CN114478031A - 一种电炉钢包用不烧铝镁碳砖的生产工艺 - Google Patents
一种电炉钢包用不烧铝镁碳砖的生产工艺 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 23
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title abstract description 23
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- UAMZXLIURMNTHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3] UAMZXLIURMNTHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- -1 aluminum-magnesium-carbon Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 12
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000887 hydrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
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- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910020068 MgAl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
一种电炉钢包用不烧铝镁碳砖的生产工艺，所述的一种电炉钢包用不烧铝镁碳砖的组分为：铝镁碳再生料20％‑40％，刚玉30％‑60％，镁铝尖晶石3％‑10％，镁砂7％‑14％，鳞片石墨4％‑12％，活性氧化铝微粉1％‑5％，金属铝粉1％‑3％，酚醛树脂2.3％‑2.8％；以上各组分之和为百分之百；本发明具有抗渣侵蚀、抗剥落、均衡侵蚀、热震稳定性好、寿命长、不收缩、使用安全、沾钢沾渣少、不污染钢液、拆包容易客户施工便捷等优点，是一种优质的包衬用耐火材料。本发明使用钢厂回收再生料降低资源消耗，降低生产成本；无需高温烧成，减少环境污染。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及耐火材料领域，尤其涉及一种电炉钢包用不烧铝镁碳砖的生产工艺。
背景技术
钢包在炼钢生产中是不可缺少的重要设备，它不仅影响钢液的质量，而且还直接影响着连铸的正常生产。由于连铸连浇和冶炼洁净钢的需要，钢包容量不断扩大，钢水的品种日益增多，钢水的温度提高和停留时间延长以及钢包精炼技术的应用，从而使得钢包的使用条件愈加苛刻，钢包的使用寿命大幅度降低，影响了连铸的顺利进行。为了调高钢包的使用寿命，满足连铸生产和钢铁工业节能降耗的需要，各国一致致力于研制研发新型长寿命优质钢包用耐火材料。钢包用铝镁碳砖的消耗和使用量巨大，目前常用的铝镁碳质熔池砖主要以矾土、白刚玉为主要原料，随着近年来拉闸限电等原因，部分铝质原料缺货，严重影响了耐材企业的正常生产，回收钢厂再生料，具有巨大的经济和环保效益。2020年以来，国家工信部推动电炉短流程炼钢发展，未来电炉炼钢将成为发展趋势。
鉴于上述原因，现研发出一种电炉钢包用不烧铝镁碳砖的生产工艺。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了克服现有技术中的不足，提供一种电炉钢包用不烧铝镁碳砖的生产工艺，具有抗渣侵蚀、抗剥落、均衡侵蚀、热震稳定性好、寿命长、不收缩、使用安全、沾钢沾渣少、不污染钢液、拆包容易客户施工便捷等优点，是一种优质的包衬用耐火材料。本发明使用钢厂回收再生料降低资源消耗，降低生产成本；无需高温烧成，减少环境污染。
本发明为了实现上述目的，采用如下技术方案：一种电炉钢包用不烧铝镁碳砖的生产工艺，所述的一种电炉钢包用不烧铝镁碳砖的组分为：铝镁碳再生料20％-40％，刚玉30％-60％，镁铝尖晶石3％-10％，镁砂7％-14％，鳞片石墨4％-12％，活性氧化铝微粉1％-5％，金属铝粉1％-3％，酚醛树脂2.3％-2.8％；以上各组分之和为百分之百。
所述的铝镁碳再生料中Al2O3的质量百分比≥45％，且铝镁碳砖再生料粒度为0.088mm≤粒度≤5mm；其中：0.088mm≤粒度≤1mm的铝镁碳砖再生料占铝镁碳砖再生料总质量的 5-25％，1mm≤粒度≤3mm的铝镁碳砖再生料占铝镁碳砖再生料总质量的15-50％，3mm≤粒度≤5mm的铝镁碳砖再生料占铝镁碳砖再生料总质量的30-50％。
所述的刚玉为电熔刚玉或烧结刚玉；刚玉中Al2O3的质量百分比≥98％，粒度为5-3mm、 3-1mm、1-0mm和≤0.088mm。
所述的镁砂为电熔镁砂或烧结镁砂；镁砂中MgO的质量百分比≥97％，且镁砂的粒度≤ 1mm；其中：0.088mm≤粒度≤1mm的镁砂占镁砂总质量的60-65％，粒度≤0.088mm的镁砂占镁砂总质量的35-40％。
所述的镁铝尖晶石为电熔镁铝尖晶石；镁铝尖晶石中Al2O3+MgO≥98％，铝镁尖晶石晶相≥95％；其中：0.088mm≤粒度≤1mm的占尖晶石总质量的60-65％，粒度≤0.088mm的占尖晶石总质量的35-40％。
所述的活性氧化铝微粉中Al2O3的的质量百分比≥99％，且粒度为0-3μm。
所述的金属铝粉中Al的质量百分比≥98％，且粒度≤0.088mm。
所述的鳞片石墨中C的质量百分比≥94％，且粒度≤0.088mm。
所述的酚醛树脂为热固型酚醛树脂，残碳≥43％，固含量≥80％，水分＜4％。
将回收的铝镁碳砖进行拣选、粉碎、磁选除铁并洁净处理，进行水化和假颗粒处理，最后制成通料颗粒；将铝镁碳砖颗粒、刚玉、电熔镁砂、铝镁尖晶石、铝粉、鳞片石墨及酚醛树脂按所述重量比例加入至混砂机中进行混炼；采用PLC电动程控螺旋压力机将混炼后物料压制成型，然后送入干燥炉在180-220℃温度下保持10-12小时，得到铝镁碳砖成品。
本发明的有益效果是：铝镁碳再生料为钢厂回收的铝镁碳再生料，控制镁砂的粒度≤1mm、 Al2O3粒度≤0.088mm能增加铝镁碳砖的高温原位反应产物MgAl2O3的量，使砖体产生微膨胀，填充颗粒间空隙，降低铝镁碳砖的显气孔率，控制材料的微观结构，改善铝镁碳砖在使用过程中抗渣性，并具有良好的热震稳定性。同时高温下基质中的尖晶石，可以捕捉熔渣中的FeO、 MnO，形成尖晶石固溶体，也能进一步提高铝镁碳砖的抗渣性。若镁砂粒度≥1mm、Al2O3粒度≥0.088mm，高温下，颗粒间难以充分反应，MgAl2O3仅在镁砂颗粒表面形成极少量，难以达到提高高温使用性能的效果。
由于氧化镁的加入，与其他成分形成较低熔点化合物，降低了液相最初出现的温度。在铝镁尖晶石形成后，由于熔渣的熔融形成粘度较高的液相，堵塞了结构中的毛细孔，阻止了熔渣的浸渗，提高了抗渣能力。
由于碳的熔点高浸润角小，阻止了渣向内部的侵蚀，进一步提高了砖抗侵蚀能力。同时具有很好的高温强度和抗热震稳定性。
镁铝尖晶石可充分利用其在反复加热和冷却时体积变化小及高温下尖晶石中富余氧化镁与配料中引入的氧化铝反应，形成二次尖晶石和尖晶石晶体的自身长大，使制品的组织结构更加密实和完整，抗侵蚀性和耐剥落性能得到提高。
通过合理的颗粒粒径的选择并添加金属铝粉，达到了降低气孔率，提高了强度。
1)本发明的铝镁碳砖相比传统铝镁碳砖，更耐高温冲刷，在使用温度下降低了砖体膨胀系数，维持了体积稳定性，提高了材料的抗渣性；采用了一部分铝镁碳砖再生料，较大降低了刚玉等铝质原料的使用量，减少了石墨用量，生产成本更低，具有较好的社会效益和经济效益；
2)本发明的铝镁碳砖热膨胀系数低、热稳定性好、高温塑性好、热态强度好，弹性模量小，且气孔率较低、抗渣侵蚀性好、使用寿命长，能满足电炉钢包精炼工艺。
3)本发明的铝镁碳砖修砌工艺简单，拆修施工容易，易于掌握，便于推广；铝镁碳砖砖由于具有一定的膨胀性能，使用后砖缝严实，整体性好。
本发明具有抗渣侵蚀、抗剥落、均衡侵蚀、热震稳定性好、寿命长、不收缩、使用安全、沾钢沾渣少、不污染钢液、拆包容易客户施工便捷等优点，是一种优质的包衬用耐火材料。本发明使用钢厂回收再生料降低资源消耗，降低生产成本；无需高温烧成，减少环境污染。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例与具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细说明：
实施例1
铝镁碳再生料20％，电熔刚玉51.2％，电熔镁铝尖晶石10％，电熔镁砂7％，鳞片石墨7％，活性氧化铝微粉1％，金属铝粉1％，酚醛树脂2.8％；
将回收的铝镁碳砖进行拣选、粉碎、磁选除铁并洁净处理，进行水化和假颗粒处理，最后制成通料颗粒；
将铝镁碳砖颗粒、刚玉、电熔镁砂、铝镁尖晶石、铝粉、鳞片石墨及酚醛树脂按所述重量比例加入至混砂机中进行混炼；
采用PLC电动程控螺旋压力机将混炼后物料压制成型，然后送入干燥炉在180-220℃温度下保持10-12小时，得到铝镁碳砖成品。
经测试，制得的不烧铝镁碳砖成品理化指标为：
使用此产品后，钢包的寿命提高了20％，获得了用户的好评。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种电炉钢包用不烧铝镁碳砖的生产工艺，其特征在于：所述的一种电炉钢包用不烧铝镁碳砖的组分为：铝镁碳再生料20％-40％，刚玉30％-60％，镁铝尖晶石3％-10％，镁砂7％-14％，鳞片石墨4％-12％，活性氧化铝微粉1％-5％，金属铝粉1％-3％，酚醛树脂2.3％-2.8％；以上各组分之和为百分之百。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种电炉钢包用不烧铝镁碳砖的生产工艺，其特征在于：所述的铝镁碳再生料中Al2O3的质量百分比≥45％，且铝镁碳砖再生料粒度为0.088mm≤粒度≤5mm；其中：0.088mm≤粒度≤1mm的铝镁碳砖再生料占铝镁碳砖再生料总质量的5-25％，1mm≤粒度≤3mm的铝镁碳砖再生料占铝镁碳砖再生料总质量的15-50％，3mm≤粒度≤5mm的铝镁碳砖再生料占铝镁碳砖再生料总质量的30-50％。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种电炉钢包用不烧铝镁碳砖的生产工艺，其特征在于：所述的刚玉为电熔刚玉或烧结刚玉；刚玉中Al2O3的质量百分比≥98％，粒度为5-3mm、3-1mm、1-0mm和≤0.088mm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种电炉钢包用不烧铝镁碳砖的生产工艺，其特征在于：所述的镁砂为电熔镁砂或烧结镁砂；镁砂中MgO的质量百分比≥97％，且镁砂的粒度≤1mm；其中：0.088mm≤粒度≤1mm的镁砂占镁砂总质量的60-65％，粒度≤0.088mm的镁砂占镁砂总质量的35-40％。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种电炉钢包用不烧铝镁碳砖的生产工艺，其特征在于：所述的镁铝尖晶石为电熔镁铝尖晶石；镁铝尖晶石中Al2O3+MgO≥98％，铝镁尖晶石晶相≥95％；其中：0.088mm≤粒度≤1mm的占尖晶石总质量的60-65％，粒度≤0.088mm的占尖晶石总质量的35-40％。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种电炉钢包用不烧铝镁碳砖的生产工艺，其特征在于：所述的活性氧化铝微粉中Al2O3的的质量百分比≥99％，且粒度为0-3μm。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种电炉钢包用不烧铝镁碳砖的生产工艺，其特征在于：所述的金属铝粉中Al的质量百分比≥98％，且粒度≤0.088mm。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种电炉钢包用不烧铝镁碳砖的生产工艺，其特征在于：所述的鳞片石墨中C的质量百分比≥94％，且粒度≤0.088mm。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种电炉钢包用不烧铝镁碳砖的生产工艺，其特征在于：所述的酚醛树脂为热固型酚醛树脂，残碳≥43％，固含量≥80％，水分＜4％。
10.根据权利要求1所述的一种电炉钢包用不烧铝镁碳砖的生产工艺，其特征在于：将回收的铝镁碳砖进行拣选、粉碎、磁选除铁并洁净处理，进行水化和假颗粒处理，最后制成通料颗粒；将铝镁碳砖颗粒、刚玉、电熔镁砂、铝镁尖晶石、铝粉、鳞片石墨及酚醛树脂按所述重量比例加入至混砂机中进行混炼；采用PLC电动程控螺旋压力机将混炼后物料压制成型，然后送入干燥炉在180-220℃温度下保持10-12小时，得到铝镁碳砖成品。
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