3) And (3) sowing the germinated seeds obtained in the step (2) into soil with the salt content of 0.28%. When the corn grows to five leaves and one core, the leaf surface is supplemented with the spraying seed soaking liquid once (the spraying amount is that the leaf surface is covered with water drops, but does not drip).
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, which is intended to cover any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The method for improving the saline-alkali tolerance of the corn is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
taking a solution containing the suaeda salsa polyphenol and the gamma-aminobutyric acid as a seed soaking solution, and performing seed soaking treatment on corn seeds by using the seed soaking solution and performing germination accelerating culture; and (3) sowing the obtained germinated seeds into soil, and spraying the seed soaking liquid on leaf surfaces when the corn grows to three leaves and one heart to five leaves and one heart.
2. The method for improving the saline-alkali tolerance of the corns according to claim 1, wherein the seed soaking liquid is a solution containing 2.5-5.0 mg/L of Chinese broccoli polyphenol and 0.125-0.25 mmol/L of gamma-aminobutyric acid.
3. The method for improving the saline-alkali tolerance of corn according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the suaeda salsa polyphenol comprises the following steps: taking the whole Chinese litsea cubeba, adopting an alcohol solvent with the volume fraction of 15-30 percent to leach for at least 1h at the temperature of 35-45 ℃ and the pH value of 5-6, and decompressing, concentrating and drying the extract for later use.
4. The method for improving the saline-alkali tolerance of the corn according to claim 3, wherein the alcohol solvent is ethanol and/or methanol.
5. The method for improving the saline-alkali tolerance of the corns according to the claim 1, wherein the soil is the soil with the salt content of not more than 0.40%.
6. The method for improving the saline-alkali tolerance of the corn according to claim 1, wherein the saline-alkali soil is caused by sodium carbonate or sodium bicarbonate.
7. The method for improving the saline-alkali tolerance of the corn as claimed in claim 1, wherein the corn is fresh corn No. 4.
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