CN115486346A - Culture medium for carbon sequestration and emission reduction and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Culture medium for carbon sequestration and emission reduction and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 230000009919 sequestration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002025 wood fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyandiamide Chemical compound NC(N)=NC#N QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- LXKCHCXZBPLTAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole phosphate Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O.CC1=CNN=C1C LXKCHCXZBPLTAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XKVUYEYANWFIJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methyl-1h-pyrazole Chemical compound CC1=CC=NN1 XKVUYEYANWFIJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 20
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 40
- 239000002688 soil aggregate Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- 235000010149 Brassica rapa subsp chinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 244000221633 Brassica rapa subsp chinensis Species 0.000 description 8
- MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 6
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 206010016807 Fluid retention Diseases 0.000 description 4
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000002029 aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000031018 biological processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000036983 biotransformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010413 gardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012978 lignocellulosic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009935 nitrosation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007034 nitrosation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a culture medium for carbon sequestration and emission reduction, which relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to the field of horticultural cultivation and agricultural fertilizers, solves the problems that the existing culture medium has single function and does not have the effects of carbon sequestration and emission reduction and crop yield increase, and comprises the following components in percentage by volume: 2-10 parts of biochar, 2-10 parts of peat, 18-22 parts of compost, 14-16 parts of perlite, 14-16 parts of vermiculite and 1mg/kg of nitrification inhibitor additive; by adding the biochar and the compost in the formula of the culture medium and assisting with the nitrification inhibitor, the culture medium has stable performance, can reduce the emission of greenhouse gases of the medium, promotes the yield increase, realizes the multifunction of the culture medium, has the functions of carbon sequestration and emission reduction and crop yield increase, has superiority, and has great significance for ecological protection and production benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to the field of gardening cultivation and agricultural fertilizers, and specifically relates to a cultivation substrate for carbon sequestration and emission reduction and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Soilless culture is an important form of future facility agriculture, and at present, the soilless culture in China mainly takes substrate culture as a main mode. As the grass carbon in the matrix is difficult to regenerate resources, the production cost of the matrix is high, and particularly, the foreign excellent grass carbon has higher price and is difficult to utilize in production.
In addition, the existing culture medium is high in price and single in function due to the reasons of composition components and the like, and does not have the functions of carbon sequestration, emission reduction and crop yield increase.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: in order to solve the problems that the existing culture medium is single in function and does not have the effects of carbon sequestration and emission reduction and crop yield increase, the invention provides the culture medium for carbon sequestration and emission reduction and the preparation method thereof.
The invention specifically adopts the following technical scheme for realizing the purpose:
a cultivation substrate for carbon sequestration and emission reduction comprises the following components in percentage by volume: 2-10 parts of biochar, 40-48 parts of peat, 18-22 parts of compost, 14-16 parts of perlite, 14-16 parts of vermiculite and 1mg/kg of nitrification inhibitor additive.
Optionally, the composition comprises the following raw materials by volume percent: the composite material consists of the following raw materials in percentage by volume: 4 parts of biochar, 46 parts of peat, 20 parts of compost, 15 parts of perlite, 15 parts of vermiculite and 1mg/kg of nitrification inhibitor additive.
Optionally, the nitrification inhibitor is any one of 3-methylpyrazole, dicyandiamide, 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate.
Optionally, the biochar has a carbon content of 60-80% and a specific surface area of 200-260m 2 /g。
A preparation method of a culture medium for carbon sequestration and emission reduction comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing biochar;
s2, obtaining a first raw material by taking the biochar and the components according to a preset proportion;
s3, uniformly mixing the first raw materials to obtain the culture medium.
Optionally, the S1 includes the following steps: under the anaerobic condition, selecting wood fiber, pyrolyzing the wood fiber at a low speed by using a carbonization furnace, raising the heating temperature to a preset temperature at a preset speed, and preserving the heat for a preset time to prepare the biochar.
Optionally, the wood fiber is any one of wood and straw.
Optionally, the preset speed is 8.5-12 ℃ min -1 。
Optionally, the preset temperature is 200 to 1200 ℃.
Optionally, the preset heat preservation time is 1-5 hours.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. according to the cultivation substrate for carbon sequestration and emission reduction and the preparation method thereof, the biochar and the nitrification inhibitor are added in the formula of the cultivation substrate, so that the biochar is stable in performance and can reduce the greenhouse gas emission of the substrate; after the biomass raw material is converted into the biochar through pyrolysis, the resistance of carbon in the original biomass raw material against various degradation forms can be greatly improved, and the biochar can resist the degradation in chemical and biological processes due to the formation of a highly condensed aromatic hydrocarbon structure in the pyrolysis process; therefore, the biochar added in the formula of the culture medium can inhibit the greenhouse gas emission of soil and improve the duration time of soil conditions, and solves the problems that the existing culture medium has single function and does not have the effects of carbon sequestration, emission reduction and crop yield increase.
2. According to the cultivation substrate for carbon sequestration and emission reduction and the preparation method thereof, the biochar and the nitrification inhibitor are added in the formula of the cultivation substrate, the biochar has the advantages of high carbon content, surface microporous structure, large specific surface area, strong adsorption capacity and the like, and the large surface area and numerous micropores of the biochar particles can provide a good microenvironment for soil microorganisms and increase the capacity of keeping moisture and nutrients in soil; the biochar has higher cation exchange capacity, and can increase the retention capacity of soil on nutrient ions such as potassium, calcium, ammonium and the like after being added into the soil, thereby reducing the loss of agricultural fertilizers and increasing the utilization efficiency of the fertilizers.
3. According to the cultivation substrate for carbon sequestration and emission reduction and the preparation method thereof, compost is added into the cultivation substrate, is humus rich in organic carbon and microorganisms, and can be further converted into more stable carbon in soil through the action of the microorganisms after being applied to the soil, so that the function of the soil as carbon sink is enhanced, and the effect of carbon sequestration and emission reduction can be further enhanced by adding the compost into the cultivation substrate. In addition, the compost is added to the culture medium, so that the yield of crops can be effectively increased, and the method has important significance for increasing the yield; a nitrification inhibitor is added into the culture medium, the nitrification inhibitor is a chemical substance capable of inhibiting the biotransformation process of converting ammonium nitrogen into nitrate nitrogen, and the loss of nitrogen fertilizer in the form of nitrate nitrogen and the influence on the ecological environment are reduced by reducing the generation and accumulation of the nitrate nitrogen in soil. Therefore, the biochar and the compost are added in the formula of the culture medium and supplemented with the nitrification inhibitor, the multi-dimensional carbon fixation and emission reduction is realized, the compost is added, the function of reducing greenhouse gas emission of the medium by the biochar is enhanced through the microbial action of the compost, the yield of crops is effectively increased through the microbial action, the nitrification inhibitor is added to form a linkage effect with the biochar and the compost, the nitrification inhibitor can inhibit the conversion of ammonium nitrogen into nitrate nitrogen, promote the biochar to promote the generation of soil aggregates and the microbial action of the compost, and further improve the carbon fixation and emission reduction function of the culture medium related by the invention.
4. The invention relates to a cultivation substrate for carbon sequestration and emission reduction and a preparation method thereof, the carbon content of the biochar is 60-80%, the high carbon content obviously improves the capability of promoting the generation of soil aggregates, particularly when the carbon content is 60-80%, the capability of further improving the carbon sequestration of soil is further improved, and the biochar is 200-260m 2 The high specific surface area of the culture medium per gram enables the culture medium to have more void structures, and the number of the void structures is increased, so that the adsorption performance of the culture medium to macromolecular organic matters is remarkably increased, the water retention of the soil can be better improved, and the volume weight of the soil is reduced. Therefore, the application of the biochar with high carbon content and high specific surface area can effectively promote the generation of soil aggregates and enhance the stability of the soil aggregates, is beneficial to the carbon fixation of farmland soil, and has excellent carbon fixation and emission reduction effects.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Detailed Description
A cultivation substrate for carbon sequestration and emission reduction comprises the following components in percentage by volume: 2-10 parts of biochar, 40-48 parts of peat, 18-22 parts of compost, 14-16 parts of perlite, 14-16 parts of vermiculite and 1mg/kg of nitrification inhibitor additive.
Understandably, the biochar has the advantages of high carbon content, surface microporous structure, large specific surface area, strong adsorption capacity and the like, is widely applied to various aspects of production and life at present, and is one of the most fierce research hotspots at present.
As can be appreciated, biochar has excellent physical structural properties: the biochar particles have larger specific surface area and abundant pore structures, and the structure can improve the water retention of soil and reduce the volume weight of the soil. The biochar can effectively promote the generation of soil aggregates and enhance the stability of the soil aggregates, is beneficial to the carbon fixation of farmland soil, and enhances the carbon fixation and emission reduction effects of the farmland soil.
Further, it is understood that biochar has an excellent chemical composition, the content of carbon element in biochar is extremely high, generally more than 60%, and it exists mainly in the irregular stacking of highly stable aromatic rings. Because the biochar contains a large amount of carbon and has the properties of low solubility, high boiling point and strong stability, the biochar has strong physical, chemical and biological decomposition resistance after being applied to farmlands, can be stably stored in natural environment for thousands of years, and shows carbon fixation and emission reduction. The rich pore structure and the larger specific surface area of the composite material can provide a good microenvironment for soil microorganisms, increase the capability of keeping moisture and nutrients in soil, namely improve the water retention of the soil and reduce the volume weight of the soil.
Furthermore, as can be understood, the application of the biochar can effectively promote the generation of soil aggregates and enhance the stability of the soil aggregates, thereby being beneficial to the carbon retention of farmland soil.
Furthermore, as can be understood, biochar also has another important surface chemical property that the biochar has higher cation exchange capacity, and can increase the retention capacity of soil on nutrient ions such as potassium, calcium, ammonium and the like after being added into soil, so that the loss of agricultural fertilizers can be reduced, and the utilization efficiency of the agricultural fertilizers can be increased.
Further, it is understood that biochar also has excellent stability characteristics: after the biomass raw material is converted into the biochar through pyrolysis, the resistance of carbon in the original biomass raw material against various degradation forms can be greatly improved, and the biochar is capable of resisting the degradation of chemical and biological processes due to the fact that a highly condensed aromatic hydrocarbon structure of the biochar is formed in the pyrolysis process. The stability of the biochar can determine the storage time of the biochar in soil, the duration of greenhouse gas emission inhibition in the soil, the duration of soil condition improvement and the like, so that the biochar is a key factor influencing the potential of carbon sequestration, emission reduction and agricultural production benefit acquisition.
Meanwhile, as can be understood, compost is added into the culture medium, is humus rich in organic carbon and microorganisms, and can be further converted into more stable carbon in soil through the action of microorganisms after being applied to the soil, so that the function of the soil as carbon sink is enhanced, and the effect of carbon sequestration and emission reduction can be further enhanced by adding the compost into the culture medium. In addition, the compost is added to the culture medium, so that the yield of crops can be effectively increased, and the method has important significance for increasing the yield.
Furthermore, it is understood that a nitrification inhibitor, which is a chemical substance capable of inhibiting the biotransformation process of ammonium nitrogen into nitrate nitrogen, is added to the culture substrate at a dose of 1mg/kg, and the nitrosation, nitrification and even denitrification processes in the soil are inhibited, thereby blocking NH 4 To NO 2 - 、NO 3 - The transformation process improves the fertilizer efficiency. By reducing the generation and accumulation of nitrate nitrogen in soil, the loss of nitrogen fertilizer in the form of nitrate nitrogen is reduced, and the influence of nitrogen fertilizer on the ecological environment is also reduced. Therefore, the effect of carbon fixation and emission reduction can be further enhanced by adding the nitrification inhibitor.
The method has the advantages that the biochar and the compost are added in the formula of the culture medium, and the nitrification inhibitor is used for assisting in realizing the multi-dimensional carbon fixation and emission reduction, the compost is added, the function of the biochar for reducing the greenhouse gas emission of the medium is enhanced through the microbial action of the compost, the microbial action effectively increases the yield of crops, the nitrification inhibitor is added to form a linkage effect with the biochar and the compost, the nitrification inhibitor promotes the biochar to promote the generation of soil aggregates and the microbial action of the compost while inhibiting the conversion of ammonium nitrogen into nitrate nitrogen, the carbon fixation and emission reduction effect of the culture medium related by the invention is further improved, and the problems that the existing culture medium is single in function and does not have the functions of carbon fixation and emission reduction and crop yield increase are solved.
In some embodiments of the present invention, specifically, the composition comprises the following raw materials by volume percentage: 2 parts of biochar, 48 parts of peat, 17 parts of compost, 14 parts of perlite, 14 parts of vermiculite and 1mg/kg of nitrification inhibitor additive.
In some embodiments of the present invention, specifically, the composition comprises the following raw materials by volume percentage: 4 parts of biochar, 46 parts of peat, 20 parts of compost, 15 parts of perlite, 15 parts of vermiculite and 1mg/kg of nitrification inhibitor additive.
In some embodiments of the present invention, specifically, the composition comprises the following raw materials by volume percentage: 10 parts of biochar, 48 parts of peat, 22 parts of compost, 16 parts of perlite, 16 parts of vermiculite and 1mg/kg of nitrification inhibitor additive.
In some embodiments of the invention, the nitrification inhibitor used may be selected from: 3-methylpyrazole, dicyandiamide, 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate. Dicyandiamide is preferably used.
In some embodiments of the invention, the biochar has a carbon content of 60-80% and a specific surface area of 200-260m 2 (ii) in terms of/g. Specifically, in certain embodiments, the biochar has a carbon content of 65% and a specific surface area of 225m 2 /g。
It can be understood that, at the same time, carbon elements in the biochar mainly exist in irregular stacked layers of highly stable aromatic rings, and the properties of the biochar such as low solubility, high boiling point and strong stability are realized, so that the biochar after being applied to farmlands has strong physical, chemical and biological decomposition resistance, can stably exist in natural environment for thousands of years, and shows carbon fixation and emission reduction.
It is noted that the high carbon content of the biochar obviously improves the capability of promoting the formation of soil aggregates, particularly when the carbon content is 60-80%, the capability of fixing carbon in soil is further improved, and the biochar is 200-260m 2 The high specific surface area of the culture medium per gram enables the culture medium to have more void structures, and the number of the void structures is increased, so that the adsorption performance of the culture medium to macromolecular organic matters is remarkably increased, the water retention of the soil can be better improved, and the volume weight of the soil is reduced. It can be seen that the application of the biochar with high carbon content and high specific surface area can effectively promote the generation of soil aggregates and enhance the stability of the soil aggregatesThe method is beneficial to carbon fixation of farmland soil and has excellent carbon fixation and emission reduction effects.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the culture medium for carbon sequestration and emission reduction, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing biochar;
s2, obtaining a first raw material by taking the biochar and the components according to a preset proportion;
s3, uniformly mixing the first raw materials to obtain the culture medium.
In some embodiments of the invention, said S1 comprises the steps of: under the anaerobic condition, selecting wood fiber, carrying out slow pyrolysis by using a carbonization furnace, raising the heating temperature to the preset temperature at the preset speed, and carrying out heat preservation for the preset time to prepare the biochar.
In some embodiments of the invention, the lignocellulosic material is any one of wood, straw. In particular, it is preferred that the straw is lignocellulosic.
In some embodiments of the invention, the predetermined rate is 8.5-12 ℃. Min -1 . In particular, in some embodiments of the invention, the preset rate is preferably 10min -1 。
In some embodiments of the invention, the predetermined temperature is 200-1200 ℃. In particular, in some embodiments of the invention, the preset temperature is preferably 400 ℃.
In some embodiments of the invention, the incubation is for a predetermined time period of 1 to 5 hours. Specifically, in some embodiments of the present invention, the incubation time is preferably 3 hours.
In some embodiments of the invention, the mixing time of S3 is 10-20min. In particular, in some embodiments of the invention, the mixing time is preferably 15min.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a cultivation substrate for carbon sequestration and emission reduction, and the specific preparation process comprises the following steps:
s1, taking the components according to the proportion of 2 parts of biochar, 48 parts of peat, 17 parts of compost, 14 parts of perlite, 14 parts of vermiculite and 1mg/kg of nitrification inhibitor additive to obtain a first raw material;
s2, uniformly mixing the first raw materials to obtain the culture medium.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a cultivation substrate for carbon sequestration and emission reduction, and the specific preparation process comprises the following steps:
s1, taking the components according to the proportion of 4 parts of biochar, 46 parts of peat, 20 parts of compost, 15 parts of perlite, 15 parts of vermiculite and 1mg/kg of nitrification inhibitor additive to obtain a first raw material;
s2, uniformly mixing the first raw materials to obtain the culture medium.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a cultivation substrate for carbon sequestration and emission reduction, and the specific preparation process comprises the following steps:
s1, taking the components according to the proportion that 10 parts of biochar, 48 parts of peat, 22 parts of compost, 16 parts of perlite, 16 parts of vermiculite and 1mg/kg of nitrification inhibitor additive are taken to obtain a first raw material;
s2, uniformly mixing the first raw materials to obtain the culture medium.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a cultivation substrate for carbon sequestration and emission reduction, and the specific preparation process comprises the following steps:
s1, taking the components according to the proportion that 8 parts of biochar, 42 parts of peat, 20 parts of compost, 15 parts of perlite, 15 parts of vermiculite and 1mg/kg of nitrification inhibitor additive are taken to obtain a first raw material;
s2, uniformly mixing the first raw materials to obtain the culture medium.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a cultivation substrate for carbon sequestration and emission reduction, and the specific preparation process comprises the following steps:
s1, taking the components according to the proportion that 9 parts of biochar, 43 parts of peat, 22 parts of compost, 15 parts of perlite, 15 parts of vermiculite and 1mg/kg of nitrification inhibitor additive are taken to obtain a first raw material;
s2, uniformly mixing the first raw materials to obtain the culture medium.
Example 6
The embodiment provides a cultivation substrate for carbon sequestration and emission reduction, and the specific preparation process comprises the following steps:
s1, taking the components according to the proportion that 8.5 parts of biochar, 44 parts of peat, 21 parts of compost, 15 parts of perlite, 15 parts of vermiculite and 1mg/kg of nitrification inhibitor additive are taken to obtain a first raw material;
s2, uniformly mixing the first raw materials to obtain the culture medium.
Example 7
The embodiment provides a cultivation substrate for carbon sequestration and emission reduction, and the specific preparation process comprises the following steps:
s1, taking the components according to the proportion of 7 parts of biochar, 43 parts of peat, 22 parts of compost, 14.5 parts of perlite, 14.5 parts of vermiculite and 1mg/kg of nitrification inhibitor additive to obtain a first raw material;
s2, uniformly mixing the first raw materials to obtain the culture medium.
Example 8
The embodiment provides a cultivation substrate for carbon sequestration and emission reduction, and the specific preparation process comprises the following steps:
s1, taking components according to the proportion of 5 parts of biochar, 42 parts of peat, 22 parts of compost, 15 parts of perlite, 15 parts of vermiculite and 1mg/kg of nitrification inhibitor additive to obtain a first raw material;
s2, uniformly mixing the first raw materials to obtain the culture medium.
Example 9
The embodiment provides a cultivation substrate for carbon sequestration and emission reduction, and the specific preparation process comprises the following steps:
s1, taking the components according to the proportion that 3 parts of biochar, 46 parts of peat, 21.5 parts of compost, 15 parts of perlite, 15 parts of vermiculite and 1mg/kg of nitrification inhibitor additive are taken to obtain a first raw material;
s2, uniformly mixing the first raw materials to obtain the culture medium.
Example 10
The embodiment provides a cultivation substrate for carbon sequestration and emission reduction, and the specific preparation process comprises the following steps:
s1, taking the components according to the proportion that 4.5 parts of biochar, 46.5 parts of peat, 21.5 parts of compost, 15 parts of perlite, 15 parts of vermiculite and 1mg/kg of nitrification inhibitor additive are taken to obtain a first raw material;
s2, uniformly mixing the first raw materials to obtain the culture medium.
In order to prove that the culture medium for carbon sequestration and emission reduction has the effects of carbon sequestration and emission reduction and yield increase, the following experiment is designed.
1.1 design of the experiment
5 treatment groups and two control groups are designed, and the specific composition of the culture substrate raw materials of each treatment group is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 cultivation substrate formulation for each experimental treatment
The method comprises the following steps of setting 7 groups (a control group 1, a control group 2 and a treatment group 1-5) of pakchoi seeds as research objects, culturing the pakchoi seeds in a seedling room, correspondingly transplanting the pakchoi seeds into culture mediums of the control group 1, the control group 2 and the treatment group 1-5 after 10 days, starting culturing in a greenhouse, starting fertilization, and harvesting after 31 days of planting. The whole cultivation process keeps all conditions consistent except the cultivation substrate.
The fertilizer uses Hoagland nutrient solution, and the total fertilizing amount is 400kgN/hm -2 . A total of 7 treatment groups, each group being set to 10 replicates, were sampled for the gas samples of each treatment group on days 1, 11, 21, 31 after fertilization, respectively, for a total of 7 groups, and 1 group of air was taken as a blank group for determination of greenhouse gas concentration.
1.2 test results
TABLE 2 greenhouse gas concentration and average pakchoi yield for each treatment group
TABLE 3 reduction in greenhouse gas and pakchoi production for each treatment versus the control treatment
1.3 analysis of results
See Table 2, blank set of CO 2 The discharge amount was 754.96. + -. 9.58ppm, and the CO of control 1 and control 2 2 The discharge amount is 1031.02 +/-103.05 ppm, 916.02 +/-68.94 ppm, and the control group can greatly increase the carbon discharge; treatment of CO in groups 1-5 compared to control 1 and control 2 2 The discharge amount is lower than that of a control group 1 and a control group 2; same, CH 4 、N 2 The carbon emission of O also follows the law that treatment groups 1-5 significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions, with significant advantages. In addition, the individual yields of the control group 1 and the control group 2 were 18.07 + -0.99 g, 19.17 + -0.94 g, respectively, as seen from the individual yields; the single plant yields of the treatment groups 1 to 3 were all higher than those of the control group, and only the single plant yields of the control groups 4 and 5 were relatively low.
Referring to the results in table 3, it can be seen that co occurred in both control 1 and control 2 2 ,CH 4 And N 2 The greenhouse gas O three has obvious emission reduction effect in five treatment groups, the treatment 1 and the treatment 2 have the best effect, the yield of the pakchoi treated by 2 is reduced, and the yield of the pakchoi treated by 2 and the pakchoi treated by 3 is obviously increased, so that the treatment 2 and the treatment 3 are recommended.
Therefore, the culture medium for carbon sequestration and emission reduction provided by the invention has the effects of carbon sequestration and emission reduction and yield increase, and has an obvious effect.
In summary, the treatment groups 1-5 according to the invention have the function of reducing CO 2 ，CH 4 And N 2 The greenhouse gas of O three has obvious effect, and most treatment groups have the effect of increasing the yield of crops, and have superiority, and the biochar and the compost are added into the formula of the culture mediumThe fertilizer is supplemented with a nitrification inhibitor, so that the biochar has stable performance and can reduce the greenhouse gas emission of the matrix; after the biomass raw material is converted into the biochar through pyrolysis, the resistance of carbon in the original biomass raw material against various degradation forms can be greatly improved, and the biochar can resist the degradation in chemical and biological processes due to the formation of a highly condensed aromatic hydrocarbon structure in the pyrolysis process; therefore, the biochar added in the formula of the culture medium can inhibit the greenhouse gas emission of soil and improve the duration time of soil conditions, and solves the problems that the existing culture medium has single function and does not have the effects of carbon sequestration, emission reduction and crop yield increase.
The above embodiment is only one embodiment of the present invention, and the description thereof is specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that various changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these changes and modifications are all within the scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A culture substrate for carbon sequestration and emission reduction is characterized in that: comprises the following components in percentage by volume: 2-10 parts of biochar, 40-48 parts of peat, 18-22 parts of compost, 14-16 parts of perlite, 14-16 parts of vermiculite and 1mg/kg of nitrification inhibitor additive.
2. The cultivation substrate for carbon sequestration and emission reduction as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the composite material consists of the following raw materials in percentage by volume: 4 parts of biochar, 46 parts of peat, 20 parts of compost, 15 parts of perlite, 15 parts of vermiculite and 1mg/kg of nitrification inhibitor additive.
3. The cultivation substrate for carbon sequestration and emission reduction according to claim 1, wherein: the nitrification inhibition is any one of 3-methylpyrazole, dicyandiamide, 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate.
4. According toThe cultivation substrate for carbon sequestration and emission reduction as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the charcoal has carbon content of 60-80% and specific surface area of 200-260m 2 /g。
5. The preparation method of the culture substrate for carbon sequestration and emission reduction of claims 1-4 is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing charcoal;
s2, obtaining a first raw material by taking the biochar and the components according to a preset proportion;
s3, uniformly mixing the first raw materials to obtain the culture medium.
6. The method for preparing the culture substrate for carbon sequestration and emission reduction according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the S1 comprises the following steps: under the anaerobic condition, selecting wood fiber, carrying out slow pyrolysis by using a carbonization furnace, raising the heating temperature to the preset temperature at the preset speed, and carrying out heat preservation for the preset time to prepare the biochar.
7. The method for preparing the culture substrate for carbon sequestration and emission reduction according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the wood fiber is any one of wood and straw.
8. The method for preparing the culture substrate for carbon sequestration and emission reduction according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the preset speed is 8.5-12 ℃ min -1 。
9. The method for preparing the culture substrate for carbon sequestration and emission reduction according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the preset temperature is 200-1200 ℃.
10. The method for preparing the culture substrate for carbon sequestration and emission reduction according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the preset heat preservation time is 1-5 hours.
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