CN113321495A - 一种无水泥高性能泵送炉缸料 - Google Patents
一种无水泥高性能泵送炉缸料 Download PDFInfo
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
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- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种无水泥高性能泵送炉缸料,包括:电熔刚玉颗粒,碳化硅颗粒和细粉,α‑氧化铝微粉,ρ‑氧化铝微粉,氧化硅微粉,复合防爆剂,分散剂,抗氧化剂。本发明的无水泥高性能泵送炉缸料不引入钙质材料,可减少浇注料中低熔点化合物的生成,尤其是,采用硅溶胶和ρ‑氧化铝微粉作为结合剂,得到无水泥高性能炉缸浇注料,不仅保证浇注料具有优异自流泵送的施工性能和快干防爆性能,而且提高炉缸浇注料的高温抗折强度、抗冲刷性能、抗侵蚀性能、高温使用性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于耐火材料技术领域,具体而言,本发明涉及一种耐高温、抗冲刷、抗侵蚀的高炉炉缸用无水泥高性能泵送炉缸料。
背景技术
高炉长寿是现代化高炉炼铁追求的目标,是炼铁行业普遍关注的重点。随着我国钢铁工业的发展,我国高炉的数量迅速增加,高炉容积向大型化发展,高炉的设计水平和使用寿命都有了较大提高。但是和一些高品质的高炉相比还有一定的差距,如日本川崎公司容量4500m3的千叶6#高炉、水岛2#高炉和水岛4#高炉都取得了20年以上的寿命业绩,而我国一般高炉的寿命在10年左右,仅少数高炉寿命能达到15年。影响高炉使用寿命的因素很多,如炉型设计、装备、原料、耐火材料、施工、维护、生产操作管理水平等等,其中炉缸用耐火材料寿命是影响高炉寿命的关键因素,研究高寿命炉缸用耐火材料是提高高炉使用寿命的重要课题。
炉缸损毁的原因主要有以下几个方面:(1)渣铁和煤气的冲刷作用;(2)煤气中CO、O2、和H2O的氧化作用;(3)热应力的破坏作用;(4)碱金属的侵蚀;(5)铁水的渗透侵蚀。
为解决上述问题,现有技术中有采用含水泥的炉缸料,例如中国专利文献CN11875357A中公开一种抗氧化高抗折炉缸浇注料及其生产方法,并具体公开了其采用白玉刚颗粒、电熔镁砂、铝酸钙水泥、三氧化二铝、二氧化硅微粉、抗氧化剂、稳定剂等原料。上述技术方案虽然可以改善浇注料的抗氧化性,在一定程度上减少炉缸使用过程中煤气中CO、O2、和H2O的氧化作用对炉缸的影响,但是由于该浇注料中包含铝酸钙水泥,易生成低熔点化合物,进而使得到的浇注料的高温抗折强度、抗侵蚀性能、抗冲刷性能和高温使用性能变差。
鉴于此,目前亟待提出一种不引入钙质材料的高性能泵送炉缸料。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种无水泥高性能泵送炉缸料,以解决现有技术中的炉缸料的高温抗折强度、抗冲刷性、抗侵蚀性和高温使用性能不佳的问题。
为了解决上述问题,本发明提供一种无水泥高性能泵送炉缸料,包括:电熔刚玉颗粒,碳化硅颗粒和细粉,α-氧化铝微粉,ρ-氧化铝微粉,氧化硅微粉,复合防爆剂,分散剂,抗氧化剂。
所述的无水泥高性能泵送炉缸料,按重量份计,包括:电熔刚玉颗粒50-60,碳化硅颗粒和细粉10-30,α-氧化铝微粉5-10,ρ-氧化铝微粉1-5,氧化硅微粉1-6,复合防爆剂1-5,分散剂0.2-0.5,抗氧化剂0.2-0.5。
所述电熔刚玉的Al2O3含量≥99%、Fe2O3含量≤0.1%、R2O含量≤0.1%、颗粒体积密度≥3.90g/cm3。
所述碳化硅颗粒和细粉的SiC含量≥97%、Fe2O3含量≤0.4%、游离碳含量≤0.5%、游离硅含量≤0.6%;且所述碳化硅颗粒和细粉的颗粒粒度为1-0mm,细粉粒度为200目和/或325目。
所述α-氧化铝微粉的Al2O3含量≥99.0%、Fe2O3含量≤0.04%、R2O含量≤0.3%、SiO2含量≤0.1%;且所述α-氧化铝微粉的粒度为1µm。
所述ρ-氧化铝微粉的Al2O3含量≥95.0%、Fe2O3含量≤0.05%、R2O含量≤0.4%、SiO2含量≤0.1%;且所述ρ-氧化铝微粉的粒度为5µm。
所述氧化硅微粉的SiO2含量为92~95%,ZrO2含量3~7%,Fe2O3≤0.2%。
所述的无水泥高性能泵送炉缸料,采用硅溶胶作为溶胶结合剂;所述硅溶胶的SiO2含量为29-31%、R2O含量≤0.5%、pH值为9.0-10.0、于25℃下的比重为1.19-1.22 g/cm3、于25℃下的粘度为≤10mPa.s、粒径为10-15nm。
所述炉缸料的临界粒度为8mm,粒级为8-5mm、5-3mm、3-1mm、1-0mm、200目、325目,其中8-5mm粒级的成分的重量百分比不大于10%。
所述复合防爆剂为金属铝粉、乳酸铝、金属硅粉和聚丙烯纤维中的一种或多种;
所述分散剂为三聚磷酸钠、六偏磷酸钠和MG800中的一种或多种;其中,MG800为一种高效减水剂。
所述抗氧化剂为碳化硼。
本发明还提供一种所述的无水泥高性能泵送炉缸料的成型方法,包括如下步骤:按重量份取电熔刚玉颗粒、碳化硅颗粒和细粉、α-氧化铝微粉、ρ-氧化铝微粉、氧化硅微粉、复合防爆剂、分散剂,抗氧化剂,混合后,向其中加入溶胶结合剂,搅拌均匀;然后,将得到的混合物浇筑成型、养护、脱模、烘烤,即得。
本发明与现有技术相比,具有以下有益效果:
(1)本发明所述的无水泥高性能泵送炉缸料,包括电熔刚玉颗粒、碳化硅颗粒和细粉、α-氧化铝微粉、ρ-氧化铝微粉、氧化硅微粉、复合防爆剂、分散剂、抗氧化剂。其中,电熔刚玉颗粒、碳化硅颗粒作为主要骨料,ρ-氧化铝微粉为结合剂,碳化硅细粉、α-氧化铝微粉、氧化硅微粉作为基质。本发明的无水泥高性能泵送炉缸料不引入钙质材料,可减少浇注料中低熔点化合物的生成,尤其是,采用硅溶胶和ρ-氧化铝微粉作为结合剂,得到无水泥高性能炉缸浇注料,不仅保证浇注料具有优异自流泵送的施工性能和快干防爆性能,而且提高炉缸浇注料的高温抗折强度、抗冲刷性能、抗侵蚀性能、高温使用性能。
(2)本发明所述的无水泥高性能泵送炉缸料,通过调整基质成分、优化颗粒级配比,得到流动性好,满足泵送施工要求,提高施工效率,进一步提高炉缸料的综合性能。
具体实施方式
本发明各实施例中未注明具体条件者,按照常规条件或制造商建议的条件进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者,均为可以通过市购获得的常规产品。各实施例中所用原料均为市场购得。
实施例1
本实施例的无水泥高性能泵送炉缸料,按重量份计,包括:电熔刚玉颗粒58,碳化硅颗粒和细粉25,α-氧化铝微粉6,ρ-氧化铝微粉2,氧化硅微粉5,复合防爆剂4.05,分散剂0.3,抗氧化剂0.3。
其中,所述电熔刚玉的Al2O3含量≥99%、Fe2O3含量≤0.1%、R2O含量≤0.1%、颗粒体积密度≥3.90g/cm3。
所述碳化硅颗粒和细粉的SiC含量≥97%、Fe2O3含量≤0.4%、游离碳含量≤0.5%、游离硅含量≤0.6%;且所述碳化硅颗粒和细粉的颗粒粒度为1-0mm,细粉粒度为200目和/或325目。
所述α-氧化铝微粉的Al2O3含量≥99.0%、Fe2O3含量≤0.04%、R2O含量≤0.3%、SiO2含量≤0.1%;且所述α-氧化铝微粉的粒度为1µm。
所述ρ-氧化铝微粉的Al2O3含量≥95.0%、Fe2O3含量≤0.05%、R2O含量≤0.4%、SiO2含量≤0.1%;且所述ρ-氧化铝微粉的粒度为5µm。
所述氧化硅微粉的SiO2含量为92~95%,ZrO2含量3~7%,Fe2O3≤0.2%。
所述复合防爆剂为金属硅、乳酸铝和聚丙烯纤维按照10:1:1的重量比混合而成;
所述分散剂为六偏磷酸钠和MG800按照2:1的重量比混合而成;本实施例中,所述MG800购买自河南铝镁耐材股份有限公司。
所述抗氧化剂为碳化硼。
所述无水泥高性能泵送炉缸料采用硅溶胶作为溶胶结合剂;所述硅溶胶的SiO2含量为29-31%、R2O含量≤0.5%、pH值为9.0-10.0、于25℃下的比重为1.19-1.22 g/cm3、于25℃下的粘度为≤10mPa.s、粒径为10-15nm。
所述炉缸料的临界粒度为8mm,粒级为8-5mm、5-3mm、3-1mm、1-0mm、200目、325目,其中8-5mm粒级的成分的重量百分比不大于10%。
所述的无水泥高性能泵送炉缸料的成型方法,包括如下步骤:
按重量份取电熔刚玉颗粒、碳化硅颗粒和细粉、α-氧化铝微粉、ρ-氧化铝微粉、氧化硅微粉、复合防爆剂、分散剂,抗氧化剂,混合后,向其中加入溶胶结合剂,搅拌均匀;然后,将得到的混合物浇筑成型、养护、脱模、烘烤,即得。
作为本实施例的优选实现方式,所述的无水泥高性能泵送炉缸料的成型方法,具体包括如下步骤:按重量份取电熔刚玉颗粒、碳化硅颗粒和细粉、α-氧化铝微粉、ρ-氧化铝微粉、氧化硅微粉、复合防爆剂、分散剂,抗氧化剂,干混2min,向其中加入9重量份的硅溶胶,再搅拌3min;然后,将得到的混合物震动浇注成型为40mm×40mm×160mm的样块,养护24小时后脱模, 在110℃烘箱中烘烤24h,即得。
实施例2
本实施例的无水泥高性能泵送炉缸料,按重量份计,包括:电熔刚玉颗粒60,碳化硅颗粒和细粉20,α-氧化铝微粉5,ρ-氧化铝微粉5,氧化硅微粉5,复合防爆剂5,分散剂0.2,抗氧化剂0.5。
其中,所述电熔刚玉的Al2O3含量≥99%、Fe2O3含量≤0.1%、R2O含量≤0.1%、颗粒体积密度≥3.90g/cm3。
所述碳化硅颗粒和细粉的SiC含量≥97%、Fe2O3含量≤0.4%、游离碳含量≤0.5%、游离硅含量≤0.6%;且所述碳化硅颗粒和细粉的颗粒粒度为1-0mm,细粉粒度为200目和/或325目。
所述α-氧化铝微粉的Al2O3含量≥99.0%、Fe2O3含量≤0.04%、R2O含量≤0.3%、SiO2含量≤0.1%;且所述α-氧化铝微粉的粒度为1µm。
所述ρ-氧化铝微粉的Al2O3含量≥95.0%、Fe2O3含量≤0.05%、R2O含量≤0.4%、SiO2含量≤0.1%;且所述ρ-氧化铝微粉的粒度为5µm。
所述氧化硅微粉的SiO2含量为92~95%,ZrO2含量3~7%,Fe2O3≤0.2%。
所述复合防爆剂为金属铝粉、金属硅粉和聚丙烯纤维按照0.5:10:1的重量比混合而成;
所述分散剂为三聚磷酸钠;
所述抗氧化剂为碳化硼。
所述无水泥高性能泵送炉缸料采用硅溶胶作为溶胶结合剂;所述硅溶胶的SiO2含量为29-31%、R2O含量≤0.5%、pH值为9.0-10.0、于25℃下的比重为1.19-1.22 g/cm3、于25℃下的粘度为≤10mPa.s、粒径为10-15nm。
所述炉缸料的临界粒度为8mm,粒级为8-5mm、5-3mm、3-1mm、1-0mm、200目、325目,其中8-5mm粒级的成分的重量百分比不大于10%。
所述的无水泥高性能泵送炉缸料的成型方法,包括如下步骤:
按重量份取电熔刚玉颗粒、碳化硅颗粒和细粉、α-氧化铝微粉、ρ-氧化铝微粉、氧化硅微粉、复合防爆剂、分散剂,抗氧化剂,混合后,向其中加入溶胶结合剂,搅拌均匀;然后,将得到的混合物浇筑成型、养护、脱模、烘烤,即得。
作为本实施例的优选实现方式,所述的无水泥高性能泵送炉缸料的成型方法,具体包括如下步骤:按重量份取电熔刚玉颗粒、碳化硅颗粒和细粉、α-氧化铝微粉、ρ-氧化铝微粉、氧化硅微粉、复合防爆剂、分散剂,抗氧化剂,干混2min,向其中加入9重量份的硅溶胶,再搅拌3min;然后,将得到的混合物震动浇注成型为40mm×40mm×160mm的样块,养护24小时后脱模, 在110℃烘箱中烘烤24h,即得。
实施例3
本实施例的无水泥高性能泵送炉缸料,按重量份计,包括:电熔刚玉颗粒50,碳化硅颗粒和细粉30,α-氧化铝微粉8,ρ-氧化铝微粉5,氧化硅微粉5,复合防爆剂1.5,分散剂0.5,抗氧化剂0.2。
其中,所述电熔刚玉的Al2O3含量≥99%、Fe2O3含量≤0.1%、R2O含量≤0.1%、颗粒体积密度≥3.90g/cm3。
所述碳化硅颗粒和细粉的SiC含量≥97%、Fe2O3含量≤0.4%、游离碳含量≤0.5%、游离硅含量≤0.6%;且所述碳化硅颗粒和细粉的颗粒粒度为1-0mm,细粉粒度为200目和/或325目。
所述α-氧化铝微粉的Al2O3含量≥99.0%、Fe2O3含量≤0.04%、R2O含量≤0.3%、SiO2含量≤0.1%;且所述α-氧化铝微粉的粒度为1µm。
所述ρ-氧化铝微粉的Al2O3含量≥95.0%、Fe2O3含量≤0.05%、R2O含量≤0.4%、SiO2含量≤0.1%;且所述ρ-氧化铝微粉的粒度为5µm。
所述氧化硅微粉的SiO2含量为92~95%,ZrO2含量3~7%,Fe2O3≤0.2%。
所述复合防爆剂为金属铝粉、金属硅粉和聚丙烯纤维按照1:5:1的重量比混合而成;
所述分散剂为三聚磷酸钠和六偏磷酸钠按照1:2的重量比混合而成;
所述抗氧化剂为碳化硼。
所述无水泥高性能泵送炉缸料采用硅溶胶作为溶胶结合剂;所述硅溶胶的SiO2含量为29-31%、R2O含量≤0.5%、pH值为9.0-10.0、于25℃下的比重为1.19-1.22 g/cm3、于25℃下的粘度为≤10mPa.s、粒径为10-15nm。
所述炉缸料的临界粒度为8mm,粒级为8-5mm、5-3mm、3-1mm、1-0mm、200目、325目,其中8-5mm粒级的成分的重量百分比不大于10%。
所述的无水泥高性能泵送炉缸料的成型方法,包括如下步骤:
按重量份取电熔刚玉颗粒、碳化硅颗粒和细粉、α-氧化铝微粉、ρ-氧化铝微粉、氧化硅微粉、复合防爆剂、分散剂,抗氧化剂,混合后,向其中加入溶胶结合剂,搅拌均匀;然后,将得到的混合物浇筑成型、养护、脱模、烘烤,即得。
作为本实施例的优选实现方式,所述的无水泥高性能泵送炉缸料的成型方法,具体包括如下步骤:按重量份取电熔刚玉颗粒、碳化硅颗粒和细粉、α-氧化铝微粉、ρ-氧化铝微粉、氧化硅微粉、复合防爆剂、分散剂,抗氧化剂,干混2min,向其中加入9重量份的硅溶胶,再搅拌3min;然后,将得到的混合物震动浇注成型为40mm×40mm×160mm的样块,养护24小时后脱模, 在110℃烘箱中烘烤24h,即得。
实施例4
本实施例的无水泥高性能泵送炉缸料与实施例1的组分完全一致,区别仅在于:ρ-氧化铝微粉的用量为4重量份。
实施例5
本实施例的无水泥高性能泵送炉缸料与实施例1的组分完全一致,区别仅在于:ρ-氧化铝微粉的用量为6重量份。
实施例6
本实施例的无水泥高性能泵送炉缸料与实施例3的组分完全一致,区别仅在于:分散剂为三聚磷酸钠和六偏磷酸钠按照2:1的重量比混合而成。
实施例7
本实施例的无水泥高性能泵送炉缸料与实施例3的组分完全一致,区别仅在于:分散剂为三聚磷酸钠和六偏磷酸钠按照1:3的重量比混合而成。
实施例8
本实施例的无水泥高性能泵送炉缸料与实施例1的组分完全一致,区别仅在于:采用10重量份的硅溶胶替代9重量份的硅溶胶。
对比例1
本对比例的炉缸料与实施例3的组分完全一致,区别仅在于:还包含5重量份的铝酸钙水泥。
所述炉缸料的制备方法与实施例3相同。
效果试验例
取实施例1-8、对比例1中制备得到的炉缸料,编号为1-9,分别进行以下实验:
按重量份取电熔刚玉颗粒、碳化硅颗粒和细粉、α-氧化铝微粉、ρ-氧化铝微粉、氧化硅微粉、复合防爆剂、分散剂、抗氧化剂,干混2min,向其中加入重量百分比为9%的硅溶胶,再搅拌3min;然后,将得到的混合物震动浇注成型为40mm×40mm×160mm的样块,养护24小时后脱模, 在110℃烘箱中烘烤24h,在高温炉中烧1500℃×3h,做1400℃×0.5h热态抗折强度。在上述过程中,分别检测:110℃×24h烘后体积密度、110℃×24h烘后冷态抗折强度、110℃×24h烘后冷态耐压强度、1500℃×3h烧后冷态抗折强度、1500℃×3h烧后冷态耐压强度、1500℃×3h烧后永久线变化率、1400℃×0.5h热态抗折强度。
经测定,得到实验结果如下:
由上述结果可知,当结合剂ρ-氧化铝微粉与硅溶胶配合使用时,得到的炉缸料性能较优,ρ-氧化铝微粉的用量对炉缸料的性能也有影响。另外,结合剂与分散剂需配合使用,尤其是所述分散剂为六偏磷酸钠和MG800按照2:1的重量比混合而成时,得到的炉缸料综合性能最优。所述分散剂为三聚磷酸钠和六偏磷酸钠按照1:2的重量比混合而成时,1400℃×0.5h热态抗折强度最高。
显然,上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的举例,而并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说,在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明创造的保护范围之中。
Claims (10)
1.一种无水泥高性能泵送炉缸料,其特征在于,包括:电熔刚玉颗粒,碳化硅颗粒和细粉,α-氧化铝微粉,ρ-氧化铝微粉,氧化硅微粉,复合防爆剂,分散剂,抗氧化剂。
2.根据权利要求1中所述的无水泥高性能泵送炉缸料,其特征在于,按重量份计,包括:电熔刚玉颗粒50-60,碳化硅颗粒和细粉10-30,α-氧化铝微粉5-10,ρ-氧化铝微粉1-5,氧化硅微粉1-6,复合防爆剂1-5,分散剂0.2-0.5,抗氧化剂0.2-0.5。
3.根据权利要求1中所述的无水泥高性能泵送炉缸料,其特征在于,所述电熔刚玉的Al2O3含量≥99%、Fe2O3含量≤0.1%、R2O含量≤0.1%、颗粒体积密度≥3.90g/cm3。
4.根据权利要求1所述的无水泥高性能泵送炉缸料,其特征在于,所述碳化硅颗粒和细粉的SiC含量≥97%、Fe2O3含量≤0.4%、游离碳含量≤0.5%、游离硅含量≤0.6%;且所述碳化硅颗粒和细粉的颗粒粒度为1-0mm,细粉粒度为200目和/或325目。
5.根据权利要求1所述的无水泥高性能泵送炉缸料,其特征在于,所述α-氧化铝微粉的Al2O3含量≥99.0%、Fe2O3含量≤0.04%、R2O含量≤0.3%、SiO2含量≤0.1%;且所述α-氧化铝微粉的粒度为1µm。
6.根据权利要求1所述的无水泥高性能泵送炉缸料,其特征在于,所述ρ-氧化铝微粉的Al2O3含量≥95.0%、Fe2O3含量≤0.05%、R2O含量≤0.4%、SiO2含量≤0.1%;且所述ρ-氧化铝微粉的粒度为5µm。
7.根据权利要求1所述的无水泥高性能泵送炉缸料,其特征在于,所述氧化硅微粉的SiO2含量为92~95%,ZrO2含量3~7%,Fe2O3≤0.2%。
8.根据权利要求1所述的无水泥高性能泵送炉缸料,其特征在于,采用硅溶胶作为溶胶结合剂;所述硅溶胶的SiO2含量为29-31%、R2O含量≤0.5%、pH值为9.0-10.0、于25℃下的比重为1.19-1.22 g/cm3、于25℃下的粘度为≤10mPa.s、粒径为10-15nm。
9.根据权利要求1所述的无水泥高性能泵送炉缸料,其特征在于,所述炉缸料的临界粒度为8mm,粒级为8-5mm、5-3mm、3-1mm、1-0mm、200目、325目,其中8-5mm粒级的成分的重量百分比不大于10%。
10.根据权利要求1所述的无水泥高性能泵送炉缸料,其特征在于,所述复合防爆剂为金属铝粉、乳酸铝、金属硅粉和聚丙烯纤维中的一种或多种;
所述分散剂为三聚磷酸钠、六偏磷酸钠和MG800中的一种或多种;
所述抗氧化剂为碳化硼。
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