CN115399485A

CN115399485A - Small-size palmetto hemp seed huller

Info

Publication number: CN115399485A
Application number: CN202211181983.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 廖小芳; 赵艳红; 侯文焕; 唐兴富
Original assignee: Guangxi Zhuang Nationality Autonomous Region Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Current assignee: Guangxi Zhuang Nationality Autonomous Region Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Priority date: 2022-09-27
Filing date: 2022-09-27
Publication date: 2022-11-29
Anticipated expiration: 2042-09-27
Also published as: CN115399485B

Abstract

The invention discloses a small-sized sheller for Bama hemp seeds, which relates to the technical field of shelling and comprises a rack, wherein a shell is arranged on the rack, two slotted rollers and two shelling rollers are rotatably arranged on the shell, the slotted rollers and the shelling rollers are arranged in a vertically corresponding manner, the two slotted rollers are in transmission connection, the two shelling rollers are in transmission connection, the slotted rollers and the shelling rollers are both in transmission connection with a first driver fixedly arranged on the shell, a blanking mechanism is arranged above the shell and is arranged in a corresponding manner with the two slotted rollers, a hopper is arranged above the blanking mechanism, a material guide groove is arranged below the shell and is arranged in a corresponding manner with the two shelling rollers, a centrifugal separator is arranged on the rack and is matched with the material guide groove, and openings which are respectively corresponding to the blanking mechanism and the material guide groove are arranged above and below the shell. The problem of the prior art adopt the extrusion shelling mode to cause the broken of fructus cannabis, the shelling is not thorough because can not satisfy the rotational speed requirement of centrifugal shelling mode is solved.

Description

Small-size palmetto hemp seed grain peel machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of hulling, in particular to a small-sized bastard speedwell huller.

Background

Fructus Cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.) is a herbaceous plant in Cannabis of Moraceae, and its kernel is hulled to obtain fructus Cannabis, which is rich in plant protein, lecithin and a large amount of microelements essential to human body such as vitamin E, selenium, zinc, manganese, germanium, etc. for delaying aging, and has the reputation of "longevity Shengzi". The hemp seed oil squeezed from the hemp seeds is called as the longevity oil and is recommended as the plant oil with the most development value by the food and oil research agency of the United nations. The fructus cannabis needs to be shelled before being processed into fructus cannabis, and because the shells of the fructus cannabis are hard and thin, and the shells tightly wrap the fructus cannabis together, the fructus cannabis is difficult to be completely removed in the processing process, so that the taste is greatly influenced, and the nutritional value is reduced. In the past, manual shelling is mainly relied on, the efficiency is low, and a large amount of manpower and material resources are wasted. In the sheller in the prior art, a centrifugal shelling method is mostly utilized by a large-scale sheller, a better shelling effect can be generated, but in a small-scale sheller with lower cost, because the rotating speed of a motor is limited, a centrifugal shelling mode is not applicable, so that an extruding shelling mode is mostly adopted by the small-scale sheller, but the extruding shelling mode easily causes the phenomenon that fructus cannabis is extruded and flattened or damaged.

CN212911574U discloses a fructus cannabis sheller, which comprises a support plate and is characterized in that: the utility model discloses a ventilation pipe, including backup pad fixed connection U frame, backup pad fixed connection symmetry, L shape pole, symmetry the L shape pole is the fixed connection box respectively, U frame fixed connection drum, the drum is provided with the air intake, the one end of the fixed intercommunication tuber pipe of drum, the other end intercommunication of ventilation pipe the box, the box corresponds ventilation pipe fixed connection swash plate, the fixed intercommunication feed inlet in upper end of box, the fixed intercommunication discharge gate of lower extreme of box, the discharge gate is provided with the notch, the dead lever of discharge gate fixed connection symmetry, box fixed connection motor support, motor support fixed connection removes shell mechanism. Utilize the mechanism of shelling to go out the shelling operation among this scheme, but cause the damaged phenomenon of fructus cannabis easily in the in-service use in-process, still can exist simultaneously because of extrusion deformation leads to the phenomenon that shell, grain separation are incomplete.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a small-sized hemp seed huller, which solves the problems of broken hemp seeds and incomplete hulling caused by an extrusion hulling mode because the small-sized hemp seed huller in the prior art cannot meet the rotating speed requirement of a centrifugal hulling mode.

The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: the utility model provides a small-size bama hemp seed grain peel machine, which comprises a frame, be equipped with the casing in the frame, it is equipped with two roller bearings that crack and two shell roller bearings to rotate on the casing, and crack the roller bearing and set up with shell roller bearing correspondence from top to bottom, two crack the transmission between the roller bearing and connect, two drive connections between the shell roller bearing, crack the roller bearing and open the shell roller bearing and all be connected with the first driver transmission of fixed setting on the casing, the casing top is equipped with unloading mechanism, and unloading mechanism corresponds the setting with two roller bearings that crack, unloading mechanism top is equipped with the hopper, the casing below is equipped with the baffle box, and the baffle box corresponds the setting with two shell roller bearings, be equipped with centrifugal separator in the frame, and centrifugal separator cooperatees with the baffle box, be equipped with the opening that corresponds with unloading mechanism and baffle box respectively from top to bottom of the casing.

Preferably, the slotting roller comprises a first shaft body, a plurality of V-shaped grooves are formed in the first shaft body, and a slotting cutter is arranged inside the V-shaped grooves. The shell opening roller comprises a second shaft body, wherein a plurality of arc-shaped grooves are formed in the second shaft body and correspond to the V-shaped grooves.

Further, between two primary shaft bodies, all pass the casing between two secondary shaft bodies and connect through gear pair transmission, be connected through synchronous belt drive between primary shaft body and the secondary shaft body with one side, primary shaft body passes through synchronous belt drive with the fixed first driver of establishing at the casing lateral wall and is connected.

Preferably, the hopper lower part is equipped with the opening, is equipped with a plurality of partition panels in the opening, and separates into a plurality of feed openings through the partition panel, and the feed opening corresponds the setting with unloading mechanism.

Preferably, the blanking mechanism comprises a plurality of closing parts connected with the blanking opening, a material pipe with an oval cross section is connected below the closing parts, the material pipe is matched with the slotting roller, a first baffle is arranged on the shell in a sliding mode, and the first baffle is matched with the material pipe to open and close the material pipe.

Preferably, the centrifugal separator comprises an annular roller fixedly arranged on the rack, the annular roller is matched with the material guide groove, a crushing frame is rotatably arranged in the annular roller, and the crushing frame is in transmission connection with a second driver fixedly arranged on the rack; the bottom of the annular roller is provided with an opening, and the opening is provided with a second baffle in a sliding way.

Furthermore, the crushing frame comprises two correspondingly arranged connecting rings, a plurality of fillets are uniformly distributed between the two connecting rings, and one connecting ring is coaxially arranged with the main shaft of the second driver and is fixedly connected with the main shaft of the second driver.

Preferably, the lower part of the material guide groove is narrowed and extends into the annular roller. The first driver is a servo motor, and the second driver is a high-speed motor.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: by arranging the hopper and the blanking mechanism, the blanking process of the hemp seeds can be controlled, and the postures of the hemp seeds can be adjusted for subsequent processing; the hemp seeds can be slotted by arranging the slotting roller, so that the shell of the hemp seeds is opened; the shell opening roller is arranged, so that the hemp seeds with the openings can be extruded, and the shells are separated from the hemp seeds; can gather together the hemp seed grain of extrusion through setting up the baffle box, the water conservancy diversion is to the centrifugal separator in, finally make the hemp seed kernel thoroughly break away from the shell through the centrifugal separator, realize the process of shelling, the broken rate of the hemp seed kernel of processing out through this scheme is extremely low, the shelling effect is better, and through the earlier crack that goes on, the extrusion process again, can avoid direct extrusion to cause the condition that the hemp seed kernel is extruded damaged, make the hemp seed kernel separate with the shell more easily simultaneously, rethread centrifugal separator passes through centrifugal mode shelling, reduce the motor speed requirement to small-size equipment, miniature hemp seed grain sheller has been solved among the prior art and has been caused the hemp seed kernel damaged because of adopting the extrusion shelling mode because of the rotational speed requirement that can not satisfy centrifugal shelling mode, and the not thorough problem of shelling.

Drawings

In order to illustrate the embodiments of the invention more clearly, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be derived from them by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort.

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a slotted roller structure according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the open-shell roller according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a hopper according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a blanking mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the throat and the material tube of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a centrifugal separator according to the invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the crushing frame structure of the present invention;

in the figure: 2: slotting roller, 3: open shell roller, 4: first driver, 5: hopper, 6: material guide groove, 7: centrifugal separator, 11: frame, 12: a housing, 21: first shaft body, 22: v-shaped groove, 23: slotting cutter, 32: second shaft body, 33: arc-shaped groove, 51: first baffle, 52: partition panel, 53: closing part, 54: material pipe, 71: annular roller, 72: second driver, 73: second shutter, 74: crushing frame, 75: connection ring, 76: fillet, 77: a connecting rod.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, in embodiment 1, a small-sized dehuller for bama hemp seeds comprises a frame 11, a housing 12 is arranged on the frame 11, two slitting rollers 2 and two shelling rollers 3 are rotatably arranged on the housing 12, the slitting rollers 2 and the shelling rollers 3 are arranged in an up-and-down corresponding manner, the two slitting rollers 2 are in transmission connection, the two shelling rollers 3 are in transmission connection, and the slitting rollers 2 and the shelling rollers 3 are both in transmission connection with a first driver 4 fixedly arranged on the housing 12. The slotting roller can slot the hemp seeds to enable the hemp seed shells to be opened; the shell opening roller can extrude the hemp seeds with the openings, so that the shells are separated from the hemp seeds. The upper part of the shell 12 is provided with a discharging mechanism which is arranged corresponding to the two slotting rollers 2, the upper part of the discharging mechanism is provided with a hopper 5, the discharging process of the hemp seeds is controllable by the hopper and the discharging mechanism, and the postures of the hemp seeds can be adjusted for subsequent processing. A material guide groove 6 is arranged below the shell 12, the material guide groove 6 corresponds to the two shell-opening rollers 3, a centrifugal separator 7 is arranged on the frame 11, the centrifugal separator 7 is matched with the material guide groove 6, and openings corresponding to the blanking mechanism and the material guide groove 6 are respectively arranged at the upper part and the lower part of the shell 12. The baffle box can gather together extruded fructus cannabis seed grain, the water conservancy diversion is to the centrifugal separator in, finally make the fructus cannabis thoroughly break away from the shell through the centrifugal separator, realize the process of shelling, the fructus cannabis breakage rate of processing out through this scheme is extremely low, the shelling effect is better, and through earlier going on crack, the extrusion process again, can better make fructus cannabis and shell separation, separate the shelling through centrifugal mode at last, the motor speed requirement to the small-size equipment has been reduced, it causes the fructus cannabis damage only to rely on the extrusion mode shelling to have avoided, and the not thorough problem of shelling.

When the device is applied, hemp seeds are added into the hopper, the hopper is opened during processing to match with the blanking mechanism for blanking, the blanking mechanism adjusts the posture of the hemp seeds to enable the hemp seeds to be in the optimal slotting posture, the hemp seeds fall between the two slotting rollers, the first driver drives the slotting rollers to slot the hemp seeds, an opening is formed in a shell of the hemp seeds, the opened hemp seeds fall between the two slotting rollers, the two slotting rollers extrude the hemp seeds with the opening, the shell is further broken, the broken hemp seeds are gathered through the guide groove and enter the centrifugal separator, and the centrifugal separator works to enable the hemp seeds to be thoroughly separated from the shell, so that the shelling process is realized. After the processing is finished, taking out the mixture of the separated fructus cannabis and the shells from centrifugal separation, and carrying out conventional screening or sorting process to obtain the shelled fructus cannabis.

As shown in fig. 3, in embodiment 2, based on embodiment 1, the slitting roller 2 includes a first shaft body 21, a plurality of V-shaped grooves 22 are formed on the first shaft body 21, and a slitting knife 23 is disposed inside the V-shaped grooves 22. After the cannabis sativa seed grain falls down from the hopper, the posture is adjusted under the guidance of the V-shaped grooves, along with the rotation of the first shaft bodies, the cannabis sativa seed grain moves down between the V-shaped grooves corresponding to the two first shaft bodies, and the slotting cutter opens the cannabis sativa seed grain shell to realize slotting.

The shell opening roller 3 comprises a second shaft body 32, wherein a plurality of arc-shaped grooves 33 are formed in the second shaft body 32 and correspond to the V-shaped grooves 22. The shell is fallen into the arc wall department between two second shaft bodies that correspond by the kenaf seed grain of cutting, and the second shaft body rotates, and kenaf seed grain moves down along the arc wall, and two arc walls extrusion kenaf seed grain make the shell break the degree grow to make shell inner wall and hemp seed outer wall separation.

Further, between two first axle bodies 21, all pass casing 12 between two second axle bodies 32 and connect through gear pair transmission, be connected through synchronous belt drive between the first axle body 21 and the second axle body 32 with one side, first axle body 21 passes through synchronous belt drive with fixed first driver 4 of establishing at casing 12 lateral wall and is connected, and first driver 4 is servo motor. The servo motor has better stability and higher torque, and can meet the requirements of extrusion and slotting operations.

When the synchronous belt type motor is applied, the first driver drives one of the first shaft bodies to rotate, the first shaft body drives the other first shaft body to move relatively through the gear pair, meanwhile, the first shaft body drives one of the second shaft bodies to rotate through the synchronous belt, and the second shaft body drives the other second shaft body to rotate through the gear pair.

As shown in fig. 4, 5, and 6, in embodiment 3, in addition to embodiment 2, an opening is provided in the lower portion of the hopper 5, a plurality of partition plates 52 are provided in the opening, and the opening is partitioned into a plurality of discharge ports by the partition plates 52, and the discharge ports are provided corresponding to the discharge mechanism. The blanking mechanism comprises a plurality of closing parts 53 connected with the blanking opening, and a material pipe 54 with an oval cross section is connected below the closing parts 53. Closing in portion 53 plays the feed opening and manages the intercommunication effect, and the opening that is separated by the partition panel is the rectangle opening, and it is oval material pipe that the material pipe is, and closing in portion one end is rectangle, the other end and material pipe correspondence for oval to play exact connection effect and guide effect. The housing 12 is slidably provided with a first baffle 51, and the first baffle 51 is matched with the material pipe 54 to open and close the material pipe 54. The material pipe 54 is arranged corresponding to a pair of V-shaped grooves of the two slotting rollers 2, so that the hemp seeds can fall between the corresponding pair of V-shaped grooves through the material pipe.

In this embodiment, the material pipe 54 is an elliptical material pipe, the hemp seeds are flat seeds, and have two edge ridges, after the hemp seeds fall into the material pipe through the closing-up portion, the posture of the hemp seeds is adjusted under the elliptical guiding action of the material pipe, and the two edge ridges of the hemp seeds respectively correspond to the slitting knives in the two V-shaped grooves, so that the slitting knives can cut the edge ridges of the hemp seeds after the hemp seeds fall.

When blanking is needed, the first baffle is pulled out, so that the lower part of the material pipe 54 is opened to realize blanking. When the blanking is stopped, the first baffle plate is inserted below the material pipe so as to close the material pipe.

As shown in fig. 7, in embodiment 4, based on embodiment 3, the centrifugal separator 7 includes an annular roller 71 fixedly disposed on the frame 11, the annular roller 71 is disposed in cooperation with the material guiding chute 6, a crushing frame 74 is rotatably disposed in the annular roller 71, and the crushing frame 74 is in transmission connection with a second driver 72 fixedly disposed on the frame 11; the bottom of the annular roller 71 is provided with an opening, and a second baffle 73 is arranged at the opening in a sliding manner. The second baffle can realize the open and close of the opening through sliding.

Further, as shown in fig. 8, the crushing frame 74 includes two corresponding connecting rings 75, the outer diameter of the connecting rings is smaller than the inner diameter of the annular roller, a plurality of ribs 76 are evenly distributed between the two connecting rings 75, and the gap between each rib and the inner wall of the annular roller is smaller than the thickness of the hemp seeds. One of the connecting rings 75 is coaxially disposed with the main shaft of the second driver 72, and is fixedly connected to the main shaft, in this embodiment, the main shaft of the second driver penetrates into the annular roller, and a collar is fixedly disposed at an end of the main shaft, and the collar is connected to one of the connecting rings through a circumferentially disposed connecting rod 77. The lower portion of the material guide chute 6 is narrowed and extended into the inside of the ring drum 71. The second driver is a high-speed motor and can quickly drive the crushing frame to rotate.

When the embodiment is applied, the extruded hemp seeds flow into the annular roller under the action of the guide chute, the second driver drives the crushing frame to rotate, the crushing frame stirs the hemp seeds, the hemp seeds continuously roll under the centrifugal action and collide with the fillets of the crushing frame, so that the opened shell is separated from the hemp seeds, and the separation efficiency can be improved by arranging the plurality of fillets. Stopping rotation after separation, moving the second baffle to expose the opening, taking the mixture of fructus Cannabis and hull out of the opening, and separating the mixture by conventional sorting method or sieving method to obtain fructus Cannabis.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, which is intended to cover any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. within the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A small-size palmetto hemp seed huller which is characterized in that: the automatic feeding device comprises a rack (11), a shell (12) is arranged on the rack (11), two slotting roller shafts (2) and two shell opening roller shafts (3) are arranged on the shell (12) in a rotating mode, the slotting roller shafts (2) and the shell opening roller shafts (3) are arranged in a vertically corresponding mode, the two slotting roller shafts (2) are connected in a transmission mode, the two shell opening roller shafts (3) are connected in a transmission mode, the slotting roller shafts (2) and the shell opening roller shafts (3) are connected with a first driver (4) fixedly arranged on the shell (12) in a transmission mode, a discharging mechanism is arranged above the shell (12) and corresponds to the two slotting roller shafts (2), a hopper (5) is arranged above the discharging mechanism, a guide chute (6) is arranged below the shell (12), the guide chute (6) and the two shell opening roller shafts (3) are arranged in a corresponding mode, a centrifugal separator (7) is arranged on the rack (11), the centrifugal separator (7) is matched with the guide chute (6), and openings corresponding to the discharging mechanism and the guide chute (6) are arranged above and below the shell (12).

2. The small bastard seed sheller of claim 1 wherein: the slotting roller (2) comprises a first shaft body (21), a plurality of V-shaped grooves (22) are formed in the first shaft body (21), and a slotting cutter (23) is arranged inside each V-shaped groove (22).

3. The small bastard seed sheller of claim 2, wherein: the shell opening roller (3) comprises a second shaft body (32), a plurality of arc-shaped grooves (33) are formed in the second shaft body (32), and the arc-shaped grooves (33) are arranged corresponding to the V-shaped grooves (22).

4. The small bastard seed sheller of claim 3, wherein: between two first axle bodies (21), all pass casing (12) and connect through gear pair transmission between two second axle bodies (32), be connected through synchronous belt drive between first axle body (21) and the second axle body (32) of same side, first axle body (21) and fixed first driver (4) of establishing at casing (12) lateral wall are connected through synchronous belt drive.

5. The small baima kernel huller as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: hopper (5) lower part is equipped with the opening, is equipped with a plurality of partition panel (52) in the opening, and separates into a plurality of feed openings through partition panel (52), and the feed opening corresponds the setting with unloading mechanism.

6. The small bastard seed sheller of claim 5, wherein: the blanking mechanism comprises a plurality of closing parts (53) connected with the blanking opening, a material pipe (54) with an oval cross section is connected below the closing parts (53), the material pipe (54) is matched with the slotted roller (2), a first baffle (51) is arranged on the shell (12) in a sliding mode, and the first baffle (51) is matched with the material pipe (54) to realize opening and closing of the material pipe (54).

7. The small bastard seed sheller of claim 6, wherein: the centrifugal separator (7) comprises an annular roller (71) fixedly arranged on a rack (11), the annular roller (71) is matched with the material guide groove (6), a crushing frame (74) is rotationally arranged in the annular roller (71), and the crushing frame (74) is in transmission connection with a second driver (72) fixedly arranged on the rack (11); the bottom of the annular roller (71) is provided with an opening, and a second baffle plate (73) is arranged at the opening in a sliding manner.

8. The small bastard seed sheller of claim 7, wherein: the crushing frame (74) comprises two correspondingly arranged connecting rings (75), a plurality of fillets (76) are uniformly distributed between the two connecting rings (75), one connecting ring (75) is coaxially arranged with the main shaft of the second driver (72), and the two connecting rings are fixedly connected.

9. The small bast seed sheller of claim 8, wherein: the lower part of the material guide groove (6) is narrowed and extends into the annular roller (71).

10. The small bastard seed sheller of claim 9 wherein: the first driver (4) is a servo motor, and the second driver (72) is a high-speed motor.