CN115530025A - Green and environment-friendly tomato planting method - Google Patents
Green and environment-friendly tomato planting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115530025A CN115530025A CN202211400250.5A CN202211400250A CN115530025A CN 115530025 A CN115530025 A CN 115530025A CN 202211400250 A CN202211400250 A CN 202211400250A CN 115530025 A CN115530025 A CN 115530025A
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- 240000003768 Solanum lycopersicum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 235000007688 Lycopersicon esculentum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000005653 Bifenazate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- VHLKTXFWDRXILV-UHFFFAOYSA-N bifenazate Chemical compound C1=C(NNC(=O)OC(C)C)C(OC)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 VHLKTXFWDRXILV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
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- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003223 protective agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical group O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical group [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical group [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- IHHMUBRVTJMLQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyraclonil Chemical compound C#CCN(C)C1=C(C#N)C=NN1C1=NN(CCCC2)C2=C1Cl IHHMUBRVTJMLQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010059866 Drug resistance Diseases 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 229920000053 polysorbate 80 Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TVONJMOVBKMLOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylidenebutanenitrile Chemical compound CCC(=C)C#N TVONJMOVBKMLOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003042 antagnostic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
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- UISUNVFOGSJSKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorfluazuron Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(F)=C1C(=O)NC(=O)NC(C=C1Cl)=CC(Cl)=C1OC1=NC=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1Cl UISUNVFOGSJSKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
- A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/56—1,2-Diazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2-diazoles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
- A01N47/24—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing the groups, or; Thio analogues thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P7/00—Arthropodicides
- A01P7/02—Acaricides
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of tomato planting, and particularly belongs to a green and environment-friendly tomato planting method. A green environment-friendly tomato planting method comprises the following steps: (1) seed selection and germination acceleration; (2) seedling and transplanting; (3) field management; and (4) pest control: when a large number of tomato gall mites appear on tomato plants, a synergistic agent containing bifenazate is sprayed; the active ingredients of the bifenazate-containing synergistic medicament consist of bifenazate and pyraclonil or scoparone; and (5) harvesting the fruits. According to the invention, the synergistic agent containing bifenazate is sprayed to prevent and control tomato gall mites in the tomato planting process, the synergistic coefficient SR of the active ingredients in the synergistic agent is more than 1.5 in compounding, the synergistic effect is shown on preventing and controlling tomato gall mites, the spraying dosage of pesticides can be reduced, the pesticide application amount in the tomato planting process is reduced, the environmental pollution is reduced, the pesticide residue in harvested tomato fruits is reduced, and the green and environment-friendly planting of tomatoes can be realized to a certain extent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tomato planting, and particularly belongs to a green and environment-friendly tomato planting method.
Background
The tomato is rich in nutrition and has special flavor. Organic acids such as malic acid and citric acid in fructus Lycopersici Esculenti can increase gastric acidity, promote digestion, and regulate intestine and stomach. Meanwhile, the fruit acid contained in the tomatoes can reduce the content of cholesterol, and is beneficial to hyperlipidemia. In addition, the tomato is rich in various vitamins beneficial to human bodies and various elements such as calcium, iron, zinc and the like.
During the tomato planting process, various pests and diseases are often encountered, and tomato gall mites are one of the pests which harm tomato plants. The tomato gall mite belongs to gall mite family pests, which are pests on solanaceae vegetables and mainly damage solanaceae crops such as tomatoes, peppers, potatoes and the like. Tomato gall mites affect the fruit quality and yield of tomato crops. In the actual agricultural production process, the most commonly adopted mode for preventing and controlling tomato gall mites is to spray chemical agents, the chemical agents have the advantages of quick response and the like, but the long-term use of single chemical agents has resistance risks, and once pests have resistance to the chemical agents, the control effect of the chemical agents on the pests is reduced.
Bifenazate is a selective acaricide for foliar spray, and the action mechanism of the bifenazate is the unique action on mitochondrial electron transfer chain complex III inhibitors of mites. It is effective against various stages of life of mites, and has ovicidal activity and knockdown activity against adult mites. Tomato gall mites can be controlled by spraying bifenazate, but with the long-term and large-scale use of bifenazate, the tomato gall mites have generated a certain degree of drug resistance to the bifenazate, so that the control effect of the tomato gall mites is reduced. While the increase of the application dosage of the bifenazate can improve the control effect on the pest tomato gall mite in a short time, the generation of the drug resistance of the bifenazate can be accelerated, meanwhile, the pesticide residue in the fruits of crops can be increased, the body health of people is affected, and the environmental pollution is also aggravated.
Therefore, the need of providing a bifenazate-containing synergistic agent for green and environment-friendly planting of tomatoes is high. At present, no report related to the compounding of bifenazate and pyraclonil or scoparone is found.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a green and environment-friendly tomato planting method, which is used for preventing and treating tomato gall mites by spraying a synergistic agent containing bifenazate in a planting process, can reduce the spraying dosage of pesticides and the pesticide application amount in a tomato planting process, thereby reducing environmental pollution, reducing pesticide residues in harvested tomato fruits and realizing green and environment-friendly planting of tomatoes.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a green environment-friendly tomato planting method comprises the following steps:
(1) Seed selection and germination acceleration: selecting high-yield, cold-resistant and stress-resistant tomato seeds, placing the tomato seeds in warm water with the volume of 3-4 times of that of the seeds and the temperature of 40-50 ℃ for soaking for 20-25min, taking out the tomato seeds, cleaning the tomato seeds with clear water, wrapping the tomato seeds with wet gauze, and accelerating germination in a constant temperature box with the temperature of 25-35 ℃;
(2) Seedling and transplanting: placing the exposed seeds in a plug tray for seedling culture, and transplanting and planting the seedlings into a planting field when the seedlings grow to 6-8 true leaves;
(3) Field management: after 6-8 days of field planting, applying a compound fertilizer; when the plant grows to 30-40cm, building a frame and binding vines, and simultaneously pruning the plant to leave only one main branch; when the first cluster of tomato begins to expand, additional fertilizer is applied, and the additional fertilizer is applied again at an interval of 15 days;
(4) And (3) pest control: when tomato gall mite damage occurs on tomato plants, spraying a synergistic agent containing bifenazate; the active ingredients of the bifenazate-containing synergistic agent comprise bifenazate and ethiozolomide or scoparone, wherein the mass ratio of the bifenazate to the ethiozolomide is 1-15:8-1; the mass ratio of the bifenazate to the scoparone is 1-30:9-1;
(5) Harvesting fruits: after the tomato fruits are ripe, batch harvesting is carried out.
Preferably, the row spacing of the tomato seedlings in the step (2) is 0.7m, and the plant spacing is 0.5m.
Preferably, the application amount of the compound fertilizer in the step (3) is 6 kg/mu; the additional fertilizer is a potash fertilizer, and the application amount is 25 kg/mu.
Preferably, in the step (4), the bifenazate-containing synergistic agent consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 30-50% of active ingredient, 1-3% of wetting agent, 8-15% of dispersing agent, 3-5% of disintegrating agent, 0.5-1.5% of protective agent and the balance of filler.
Specifically, the wetting agent is sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate; the dispersant is a polycarboxylate; the disintegrating agent is potassium sulfate; the protective agent is ascorbic acid; the filler is bentonite.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the synergistic agent containing bifenazate is sprayed to prevent and control tomato gall mites in a tomato planting process, wherein the synergistic coefficient SR of the active ingredients in the synergistic agent is more than 1.5 during compounding, the synergistic effect on preventing and controlling tomato gall mites is shown, the spraying dosage of pesticide can be reduced, the pesticide application dosage in the tomato planting process is reduced, thus the environmental pollution is reduced, the pesticide residue in harvested tomato fruits is reduced, and the green and environment-friendly planting of tomatoes can be realized to a certain extent.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be better understood from the following examples, which are given for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the invention as detailed in the claims.
Example 1
A green environment-friendly tomato planting method comprises the following steps:
(1) Seed selection and germination acceleration: selecting high-yield, cold-resistant and stress-resistant tomato seeds, placing the tomato seeds in 45 ℃ warm water with 4 times of the volume of the seeds, soaking for 25min, taking out, cleaning with clear water, wrapping with wet gauze, and accelerating germination in a 30 ℃ constant temperature box;
(2) Seedling and transplanting: placing the exposed seeds in a plug for seedling culture, transplanting and planting the seedlings into a planting field when the seedlings grow to 8 true leaves, wherein the row spacing and the plant spacing are 0.7m and 0.5m respectively during planting;
(3) Field management: after planting for 8 days, applying 15-15-15 compound fertilizer with the application amount of 6 kg/mu; when the plant grows to 30-40cm, building a frame and binding vines, and simultaneously pruning the plant to leave only one main branch; when the first cluster fruit of the tomato begins to expand, applying potash fertilizer and topdressing, and again applying potash fertilizer and topdressing at an interval of 15 days, wherein the application amount is 25 kg/mu;
(4) And (3) pest control: when tomato gall mite damage occurs on tomato plants, a synergistic agent containing bifenazate is sprayed; the active ingredients of the bifenazate-containing synergistic agent comprise bifenazate and ethiozolomide, wherein the mass ratio of the bifenazate to the ethiozolomide is 1:4; more specifically, the bifenazate-containing synergistic agent consists of the following components: 45% of active ingredient, 2% of wetting agent sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 15% of nopilecace SN5040 dispersing agent, 3% of disintegrating agent potassium sulfate, 0.5% of protective agent ascorbic acid and the balance of filler bentonite;
(5) Harvesting fruits: after the tomato fruits are ripe, batch harvesting is carried out.
Example 2
A green environment-friendly tomato planting method comprises the following steps:
(1) Seed selection and germination acceleration: selecting high-yield, cold-resistant and stress-resistant tomato seeds, placing the tomato seeds in 45 ℃ warm water with 4 times of the volume of the seeds, soaking for 25min, taking out, cleaning with clear water, wrapping with wet gauze, and accelerating germination in a 30 ℃ constant temperature box;
(2) Seedling and transplanting: placing the exposed seeds in a plug for seedling culture, transplanting and planting the seedlings into a planting field when the seedlings grow to 8 true leaves, wherein the row spacing and the plant spacing are 0.7m and 0.5m respectively during planting;
(3) Field management: after planting for 8 days, applying 15-15-15 compound fertilizer with the application amount of 6 kg/mu; when the plant grows to 30-40cm, building a frame and binding vines, and simultaneously pruning the plant to leave only one main branch; when the first cluster fruit of the tomato begins to expand, applying potash fertilizer and topdressing, and again applying potash fertilizer and topdressing at an interval of 15 days, wherein the application amount is 25 kg/mu;
(4) And (3) pest control: when tomato gall mite damage occurs on tomato plants, a synergistic agent containing bifenazate is sprayed; the active ingredients of the bifenazate-containing synergistic medicament comprise bifenazate and scoparone, wherein the mass ratio of the bifenazate to the scoparone is 20:1; more specifically, the bifenazate-containing synergistic agent consists of the following components: 42% of active ingredient, 3% of wetting agent sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 12% of nopilecace SN5040 dispersing agent, 4% of disintegrating agent potassium sulfate, 0.5% of protective agent ascorbic acid and the balance of filler bentonite;
(5) Harvesting fruits: after the tomato fruits are ripe, batch harvesting is carried out.
Example 3: laboratory biological activity test
1. Testing harmful mites: tomato gall mites are collected from field tomato plants, the tomato gall mites are bred for a period of time by fresh and clean tomato tender leaves in a laboratory, and healthy and active tomato gall mite female adult mites are selected as test harmful mites.
2. Test agent
98% bifenazate technical product (Henan Lukang Biotech Co., ltd.), 98% ethacrylonitrile technical product (Shenyang Kechuang chemical Co., ltd.), 98% scoparone technical product (Shanghai Yuanye Biotech Co., ltd.)
Dissolving the raw medicine with dimethyl sulfoxide to prepare single-dose mother liquor, diluting with 0.1% Tween-80 aqueous solution, setting multiple groups of mass ratios, and setting 5 gradient mass concentrations for each single dose and each group of mixture according to an equal ratio method.
3. Test method
The spraying method of leaf disc is adopted. Selecting tomato leaves with consistent growth, and making into leaf disks by using a puncher with the aperture of 2 cm; placing a wet sponge block in a culture dish with the diameter of 9cm, placing filter paper on the wet sponge block, and placing leaf disks on the filter paper, wherein each dish is provided with 3 leaf disks; test pest mites were inoculated onto the leaf discs, 20 heads per leaf disc. The petri dish was placed under a pressure of 1.47X 10 5 Spraying on a bottom plate of a Potter spray tower of Pa, wherein the spraying liquid amount is 1mL, each treatment is repeated for 4 times, and the treatment of an aqueous solution only containing 0.1% Tween-80 is used as a blank control; taking out the liquid medicine after the liquid medicine is sunk for 1min, and turning to the temperature (25 +/-1) DEG C, the light cycle L: d = (16).
And observing death conditions of the pest mites 48h after treatment (the pests are judged to be dead if the pests touch the appendages of the pest mites with a soft writing brush and are still, respectively recording the total number of the pests and the number of the dead pests in each treatment, and calculating the corrected mortality of each treatment according to the total number of the pests and the number of the dead pests.
In the above formula: p-mortality in units; k- -number of dead insects; n- -total number of treated worms.
In the above formula: p 1 Corrected mortality in units of%; p t -treatment mortality in%; p 0 Blank mortality in%.
4. Data analysis
Using DPS software to perform regression analysis on the log values of the concentrations of the test agents and the corrected mortality probability values, and calculating the EC of each treatment agent 50 And the synergistic effect was evaluated according to the wadleley method.
SR is more than or equal to 1.5, which shows that the composition has a synergistic effect; SR < 0.5 shows antagonistic action; 0.5 < SR < 1.5 indicates additive effect, and the results are shown in tables 1-2.
TABLE 1 virulence of Bifenazate (A) and Chlorobipyr (B) combinations against tomato gall mites
As can be seen from Table 1, the ratio of (1-15): within the mass ratio range of 8-1, the synergistic coefficient of the bifenazate and the chlorfluazuron after being compounded to tomato gall mites is between 1.5774 and 13.6687, and is more than 1.5, and the composition shows synergistic effect on the prevention and treatment of tomato gall mites.
TABLE 2 virulence of Bifenazate (A) and scoparone (C) combinations against tomato gall mites
As can be seen from Table 2, the ratio of 1-30:9-1, the synergistic coefficient of the bifenazate and the scoparone after the combination is between 2.4753 and 15.9175, which are both more than 1.5, and the composition shows synergistic effect on preventing and treating tomato gall mites.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and modifications, which are within the scope of the invention, will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A green environment-friendly tomato planting method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Seed selection and germination acceleration: selecting high-yield, cold-resistant and stress-resistant tomato seeds, placing the tomato seeds in warm water with the volume of 3-4 times of that of the seeds and the temperature of 40-50 ℃ for soaking for 20-25min, taking out the tomato seeds, cleaning the tomato seeds with clear water, wrapping the tomato seeds with wet gauze, and accelerating germination in a constant temperature box with the temperature of 25-35 ℃;
(2) Seedling and transplanting: placing the exposed seeds in a plug tray for seedling culture, and transplanting and planting the seedlings into a planting field when the seedlings grow to 6-8 true leaves;
(3) And (3) field management: after 6-8 days of field planting, applying a compound fertilizer; when the plant grows to 30-40cm, erecting and tying the vine, and simultaneously pruning the plant to leave only one main branch; when the first cluster of tomato begins to expand, additional fertilizer is applied, and the additional fertilizer is applied again at an interval of 15 days;
(4) And (3) pest control: when tomato gall mite damage occurs on tomato plants, a synergistic agent containing bifenazate is sprayed; the active ingredients of the bifenazate-containing synergistic agent comprise bifenazate and ethiozolomide or scoparone, wherein the mass ratio of the bifenazate to the ethiozolomide is 1-15:8-1; the mass ratio of the bifenazate to the scoparone is 1-30:9-1;
(5) Harvesting fruits: after the tomato fruits are ripe, batch harvesting is carried out.
2. The green and environment-friendly tomato planting method according to claim 1, wherein the row spacing of the tomato seedlings in the step (2) during field planting is 0.7m, and the plant spacing is 0.5m.
3. The method for planting tomatoes as claimed in claim 1, wherein the amount of the compound fertilizer applied in step (3) is 6 kg/acre; the additional fertilizer is a potash fertilizer, and the application amount is 25 kg/mu.
4. The method for planting tomatoes as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bifenazate-containing synergist in step (4) comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 30-50% of active ingredient, 1-3% of wetting agent, 8-15% of dispersing agent, 3-5% of disintegrating agent, 0.5-1.5% of protective agent and the balance of filler.
5. The method for planting tomatoes as claimed in claim 4, wherein the wetting agent is sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate; the dispersant is a polycarboxylate; the disintegrating agent is potassium sulfate; the protective agent is ascorbic acid; the filler is bentonite.
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