CN115536370A - 一种含六铝酸钙的铝镁干式振动料 - Google Patents
一种含六铝酸钙的铝镁干式振动料 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于耐火材料技术领域,主要涉及一种含六铝酸钙的铝镁干式振动料。采用的原料组成及其质量百分比如下:刚玉颗粒60~80wt%、刚玉细粉10~15 wt%、氧化铝微粉0~8 wt%、镁砂颗粒5~15 wt%、镁砂细粉2~10 wt%、六铝酸钙颗粒1~10 wt%、促烧剂0.3~2 wt%;按此质量百分比将原料和促烧剂混合均匀可制得含六铝酸钙的铝镁干式振动料。本发明铝镁干式振动料具有保温好、热震性好、抗冲刷特点,在实现中频感应电炉节能的同时可有效提高了炉衬的寿命。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于耐火材料领域,具体涉及一种含六铝酸钙的铝镁干式振动料。
技术背景
中频炉具有熔炼速度快、生产效率高、节省材料与成本、烧失少,感应加热无污染、低能耗、改善工人劳动环境,加热均匀、控温精准,启动性能好等优点。随着冶金技术的不断进步,中频炉的数量逐年递增,容量也由2吨、5吨发展到30吨、50吨,中频炉已经逐步代替传统小电炉,在钢铁熔炼领域发挥着重要的作用。中频炉内衬一般采用不含水分的干式料直接捣制,可避免料中的水分导电和内衬的开裂引起的钢水渗透烧穿感应线圈,冶炼不锈钢和高品质钢的中频炉由于熔化温度高和对钢水的品质要求高,一般采用性能优异的铝镁干式振动料作为其内衬。如专利CN110304909A公开的《精密铸造用中频炉干式振动料及其制备方法》和耐火材料期刊2012年的第6期刊登的文献《长寿中频炉工作衬用铝镁质捣打料的研制与应用》都以刚玉、镁砂、铝镁尖晶石为主要原料,以硼酸或硼干为助烧剂制备得到中频炉用的铝镁干式料,但该干式料在使用过程中由于热震性不够好,在间歇式炼钢的中频炉上使用时,由于冷热循环操作使得其烧结层容易开裂,在炉衬使用中后期钢水很容易通过这些裂纹穿过工作衬烧毁感应线圈,出现漏钢事故;另外,刚玉、镁砂的热导率很高,不利于中频炉节能。
六铝酸钙具有高熔点、低导热、抗还原、抗碱侵蚀等优异性能,近年来已用于到耐火材料领域;专利申请号:CN201711187000.7一种碳化硅-复合耐火材料,CN201810424429.1一种堇青石结合六铝酸钙匣钵及其制备方法,CN202010809848.4一种氮化物-碳化硅-六铝酸钙复合耐火制品及其制备方法等涉及的是一种预合成六铝酸钙加入量在10-65wt%的耐火材料制品,六铝酸钙和其他矿相要经过一定的制备工艺实现这些制品的结构和性能,六铝酸钙在其中起到了主导或主要作用;专利申请号:CN201611201187.7一种煤催化汽化炉用尖晶石-六铝酸钙浇注料,CN201710345274.8一种垃圾焚烧炉用六铝酸钙/碳化硅浇注料,CN202210656938.3一种含六铝酸钙的低导热钢包永久层浇注料等涉及的是一种预合成六铝酸钙加入量在20-60wt%的耐火材料浇注料,六铝酸钙和其他矿相混合后需要加入一定的液体(如水)再次混合后经振动浇注在模中成型,六铝酸钙也在其中起到了主导或主要作用。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对中频炉用的铝镁干式振动料炉衬在其使用后期易开裂,导致钻钢、漏钢事故,热导热率高,炉衬不保温能耗高的问题,提出一种含六铝酸钙的铝镁干式振动料,采用预合成六铝酸钙,其加入量1-10%,主要是对铝镁干式振动料的热震和导热性进行改性,达到减轻铝镁干式振动料炉衬中后期漏钢和中频炉节能的目的。
本发明的目的采用如下技术方案来实现:
一种含六铝酸钙的铝镁干式振动料,铝镁干式振动料的原料组成及其质量百分比如下:刚玉颗粒60~78 wt%、刚玉细粉10~15 wt%、氧化铝微粉0~8 wt%、镁砂颗粒5~10 wt% 、镁砂细粉2~10 wt%、六铝酸钙颗粒1~10 wt%、硼酸0.3~2 wt%;按此质量百分比将各原料混合均匀可制得含六铝酸钙的铝镁干式振动料。
所述的刚玉颗粒和细粉为Al2O3含量>99wt%的电熔白刚玉或板状刚玉中的一种或两种,颗粒粒径为5-0.074mm,细粉粒径<0.074mm。
所述的氧化铝微粉,Al2O3含量>99wt%的煅烧а-氧化铝微粉,其中直径D50<10μm。
所述的镁砂,可以是MgO含量>96wt%电熔镁砂或烧结镁砂的一种或两种, 颗粒粒径为1-0.074mm, 细粉粒径<0.074mm。
所述的六铝酸钙颗粒,体积密度>3.0g/cm3, Al2O3含量>91wt%,CaO含量>8wt%,CaO·6Al2O3的矿相组成>95wt%,颗粒粒径为1-0.074mm。
本发明中提出的一种含六铝酸钙的铝镁干式振动料,采用上述技术方案,具有如下有益效果:六铝酸钙是一个六方片状结构的矿相,通过引入适量的合成六铝酸钙,利用六铝酸钙、尖晶石和刚玉高温下共存的特点,可在铝镁干式振动料基质中形成穿插结构,起到增韧增强作用,提高铝镁干式振动料的抗钢水的冲蚀性能和热震性能,过多引入六铝酸钙不利于干式振动料抗熔渣的侵蚀性;六铝酸钙熔点接近1900℃,各向异性,具有较低导热率,只有不到刚玉1/5 的导热率,穿插在铝镁干式振动料的基质中可阻碍其传导传热,从而达到降低铝镁干式振动料的热导率的作用,提高了炉衬保温效果。
本发明与现有中频炉用的铝镁干式振动料相比,显著改善了其热震稳定性,减少了中频炉使用后期炉衬开裂钻钢漏钢问题,降低了其热导率,提高了炉衬的保温效果,节省了能耗。
具体实施方式
结合具体实施例对本发明加以详细说明:
本发明以中频炉用的铝镁干式振动为例,结合实施例和对比例对本发明作进一步说明,具体方案如表1所示:
实施例和对比例中的刚玉颗粒和细粉选自河南三门峡电熔刚玉厂,w(Al2O3)≥99%;镁砂颗粒和细粉选自辽宁大石桥某公司,MgO含量>96wt%;氧化铝微粉选自郑州玉发磨料有限公司w(Al2O3)≥99%,六铝酸钙选自山东圣川新材料科技股份有限公司,硼酸为市场销售的化工原料。
表1 实施例和对比例的组分和配比方案
表1中实施例1-5为不同六铝酸钙颗粒的配入量,对比例1没有配入六铝酸钙颗粒,对比例6为六铝酸钙颗粒的配入量超过本专利范围。
通过表2性能测试结果可知:
表2实施例和对比例1-5制得的干式振动料性能测试结果
表2中的数据可以看出,而没有配入六铝酸钙的对比例1干式振动料1400℃保温小时后热态抗折强度只有2.8MPa, 1100℃风冷3次后抗折强度保持率只有35%, 600℃和1000℃的导热系数分别在1.9 W/(m·K)和2.3 W/(m·K) ;配入六铝酸钙后如实施例1-5,干式振动料的热态强度明显提高,1400℃保温小时后热态抗折强度都在4MPa以上,热震稳定性明显改善,1100℃风冷3次后抗折强度保持率都在55%以上,导热系数也大幅度降低,600℃和1000℃的导热系数分别都不超过1.3 W/(m·K)和1.5 W/(m·K),但抗渣侵蚀略有降低;配入六铝酸钙过多,如对比例2,抗渣侵蚀显著降低,炉衬虽然不会开裂钻钢,但会因炉衬减薄过快影响到炉衬的使用寿命。
Claims (5)
1.一种含六铝酸钙的铝镁干式振动料,其特征在于:铝镁干式振动料的原料组成及其质量百分比如下:刚玉颗粒60~78 wt%、刚玉细粉10~15 wt%、氧化铝微粉0~8 wt%、镁砂颗粒5~10 wt% 、镁砂细粉2~10 wt%、六铝酸钙颗粒1~10 wt%、硼酸0.3~2 wt%;按此质量百分比将各原料混合均匀可制得含六铝酸钙的铝镁干式振动料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种含六铝酸钙的铝镁干式振动料,其特征在于:所述的刚玉颗粒和细粉是Al2O3含量>99wt%的电熔白刚玉或板状刚玉中的一种或两种,颗粒粒径为5-0.074mm,细粉粒径<0.074mm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种含六铝酸钙的铝镁干式振动料,其特征在于:所述的氧化铝微粉,Al2O3含量>99wt%的煅烧а-氧化铝微粉,其中直径D50<10μm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种含六铝酸钙的铝镁干式振动料,其特征在于所述的镁砂是MgO含量大于96wt%电熔镁砂或烧结镁砂的一种或两种,颗粒粒径为1-0.074mm, 细粉粒径<0.074mm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种含六铝酸钙的铝镁干式振动料,其特征在于:所述的六铝酸钙颗粒,体积密度>3.0g/cm3, Al2O3含量>91wt%,CaO含量>8wt%,CaO·6Al2O3的矿相组成>95wt%,颗粒粒径为1-0.074mm。
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