CN115547973A - 半导体装置 - Google Patents
半导体装置 Download PDFInfo
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- CN115547973A CN115547973A CN202210745097.3A CN202210745097A CN115547973A CN 115547973 A CN115547973 A CN 115547973A CN 202210745097 A CN202210745097 A CN 202210745097A CN 115547973 A CN115547973 A CN 115547973A
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Abstract
半导体装置具有第1和第2基板、配置于它们之间且安装于第1基板的半导体元件、将第1与第2导电焊盘接合的多个接合材,第1基板具有具备:沿第1方向平行延伸的第1和第2边,沿与第1方向垂直的第2方向平行延伸的第3和第4边的矩形平面形状,半导体元件具有具备:沿第1方向平行延伸的第5和第6边,沿与第2方向平行延伸的第7和第8边的矩形平面形状,第5和第6边比第7和第8边长,多个接合材的部分在第1与第5边之间形成第1列配置,多个接合材的部分在第2与第6边之间形成第2列配置,多个接合材的部分在第3与第7边之间形成第3列配置,多个接合材的部分在第4与第8边之间形成第4列配置,第3和第4列数比第1和第2列数少。
Description
技术领域
本公开涉及半导体装置。
背景技术
公开了在上基板与下基板之间设置有半导体芯片的半导体装置(专利文献1)。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:国际公开第2007/069606号
发明内容
发明所要解决的课题
根据专利文献1所记载的半导体装置,虽然达成所期望的目的,但是在半导体芯片的方式多样化时,存在根据半导体芯片的形状而半导体装置发生翘曲或起伏的担忧。
本公开的目的在于提供能够抑制翘曲和起伏的发生的半导体装置。
用于解决课题的方法
根据本公开的一方式,提供一种半导体装置,其具有:第1基板,其具有第1主面,且在上述第1主面具备有多个第1导电焊盘,第2基板,其具有与上述第1主面对置的第2主面,且在上述第2主面具备有多个第2导电焊盘,半导体元件,其配置于上述第1基板与上述第2基板之间,且安装于上述第1基板的上述第1主面,以及多个接合材,其将上述第1导电焊盘与上述第2导电焊盘进行接合,沿与上述第1主面垂直的方向俯视时,上述第1基板具有矩形的平面形状,所述矩形的平面形状具备:沿第1方向平行地延伸的第1边和第2边,以及沿与上述第1方向垂直的第2方向平行地延伸的第3边和第4边,上述半导体元件具有矩形的平面形状,上述矩形的平面形状具备:沿上述第1方向平行地延伸的第5边和第6边,以及沿上述第2方向平行地延伸的第7边和第8边,上述第5边和上述第6边比上述第7边和上述第8边长,上述第5边位于与上述第6边相比靠上述第1边侧,上述第7边位于与上述第8边相比靠上述第3边侧,上述多个接合材的一部分以在上述第1边与上述第5边之间,形成沿上述第1方向平行地延伸的2个以上的第1列的方式配置,上述多个接合材的一部分以在上述第2边与上述第6边之间,形成沿上述第1方向平行地延伸的2个以上的第2列的方式配置,上述多个接合材的一部分以在上述第3边与上述第7边之间,形成沿上述第2方向平行地延伸的1个或2个以上的第3列的方式配置,上述多个接合材的一部分以在上述第4边与上述第8边之间,形成沿上述第2方向平行地延伸的1个或2个以上的第4列的方式配置,上述第3列的数目和上述第4列的数目比上述第1列的数目和上述第2列的数目少。
发明的效果
根据公开的技术,能够抑制翘曲和起伏的发生。
附图说明
图1为表示实施方式涉及的半导体装置的截面图。
图2为表示实施方式中的下基板上的接合材的配置的示意图。
图3为表示实施方式涉及的半导体装置的制造方法的截面图(其1)。
图4为表示实施方式涉及的半导体装置的制造方法的截面图(其2)。
图5为表示实施方式涉及的半导体装置的制造方法的截面图(其3)。
图6为表示实施方式涉及的半导体装置的制造方法的截面图(其4)。
图7为表示实施方式涉及的半导体装置的制造方法的截面图(其5)。
图8为表示实施方式涉及的半导体装置的制造方法的截面图(其6)。
图9为表示参考例中的下基板上的接合材的配置的示意图。
附图标记的说明:
10 半导体装置
20 接合材
21 铜芯球
22 焊料层
100 下基板
101 上面
124A、124B 导电焊盘
200 上基板
201 下面
211 导电焊盘
300 半导体元件
具体实施方式
以下,对于实施方式一边参照附图一边具体地说明。另外,本说明书和附图中,对于实质上具有同一功能构成的构成要素,有时通过附上同一符号而省略重复的说明。此外,本公开中,将X1-X2方向、Y1-Y2方向、Z1-Z2方向设为相互正交的方向。将包含X1-X2方向和Y1-Y2方向的面记载为XY面,将包含Y1-Y2方向和Z1-Z2方向的面记载为YZ面,将包含Z1-Z2方向和X1-X2方向的面记载为ZX面。另外,为了方便,将Z1-Z2方向设为上下方向,将Z1侧设为上侧,将Z2侧设为下侧。此外,所谓俯视,是指从Z1侧观察对象物,所谓平面形状,是指将对象物从Z1侧观察的形状。然而,半导体装置能够以上下颠倒的状态来使用,或能够以任意的角度来配置。
本实施方式涉及半导体装置。图1为表示实施方式涉及的半导体装置的截面图。
实施方式涉及的半导体装置10具有下基板100、上基板200以及半导体元件300。下基板100具有与XY面大致平行的上面101,上基板200具有与XY面大致平行的下面201。上基板200配置于下基板100的上侧(Z1侧)。上基板200的下面201与下基板100的上面101对置。下基板100为第1基板的一例,上基板200为第2基板的一例。下基板100的上面101为第1主面的一例,上基板200的下面201为第2主面的一例。
下基板100例如,具有芯层110,设置于芯层110的上面的积层层120以及设置于芯层110的下面的积层层130。下基板100可以为不含芯层的无芯基板。
芯层110具有:形成有贯通孔114的绝缘性的基材111,贯通孔114的内壁面所形成的贯通电极112,以及贯通电极112的内侧所填充的填充材113。例如,芯层110的材料为玻璃环氧树脂等,贯通电极112的材料为铜等。此外,可以不存在填充材113,使用贯通孔114的内部全部被金属填充的贯通电极112。
积层层120具有:绝缘层121,配线层122以及阻焊层123。阻焊层123形成有与上基板200的连接用的开口部123A以及半导体元件300的安装用的开口部123B。配线层122在绝缘层121的最上面,包含与上基板200的连接用的多个导电焊盘124A以及半导体元件300的安装用的多个导电焊盘124B。导电焊盘124A从开口部123A露出,导电焊盘124B从开口部123B露出。配线层122的材料为例如铜等导电体。导电焊盘124A为第1导电焊盘的一例。
积层层130具有绝缘层131、配线层132以及阻焊层133。阻焊层133形成有外部连接用的开口部133A。配线层132在绝缘层131的最下面包含导电焊盘134。导电焊盘134从开口部133A露出。配线层132的材料为例如铜等导电体。在导电焊盘134上设置有焊料球135。另外,存在不设置焊料球135,导电焊盘134直接与外部装置的电极连接的情况。
导电焊盘124A、导电焊盘124B以及导电焊盘134介由配线层122、贯通电极112和配线层132而被电连接。积层层120所包含的绝缘层121和配线层122的数、积层层130所包含的绝缘层131和配线层132的数没有特别限定。
半导体元件300倒装芯片安装于下基板100的上面101。即,半导体元件300的凸块301介由接合材310而与下基板100的导电焊盘124B电连接。接合材310由例如焊料构成。半导体元件300与下基板100之间填充有底部填充材320。
上基板200例如,具有芯层210、多个导电焊盘211、多个导电焊盘212、阻焊剂层214以及阻焊剂层215。但是,上基板200可以使用不含芯层的无芯基板。
导电焊盘211设置于芯层210的下面,导电焊盘212设置于芯层210的上面。导电焊盘212通过芯层210所形成的通孔213而与导电焊盘211连接。导电焊盘211和导电焊盘212的材料为例如铜等导电体。导电焊盘211为第2导电焊盘的一例。
阻焊层214覆盖芯层210的下面。阻焊层214形成有与下基板100的连接用的开口部214A。导电焊盘211从开口部214A露出。阻焊层215覆盖芯层210的上面。阻焊层215形成有外部连接用的开口部215A。导电焊盘212从开口部215A露出。导电焊盘212用于将半导体元件、无源元件或其它配线基板等电子部件搭载于上基板200。
半导体装置10具有将下基板100的多个导电焊盘124A与上基板200的多个导电焊盘211进行接合的多个接合材20。接合材20例如,具有铜芯球21以及覆盖铜芯球21的表面的焊料层22。接合材20例如为带有铜芯的焊料球。接合材20可以由金属形成的柱状体和覆盖其表面的焊料层来形成。金属能够使用铜,作为柱状体,不仅圆柱也包含棱柱等,可以在柱状体的表面形成Ni层。
下基板100的导电焊盘124A与上基板200的导电焊盘211彼此对置。而且,铜芯球21与导电焊盘124A和导电焊盘211这两者接触。铜芯球21的形状可以为球体状,也可以为椭圆体状。铜芯球21的表面可以形成有Ni层。
焊料层22可以与导电焊盘124A和导电焊盘211这两者接触。焊料层22的材料可以为例如,Sn(锡)、Sn-Ag(银)系、Sn-Cu系、Sn-Ag-Cu系的无Pb(铅)焊料。
这里,对于接合材20的配置进行详细地说明。图2为表示实施方式中的下基板上的接合材的配置的示意图。图1相当于沿图2中的I-I线的截面图。
下基板100俯视时,具有平面形状,上述平面形状具备:沿X1-X2方向平行地延伸的第1边151和第2边152以及沿Y1-Y2方向平行地延伸的第3边153和第4边154。第1边151相对于第2边152位于Y1侧,第2边152相对于第1边151位于Y2侧。第3边153相对于第4边154位于X1侧,第4边154相对于第3边153位于X2侧。例如,第3边153和第4边154的长度为第1边151和第2边152的长度的0.95倍~1.05倍。下基板100的平面形状可以为正方形状。即,第3边153和第4边154的长度可以与第1边151和第2边152的长度相等。
半导体元件300俯视时,具有平面形状,所述平面形状具备:沿X1-X2方向平行地延伸的第5边355和第6边356,以及沿Y1-Y2方向平行地延伸的第7边357和第8边358。第5边355相对于第6边356位于Y1侧,第6边356相对于第5边355位于Y2侧。第7边357相对于第8边358位于X1侧,第8边358相对于第7边357位于X2侧。此外,第5边355位于与第6边356相比靠第1边151侧,第6边356位于与第5边355相比靠第2边152侧,第7边357位于与第8边358相比靠第3边153侧,第8边358位于与第7边357相比靠第4边154侧。第5边355和第6边356比第7边357和第8边358长。
俯视时,半导体元件300配置于下基板100的大致中央。多个接合材20规则地配置于半导体元件300的周围。多个接合材20的一部分在第1边151与第5边355之间,形成沿X1-X2方向平行地延伸的2个第1列的方式配置,多个接合材20的一部分以在第2边152与第6边356之间,形成沿X1-X2方向平行地延伸的2个第2列的方式配置。此外,多个接合材20的一部分以在第3边153与第7边357之间,形成沿Y1-Y2方向平行地延伸的1个第3列的方式配置,多个接合材20的一部以在第4边154与第8边358之间,形成沿Y1-Y2方向平行地延伸的1个第4列的方式配置分。这样,本实施方式中,第3列的数目和第4列的数目比第1列的数目和第2列的数目少。
下基板100的多个导电焊盘124A和上基板200的多个导电焊盘211也与多个接合材20对应地设置,俯视时,规则地配置于半导体元件300的周围。
上基板200与下基板100之间填充模型树脂40,上基板200相对于下基板100被固定。上基板200与下基板100之间的距离通过铜芯球21得以维持。
接下来,对于实施方式涉及的半导体装置10的制造方法进行说明。图3~图8为表示实施方式涉及的半导体装置10的制造方法的截面图。
首先,如图3所示那样,准备下基板100。如上述那样,下基板100具有导电焊盘124A和导电焊盘124B等。接着,在导电焊盘124B上,形成例如接合材310。接合材310能够通过电解镀法等来形成。
接着,如图4所示那样,将形成有凸块301的半导体元件300倒装芯片安装于下基板100。即,介由接合材310将凸块301与下基板100的导电焊盘124B电连接。接着,在半导体元件300与下基板100之间填充底部填充材320,此外,可以不设置底部填充材320,将模型树脂40填充于半导体元件300与下基板100之间。
此外,如图5所示那样,准备上基板200。如上述那样,上基板200具有导电焊盘211等。接着,作为接合材20,将带有铜芯的焊料球搭载于导电焊盘211上。接合材20具有球体状的铜芯球21以及设置于铜芯球21的外周的焊料层22。铜芯球21的表面可以形成Ni层。
向半导体元件300与下基板100之间的底部填充材320的填充,以及接合材20的搭载之后,如图6所示那样,一边在下基板100与上基板200之间设置模型树脂40,一边接合材20与导电焊盘124A相接的方式进行操作,将上基板200载置于下基板100上。半导体元件300配置于下基板100与上基板200之间。
接着,进行焊料层22的回流。其结果如图7所示那样,焊料层22熔融,凝固,铜芯球21与导电焊盘124A接触。此外,由焊料层22的成分(例如锡)、导电焊盘124A的成分(例如铜)和导电焊盘211的成分(例如铜)形成合金层(未图示)。回流的温度为例如260℃左右。此外,可以按压带有热的工具以使焊料层22熔融。
接着,如图8所示那样,在导电焊盘134上形成焊料球135。
这样操作,能够制造实施方式涉及的半导体装置10。
另外,可以在将上基板200载置于下基板100上时不设置模型树脂40,进行焊料层22的回流之后设置模型树脂40。此外,可以在将上基板200载置于下基板100上时不设置模型树脂40,在焊料层22的回流时设置模型树脂40。
这里,对于本实施方式的效果,一边与参考例进行比较一边说明。图9为表示参考例中的下基板上的接合材的配置的示意图。
参考例中,如图9所示那样,多个接合材20的一部分以在第3边153与第7边357之间,形成沿Y1-Y2方向平行地延伸的2个第3列的方式配置,多个接合材20的一部分以在第4边154与第8边358之间,形成沿Y1-Y2方向平行地延伸的2个第4列的方式配置。这样,参考例中,第3列的数目和第4列的数目与第1列的数目和第2列的数目相等。其它构成与本实施方式同样。
本实施方式中,参考例中,制造时,焊料层22的回流时等,下基板100发生热变形。此外,焊料层22凝固之后,下基板100的热变形通过接合材20而受到由上基板200带来的束缚。
进一步,半导体元件300也热变形,但是半导体元件300的热膨胀率(CTE)比下基板100的热膨胀率显著地小。因此,半导体元件300的热变形比下基板100的热变形显著地小。因此,下基板100的热变形也受到由半导体元件300带来的束缚。
参考例中,第3列的数目和第4列的数目与第1列的数目和第2列的数目相等,因此下基板100的X1-X2方向的热变形和Y1-Y2方向的热变形被上基板200相同程度地束缚。此外,半导体元件300的第5边355和第6边356比第7边357和第8边358长。因此,通过半导体元件300,下基板100的X1-X2方向的热变形也被Y1-Y2方向的热变形所束缚。因此,参考例中,下基板100中,与Y1-Y2方向相比易于沿X1-X2方向进行热变形。因此,在XY面内,下基板100的热变形可能产生大的各向异性。热变形的各向异性越大,则半导体装置越易于产生翘曲,或越易于产生起伏。
另一方面,本实施方式中,第3列的数目和第4列的数目比第1列的数目和第2列的数目少。因此,通过上基板200,下基板100的Y1-Y2方向的热变形被X1-X2方向的热变形所束缚。此外,与参考例同样地,通过半导体元件300,下基板100的X1-X2方向的热变形也被Y1-Y2方向的热变形所束缚。因此,本实施方式中,介由由上基板200带来的下基板100的热变形的束缚,以及由半导体元件300带来的下基板100的热变形的束缚,从而下基板100的热变形的各向异性得以降低。因此,能够抑制伴随着下基板100的热变形的各向异性的半导体装置10的翘曲和起伏。
第5边355与接合材20的第1列之间的第1距离L1和第6边356与接合材20的第2列之间的第2距离L2优选为第7边357与接合材20的第3列之间的第3距离L3的1.5倍以下,并且第8边358与接合材20的第4列之间的第4距离L4的1.5倍以下。这是因为降低下基板100的热收缩的各向异性。第1距离L1和第2距离L2更优选为第3距离L3的1.3倍以下,并且第4距离L4的1.3倍以下,进一步优选为第3距离L3的1.1倍以下,并且第4距离L4的1.1倍以下。
多个接合材20优选俯视时,规则地配置成格子状,但由于配线的拉绕的限制等,可以具有一部分欠缺接合材20的区域。
如果第3列的数目和第4列的数目比第1列的数目和第2列的数目少,则第1列的数目、第2列的数目、第3列的数目和第4列的数目不受限定。例如,可以是第3列的数目和第4列的数目为1,第1列的数目和第2列的数目为3。此外,可以是第3列的数目和第4列的数目为2,第1列的数目和第2列的数目为3。第1列的数目、第2列的数目、第3列的数目和第4列的数目可以更多。
另外,伴随着没有设置半导体元件300和接合材20的下基板100的热变形的翘曲的方向,与伴随着没有设置接合材20的上基板200的热变形的翘曲的方向优选为反向。例如,在下基板100凸状地翘曲的情况下,优选上基板200凹状地翘曲。
以上,对于优选的实施方式等进行了详细说明,但是并不限于上述实施方式等,能够不脱离权利要求所记载的范围,对于上述实施方式等施加各种变形和置换。
Claims (6)
1.一种半导体装置,其特征在于,具有:
第1基板,其具有第1主面,且在所述第1主面具备有多个第1导电焊盘,
第2基板,其具有与所述第1主面对置的第2主面,且在所述第2主面具备有多个第2导电焊盘,
半导体元件,其配置于所述第1基板与所述第2基板之间,且安装于所述第1基板的所述第1主面,以及
多个接合材,其将所述第1导电焊盘与所述第2导电焊盘进行接合,
沿与所述第1主面垂直的方向俯视时,
所述第1基板具有矩形的平面形状,所述矩形的平面形状具备:沿第1方向平行地延伸的第1边和第2边,以及沿与所述第1方向垂直的第2方向平行地延伸的第3边和第4边,
所述半导体元件具有矩形的平面形状,所述矩形的平面形状具备:沿所述第1方向平行地延伸的第5边和第6边,以及沿所述第2方向平行地延伸的第7边和第8边,
所述第5边和所述第6边比所述第7边和所述第8边长,
所述第5边位于与所述第6边相比靠所述第1边侧,
所述第7边位于与所述第8边相比靠所述第3边侧,
所述多个接合材的一部分以在所述第1边与所述第5边之间,形成沿所述第1方向平行地延伸的2个以上的第1列的方式配置,
所述多个接合材的一部分以在所述第2边与所述第6边之间,形成沿所述第1方向平行地延伸的2个以上的第2列的方式配置,
所述多个接合材的一部分以在所述第3边与所述第7边之间,形成沿所述第2方向平行地延伸的1个或2个以上的第3列的方式配置,
所述多个接合材的一部分以在所述第4边与所述第8边之间,形成沿所述第2方向平行地延伸的1个或2个以上的第4列的方式配置,
所述第3列的数目和所述第4列的数目各自比所述第1列的数目和所述第2列的数目的任一者少。
2.根据权利要求1所述的半导体装置,其特征在于,
所述接合材具有导电性芯球。
3.根据权利要求2所述的半导体装置,其特征在于,
所述导电性芯球含有铜。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的半导体装置,其特征在于,
所述接合材具有覆盖所述导电性芯球的表面的焊料层。
5.根据权利要求1~4中任一项所述的半导体装置,其特征在于,
所述第5边与所述第1列之间的第1距离和所述第6边与所述第2列之间的第2距离为:
所述第7边与所述第3列之间的第3距离的1.5倍以下,并且
所述第8边与所述第4列之间的第4距离的1.5倍以下。
6.根据权利要求1~5中任一项所述的半导体装置,其特征在于,
所述第3边和所述第4边的长度为所述第1边和所述第2边的长度的0.95倍~1.05倍。
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