CN115413491A - Efficient cutting seedling raising method for syringa vulgaris twig - Google Patents

Efficient cutting seedling raising method for syringa vulgaris twig Download PDF

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CN115413491A
CN115413491A CN202211372939.1A CN202211372939A CN115413491A CN 115413491 A CN115413491 A CN 115413491A CN 202211372939 A CN202211372939 A CN 202211372939A CN 115413491 A CN115413491 A CN 115413491A
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cutting
cuttage
spraying
micro
slips
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CN115413491B (en
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张海良
杨志莹
张小羽
赵庆柱
刘�英
初文红
邱玉宾
张伟
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Weifang Academy Of Agricultural Sciences Weifang Branch Of Shandong Academy Of Agricultural Sciences
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Weifang Academy Of Agricultural Sciences Weifang Branch Of Shandong Academy Of Agricultural Sciences
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
    • A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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    • A01G13/0206—Canopies, i.e. devices providing a roof above the plants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G27/00—Self-acting watering devices, e.g. for flower-pots
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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Abstract

The invention provides an efficient cuttage seedling method for syringa vulgaris twigs, which relates to the technical field of garden plant breeding and comprises the steps of preparing a cuttage facility, treating a cuttage bed, treating cuttings, preparing cuttings, treating the cuttings, performing cuttage and managing after the cuttage.

Description

Efficient cutting seedling raising method for syringa vulgaris twig
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of garden plant breeding, in particular to a high-efficiency cutting seedling method for syringa vulgaris twigs.
Background
The syringa oldhamiana flower and shrub is ornamental flower and shrub of syringa of Oleaceae, is native to Europe, is cultivated in northeast China, north China, shandong, jiangsu and the like, has rich flower color and aroma, has the characteristics of cold resistance, drought resistance, barren resistance and the like, is widely applied to garden decoration, cut flower, bonsai cultivation and the like in European and American countries, and is an excellent garden greening ornamental tree species. Cuttage breeding is one of the main breeding modes of syringa vulgaris.
In the patent of the invention of China with the patent application number of 201510101740.9, a method for raising seedlings by cutting Eugenia caryophyllata matrix with ectogenic roots is provided, which comprises the steps of preparing cutting facilities, cutting slips, sterilizing, girdling and rooting treatment, cutting and management after cutting, and the method mainly has the following problems: firstly, a plastic arched shed is adopted as a cuttage facility, the internal environment of the plastic arched shed is closed, the humidity in the facility is high, air is not circulated, and the cuttage branches are easy to rot; secondly, the cutting rooting requires long time, the management period is long, and the energy consumption, time consumption and labor consumption are realized; thirdly, the cutting shoot is unstable in rooting, and the time is high and low; fourthly, the root deviation phenomenon is serious and the rooting quantity is small.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an efficient cuttage seedling raising method for syringa vulgaris twigs, which increases the ventilation of cuttage facilities, reduces the rotting rate of cutting slips, shortens the time required by rooting, improves the rooting rate and stability of the cutting slips, avoids the occurrence of root deviation phenomenon and ensures the uniformity of rooting positions.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
an efficient Eugenia caryophyllata twig cutting seedling method comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a cuttage facility, wherein the cuttage facility comprises a cuttage pool and an installation frame, a cuttage bed is arranged in the cuttage pool and comprises a stone layer, a gauze layer and a river sand layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, a sunshade net covers the top of the installation frame, and a micro-spraying system is installed in the installation frame;
s2, treating a cuttage bed, namely disinfecting the cuttage bed by using a bactericide 1-2 days before cuttage;
s3, treating cuttings, namely watering the stock plant of the cuttings once to permeate water 2-3 days before the cuttings are cut, and spraying 0.01% of 2,4-epibrassinolide 1500-fold liquid, 1000-fold potassium dihydrogen phosphate liquid and 1000-fold 25% pyraclostrobin liquid to the leaf surfaces of the stock plant of the cuttings once 1-2 days before the cuttings are cut;
selecting strong and healthy syringa vulgaris branches which have no plant diseases and insect pests and have plump lateral buds, quickly putting the branches after shearing into a bucket containing mixed aqueous solution of 1000 times of mineral-derived fulvic acid potassium and 0.01 percent of 2, 4-epibrassinolide 1500 times, and soaking for one hour;
s4, preparing cutting slips, cutting the processed cutting slips into cutting slips with the length of 12-15cm and the diameter of more than 0.5cm, reserving 1-2 blades on each cutting slip, then horizontally cutting an upper cut and a lower cut, horizontally cutting a phloem from a position 1cm above the lower cut along the longitudinal direction to the lower cut, wherein the cutting width is 0.3-0.5cm, exposing a xylem, uniformly cutting 3 positions of each cutting slip, and placing the cut cutting slips in clean water for later use;
s5, cutting, namely controlling water of the cutting, and then placing 3cm of the base part of the cutting in a prepared rooting agent for dipping for 10S at an intermediate speed;
s6, cutting, wherein the processed cutting is vertically inserted into a cutting bed, the cutting depth is 3-4cm, the density is that the front, the rear, the left and the right leaves are not shielded, and water is continuously sprayed to the leaves of the cutting in the cutting process;
and S7, managing after cuttage.
As a preferred technical solution, the specific steps of post-cuttage management include:
s7.1, after cuttage, maintaining the humidity of leaves on the cuttage bed and the cutting slips by adopting a micro-spraying system, spraying for 15S every 6-10 min in the daytime, spraying for 15S every 60min at night, spraying for 15S every 30min when the daytime is a cloudy day, and stopping when the rainy day occurs;
s7.2, removing the sunshade net after callus is formed, setting micro-spraying time to spray 15S every 10-15 min in the daytime, spraying 15S every 80min at night, spraying 15S every 45min in the cloudy day, and stopping when raining;
s7.3, after 10 days of cuttage, spraying 2000 times of mineral source fulvic acid potassium solution to the leaves of the cutting every 7-10 days for one time, and continuously spraying for 2-3 times;
s7.4, after 30 days of cuttage, spraying 1000 times of monopotassium phosphate solution and 1000 times of urea solution to leaves of the cutting slips every 10 days, and continuously spraying for 2-3 times.
As a preferred technical scheme, the cuttage pond comprises outer pond walls which are arranged in a rectangular shape at four sides, a separation pond wall is arranged at the middle position of the cuttage pond, the separation pond wall extends along the length direction of the cuttage pond, the cuttage beds are arranged on two sides of the separation pond wall, each outer pond wall and the separation pond wall are formed by building an upper brick layer and a lower brick layer, each upper brick layer and each lower brick layer respectively comprise a plurality of light bricks which are arranged in sequence, cement mortar is filled between each light brick and the ground and between the light bricks adjacent to the light brick, and two water seepage holes are formed in the cement mortar below each light brick.
As an optimal technical scheme, the mounting bracket includes a plurality of arch skeleton, the arch skeleton is followed the length direction in cuttage pond arranges the setting in proper order, and every double-phase is adjacent interval between the arch skeleton is the same, each the both ends of arch skeleton all are fixed in the cuttage pond, it is whole install horizontal skeleton jointly on the arch skeleton, each horizontal skeleton all follows the length direction in cuttage pond extends.
As a preferred technical scheme, the little shower nozzle system include two install in little shower nozzle group in the mounting bracket, each the top of cuttage bed intermediate position all is provided with one little shower nozzle group, each little shower nozzle group all includes that a plurality of follows the little shower nozzle of G type atomizing that cuttage pond length direction set gradually, each little shower nozzle of G type atomizing all is connected with the inlet tube.
As a preferable technical scheme, the bactericide adopts 1000 times of solution of 70% hymexazol wettable powder and 500 times of solution of 1.8% Xinjunan acetate aqueous solution.
As a preferred technical scheme, the rooting agent is a mixed aqueous solution of 800-1000mg/L potassium indolebutyrate, 400-500mg/L sodium naphthaleneacetate, 0.7-1.0 ml/L0.01% brassinolide and 0.7-1.0ml/L agricultural organosilicon.
As a preferable technical scheme, the light transmittance of the sunshade net is 50%.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the efficient cutting seedling method for the syringa vulgaris twig comprises the steps of preparing a cutting facility, wherein the cutting facility comprises a cutting pool and an installation frame, a cutting bed is arranged in the cutting pool, and a sunshade net covers the top of the installation frame.
Because the cuttage bed adopts the stone layer, the gauze layer and the river sand layer, the invention improves the water permeability and the air permeability of the cuttage bed, realizes the rapid discharge of redundant moisture in the cuttage bed, avoids the occurrence of the rot of the cutting caused by the overhigh humidity of the cuttage bed, and greatly reduces the rot rate of the cutting.
Because the cut cuttings are soaked for one hour by using the mixed aqueous solution of 1000 times of mineral source potassium fulvate and 1500 times of 0.01 percent of 2, 4-epibrassinolide, in the invention, the cuttings are soaked by using 2,4-epibrassinolide and the mineral source potassium fulvate, the activity of intracellular enzymes in the cuttings is improved, the division of cells in the cuttings and the formation of callus tissues are promoted, and the rooting time of the cuttings is obviously shortened.
The cutting preparation method adopted in the invention is as follows: the upper cut and the lower cut are cut horizontally, the phloem is cut horizontally from the position 1cm above the lower cut along the longitudinal direction to the lower cut, the width of the cut is 0.3-0.5cm, the xylem is exposed, and 3 parts of each cutting shoot are cut uniformly.
As 3cm of the base part of the cutting is placed in the prepared rooting agent and dipped for 10s at a medium speed, agricultural organic silicon is added into the rooting agent, and after the cutting is dipped with the rooting agent at a high speed, the adhesiveness and the permeability of plant growth regulators (namely, the potassium indolebutyrate, the sodium naphthaleneacetate and the 0.01% brassinolide) are improved, so that the utilization rate of the plant growth regulators is improved, and the rooting rate and the stability of the cutting are further effectively improved.
Because the inner wall of the mounting rack is provided with the micro-spraying system, in the invention, the automatic control equipment is used for controlling the timing micro-spraying of the micro-spraying system, and workers do not need to manually spray water on the cuttage bed and the cuttings, thereby reducing the management cost, being simple to operate and easy to popularize.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
fig. 2 isbase:Sub>A schematic sectional view taken along the directionbase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A in fig. 1.
Wherein: 1. a cuttage pool; 2. a cutting bed; 3. a stone layer; 4. a gauze layer; 5. a river sand layer; 6. a mounting frame; 7. a sunshade net; 8. an outer tank wall; 9. separating the tank walls; 10. light bricks; 11. cement mortar; 12. a water seepage hole; 13. an arched framework; 14. a transverse framework; 15. g-type atomizing micro-spray heads; 16. and (4) a water inlet pipe.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a method for raising seedlings of syringa vulgaris shoots by efficient cutting comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a cuttage facility, wherein the cuttage facility comprises a cuttage pool 1 and an installation frame 6, a cuttage bed 2 is arranged in the cuttage pool 1, the cuttage bed 2 comprises a stone layer 3, a gauze layer 4 and a river sand layer 5 which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, in the cuttage method, stones with the diameter of 10-20mm are filled in the stone layer 3, the thickness of the stone layer 3 is 14cm, the gauze layer 4 is a 40-mesh stainless steel gauze, the 40-mesh stainless steel gauze is laid on the leveled stone layer 3, river sand layer 5 is filled with river sand with the diameter of 0.25-1.0mm, and the thickness of the river sand layer 5 is 20cm; a sunshade net 7 is covered on the top of the mounting frame 6, and a micro-spraying system is arranged on the inner wall of the mounting frame 6.
S2, treating the cuttage bed 2, and disinfecting the cuttage bed 2 by using a bactericide 1-2 days before cuttage.
S3, treating cuttings, wherein the cutting time is from 5 to 9 months, the stock plant of the cuttings is watered thoroughly once 2-3 days before the cuttings are cut, and 0.01% of 2,4-epibrassinolide 1500-fold liquid, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1000-fold liquid and 25% pyraclostrobin 1000-fold liquid are sprayed once on the leaf surfaces of the stock plant of the cuttings 1-2 days before the cuttings are cut.
Selecting strong Eugenia caryophyllata branches which are healthy and strong in the current year, have no plant diseases and insect pests and have plump lateral buds, quickly putting the Eugenia caryophyllata branches into a water bucket containing mixed aqueous solution of 1000 times of mineral source fulvic acid potassium and 0.01 percent of 2, 4-epibrassinolide 1500 times, and soaking for one hour.
S4, preparing cutting slips, cutting the processed cutting slips into cutting slips with the length of 12-15cm and the diameter of more than 0.5cm, reserving 1-2 blades on each cutting slip, then horizontally cutting an upper cut and a lower cut, horizontally cutting a phloem from a position 1cm above the lower cut along the longitudinal direction to the lower cut, exposing a xylem, uniformly cutting 3 positions of each cutting slip, and placing the cut slips in clean water for later use.
And S5, treating the cutting slips, controlling water of the cutting slips, and then placing the base parts of the cutting slips 3cm in the prepared rooting agent to dip for 10S at an intermediate speed.
S6, cutting, wherein the processed cutting is vertically inserted into the cutting bed 2, the cutting depth is 3-4cm, the density is suitable for the front, the rear, the left and the right leaves not to be shielded, and water needs to be continuously sprayed to the leaves of the cutting in the cutting process.
And S7, managing after cuttage.
The specific steps of post-cuttage management comprise:
s7.1, after cuttage, maintaining the humidity of the cuttage bed 2 and leaves on the cutting slips by adopting a micro-spraying system, spraying 15S every 6-10 min in the daytime, spraying 15S every 60min at night, spraying 15S every 30min in the daytime when the day is cloudy, and stopping when the day is rainy;
s7.2, removing the sunshade net 7 after callus formation, setting micro-spraying time to spray 15S every 10-15 min in the daytime, spraying 15S every 80min at night, spraying 15S every 45min in the cloudy day, and stopping when raining;
s7.3, after 10 days of cuttage, spraying 2000 times of mineral source fulvic acid potassium solution to the leaves of the cutting slips once every 7-10 days, and continuously spraying for 2-3 times.
S7.4, after 30 days of cuttage, spraying 1000 times of monopotassium phosphate solution and 1000 times of urea solution to leaves of the cutting slips every 10 days, and continuously spraying for 2-3 times.
Wherein, cuttage pond 1 includes that the four sides are the outer pool wall 8 that the rectangle was arranged, the intermediate position of cuttage pond 1 is provided with interval pool wall 9, interval pool wall 9 extends along the length direction of cuttage pond 1, the both sides of interval pool wall 9 all are provided with a cuttage bed 2, each outer pool wall 8 and interval pool wall 9 are built by last brick layer and lower brick layer and form, each goes up the brick layer and all includes the light brick 10 that a plurality of set gradually with lower brick layer, between each light brick 10 and the ground and with adjacent light brick 10 between all filled cement mortar 11, all be equipped with two infiltration holes 12 in the cement mortar 11 of each light brick 10 below.
In the invention, a flat, sunny and hydroelectric convenient place is selected to build a south-north-oriented cuttage pool 1, the height of the inside of the cuttage pool 1 is 0.4m, the width is 2.45m, the length is 10.40m, a partition pool wall 9 separates the inside of the cuttage pool 1 into east and west parts, the size of a light brick 10 in an upper brick layer is 60cm < 18cm < 24cm >, the size of a light brick 10 in a lower brick layer is 60cm < 18cm < 12cm >, the light brick 10 is fixedly connected with the ground and the light brick 10 by cement mortar 11, the thickness of the cement mortar 11 between the light brick 10 and the ground is 1cm, and the thickness of the cement mortar 11 between the upper light brick 10 and the lower light brick layer is 3cm.
The mounting frame 6 comprises a plurality of arched frameworks 13 made of galvanized pipes, the arched frameworks 13 are sequentially arranged along the length direction of the cuttage pool 1, the distance between every two adjacent arched frameworks 13 is the same, two ends of each arched framework 13 are fixed in the cuttage pool 1, transverse frameworks 14 are jointly installed on all the arched frameworks 13, each transverse framework 14 extends along the length direction of the cuttage pool 1, in the invention, the height from the ground of the middle position of each arched framework 13 is 1.6m, the distance between every two adjacent arched frameworks 13 is 1.5m, and the top of the mounting frame 6 is covered with a layer of sunshade net 7 with 50% of light transmittance.
Moreover, the micro-spraying system comprises two micro-spraying nozzle groups arranged in the mounting frame 6, a micro-spraying nozzle group is arranged above the middle position of each cuttage bed 2, each micro-spraying nozzle group comprises a plurality of G-shaped atomization micro-spraying nozzles 15 sequentially arranged along the length direction of the cuttage pond 1, each G-shaped atomization micro-spraying nozzle 15 is connected with a water inlet pipe 16, in the invention, the G-shaped atomization micro-spraying nozzles 15 are arranged above the middle position of each cuttage bed 2, the distance between each G-shaped atomization micro-spraying nozzle 15 and the top of the river sand layer 5 is 90cm, and the distance between every two adjacent G-shaped atomization micro-spraying nozzles 15 is 1m.
In addition, the bactericide adopts 1000 times of 70 percent hymexazol wettable powder and 500 times of 1.8 percent Xinjun acetic acid aqua.
The rooting agent is a mixed aqueous solution of 800-1000mg/L potassium indolebutyrate, 400-500mg/L sodium naphthaleneacetate, 0.7-1.0 ml/L0.01% brassinolide and 0.7-1.0ml/L agricultural organosilicon.
Example 1
S1, preparing a cuttage facility, wherein the specific structure of the cuttage facility is as described above.
S2, treating the cuttage bed 2: 1 day before cuttage, a 1000-time solution of 70% hymexazol wettable powder and a 500-time solution of 1.8% Xinjunan acetate aqueous solution are used as bactericides, and disinfection treatment is carried out on the cuttage bed 2.
S3, cutting treatment: in 5-month late ten days of cutting, the mother plant of the cutting is watered thoroughly once 2 days before the cutting, and 0.01 percent of 2,4-epibrassinolide 1500-fold liquid, monopotassium phosphate 1000-fold liquid and 25 percent pyraclostrobin 1000-fold liquid are sprayed on the leaf surfaces of the mother plant of the cutting 1 day before the cutting.
Selecting strong Eugenia caryophyllata branches which are grown in the current year, have no plant diseases and insect pests and have plump lateral buds, shearing, quickly putting into a bucket containing mixed aqueous solution of 1000 times of mineral source fulvic acid potassium and 0.01% of 2, 4-epibrassinolide 1500 times, and soaking for 1h.
S4, preparing cutting slips: cutting the collected branches into cutting slips with the length of 12cm and the diameter of more than 0.5cm, wherein the distance between an upper cut and a bud at the uppermost end is 0.5cm, performing flat shearing at a lower cut, and performing flat shearing at a position 1cm away from the upper part of the lower cut at a position longitudinally downward from the lower cut to form a phloem, wherein the cutting width is 0.3cm, exposing a xylem, uniformly cutting 3 parts of each cutting slip, keeping 1 leaf blade for each cutting slip, and placing the cut cutting slips in clear water for later use.
S5, cutting treatment: slightly controlling water of the cut cutting slips, putting 3cm of the base parts of the cutting slips into a rooting agent containing 800mg/L potassium indolebutyrate, 400mg/L sodium naphthaleneacetate, 0.7 ml/L0.01% brassinolide and 0.7ml/L agricultural organosilicon, dipping for 10s at a medium speed, and immediately cutting.
S6, cuttage: the processed cutting is vertically inserted into a cutting bed 2, the cutting depth is 3cm, and the density is that the front, the rear, the left and the right leaves are not shielded.
In the cutting process, water is continuously sprayed to blades of the cutting slips to keep the blades moist.
S7, management after cuttage: after cuttage, the micro-spraying system is used for carrying out timed micro-spraying on the cuttage bed 2 and the cutting shoots so as to keep the humidity of leaves on the cuttage bed 2 and the cutting shoots, the micro-spraying system sets micro-spraying time through automatic control equipment, 15s are sprayed every 10min in the daytime (7-00-18) and 15s are sprayed every 60min in the night (18-00).
After the callus was formed, the sunshade net 7 was removed, and the micro-spray time was set to 15s every 15min in the day (7-00.
And after 10 days of cuttage, spraying 2000 times of mineral potassium fulvate solution to the leaves of the cutting every 7 days for 3 times.
After 30 days of cuttage, spraying 1000 times of monopotassium phosphate solution and 1000 times of urea solution to leaves of the cutting slips every 10 days for 3 times.
Example 2
In this embodiment, the basic steps of cutting propagation of syringa vulgaris shoots are the same as those in embodiment 1, except that in step S2: 1.5 days before cuttage, sterilizing a cuttage bed 2 by using 1000 times of 70% hymexazol wettable powder and 500 times of 1.8% Xinjunan acetate aqueous solution as bactericides;
in step S3: selecting 7 middle-of-month cutting time, watering the stock plant of the cutting shoot once and thoroughly permeating water 2.5 days before cutting the cutting shoot, and spraying 0.01% of 2,4-epibrassinolide 1500-fold liquid, monopotassium phosphate 1000-fold liquid and 25% pyraclostrobin 1000-fold liquid on the leaf surface of the stock plant of the cutting shoot 1.5 days before cutting the cutting shoot;
in step S4: cutting the collected branches into cutting slips with the length of 14cm and the diameter of more than 0.5cm, wherein the distance between an upper cut and a bud at the uppermost end is 0.75cm, performing flat shearing at a lower cut, and performing flat shearing at a position 1cm away from the upper part of the lower cut at a position longitudinally downward from the lower cut to form a phloem, wherein the cutting width is 0.4cm, exposing a xylem, uniformly cutting 3 parts of each cutting slip, reserving 2 leaves for each cutting slip, and placing the cut cutting slips in clear water for later use;
in step S5: the rooting agent is 900mg/L potassium indolebutyrate, 450mg/L sodium naphthaleneacetate, 0.8 ml/L0.01% brassinolide and 0.8ml/L agricultural organosilicon;
in step S6: the processed cutting is vertically inserted into a cutting bed 2, the cutting depth is 3.5cm, and the density is that the front, the back, the left and the right leaves are not shielded;
in step S7: after cuttage, a micro-spraying system is adopted to keep the humidity of the cuttage bed 2 and the leaves of the cuttage, the micro-spraying system sets micro-spraying time through automatic control equipment, the spraying time is set to be 15s every 6min in the daytime (7;
removing the sunshade net 7 after the callus is formed, wherein the micro-spraying time is set as 15s every 10min in the daytime (7-00;
and after 10 days of cuttage, spraying 2000 times of mineral potassium fulvate solution to the leaves of the cutting every 9 days for 3 times.
After 30 days of cuttage, spraying 1000 times of monopotassium phosphate solution and 1000 times of urea solution to leaves of the cutting slips every 10 days for 3 times.
Example 3
In this embodiment, the basic steps of cutting propagation of syringa vulgaris shoots are the same as those in embodiment 1, except that in step S2: 2 days before cuttage, sterilizing a cuttage bed 2 by using 1000 times of 70% hymexazol wettable powder and 500 times of 1.8% Xinjunan acetate aqueous solution as bactericides;
in step S3: the cutting time is 9 months, the mother plant of the cutting slips is watered thoroughly for one time 3 days before the cutting slips are cut, and 0.01 percent of 2,4-epibrassinolide 1500-fold liquid, monopotassium phosphate 1000-fold liquid and 25 percent pyraclostrobin 1000-fold liquid are sprayed on the leaf surfaces of the mother plant of the cutting slips for one time 2 days before the cutting slips are cut;
in step S4: cutting the collected branches into cutting slips with the length of 15cm and the diameter of more than 0.5cm, wherein the upper cutting opening is 1cm away from the bud at the uppermost end, flat cutting and flat cutting at the lower cutting opening, and the phloem is cut at a position 1cm away from the upper part of the lower cutting opening and horizontally cut at a position 1cm below the lower cutting opening, the cutting opening is 0.5cm in width, the xylem is exposed, each cutting slip is evenly cut at 3 positions, 2 blades are reserved for each cutting slip, and the cut cutting slips are placed in clear water for later use;
in step S5: the rooting agent is 1000mg/L potassium indolebutyrate, 500mg/L sodium naphthaleneacetate, 1.0 ml/L0.01% brassinolide and 1.0ml/L agricultural organosilicon;
in step S6: the processed cutting is vertically inserted into a cutting bed 2, the cutting depth is 4cm, and the density is that the front, the rear, the left and the right leaves are not shielded;
in step S7: after cuttage, a micro-spraying system is adopted to keep the humidity of the cuttage bed 2 and the leaves of the cuttage, the micro-spraying system sets micro-spraying time through automatic control equipment, the spraying time is set to be 15s every 8min in the daytime (7;
removing the sunshade net 7 after the callus is formed, setting the micro-spraying time to be 15s every 12min in the daytime (7-00;
after 10 days of cuttage, spraying 2000 times of mineral potassium fulvate solution to the leaves of the cutting every 10 days for 2 times.
After 30 days of cuttage, spraying 1000 times of monopotassium phosphate solution and 1000 times of urea solution to leaves of the cutting slips every 10 days for 2 times.
Comparative example 1
S1, processing a cutting stock plant: watering the stock plant of the cutting shoot thoroughly 2 days before cutting the cutting shoot, and spraying 0.01% of 2,4-epibrassinolide (1500 times), monopotassium phosphate (1000 times) and pyraclostrobin (25 times) on the leaf surface of the stock plant of the cutting shoot 1 day before cutting the cutting shoot.
S2, cutting seedbed preparation and treatment: the cuttage seedbed adopts a seedling raising facility that a small arched shed is sleeved with a greenhouse, the greenhouse is covered with a sunshade net with 50% of light transmittance, the small arched shed is covered with a plastic film with 0.08mm, a substrate with the thickness of 10-15cm is paved in the small arched shed to serve as the cuttage seedbed, the cuttage substrate adopts water-washed river sand, the substrate is leveled and thoroughly irrigated before cuttage, and then 70% hymexazol wettable powder 1000-fold liquid and 1.8% Xinjunan acetate water aqua 500-fold liquid are sprayed on the substrate for disinfection.
S3, cutting processing
The cuttage time is 5 months later, the cuttage stock plant is watered thoroughly for one time 2 days before the cutting shoot is cut, and 0.01% of 2,4-epibrassinolide 1500-fold liquid, monopotassium phosphate 1000-fold liquid and 25% pyraclostrobin 1000-fold liquid are sprayed on the leaf surface of the cutting shoot stock plant for one time 1 day before the cutting shoot is cut.
Selecting strong Eugenia caryophyllata branches which are healthy and have no diseases and insect pests and have plump lateral buds, cutting, quickly putting into a bucket containing a mixed aqueous solution of 1000 times of mineral source fulvic acid potassium and 0.01 percent of 2, 4-epibrassinolide 1500 times, and soaking for 1h.
S4, preparing cutting slips
Cutting the collected branches into cutting slips with the length of 12cm and the diameter of more than 0.5cm, wherein the distance between an upper cut and a bud at the uppermost end is 0.5cm, performing flat shearing at a lower cut, and performing flat shearing at a position 1cm away from the upper part of the lower cut at a position longitudinally downward from the lower cut to form a phloem, wherein the cutting width is 0.3cm, exposing a xylem, uniformly cutting 3 parts of each cutting slip, keeping 1 leaf blade for each cutting slip, and placing the cut cutting slips in clear water for later use.
S5, cutting treatment
Slightly controlling water of the cut cutting slips, putting 3cm of the base parts of the cutting slips into a rooting agent containing 800mg/L potassium indolebutyrate, 400mg/L sodium naphthaleneacetate, 0.7 ml/L0.01% brassinolide and 0.7ml/L agricultural organosilicon, dipping for 10s at a medium speed, and immediately cutting.
S6, cutting
The treated cutting slips are vertically inserted into a cutting seedbed, the cutting depth is 3cm, and the density is preferably that the front, the rear, the left and the right leaves are not mutually shielded.
And continuously spraying water to blades of the cutting slips in the cutting process to keep the blades moist, and immediately sealing the small arched shed by using a plastic film after the cutting is finished.
S7, management after insertion
Checking the temperature and humidity in the small arched shed and the dry and wet condition of the matrix every day from 5 days after cuttage, and controlling the air humidity in the shed to be more than 90% and the temperature to be below 32 ℃ by adopting an automatic temperature and humidity control system after cuttage;
spraying 2000 times of mineral source potassium fulvate solution to the cutting leaves every 7 days after 10 days of cutting, and continuously spraying for 3 times;
opening the small shed for ventilation for 1-2h every morning or evening after 20 days after cuttage;
after rooting, gradually increasing the ventilation opening, alternately spraying carbendazim and difenoconazole every 7 days to prevent diseases, and continuously spraying for 4 times;
spraying 1000 times of potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution and 1000 times of urea solution to the leaves of the cutting shoot every 10 days after 30 days of cutting, and continuously spraying for 3 times.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example carries out cuttage propagation on syringa vulgaris shoots, the basic steps are the same as those of the comparative example 1, and the difference is that in the step S2:
the cuttage seedbed adopts a seedling raising facility that a small arched shed is sleeved with a greenhouse, the greenhouse is covered with a sunshade net with 50% of light transmittance, the small arched shed is covered with a plastic film with 0.08mm, a substrate with the thickness of 10-15cm is paved in the small arched shed to serve as the cuttage seedbed, the cuttage substrate adopts washed river sand, the substrate is leveled before cuttage and is watered thoroughly, and then 0.1% potassium permanganate solution is sprayed to disinfect the substrate.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example carries out cuttage propagation on syringa vulgaris shoots, and the basic steps are the same as those of the example 1, except that in the step S3:
3 days before cutting the cutting, watering the cutting stock plant thoroughly, and 2 days before cutting the cutting, spraying 0.01%2,4-epibrassinolide 1500 times liquid, monopotassium phosphate 1000 times liquid and 25% pyraclostrobin 1000 times liquid on the leaf surface of the cutting stock plant.
Selecting strong Eugenia caryophyllata branches which are healthy and strong in the current year, have no diseases and insect pests and have plump lateral buds, cutting the Eugenia caryophyllata branches, quickly putting the Eugenia caryophyllata branches into a bucket filled with clear water, and keeping the branches and leaves moist.
Comparative example 4
The comparative example carries out cuttage propagation on syringa vulgaris shoots, and the basic steps are the same as those of the example 1, except that in the step S4: cutting the collected branches into cutting slips with the length of 8cm and the diameter of more than 0.5cm, wherein the distance between the upper cutting opening of each cutting slip and the bud at the uppermost end is 0.5cm, performing horizontal cutting, performing oblique cutting at the lower cutting opening to form a horseshoe shape, reserving 1 blade for each cutting slip, and placing the cut cutting slips in clear water for later use.
Comparative example 5
The comparative example performs cuttage propagation on syringa vulgaris twigs, and the basic steps are the same as those in the example 1, except that in the step S5: slightly controlling water of the cut cutting slips, putting 3cm of the base parts of the cutting slips into a rooting agent containing 800mg/L potassium indolebutyrate and 400mg/L sodium naphthaleneacetate, dipping for 10s at a medium speed, and immediately cutting.
Comparative example 6
The comparative example carries out cuttage propagation on syringa vulgaris shoots, and the basic steps are the same as those of the example 1, except that in the step S3: watering the stock plant of the cutting for one time to permeate water 2 days before cutting the cutting, and spraying 0.01 percent of 2,4-epibrassinolide 1500-fold liquid, monopotassium phosphate 1000-fold liquid and 25 percent pyraclostrobin 1000-fold liquid to the leaf surface of the stock plant of the cutting for one time 1 day before cutting the cutting.
Selecting healthy and strong syringa vulgaris branches without diseases and insect pests and full lateral buds in the current year, cutting the branches and leaves, quickly putting the branches and leaves into a bucket filled with clear water, and keeping the branches and leaves moist;
in step S4: cutting the collected branches into cutting slips with the length of 10cm and the diameter of more than 0.5cm, wherein the distance between the upper cutting opening of each cutting slip and the bud at the uppermost end is 0.5cm, performing horizontal cutting, and performing oblique cutting to form a horseshoe shape at the lower cutting opening, wherein 1 blade is reserved for each cutting slip, and the cut cutting slips are placed in clear water for later use;
in step S5: the cut cutting slips are controlled to be slightly watered, 3cm of the base parts of the cutting slips are placed into a rooting agent containing 800mg/L potassium indolebutyrate and 400mg/L sodium naphthaleneacetate, and the cutting slips are immediately cut by dipping the cutting slips in the rooting agent for 10s at a medium speed.
Comparative example 7
The comparative example carries out cuttage propagation on syringa vulgaris shoots, the basic steps are the same as those of the comparative example 2, and the difference is that in the step S3: watering the stock plant of the cutting for one time to permeate water 1 day before cutting the cutting, and spraying 0.01 percent of 2,4-epibrassinolide 1500-fold liquid, monopotassium phosphate 1000-fold liquid and 25 percent pyraclostrobin 1000-fold liquid to the leaf surface of the stock plant of the cutting for one time 1 day before cutting the cutting.
Selecting healthy and strong syringa vulgaris branches with no diseases and insect pests and full lateral buds in the current year, cutting the syringa vulgaris branches, quickly putting the syringa vulgaris branches into a bucket filled with clear water, and keeping the branches and leaves moist;
in step S4: cutting the collected branches into cutting slips with the length of 8cm and the diameter of more than 0.5cm, wherein the distance between the upper cutting opening of each cutting slip and the bud at the uppermost end is 1.0cm, performing horizontal cutting, and performing oblique cutting to form a horseshoe shape at the lower cutting opening, wherein 1 blade is reserved for each cutting slip, and the cut cutting slips are placed in clear water for later use;
in step S5: slightly controlling water of the cut cutting slips, putting 3cm of the base parts of the cutting slips into a rooting agent containing 800mg/L potassium indolebutyrate and 400mg/L sodium naphthaleneacetate, dipping for 10s at a medium speed, and immediately cutting.
Test results
The syringa oldhamiana is subjected to cutting seedling raising according to the cutting methods of the examples 1-3 and the comparative examples 1-7, 100 cutting slips are added in each group, 3 times are repeated, and the rotting rate, the rooting time and the rooting condition are counted. The test results are as follows:
TABLE 1
Treatment of Rot of riceRate/%) Rooting percentage/%) Root conditions Rooting time/d
Example 1 0.33 93.67 Long root system, large number and no partial root 30-46
Example 2 1.67 92.00 Long root system, large number and no partial root 31-47
Example 3 0.67 94.00 Long root system, large number and no partial root 30-45
Comparative example 1 11.33 77.67 Short root system, large number and no partial root 40-56
Comparative example 2 36.33 45.33 Short root system, small quantity and no partial root 44-60
Comparative example 3 13.33 67.67 Short root system, small quantity and no partial root 40-57
Comparative example 4 9.33 70.00 Short root system, small quantity, partial root 38-55
Comparative example 5 9.67 66.67 Short root system, small quantity and no partial root 40-54
Comparative example 6 23.00 49.33 Short root system, small quantity, partial root 42-57
Comparative example 7 50.33 25.67 Short root system, small quantity, partial root 45-60
As can be seen from table 1, the method of examples 1 to 3 of the present invention enables the caryophylli to undergo shoot cutting in the late 5 th to the early 9 th months, and the rot rate of the cutting shoot is less than 2%, the rooting rate is 92% or more, and the rooting time is shortened to 30 to 47 d.
In conclusion, the efficient cutting seedling method for the syringa vulgaris twig increases the ventilation of cutting facilities, reduces the rotting rate of the cutting slips, shortens the time required by rooting, improves the rooting rate and stability of the cutting slips, avoids the phenomenon of deviating roots and ensures the uniformity of rooting positions.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (8)

1. An efficient Eugenia caryophyllata twig cutting seedling method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing a cuttage facility, wherein the cuttage facility comprises a cuttage pool and an installation frame, a cuttage bed is arranged in the cuttage pool and comprises a stone layer, a gauze layer and a river sand layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, a sunshade net covers the top of the installation frame, and a micro-spraying system is installed in the installation frame;
s2, treating the cuttage bed, namely disinfecting the cuttage bed by using a bactericide 1-2 days before cuttage;
s3, treating cuttings, namely watering the stock plant of the cuttings once to permeate water 2-3 days before the cuttings are cut, and spraying 0.01% of 2,4-epibrassinolide 1500-fold liquid, 1000-fold potassium dihydrogen phosphate liquid and 1000-fold 25% pyraclostrobin liquid to the leaf surfaces of the stock plant of the cuttings once 1-2 days before the cuttings are cut;
selecting strong and healthy syringa vulgaris branches which have no plant diseases and insect pests and have plump lateral buds, quickly putting the branches after shearing into a bucket containing mixed aqueous solution of 1000 times of mineral-derived fulvic acid potassium and 0.01 percent of 2, 4-epibrassinolide 1500 times, and soaking for one hour;
s4, preparing cutting slips, cutting the processed cutting slips into cutting slips with the length of 12-15cm and the diameter of more than 0.5cm, reserving 1-2 blades on each cutting slip, then horizontally cutting an upper cut and a lower cut, horizontally cutting a phloem from a position 1cm above the lower cut along the longitudinal direction to the lower cut, wherein the cutting width is 0.3-0.5cm, exposing a xylem, uniformly cutting 3 positions of each cutting slip, and placing the cut cutting slips in clean water for later use;
s5, cutting, namely controlling water of the cutting, and then placing 3cm of the base part of the cutting in a prepared rooting agent for dipping for 10S at an intermediate speed;
s6, cutting, wherein the processed cutting is vertically inserted into a cutting bed, the cutting depth is 3-4cm, the density is that the front, the rear, the left and the right leaves are not shielded, and water is continuously sprayed to the leaves of the cutting in the cutting process;
and S7, managing after cuttage.
2. The efficient syringa vulgaris twig cutting seedling raising method according to claim 1, wherein the specific steps of management after cutting comprise:
s7.1, after cuttage, maintaining the humidity of leaves on the cuttage bed and the cutting slips by adopting a micro-spraying system, spraying for 15S every 6-10 min in the daytime, spraying for 15S every 60min at night, spraying for 15S every 30min when the daytime is a cloudy day, and stopping when the rainy day occurs;
s7.2, removing the sunshade net after callus formation, setting micro-spraying time to spray 15S every 10-15 min in the daytime, spraying 15S every 80min at night, spraying 15S every 45min in the cloudy day, and stopping when raining;
s7.3, after 10 days of cuttage, spraying 2000 times of mineral source fulvic acid potassium solution to the leaves of the cutting every 7-10 days for 2-3 times;
s7.4, after 30 days of cuttage, spraying 1000 times of monopotassium phosphate solution and 1000 times of urea solution to leaves of the cutting slips every 10 days, and continuously spraying for 2-3 times.
3. The method for raising Eugenia caryophyllata twig by cutting with high efficiency as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cutting pond comprises an outer pond wall with four rectangular surfaces, a spacing pond wall is arranged in the middle of the cutting pond and extends along the length direction of the cutting pond, the cutting bed is arranged on each side of the spacing pond wall, each of the outer pond wall and the spacing pond wall is built by an upper brick layer and a lower brick layer, each of the upper brick layer and the lower brick layer comprises a plurality of sequentially arranged light bricks, cement mortar is filled between each light brick and the ground and between the light bricks adjacent to the light brick, and two water seepage holes are formed in the cement mortar below each light brick.
4. The efficient Eugenia caryophyllata twig cutting seedling raising method according to claim 3, wherein the mounting frame comprises a plurality of arched frameworks, the arched frameworks are sequentially arranged along the length direction of the cutting pool, the distance between every two adjacent arched frameworks is the same, two ends of each arched framework are fixed in the cutting pool, all the arched frameworks are jointly provided with transverse frameworks, and each transverse framework extends along the length direction of the cutting pool.
5. The method for raising Eugenia caryophyllata shoots through efficient cutting according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the micro-spraying system comprises two micro-spraying nozzle groups installed in the installation frame, one micro-spraying nozzle group is arranged above the middle position of each cuttage bed, each micro-spraying nozzle group comprises a plurality of G-shaped atomizing micro-spraying nozzles sequentially arranged along the length direction of the cuttage pond, and each G-shaped atomizing micro-spraying nozzle is connected with a water inlet pipe.
6. The efficient cutting seedling method for the syringa vulgaris twig according to claim 1, wherein the bactericide adopts 1000 times of solution of 70% hymexazol wettable powder and 500 times of solution of 1.8% Xinjunan acetate aqueous solution.
7. The efficient cutting seedling raising method for the syringa vulgaris shoots as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rooting agent is a mixed aqueous solution of 800-1000mg/L potassium indolebutyrate, 400-500mg/L sodium naphthaleneacetate, 0.7-1.0 ml/L0.01% brassinolide and 0.7-1.0ml/L agricultural silicone.
8. The efficient syringa vulgaris twig cutting seedling method according to claim 1, wherein the light transmittance of the sunshade net is 50%.
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