CN115487171A - 一种透明质酸-异甘草素偶联物、溶解型微针贴及制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种透明质酸-异甘草素偶联物、溶解型微针贴及制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN115487171A CN115487171A CN202211407707.5A CN202211407707A CN115487171A CN 115487171 A CN115487171 A CN 115487171A CN 202211407707 A CN202211407707 A CN 202211407707A CN 115487171 A CN115487171 A CN 115487171A
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- isoliquiritigenin
- hyaluronic acid
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- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
本发明属于高分子化学领域,涉及药物制剂,特别是指一种透明质酸‑异甘草素偶联物、溶解型微针贴及制备方法和应用。(1)负载异甘草素的透明质酸大分子长链的合成。(2)透明质酸‑异甘草素偶联物在水溶液中自组装包裹形成纳米粒。(3)该偶联物具有一定的抗肿瘤活性,可以抑制小鼠黑色素瘤B16细胞的增殖和迁移。(4)本发明使用具有药理活性的透明质酸‑异甘草素纳米粒作为溶解型微针针体的基质材料。本发明使用透明质酸‑异甘草素制备的微针可装载其他具有抗肿瘤作用的药物,不仅可以增加肿瘤部位的药物含量,减少药物对正常组织的副作用,更能起多重抗肿瘤的效果,显著提高药物对皮肤黑色素瘤的治疗效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于高分子化学领域,涉及药物制剂,特别是指一种透明质酸-异甘草素偶联物、溶解型微针贴及制备方法和应用。
背景技术
皮肤黑色素瘤(CM)是一种致死性较高的恶性皮肤肿瘤,在过去的二十多年里,皮肤黑色素瘤的患病率处于明显的上升趋势。其起病隐匿、发展迅速、易全身转移、预后差且长期生存率低。常规治疗方法如手术、放化疗和免疫治疗等均难以实现有效治疗。对于CM的治疗,亟需探索在有效消除原发性肿瘤的同时亦能抑制其扩散和转移的新策略和新方法。
透明质酸(HA)是细胞外基质的主要成分也是溶解型微针常用的材料之一,其在人体内与靶标蛋白结合后可以参与很多疾病的发生发展。CD44(cluster ofdifferentiation 44)作为细胞表面的一类跨膜糖蛋白,是HA最重要的受体之一。此外,CD44在皮肤黑色素瘤细胞表面高度表达,故可对HA进行改造既保留其靶向功能又使其具有一定的抗肿瘤活性。
异甘草素(ISL)是一种黄酮类化合物,通过抑制肿瘤分裂和花生四烯酸代谢酶,促进肿瘤细胞凋亡、自噬和活性氧的产生,抑制肿瘤新生血管生成等发挥多机制的抗肿瘤作用。ISL两个六元环之间通过三碳原子连接,旋转自由度较大,与受体的诱导契合空间位阻小。但ISL水溶性差,降解快,生物利用度低。专利申请201610340875.5中公开了一种甘草酸基因递送纳米颗粒及其制备方法和应用,提供了一种可以递送至甘草酸基因的纳米粒,该纳米颗粒的直径为20~65nm,该申请主要是解决基因转染中递送体系需要靠正电性转染材料去递送的技术问题,提供了一种易于获得FDA批准的递送体系。但是该递送系统用于基因治疗领域,针对于恶性程度很高,转移性和侵袭性极强的皮肤黑色素瘤来说,则需要既可以杀死肿瘤细胞又能抑制其转移的途径来实现更有效的治疗。
微针(Mcironeedles, MNs)是由微米级别整齐排列的针体和被衬层组成的新型给药系统,具有传统经皮给药和注射给药的双重优点。相较于传统经皮给药,微针可以穿破皮肤角质层,促进小分子亲水性药物、大分子生物药物等的透皮吸收。相较于注射给药,微针不伤害血管和痛觉神经,可由患者自主给药,具有更高的安全性和顺应性。溶解型微针采用生物可降解材料,进入皮肤后完全溶解,具有较好的生物相容性。采用溶解型微针携带抗肿瘤药物可以将药物直接递送进肿瘤组织内部更好的发挥治疗作用,且不经过血液循环可以减少药物对正常机体的副作用。但目前所研发的溶解型微针本身均无药理活性,仅作为递送系统将药物透皮递送进入人体。如何利用微针的优势制备既有微针的效果,本身具有抗肿瘤活性同时又可以装载其他抗肿瘤药物,实现联合治疗、多重治疗是本申请要解决的技术问题。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题,本申请公开了一种透明质酸-异甘草素偶联物、溶解型微针贴及制备方法和应用。将含有药理活性的透明质酸-异甘草素纳米粒作为溶解型微针的针体材料,制备了具有药理活性的纳米微针。并且该微针可装载其他抗黑色素瘤的药物,发挥多重抗肿瘤效果。
本发明的技术方案是这样实现的:
一种透明质酸-异甘草素偶联物(HA-ISL),其具有如下结构式:
本发明所述的HA-ISL在水溶液中可自组装形成纳米粒,纳米粒的平均粒径为220nm,有利于其在黑色素瘤细胞中的富集和渗透。
本发明所述的HA-ISL所使用的HA分子量在3000Da~300kDa之间。
优选的,所述的HA-ISL所使用的分子量<10kDa,因为该范围内的HA对CD44具有更高的亲和力,且具有一定的抗肿瘤活性。
上述的HA-ISL的制备方法,技术路线为:
包括下列步骤:
(1)将1gHA溶于第一溶剂中,加入0.2~1g的4-(4,6-二甲氧基三嗪)-4-甲基吗啉盐酸盐(DMTMM)或1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐(EDC)、4-二甲氨基吡啶(DMAP)对其进活化;
(2)避光条件下将0.2~1g的ISL溶于第二溶剂中,缓慢滴加于步骤(1)所得溶液中;
(3)在避光和氮气保护条件下控温(0-25℃)反应8~48h。
优选的,所述的第一溶剂为水、水和二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)混合溶液、水和甲醇混合溶液中的一种。
优选的,所述的第二溶剂为DMF和甲醇中的一种。
进一步的,第一溶剂使用水和DMF混合溶液时,第二溶剂为DMF。
进一步的,羧基活化剂选择EDC,优选的缩合剂使用DMAP。
上述HA-ISL的制备方法中HA:ISL=1:0.2~1。
优选的质量比为1:0.6。
步骤(3)优选反应条件为温度先保持在0℃1h,然后室温继续反应12h。
本发明的另一发明点在于将上述制备的HA-ISL制备成溶解型微针。
所制备的溶解型微针针体材料为合成的HA-ISL,溶液浓度为0.04~0.8g/mL。
优选的,浓度为0.8g/mL。
优选的,真空排气时间是15 min,离心时间是10 min。
本发明具有以下有益效果:
1.发明通过酯键将HA和ISL进行偶联,设计并合成了HA-ISL。该偶联物在水溶液中可自组装形成平均粒径为220 nm的纳米粒,有利于其在黑色素瘤细胞中的富集和渗透。
2.该纳米粒可靶向到皮肤黑色素瘤细胞CD44,具有抑制皮肤黑色素瘤转移和侵袭的能力。同时还解决了ISL在体内水溶性差、降解快、生物利用度低的问题。
3.该偶联物可作为溶解型微针针体基质材料,既可刺破皮肤直接进入肿瘤内,又可靶向到肿瘤细胞CD44。
4.本发明第一次使用具有药理作用且具有靶向作用的基质材料制备溶解型微针。
5.本发明第一次使用纳米粒作为微针针体的基质材料制备纳米微针。
6.该微针可装载其他具有抗肿瘤效果的药物,不仅起到了联合治疗的目的,更增大了肿瘤部位的给药量,减少药物对机体正常组织的副作用。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是HA、ISL、HA-ISL的FTIR图谱。
图2是HA-ISL的1H-NMR图谱表征。
图3是HA、ISL、HA-ISL对B16细胞迁移的影响。
图4是HA-ISL微针光学显微镜图。
图5是HA-ISL微针对猪皮肤的刺入能力。
图6是HA-ISL微针的溶解性能。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例,对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有付出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
本申请所用的材料、试剂等,如无特殊说明,均可从商业途径得到。其中透明质酸的分子量在3000Da~300kDa之间。
实施例1
本实施例的HA-ISL制备方法如下:
取1gHA溶于50ml的水/甲醇的混合溶液中,搅拌使其充分溶解。加入1g的DMTMM活化后。避光条件下将0.6g的ISL溶于10ml甲醇溶液中,并在氮气保护下缓慢加入HA溶液中,反应8h。反应结束后,将上述反应后的溶液置于透析袋中,透析除去小分子化合物。透析结束后用滤膜过滤,冷冻干燥后得到HA-ISL。
实施例2
本实施例的HA-ISL制备方法如下:
取1gHA溶于30ml的水/DMF的混合溶液中,0℃搅拌至其充分溶解,然后加入0.8g的EDC,0.6g的DMAP活化透明质酸羧基。避光条件下取0.6g的ISL溶于10ml的DMF中,0℃及氮气保护条件下将其缓慢滴加于上述HA溶液中。冰水浴条件下反应1h后,室温继续反应12h,结束反应。将上述反应后的溶液置于透析袋中,透析除去小分子化合物。透析结束后用滤膜过滤,冷冻干燥得HA-ISL。
经核磁共振氢谱1H-NMR和红外FT-IR对其结构进行鉴定如图1、图2所示。1H NMR(400 MHz, DMSO) δ 8.15 (d, J = 6.1 Hz, 1H), 7.65 (t, J = 6.8 Hz, 1H), 7.61(d, J = 8.0 Hz, 2H), 7.19 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, 2H), 6.77 (dd, J = 15.7, 7.2 Hz,1H), 6.53 (d, J = 9.3 Hz, 1H), 6.36 (d, J = 21.9 Hz, 1H), 4.48 (s, 24H), 1.99– 1.27 (m, 36H).
产品HA、ISL、HA-ISL的FTIR图谱如图1所示,由图HA-ISL的红外吸收光谱中,在1735cm-1处看到酯键特征吸收峰,证明有酯键的合成。且在3000 cm-1处可以看到芳氢的伸缩震动吸收峰,1561.26cm-1和1652.17cm-1处看到芳环的骨架振动吸收峰,在454cm-1处看到苯环C=C面外弯曲震动吸收峰证明有ISL的引入。可证明HA-ISL的合成。图2为HA-ISL的1H-NMR图谱表征,由图可知酰基—OCCH3 上 H的化学位移在1.72ppm,4.48ppm处为HA糖环上亚甲基的特征峰。C=C双键的化学位移为7.65ppm和8.15ppm,此外6.77ppm、6.53ppm、6.36ppm均为苯环上H的特征峰。
实施例3
本实施例的HA-ISL制备方法如下:
取1g HA溶于200ml的水/DMF中,搅拌使其充分溶解。加入1g的DMAP和EDC活化后。避光条件下将0.2g的ISL溶于10 ml的DMF溶液中,并在氮气保护下缓慢加入HA溶液中,反应8h。反应结束后,将上述反应后的溶液置于透析袋中,透析除去小分子化合物。透析结束后用滤膜过滤,冷冻干燥后得到HA-ISL。
实施例4
本实施例的HA-ISL制备方法如下:
取1g HA溶于200ml的水/甲醇的混合溶液中,搅拌使其充分溶解。加入0.2g的DMTMM活化后。避光条件下将1 g的ISL溶于10 ml甲醇溶液中,并在氮气保护下缓慢加入HA溶液中,反应48h。反应结束后,将上述反应后的溶液置于透析袋中,透析除去小分子化合物。透析结束后用滤膜过滤,冷冻干燥后得到HA-ISL。
应用例1
以实施例1和2所制备的HA-ISL的为原料,取适量HA-ISL于水中,使其自组装形成纳米粒。测定其平均粒径为220nm,电位在-22mv左右。
HA-ISL体外抗肿瘤实验
以实施例1和2所制备的HA-ISL的为原料,通过细胞划痕实验考察HA-ISL对小鼠黑色素瘤B16细胞迁移的抑制作用。
取对数生长期的小鼠黑色素瘤B16细胞,按每孔80 w个接种于6孔板中。在细胞培养箱中贴壁培养24h后,用200 μL移液器枪头在皿底垂直划痕。PBS溶液洗去脱落的细胞后,设置空白组、HA组、ISL组、HA-ISL组,其中空白组加3mL含1%血清的培养基,给药组为加有相应药物浓度的含1%血清的培养基,然后在培养箱中培养。分别于划痕0h、12 h、24 h后在显微镜下测量划痕宽度并拍照,计算细胞迁移率。
结果如图3所示,可知体外培养条件下,HA-ISL可以抑制B16细胞迁移。且HA-ISL组对细胞迁移率的抑制程度大于ISL组,证明了合成的HA-ISL具有更高的抗肿瘤活性。抗肿瘤功能增强的原因可能与ISL与HA结合后具有一定的靶向能力,且在水溶液中自组装形成纳米粒后,增大了在肿瘤细胞内的渗透和富集,延长了在细胞内的作用时间等有关。
应用例2
溶解型微针的制备:
以实施例1和2所制备的HA-ISL的为原料,配置400mg/mL、600mg/mL、800mg/mL HA-ISL水溶液,超声除去气泡,做微针针体浇筑液备用。配置微针被衬层浇筑液备用。
微针的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)在微针模具上加入100μLHA-ISL溶液,真空排气15min,排除模具中的气泡,并在重力作用下使浇筑液进入模具。然后回收多余浇筑液,离心10min使HA-ISL溶液完全进入模具。
(2)加入被衬层浇筑液1mL,离心10min后,40℃干燥过夜,脱模得到HA-ISL溶解型微针,如图4所示。
实施效果例1:猪皮刺入实验
在应用例2的基础上,将新鲜猪皮擦干表面水分后置于水平桌面上,取制备好的微针,按压进入猪皮30s后拔出。对微针扎入后的猪皮进行拍照即得图5,证明制备的微针具有一定的皮肤穿刺能力,可以成功扎入猪皮。
实施效果例2:微针溶解实验
在应用例2的基础上,称取琼脂糖于锥形瓶中,加入超纯水搅拌均匀后配置为质量比为3%的溶液。加热煮沸,超声排除多余的气泡后倒入培养皿中,冷却后形成琼脂糖凝胶。将制备的微针切成5×5的阵列后,插入上述制备的琼脂糖凝胶后,每1min后拔出并拍照观察微针溶解情况。由图6结果可以看出制备的微针在5min内可完全溶解。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
2.根据权利要求1所述的透明质酸-异甘草素偶联物,其特征在于:所述透明质酸的分子量为3000Da~300kDa;透明质酸-异甘草素偶联物的接枝率在2~15%之间。
3.权利要求1或2的透明质酸-异甘草素偶联物的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤如下:
(1)将透明质酸溶于第一溶剂中,加入羧基活化剂和缩合剂进行活化反应;
(2)避光条件下将异甘草素溶于第二溶剂中,然后缓慢滴加于步骤(1)所得的溶液中,进行缩合反应,透析,冻干后得到透明质酸-异甘草素偶联物。
4.根据权利要求3所述的透明质酸-异甘草素偶联物的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(1)中第一溶剂为水、水和二甲基甲酰胺的混合溶液或水和甲醇的混合溶液中的任一种;步骤(2)中第二溶剂为DMF或甲醇。
5.根据权利要求4所述的透明质酸-异甘草素偶联物的制备方法,其特征在于:所述羧基活化剂为4-(4,6-二甲氧基三嗪)-4-甲基吗啉盐酸盐和/或1-乙基-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺盐酸盐;缩合剂为4-二甲氨基吡啶。
6.根据权利要求5所述的透明质酸-异甘草素偶联物的制备方法,其特征在于:所述透明质酸与异甘草素的质量比为1:0.2~1。
7.一种溶解型微针贴,其特征在于:以权利要求1或2所述的透明质酸-异甘草素偶联物作为针体材料。
8.权利要求7所述的溶解型微针贴的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤如下:
a. 将透明质酸-异甘草素偶联物与水混匀,超声溶解后,自组装形成纳米粒,除去空气后作为针体溶液;
b. 配制被衬层溶液,超声使其充分溶解并除去溶液中的空气,作为被衬层浇注溶液;
c.将步骤a的针体溶液加入微针模具,真空处理5~15min,离心5~15min,再加入步骤b的被衬层浇注溶液,离心10~30min使针体与被衬层充分黏合,即得溶解型微针贴。
9.根据权利要求8所述的溶解型微针贴的制备方法,其特征在于:所述针体溶液中透明质酸-异甘草素偶联物的浓度为0.04~0.8g/mL;所述的被衬层溶液中的材料包括但不局限于聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、羟丙基甲基纤维素或乙基纤维素中的一种或多种。
10.权利要求7所述的溶解型微针贴在制备治疗皮肤黑色素瘤的药物中的应用。
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