CN115399191A - Preparation method and industrialized cultivation method of stropharia rugoso-annulata cultivation material - Google Patents
Preparation method and industrialized cultivation method of stropharia rugoso-annulata cultivation material Download PDFInfo
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- CN115399191A CN115399191A CN202211208532.5A CN202211208532A CN115399191A CN 115399191 A CN115399191 A CN 115399191A CN 202211208532 A CN202211208532 A CN 202211208532A CN 115399191 A CN115399191 A CN 115399191A
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- cultivation
- annulata
- stropharia rugoso
- culture
- lime
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 241000958510 Stropharia rugosoannulata Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000121220 Tricholoma matsutake Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- -1 and taking sawdust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036983 biotransformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/40—Cultivation of spawn
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of stropharia rugoso-annulata cultivation, in particular to a preparation method and an industrialized cultivation method of a stropharia rugoso-annulata cultivation material, which comprises a main material and an auxiliary material, wherein the main material and the auxiliary material are mixed; the main materials comprise 3 parts by weight of sawdust, bamboo chips and chaff; the auxiliary materials comprise lime, the lime accounts for 1% of the weight of the main materials, the culture material and the cultivation mode adopted by the cultivation method shorten the fungus running time of the hypha of the cultivation material and reduce the pollution rate of the culture material compared with the traditional stropharia rugoso-annulata cultivation mode, the temperature and the humidity are controlled by utilizing a facility control method, the fungus running time and the fruiting time are greatly shortened, the purpose of annual production of the stropharia rugoso-annulata is realized, and the economic benefit of an enterprise is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of stropharia rugoso-annulata cultivation, in particular to a preparation method and an industrialized cultivation method of a stropharia rugoso-annulata cultivation material.
Background
The stropharia rugoso-annulata is commonly called the stropharia rugoso-annulata, the kidney-tonifying mushroom and the Caiyun mushroom, is also called as the red tricholoma matsutake because of the shape similar to the tricholoma matsutake, has bright color, tender meat quality, crisp cover handle, delicate fragrance and delicious taste and rich nutrition, is one of ten transaction mushrooms in the international edible mushroom market, has good commodity, smooth, tender and crisp mushroom quality and rich nutrition, is suitable for various cooks and is popular with consumers.
The existing stropharia rugoso-annulata cultivation mode is characterized in that the field cultivation is abundant, the facility temperature control cultivation is not on a large scale, the cultivation materials mainly adopt outdoor fermentation and are greatly influenced by climate, the phenomenon that the stropharia rugoso-annulata does not go out in summer and the fruiting time is long is caused, and therefore the reduction of the stropharia rugoso-annulata fruiting time is carried out, the requirement for annual production is met, and the goal of the stropharia rugoso-annulata fruiting in summer is achieved, and the method has important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the following problems in the prior art: the existing stropharia rugoso-annulata cultivation mode is characterized in that field cultivation is abundant, the scale of protected temperature control cultivation is not available, cultivation materials mainly adopt outdoor fermentation and are greatly influenced by weather, and the phenomenon that the stropharia rugoso-annulata does not go out in summer and the fruiting time is long is caused.
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of a stropharia rugoso-annulata cultivation material, which comprises main materials and auxiliary materials, wherein the main materials and the auxiliary materials are mixed;
the main materials comprise 3 parts by weight of sawdust, bamboo chips and chaff;
the auxiliary material comprises lime, and the lime accounts for 1% of the weight of the main material.
The method for industrially cultivating the stropharia rugoso-annulata by using the cultivation material comprises the following specific steps:
1) The cultivation material is flatly paved in a fermentation tunnel, the humidity of the cultivation material is adjusted to 60% -70%, and the cultivation material is moved into a room after fermentation is completed;
2) Preparing stropharia rugoso-annulata strains by adopting a culture material, and placing the stropharia rugoso-annulata strains on the surface of the culture material paved in the step 1;
3) Controlling the indoor temperature to be 20-25 ℃ and the carbon dioxide concentration to be less than 1000ppm for culturing the bacteria;
4) And (4) after the cultivation material is filled with the hypha of the stropharia rugoso-annulata strain in the step (3), covering soil, and keeping the indoor temperature at 15-20 ℃ and the humidity at 80%.
Preferably, the culture material comprises, by weight, 37% of sawdust, 20% of bran, 40% of corncobs, 1% of gypsum, 1% of white sugar and 1% of lime.
Preferably, the temperature of the hyphae is adjusted to 5-10 ℃ after the hyphae climb out of the covering soil layer.
Compared with the related technology, the preparation method and the industrialized cultivation method of the stropharia rugoso-annulata cultivation material provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
compared with the traditional stropharia rugoso-annulata planting mode, the culture material and the cultivation mode adopted by the invention shorten the fungus running time of the hypha of the culture material, reduce the pollution rate of the culture material, utilize a facility control method, control the temperature and the humidity, greatly shorten the fungus running time and the fruiting time, realize the purpose of annual production of the stropharia rugoso-annulata and improve the economic benefit of enterprises.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Specific implementations of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
The preparation method of the stropharia rugoso-annulata cultivation material comprises the following steps of mixing a main material and an auxiliary material;
the main materials comprise wood chips, bamboo chips and chaff in a weight ratio of 3;
the auxiliary materials comprise lime, and the lime accounts for 1% of the weight of the main materials;
the culture material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 37% of wood chips, 20% of bran, 40% of corncobs, 1% of gypsum, 1% of white sugar and 1% of lime;
the method for the industrialized cultivation of the stropharia rugoso-annulata by using the culture material comprises the following steps:
the culture material is adopted to prepare strains, the strain running time of the culture seeds can be shortened by 5-10 days by adopting the formula, the strain running time of hyphae of the culture material can be shortened by adopting a method that the culture material is fermented through a fermentation tunnel, the temperature and the humidity are controlled by utilizing a facility control method, the strain running time and the fruiting time are greatly shortened, the strain running time and the fruiting time can be finished in advance by 5-10 days, the purpose of annual production of the stropharia rugoso-annulata is realized, and the economic benefit of an enterprise is improved;
the method comprises the steps of selecting 37% of sawdust, 20% of bran, 40% of corncob, 1% of gypsum and 1% of white sugar through a whole set of links from strain preparation to fruiting management and the like. Preparing strains by using a culture material with 1% of lime, and taking sawdust, bamboo chips, chaff and 1% (by weight) of lime with the specific gravity of 3;
promoting the growth of hypha, shortening the hypha-removing time from the hypha-removing link, keeping the water temperature of a circulating pipeline at 70-75 ℃ by a fermentation tunnel fermentation method, keeping the temperature of a fermented material at about 40-60 ℃, and ventilating for 15 days in a circulating manner to complete full fermentation;
greatly shortening the fermentation time, improving the fermentation efficiency, shortening the mycelium running time by 5 days, putting the fermented culture material into a 0.2 x 1m turnover frame according to 3-4 kg/frame dry matter, adjusting the water content of the culture material to about 60% -70%, sowing the strain to the material surface, putting the culture material into a bacteria culture room for culturing the bacteria at 20-25 ℃, wherein the concentration of carbon dioxide is less than 1000ppm.
The frame cultivation mode is adopted for cultivation, pollution can be effectively prevented, the phenomenon that mushroom does not grow due to large-area pollution is prevented, the mushroom growing rate is improved, the soil is covered after the hypha grows full, the biotransformation rate can be improved, the temperature of a mushroom growing room is controlled to be 15-20 ℃, the humidity is controlled to be 80%, after the hypha climbs to the surface of a soil layer, the temperature difference stimulation of 5-10 ℃ of temperature difference is adopted, primordium is promoted to be formed as soon as possible, and the mushroom growing time of factory cultivation is shortened.
Two groups of culture mediums are arranged for the contrast culture of the stropharia rugoso-annulata, and the same batch of stropharia rugoso-annulata strains are selected and divided into two groups;
example one
Preparing a culture medium: 40% of wood chips, 20% of corncobs, 20% of rice hulls and 20% of straws, wherein the pure culture materials are adopted, the stropharia rugoso-annulata strains are inoculated to the surface of the culture medium for outdoor fermentation, the temperature is kept at 20-26 ℃, and the diameter and the length of hyphae are measured every 3 hours;
example two
Preparing culture materials of 37% of sawdust, 20% of bran, 40% of corncobs, 1% of gypsum, 1% of white sugar and 1% of lime, and flatly spreading the culture materials in a turnover frame;
wood chips, bamboo chips, chaff and 1 wt% of lime with the specific gravity of 3.
Hypha diameter measurement method: after hyphae grow, measuring the diameter of a bacterial colony by a cross method, measuring for 1 time every 3d, taking an average value, and calculating the average growth speed of the hyphae, wherein the calculation formula of the average growth speed of the hyphae is as follows: hypha average growth rate = colony diameter (cm) ÷ 2/hypha growth time (d);
the method for measuring the hypha production length comprises the following steps: observing the hypha eating condition every 3d after the hypha is covered, beginning to draw a line for the first time when the hypha eats a certain height, drawing a line for the second time after the hypha fills the bag, randomly selecting 3 positions, measuring the growth height between two lines, and taking an average value;
TABLE 1 comparison of mycelial diameter growth of stropharia rugosoannulata strains tested
TABLE 2 comparison of hypha growth of cultivars of stropharia rugosoannulata strains tested
Based on tables 1 and 2, the growth rate, the silk production efficiency and the silk production density of the stropharia rugosoannulata strain of the second example are higher than those of the first example.
Claims (4)
1. The preparation method of the stropharia rugoso-annulata cultivation material comprises the steps of mixing a main material and an auxiliary material;
the main materials comprise 3 parts by weight of sawdust, bamboo chips and chaff;
the auxiliary material comprises lime, and the lime accounts for 1% of the weight of the main material.
2. The method for industrially cultivating stropharia rugoso-annulata by using the cultivation material of claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of:
1) The cultivation material is flatly paved in a fermentation tunnel, the humidity of the cultivation material is adjusted to 60% -70%, and the cultivation material is moved into a room after fermentation is completed;
2) Preparing stropharia rugoso-annulata strains by adopting a culture material, and placing the stropharia rugoso-annulata strains on the surface of the culture material paved in the step 1;
3) Controlling the indoor temperature to be 20-25 ℃ and the carbon dioxide concentration to be less than 1000ppm, and culturing the bacteria;
4) And (4) after the cultivation material is filled with the hypha of the stropharia rugoso-annulata strain in the step (3), covering soil, and keeping the indoor temperature at 15-20 ℃ and the humidity at 80%.
3. The method for industrially cultivating stropharia rugoso-annulata according to claim 2, wherein the culture medium comprises, by weight, 37% of sawdust, 20% of bran, 40% of corncob, 1% of gypsum, 1% of white sugar and 1% of lime.
4. The industrialized cultivation method of Stropharia rugosoannulata according to claim 2, characterized in that the temperature of the hypha after climbing out of the covering soil layer is adjusted to 5-10 ℃.
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CN105340575A (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2016-02-24 | 黄平县阿仙萝综合开发有限公司 | Stropharia rugosannulata output improving method |
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- 2022-09-30 CN CN202211208532.5A patent/CN115399191A/en active Pending
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