CN114667881B

CN114667881B - Production method of wolfberry fruit with zero pesticide residues

Info

Publication number: CN114667881B
Application number: CN202210275074.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李捷; 冯丽丹; 王荣山; 何静
Original assignee: Gansu Agricultural University
Current assignee: Gansu Agricultural University
Priority date: 2022-03-21
Filing date: 2022-03-21
Publication date: 2023-07-18
Anticipated expiration: 2042-03-21
Also published as: CN114667881A

Abstract

The invention provides a production method of wolfberry fruit with zero pesticide residue, which comprises the following steps: during the dormancy stage of the medlar, cleaning the garden by using sulfur-containing mineral pesticides; adopting a nicotine pesticide for prevention and control before and after the germination period; in the new growth period, the combination of acaricide, nicotinyl insecticide and plant attractant is adopted for preventing and killing; at a new mature period, the combination of the tetronic acid acaricide and the plant resistance inducer is adopted for preventing and killing; in the early flowering stage, the combination of a neonicotinoid insecticide, an acaricide and a plant inducer is adopted for preventing and killing; in the young fruit stage, pyrethrin insecticide, macrolide insecticide, acaricide and plant resistance inducer are combined for preventing and killing; the ripe period of the first stubble fruits is prevented by adopting a sulfur-containing bactericide and a plant resistance inducer; after the fruit harvesting is completed, the control is carried out by using a combination of acaricides and fungicides. The invention combines the actual situation of occurrence of diseases and insect pests in the medlar cultivation to take medicine, realizes zero pesticide residue of medlar, reduces the input of harmful chemicals and reduces the cultivation cost.

Description

Production method of wolfberry fruit with zero pesticide residues

Technical Field

The invention relates to a production method of wolfberry fruit with zero pesticide residue.

Background

The medlar is a recognized plant for both medicine and food, and the fruits of the medlar have extremely high nutrition, medical health care and economic value. However, serious diseases and insect pests exist in the production of the medlar, growers usually adopt an unreasonable method to prevent and control, and higher pesticide residues are brought to products, so that the medlar becomes a main technical trade barrier for the production, consumption and export of medlar in China, and the healthy and sustainable development of the medlar industry is hindered.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a production method of wolfberry fruit with zero pesticide residues. The invention combines the actual situation of occurrence of diseases and insect pests in the cultivation of the medlar, scientifically and reasonably uses the medicine, realizes zero pesticide residues in the produced medlar, reduces the input of harmful chemicals in the cultivation of the medlar, and reduces the input of cultivation cost.

The invention discloses a method for producing wolfberry fruit without pesticide residue, which comprises the following main steps: 1. in the dormant period of the medlar, the field is cleaned by adopting the residue-free mineral pesticide, so that the number of insect mouths and the flora density of overwintering are reduced integrally, and the medlar is prepared for producing medlar with zero pesticide residue; 2. aiming at the occurrence rules of the pests such as medlar psyllids, gall mites, aphids, fruit flies, thrips and the like in the growing season, the key period of control is mastered, and the low-toxicity low-residue chemical pesticides are used for preventing and killing in a targeted and alternative manner, so that effective disinsection and zero residue of fruits are realized; 3. 7-9 months is the peak period of matrimony vine disease occurrence, mainly adopts the spraying of plant resistance inducer to strengthen matrimony vine plant disease resistance and prevent disease occurrence, and simultaneously is assisted with the control of mineral pesticides allowed to be used in organic agriculture to control the severity of diseases within an allowed range.

The invention provides a production method of wolfberry fruit with zero pesticide residue, which comprises the following steps:

(1) During the dormancy stage of the medlar, cleaning the garden by using sulfur-containing mineral pesticides;

(2) The control is carried out by adopting a nicotine pesticide before and after the germination period of the medlar;

(3) The new growth period of the medlar is controlled by adopting a method of combining acaricide, nicotinoid insecticide and plant resistance inducer;

(4) The new mature period of the medlar is prevented and removed by adopting a method of combining a tetronic acid acaricide and a plant resistance inducer;

(5) The method comprises the steps of preventing and removing the initial flowering period of the medlar by adopting a combination method of a neonicotinoid insecticide, an acaricide and a plant inducer;

(6) The young fruit period of the medlar adopts a method of combining pyrethrin insecticide, macrolide insecticide, acaricide and plant resistance inducer to prevent and remove;

(7) The ripe period of the first stubble of the medlar is prevented by adopting a method of combining sulfur-containing bactericides and plant resistance inducers;

(8) After the fruit harvesting is completed, the control is carried out by using a method of combining acaricide and fungicide.

Preferably, the method comprises the following steps:

(1) Before the medlar sprouts, spraying medlar tree bodies and garden fields by using a 3-5Be degree lime sulfur agent or a 500 times sulfur preparation;

(2) Spraying 5% abamectin and 30% thiamethoxam before and after the germination period of the medlar;

(3) Spraying 30% thiamethoxam, 22.4% spirotetramat and 5% amino-oligosaccharin in the new growth period of the medlar;

(4) Spraying 5% abamectin, 6% pyridaben, 22.4% spirotetramat and 5% amino-oligosaccharin in the new mature period of the medlar;

(5) Spraying 70% imidacloprid, 6% spinosad, 30% etoram, azocyclotin and 5% amino oligosaccharin in the initial flowering period of the medlar;

(6) Spraying 6% spinosad, 70% imidacloprid, 2.5% deltamethrin and 5% amino oligosaccharin in the young fruit stage of the Chinese wolfberry;

(7) Spraying 80% sulfur and 5% amino oligosaccharin in the mature period of the medlar stubble;

(8) After the fruits are harvested, 27% spirodiclofen and 70% thiophanate-methyl are sprayed.

Preferably, the method comprises the following steps:

(2) Spraying 5% avermectin 3000-5000 times liquid and 30% thiamethoxam 1500-2000 times liquid before and after the germination period of the medlar;

(3) Spraying 30% thiamethoxam 1500-2000 times liquid +22.4% spirotetramat 4000-6000 times liquid +5% amino oligosaccharin 800-1000 times liquid in new growth period of Chinese wolfberry;

(4) Spraying 5% avermectin 3000-5000 times liquid, 6% pyridaben 800-1000 times liquid, 22.4% spirotetramat 4000-6000 times liquid and 5% amino oligosaccharin 800-1000 times liquid at the new mature period of the medlar;

(5) Spraying 70% imidacloprid 7500-10000 times liquid, 6% spinosad 1500-2000 times liquid, 30% etoram azocyclotin 2000-2500 times liquid and 5% amino oligosaccharin 800-1000 times liquid in the initial flowering period of the medlar;

(6) Spraying 6% spinosad 1500-2000 times liquid, 70% imidacloprid 7500-10000 times liquid, 2.5% deltamethrin 1500-2000 times liquid and 5% amino oligosaccharin 800-1000 times liquid in young fruit stage of Chinese wolfberry;

(7) Spraying 80% sulfur 500-1000 times liquid and 5% amino oligosaccharin 800-1000 times liquid in the mature period of wolfberry stubble;

(8) After the fruits are harvested, 27% spirodiclofen 1000-1500 times liquid and 70% thiophanate-methyl 800-1000 times liquid are sprayed.

Preferably, the method comprises the following steps:

(1) Before the medlar sprouts, spraying medlar tree bodies and garden fields by using a 3-5Be degree lime sulfur agent;

(2) Spraying 4000 times of 5% abamectin and 1500 times of 30% thiamethoxam before and after the germination period of the medlar;

(3) Spraying 1500 times of 30% thiamethoxam, 5000 times of 22.4% spirotetramat and 800 times of 5% amino oligosaccharin into the new growth period of the medlar;

(4) Spraying 4000 times of 5% avermectin, 800 times of 6% pyridaben, 5000 times of 22.4% spirotetramat and 800 times of 5% amino oligosaccharin at a new mature period of the medlar;

(5) Spraying 70% imidacloprid 8000 times liquid, 6% spinosad 1500 times liquid, 30% etoram/azocyclotin 2000 times liquid and 5% amino oligosaccharin 800 times liquid in the initial flowering period of the medlar;

(6) Spraying 6% spinosad 1500 times liquid, 70% imidacloprid 8000 times liquid, 2.5% deltamethrin 1500 times liquid and 5% amino oligosaccharin 800 times liquid in young fruit stage of Chinese wolfberry;

(7) Spraying 500 times of 80% sulfur and 800 times of 5% amino oligosaccharin in the mature period of the medlar stubble;

(8) After the fruits are harvested, 27% spirodiclofen 1000 times liquid and 70% thiophanate-methyl 800 times liquid are sprayed.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

1) The invention realizes that the wolfberry fruit detects zero pesticide residues according to national standards and European Union standards for the first time through a plurality of regional tests under different climatic conditions.

2) According to the invention, the acaricides such as spirodiclofen, pyridaben, abamectin, ethylmite, azocyclotin and the like are used for 2 times at most in each production period, so that the alternating medication is realized, the drug resistance of medlar goiter is reduced, the effective prevention and control are realized, and the possibility of residual generation is reduced. The invention mainly induces disease resistance to diseases, and the method of spraying mineral pesticides is used as an auxiliary method, so that the pesticide residue is completely avoided while controlling the diseases.

3) The invention realizes the full coverage of the occurrence period of the plant diseases and insect pests in the production of the medlar, and aims at the occurrence period of the plant diseases and insect pests in the production of the medlar, so that timely medication, targeted medication and preventive medication are realized, and the risk of unreasonable medication is reduced.

4) The invention pays attention to the occurrence rule of main diseases and insect pests of the medlar and takes account of the medlar fertility period. In the aspect of matrimony vine pest control, the application frequency of single pesticides is reduced, the alternate pesticide application is realized, the drug resistance of pests is effectively reduced, the control effect is ensured, and the possibility of residues is reduced. In the aspect of control of medlar diseases, a zero pesticide residue control scheme taking induced disease resistance as a main part and taking organomineral pesticides as an auxiliary part is realized. The wolfberry fruit produced by the invention realizes zero pesticide residue according to the current national standard and European Union standard.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 shows the effect of the method of example 1 on the number of insect population of wolfberry leaves.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the effect of the method of example 1 of the present invention on the pest rate of Lycium barbarum.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of application of the method of example 1 of the present invention on the rate of ripe fruit of Lycium barbarum.

FIG. 4 shows the effect of the method of example 1 of the present invention on the yield of individual Lycium barbarum plants.

FIG. 5 shows the effect of the method of example 1 of the present invention on the yield per mu and economic yield of Lycium barbarum.

Detailed Description

The following examples facilitate a better understanding of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the same. The experimental methods in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified. The test materials used in the examples described below are commercially available unless otherwise specified.

The production method of the wolfberry fruit with zero pesticide residue comprises the following steps:

1. the dormancy stage is mainly used for cleaning the garden, sulfur-containing mineral pesticides are used for cleaning the garden, the number of insect mouths and the flora density of overwintering are reduced integrally, and preparation work is carried out for producing medlar with zero pesticide residues.

2. The key time for preventing and controlling the medlar psyllids is before and after the germination period, and the basic quantity of medlar goiter mites can be reduced, and the control is mainly carried out by adopting a nicotine pesticide.

3. The new growth period is a key period for preventing and controlling medlar gall mites, aims to reduce the number of overwintering adult mites, simultaneously consolidates the prevention and control effect of medlar psyllids and prevents the influence of the cold in the spring on medlar plants, and mainly adopts a method of combining acaricides, nicotinic insecticides and plant resistance inducers for preventing and controlling.

4. The new mature period is a key period for preventing and controlling the medlar gall mites and a small amount of aphids, the medlar gall mites are mainly in the egg, if mite and larva period, and the medlar plants are continuously induced to strengthen the disease resistance, and the prevention and the control are mainly carried out by adopting a combination method of a tetronic acid acaricide and a plant resistance inducer.

5. The key point of the early flowering period is to prevent and treat medlar gall mites, aphids and fruit flies, the fruit flies start to spawn, thrips start to move, meanwhile, the temperature and the air humidity are increased, diseases start to appear, attention is paid to inducing plants to strengthen disease resistance, and a method of combining neonicotinoid insecticides, acaricides and plant inducers is mainly adopted for preventing and killing.

6. A plurality of insect pests are concurrent in the young fruit stage, mainly medlar goiter, thrips, fruit fly and aphid, and the fruit disease is reduced by inducing the fruit to strengthen the disease resistance, and the method of combining pyrethrin insecticide, macrolide insecticide, acaricide and plant resistance inducer is adopted for preventing and killing at the stage.

7. The insect damage of the first stubble fruits in the mature period is effectively controlled, and the prevention and control of the fungal bacterial diseases are mainly realized, and the stage is prevented by adopting a method of combining sulfur-containing bactericides and plant resistance inducers.

8. After the fruit is harvested, the pest and disease damage is increased because the insecticide and the bactericide are not applied during the harvesting period, the pest and disease damage is mainly goiter and the powdery mildew is mainly, and the combined method of acaricide and fungicide can be used for preventing and controlling.

The above steps are all performed once by spraying the medicine.

The plant diseases and insect pests facing the steps are different, so that the steps 1-8 are implemented together when the medlar is planted, and the effective control of the plant diseases and insect pests can be realized when the medlar is planted.

The method comprises the following steps:

1. winter garden cleaning of the medlar is generally carried out before germination of 11 months-3 months, and tree and garden spraying is carried out by using 3-5Be degrees of lime sulfur mixture or 500 times of sulfur preparation. The work of the garden cleaning is delicate, the number of insect mouths and the flora density of overwintering can be effectively reduced, and the preparation work is carried out for the production of medlar with zero pesticide residues.

2. The key time for preventing and controlling the wolfberry psyllids is before and after the germination period of the wolfberry in the middle and upper ten days of 3 months, and the wolfberry psyllids grow by sucking juice of the wolfberry branches, so that the growth of the wolfberry is greatly affected; meanwhile, the plant growth regulator has symbiotic relation with medlar goiter, can be used for preparing a base quantity which can be reduced by preventing and killing, and can be used for preventing and controlling by spraying 5% avermectin 3000-5000 times liquid and 30% thiamethoxam 1500-2000 times liquid.

3. The first ten days of 4 months are the new growth period of the Chinese wolfberry, are the key period for preventing and controlling the goiter mites of the Chinese wolfberry, aim at reducing the number of overwintering adult mites, and simultaneously consolidate the prevention and control effect of the wood louse of the Chinese wolfberry and prevent the influence of the cold of the spring to the Chinese wolfberry plants. In the period, 30% thiamethoxam 1500-2000 times liquid, 22.4% spirotetramat 4000-6000 times liquid and 5% amino-oligosaccharin 800-1000 times liquid are sprayed for prevention and control.

4. The middle and upper ten days of 5 months are new mature period of Chinese wolfberry, are key period for preventing and controlling Chinese wolfberry goiter and a small amount of aphids, are mainly in the periods of eggs, if mites and larvae, and need to continuously induce Chinese wolfberry plants to enhance disease resistance. In the period, 5% avermectin 3000-5000 times liquid, 6% pyridaben 800-1000 times liquid, 22.4% spirotetramat 4000-6000 times liquid and 5% amino oligosaccharin 800-1000 times liquid are sprayed for prevention and treatment.

5. The beginning of 5-6 months is the initial flowering period of medlar, and the key is to prevent medlar gall mites, aphids and fruit flies, the fruit flies start spawning, thrips start moving, the temperature and the air humidity are increased, diseases start to appear, and the disease resistance of plants needs to be enhanced by induction. In the period, 70% imidacloprid 7500-10000 times liquid, 6% spinosad 1500-2000 times liquid, 30% etop azocyclotin 2000-2500 times liquid and 5% amino oligosaccharin 800-1000 times liquid are sprayed for prevention and treatment.

6. In the middle ten days of 6 months, medlar young fruit period is complicated with various insect pests, mainly medlar goiter, thrips, fruit fly and aphid, and meanwhile, in order to reduce fruit diseases, the fruits are required to be induced to enhance disease resistance. In the period, 6% spinosad 1500-2000 times liquid, 70% imidacloprid 7500-10000 times liquid, 2.5% deltamethrin 1500-2000 times liquid and 5% amino oligosaccharin 800-1000 times liquid are sprayed for prevention and treatment.

7. The first 7 months is the mature period of the first stubble of the medlar, and mainly aims at preventing and treating fungal bacterial diseases. In the period, 80% of sulfur 500-1000 times liquid and 5% of amino-oligosaccharin 800-1000 times liquid are sprayed for prevention and treatment.

8. After the fruits are harvested, the pest and disease damage is increased, the pest and disease damage is mainly goiter and the disease damage is mainly powdery mildew because no pesticide and bactericide are applied during the harvesting period. At this time, 27% spirodiclofen 1000-1500 times liquid and 70% thiophanate-methyl 800-1000 times liquid can be sprayed for prevention and treatment.

The above steps are all performed once.

In the method, in the steps 3-7, 5% of amino-oligosaccharin is used, the amino-oligosaccharin is a chitosan-oligosaccharide-type plant-induced disease-resistant agent, has a good control effect on medlar diseases, and does not generate pesticide residues after application.

Example 1

1. winter garden cleaning of the medlar is carried out in 11 months, and 5Be degrees lime sulphur is used for spraying the trees and the garden. The work is delicate, the number of the overwintering insect mouths and the flora density can be effectively reduced, and the preparation work is carried out for the production of the medlar with zero pesticide residues.

2. The key time for preventing and controlling the wolfberry psyllids is before and after the germination period of the wolfberry in the middle and upper ten days of 3 months, and the wolfberry psyllids grow by sucking juice of the wolfberry branches, so that the growth of the wolfberry is greatly affected; meanwhile, the plant growth regulator has symbiotic relation with medlar goiter, can be used for preparing a base quantity which can be reduced in prevention and removal, and can be used for preventing and curing by spraying 4000 times of 5% avermectin and 1500 times of 30% thiamethoxam.

3. The first ten days of 4 months are the new growth period of the Chinese wolfberry, are the key period for preventing and controlling the goiter mites of the Chinese wolfberry, aim at reducing the number of overwintering adult mites, and simultaneously consolidate the prevention and control effect of the wood louse of the Chinese wolfberry and prevent the influence of the cold of the spring to the Chinese wolfberry plants. In the period, 30% thiamethoxam 1500 times liquid, 22.4% spirotetramat 5000 times liquid and 5% amino-oligosaccharin 800 times liquid are sprayed for prevention and treatment.

4. The middle and upper ten days of 5 months are new mature period of Chinese wolfberry, are key period for preventing and controlling Chinese wolfberry goiter and a small amount of aphids, are mainly in the periods of eggs, if mites and larvae, and need to continuously induce Chinese wolfberry plants to enhance disease resistance. In the period, 5% avermectin 4000 times liquid, 6% pyridaben 800 times liquid, 22.4% spirotetramat 5000 times liquid and 5% amino-oligosaccharin 800 times liquid are sprayed for prevention and treatment.

5. The beginning of 5-6 months is the initial flowering period of medlar, and the key is that medlar gall mites, aphids and fruit flies are prevented and treated, the fruit flies start to spawn, thrips start to move, meanwhile, the temperature and the air humidity are increased, diseases start to appear, and the disease resistance of plants needs to be enhanced by induction. In the period, 70% imidacloprid 8000-fold liquid, 6% spinosad 1500-fold liquid, 30% etoram azocyclotin 2000-fold liquid and 5% amino oligosaccharin 800-fold liquid are sprayed for prevention and treatment.

6. In the middle ten days of 6 months, medlar young fruit period is complicated with various insect pests, mainly medlar goiter, thrips, fruit fly and aphid, and meanwhile, in order to reduce fruit diseases, the fruits are required to be induced to enhance disease resistance. In the period, 6% spinosad 1500 times liquid, 70% imidacloprid 8000 times liquid, 2.5% deltamethrin 1500 times liquid and 5% amino oligosaccharin 800 times liquid are sprayed for prevention and treatment.

7. The first 7 months is the mature period of the first stubble of the medlar, and mainly aims at preventing and treating fungal bacterial diseases. In the period, 80% of sulfur 500-time liquid and 5% of amino-oligosaccharin 800-time liquid are sprayed for prevention and treatment.

8. After the fruits are harvested, the pest and disease damage is increased, the pest and disease damage is mainly goiter and the disease damage is mainly powdery mildew because no pesticide and bactericide are applied during the harvesting period. At this time, 27% spirodiclofen 1000 times liquid and 70% thiophanate-methyl 800 times liquid can be sprayed for prevention and treatment.

The above steps are all performed once.

Application examples

The inventor carries out production comparison experiments of medlar in a base 1 (Gulang county, gansu province, wu Wei city, jing county, qing Yuan county, gansu province) and a base 3 (Jiulong county, gansu province, jiulong county, shuangzhen) respectively, and the experiment groups are carried out according to the method of the embodiment 1 of the invention and the control groups are carried out according to the control method of medlar diseases and insect pests of local common farmers. The rest conditions of the experimental group and the control group are the same (including tree age, variety, tree management, water, fertilizer and soil management and the like). The experimental data statistics method and experimental results are as follows:

1. the data statistics method comprises the following steps:

1. the leaf pest investigation is based on goiter

The investigation method is that 30 plants are selected for drug application, and 10 plants are selected for investigation in comparison. 1 branch is randomly extracted from each plant in 4 directions of east, west, south and north, and the number of insect mouths within the range of 30cm of the top tip of each branch is investigated and recorded. The investigation time was 7 months 10 days, 7 months 17 days, 7 months 24 days, and 7 months 31 days, as the case may be.

2. Investigation of green fruit insect pest mainly by goiter

The investigation method is to apply the medicine to select 5 strains, and to investigate the contrast to select 5 strains. 1 branch is randomly extracted from each plant in 4 directions of east, west, south and north, and the total number of green fruits on each branch and the number of green fruits affected by goiter mites are investigated and recorded. The investigation time was 7 months 10 days, 7 months 17 days, 7 months 24 days, 7 months 31 days. Green fruit pest rate (%) = number of affected green fruits/total number of green fruits 100%.

3. Mature fruit insect pest investigation, mainly goiter mite

The investigation method is to select 30 plants for pesticide spraying and to investigate by controlling 10 plants. All mature fruits are picked according to the strain, the total weight of the mature fruits is weighed, and the fruits affected by the goiter are selected and weighed. The investigation time was 7 months 10 days, 7 months 17 days, 7 months 24 days, 7 months 31 days. Mature fruit pest rate (%) = affected fruit weight/mature fruit total weight x 100%.

4. Average individual yield

The investigation method is that 30 plants are selected for drug application, and 10 plants are selected for investigation in comparison. Fruits produced by each crop of Lycium barbarum were measured, and only the first 4 batches were measured. Note that the stem was removed during the measurement to the nearest 0.01g.

5. Acre yield and economic yield

Acre yield (kg) =sum of the first 4 individual plant yields×2×222/1000.2 is the annual yield of the converted single plant, and 222 is 222 plants per mu. Economic yield (kg) =sum of the first 4 intact fruit yields x 2 x 222/1000. The per mu yield is accurate to 0.01kg.

6. Pesticide residue detection (with detection report)

The sample 100g was selected by the cross-shaped method, and sent to European analysis technical service (Suzhou) limited company, and 587 pesticide residues were detected according to the current standard of European Union export. And then the pesticide residues are counted.

Wherein, the picking time of the first Chinese wolfberry is 7 months 10 days, the picking time of the second Chinese wolfberry is 7 months 17 days, the picking time of the third Chinese wolfberry is 7 months 24 days, and the picking time of the fourth Chinese wolfberry is 7 months 31 days.

2. The experimental results are as follows:

after the method is used for controlling, medlar psyllids, thrips and aphid pests are basically absent, so that relevant specific statistical data are absent.

1. The method of the invention has the effect on the number of the insect mouths of the medlar leaves

FIG. 1 shows the effect of the method of example 1 on the number of insect population of wolfberry leaves. In FIGS. 1-5, the method of embodiment 1 of the present invention is applied as a Patent; the Control of the plant diseases and insect pests of the ordinary farmers is Control, which refers to the Control of the plant diseases and insect pests of the ordinary farmers in the comparative example.

As can be seen from the data of fig. 1, the number of the medlar gall mites applied by the method is lower than that of the common farmers in the statistical time by measuring and counting the number of the medlar leaf gall mites in 7 months and 10-31 days. At day 7 months 10, leaf insect gall numbers were lower than control 83.42%; at day 7 months 17, leaf insect gall numbers were lower than control 72.43%; at 24 days 7 months, leaf insect gall numbers were lower than control 79.71%; at 31 days 7 months, leaf insect gall numbers were lower than control 77.86%; all reach a very significant level. Therefore, the method of the invention basically controls the occurrence of medlar gall mites, and has stable control effect.

2. The influence of the application of the method on the pest rate of the medlar green fruits

As can be seen from the data of FIG. 2, the pest rates of the wolfberry fruits applied by the method of the embodiment 1 of the invention are lower than the pest control of common farmers in the statistical time through the statistics and analysis of the pest rates of the wolfberry fruits on days 7, 10 and 31. At 7 months and 10 days, the pest rate of the medlar green fruit is lower than that of the control 83.42%; on day 7 and 17, the pest rate of the wolfberry fruits is lower than that of the control 72.43%; at 24 days of 7 months, the pest rate of the medlar green fruit is lower than that of a control 79.71%; at 31 days of 7 months, the pest rate of the medlar green fruit is lower than that of a control 77.86%; all reach a very significant level. Therefore, the method of the invention basically controls the occurrence of the medlar green fruit insect pest, and has stable control effect.

3. The influence of the application of the method on the pest rate of mature fruits of medlar

From the data in fig. 3, it can be seen that, by statistics and analysis of the mature fruit and pest rates of the first-4 th medlar, the mature fruit and pest rates of medlar applied by the method of the embodiment 1 of the invention are lower than the disease and pest control of common farmers in the statistical time, and the mature fruit and pest rates of the control group and the application group of medlar applied by the method of the invention show a decreasing trend. The pest rate of the mature fruits of the first-crop medlar is 9.29 percent and is lower than 88.02 percent of control; the pest rate of the mature fruit of the medlar of the 2 nd crop is 4.99 percent and is lower than the control 90.54 percent; the pest rate of the mature fruit of the medlar of the 3 rd crop is 2.49 percent and is lower than 81.48 percent of the control; the pest rate of the mature fruits of the medlar of the 4 th crop is 5.05 percent and is lower than the control 75.21 percent; all reach a very significant level. Therefore, the pesticide application method of the invention basically controls the occurrence of mature fruit insect pests of the medlar, and the prevention effect is stable during the harvesting period; and naturally occurring numbers of medlar goiter and fruit fly gradually decrease with the passage of time and the rise of temperature.

4. The method of the invention has the effect on the single plant yield of the medlar

From the data in FIG. 4, it was found that mature fruits were collected as individual pairs on days 7, 10, 17, 24 and 31, respectively, and the individual yield was measured. The detection result shows that: the method of the embodiment 1 of the invention obviously improves the single plant yield of fruits, and the period of 24 months is the mature peak period of the present year; the average single plant yield of the 1 st crop is 47.80g (10 days of 7 months), which is improved by 48.8 percent compared with the control, the average single plant yield of the 2 nd crop is 204.02g (17 days of 7 months), which is improved by 159.88 percent compared with the control, the average single plant yield of the 3 rd crop is 258.85g (24 days of 7 months), which is improved by 111.59 percent compared with the control, the average single plant yield of the 4 th crop is 116.01g (31 days of 7 months), which is improved by 296.44 percent compared with the control, and the obvious level is presented. The method can well control diseases and insect pests of the medlar, ensure the output of fruits to the greatest extent and improve the single plant output of the fruits.

5. The method of the invention has the influence on the acre yield and the economic yield of the medlar

From the data in fig. 5, it can be seen that by measuring and counting the acre yield and economic yield of the medlar: the average acre yield of the pesticide application method is 278.25 kg/acre, the average acre yield of the pesticide application method is 116.24 kg/acre, and the pesticide application method improves 139.00% of the acre yield of the pesticide application method compared with the comparison acre yield; the economic yield of the method is 266.58 kg/mu, the control economic yield is 78.37 kg/mu, and the method improves 240.17% of the control economic yield. The method of the embodiment 1 of the invention can obviously improve the acre yield and the economic yield of fresh fruits of medlar, can particularly obviously reduce the proportion of defective fruits in the fruits, and improves the economic benefit for farmers as high as possible.

6. The pesticide residue of dried wolfberry fruits after the pesticide application of the method

The analysis results of the pesticide residues of the dried wolfberry fruits after the application of the method in the embodiment 1 are shown in the table 1.

TABLE 1 analysis of pesticide residue on dried Lycium barbarum fruit after application by different methods

Table 1 shows the results of mixing dry fruits and the like in weight at each test site, selecting 100g of a sample for inspection according to a cross-shaped distinction method, sending the sample to the company limited by the european analytical technique service (su zhou), and detecting 587 kinds of pesticide residues according to the current standard of the export european union. The detection result shows that the pesticide residue of the application scheme of the method does not exceed the current pesticide residue limit of the European Union. In the patent application experiments performed in base 1, base 2 and base 3, no pesticide residue was detected in the dried fruits. In the comparative example application of base 1, 7 pesticide residues were detected, of which 3 pesticides exceeded the european union limit, total amitraz, pyriproxyfen and dinotefuran, respectively. In the comparative example application of the base 2, 14 pesticide residues were detected, of which 4 pesticides exceeded the european union limit; in the comparative example application at base 3, 8 pesticide residues were detected, of which 1 pesticide exceeded the european union limit. The data prove that the scheme of the method for applying the pesticide can effectively control diseases and insect pests of the medlar on the basis of not reducing the economic value of the medlar, reduces the problem of pesticide residues puzzling the medlar industry, has high practical value, and can be popularized and applied in production practice.

Example 2

1. winter garden cleaning of the medlar is carried out before 2 months medlar sprouting, and 500 times of sulfur preparation is used for tree body and garden spraying. The work is delicate, the number of the overwintering insect mouths and the flora density can be effectively reduced, and the preparation work is carried out for the production of the medlar with zero pesticide residues.

2. The key time for preventing and controlling the wolfberry psyllids is before and after the germination period of the wolfberry in the middle and upper ten days of 3 months, and the wolfberry psyllids grow by sucking juice of the wolfberry branches, so that the growth of the wolfberry is greatly affected; meanwhile, the plant growth regulator has symbiotic relation with medlar goiter, can be used for preparing a base quantity which can be reduced in prevention and removal, and can be used for preventing and curing by spraying 3000 times of 5% avermectin and 1800 times of 30% thiamethoxam.

3. The first ten days of 4 months are the new growth period of the Chinese wolfberry, are the key period for preventing and controlling the goiter mites of the Chinese wolfberry, aim at reducing the number of overwintering adult mites, and simultaneously consolidate the prevention and control effect of the wood louse of the Chinese wolfberry and prevent the influence of the cold of the spring to the Chinese wolfberry plants. In the period, 30% thiamethoxam 1800 times liquid, 22.4% spirotetramat 4000 times liquid and 5% amino-oligosaccharin 900 times liquid are sprayed for prevention and control.

4. The middle and upper ten days of 5 months are new mature period of Chinese wolfberry, are key period for preventing and controlling Chinese wolfberry goiter and a small amount of aphids, are mainly in the periods of eggs, if mites and larvae, and need to continuously induce Chinese wolfberry plants to enhance disease resistance. In the period, 5% avermectin 5000-fold liquid, 6% pyridaben 1000-fold liquid, 22.4% spirotetramat 4000-fold liquid and 5% amino-oligosaccharin 900-fold liquid are sprayed for prevention and treatment.

5. The beginning of 5-6 months is the initial flowering period of medlar, and the key is that medlar gall mites, aphids and fruit flies are prevented and treated, the fruit flies start to spawn, thrips start to move, meanwhile, the temperature and the air humidity are increased, diseases start to appear, and the disease resistance of plants needs to be enhanced by induction. In the period, 70% imidacloprid 7500 times liquid, 6% spinosad 1800 times liquid, 30% etoram azocyclotin 2200 times liquid and 5% amino oligosaccharin 900 times liquid are sprayed for control.

6. In the middle ten days of 6 months, medlar young fruit period is complicated with various insect pests, mainly medlar goiter, thrips, fruit fly and aphid, and meanwhile, in order to reduce fruit diseases, the fruits are required to be induced to enhance disease resistance. In the period, 6% spinosad 1800 times liquid, 70% imidacloprid 7500 times liquid, 2.5% deltamethrin 1700 times liquid and 5% amino oligosaccharin 1000 times liquid are sprayed for prevention and treatment.

7. The first 7 months is the mature period of the first stubble of the medlar, and mainly aims at preventing and treating fungal bacterial diseases. In the period, 80% of sulfur 700 times liquid and 5% of amino-oligosaccharin 900 times liquid are sprayed for prevention and treatment.

8. After the fruits are harvested, the pest and disease damage is increased, the pest and disease damage is mainly goiter and the disease damage is mainly powdery mildew because no pesticide and bactericide are applied during the harvesting period. At the moment, 27% spirodiclofen 1200 times liquid and 70% thiophanate-methyl 1000 times liquid can be sprayed for prevention and treatment.

The above steps are all performed once.

Example 3

1. the winter garden cleaning work of the medlar is carried out in 12 months, and 500 times of sulfur preparations are used for spraying the trees and the garden. The work is delicate, the number of the overwintering insect mouths and the flora density can be effectively reduced, and the preparation work is carried out for the production of the medlar with zero pesticide residues.

2. The key time for preventing and controlling the wolfberry psyllids is before and after the germination period of the wolfberry in the middle and upper ten days of 3 months, and the wolfberry psyllids grow by sucking juice of the wolfberry branches, so that the growth of the wolfberry is greatly affected; meanwhile, the plant growth regulator has symbiotic relation with medlar goiter, can be used for preparing a base quantity which can be reduced in prevention and removal, and can be used for preventing and curing by spraying 5% of avermectin 5000-time liquid and 30% of thiamethoxam 2000-time liquid.

3. The first ten days of 4 months are the new growth period of the Chinese wolfberry, are the key period for preventing and controlling the goiter mites of the Chinese wolfberry, aim at reducing the number of overwintering adult mites, and simultaneously consolidate the prevention and control effect of the wood louse of the Chinese wolfberry and prevent the influence of the cold of the spring to the Chinese wolfberry plants. In the period, 30% thiamethoxam 2000-fold liquid, 22.4% spirotetramat 6000-fold liquid and 5% amino-oligosaccharin 1000-fold liquid are sprayed for prevention and treatment.

4. The middle and upper ten days of 5 months are new mature period of Chinese wolfberry, are key period for preventing and controlling Chinese wolfberry goiter and a small amount of aphids, are mainly in the periods of eggs, if mites and larvae, and need to continuously induce Chinese wolfberry plants to enhance disease resistance. In the period, 5% avermectin 3000 times liquid, 6% pyridaben 900 times liquid, 22.4% spirotetramat 6000 times liquid and 5% amino oligosaccharin 1000 times liquid are sprayed for prevention and treatment.

5. The beginning of 5-6 months is the initial flowering period of medlar, and the key is that medlar gall mites, aphids and fruit flies are prevented and treated, the fruit flies start to spawn, thrips start to move, meanwhile, the temperature and the air humidity are increased, diseases start to appear, and the disease resistance of plants needs to be enhanced by induction. In the period, the control is carried out by spraying 70% imidacloprid 10000 times liquid, 6% spinosad 2000 times liquid, 30% etop azocyclotin 2500 times liquid and 5% amino oligosaccharin 1000 times liquid.

6. In the middle ten days of 6 months, medlar young fruit period is complicated with various insect pests, mainly medlar goiter, thrips, fruit fly and aphid, and meanwhile, in order to reduce fruit diseases, the fruits are required to be induced to enhance disease resistance. In the period, 6% spinosad 2000-fold liquid, 70% imidacloprid 10000-fold liquid, 2.5% deltamethrin 2000-fold liquid and 5% amino oligosaccharin 900-fold liquid are sprayed for prevention and treatment.

7. The first 7 months is the mature period of the first stubble of the medlar, and mainly aims at preventing and treating fungal bacterial diseases. In the period, 80% of sulfur 1000-fold liquid and 5% of amino-oligosaccharin 1000-fold liquid are sprayed for prevention and treatment.

8. After the fruits are harvested, the pest and disease damage is increased, the pest and disease damage is mainly goiter and the disease damage is mainly powdery mildew because no pesticide and bactericide are applied during the harvesting period. At the moment, 27% of spirodiclofen 1500 times liquid and 70% of thiophanate-methyl 900 times liquid can be sprayed for prevention and treatment.

The above steps are all performed once.

Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A production method of wolfberry fruit with zero pesticide residue is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

(3) Spraying 30% thiamethoxam 1500-2000 times liquid +22.4% spirotetramat 4000-6000 times liquid +5% amino oligosaccharin 800-1000 times liquid in the growth period of new tip of Chinese wolfberry;

(4) Spraying 5% avermectin 3000-5000 times liquid, 6% pyridaben 800-1000 times liquid, 22.4% spirotetramat 4000-6000 times liquid and 5% amino oligosaccharin 800-1000 times liquid in the mature period of young tip of Chinese wolfberry;

(8) After fruit harvesting is completed, spraying 27% spirodiclofen 1000-1500 times liquid and 70% thiophanate-methyl 800-1000 times liquid;

the above steps are all carried out by spraying the medicine once, and insecticide and bactericide are not applied during the picking period of the medlar fruits.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

(3) Spraying 1500 times of 30% thiamethoxam, 5000 times of 22.4% spirotetramat and 800 times of 5% amino oligosaccharin in the growth period of young shoots of the Chinese wolfberry;

(4) Spraying 4000 times liquid of 5% avermectin, 800 times liquid of 6% pyridaben, 5000 times liquid of 22.4% spirotetramat and 800 times liquid of 5% amino oligosaccharin in the mature period of the young tip of the medlar;