CN115362880A - Flexible foam material for turf cultivation - Google Patents
Flexible foam material for turf cultivation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115362880A CN115362880A CN202211205512.2A CN202211205512A CN115362880A CN 115362880 A CN115362880 A CN 115362880A CN 202211205512 A CN202211205512 A CN 202211205512A CN 115362880 A CN115362880 A CN 115362880A
- Authority
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- foaming material
- foam material
- parts
- foaming
- flexible
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
- A01G24/35—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds containing water-absorbing polymers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/40—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure
- A01G24/48—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure containing foam or presenting a foam structure
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/60—Apparatus for preparing growth substrates or culture media
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0014—Use of organic additives
- C08J9/0023—Use of organic additives containing oxygen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2361/00—Characterised by the use of condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2361/20—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen
- C08J2361/22—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen of aldehydes with acyclic or carbocyclic compounds
- C08J2361/24—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen of aldehydes with acyclic or carbocyclic compounds with urea or thiourea
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2497/00—Characterised by the use of lignin-containing materials
- C08J2497/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
Abstract
The invention discloses a flexible foam material for turf cultivation, which is characterized in that the flexible foam material comprises a lower layer foam material and an upper layer foam material which are prepared into a whole through superposition, wherein the lower layer foam material is prepared firstly when the flexible foam material is prepared, and then the upper layer foam material is prepared through foaming on the basis of the lower layer foam material. The invention has the advantages of good turf cultivation effect, low cost, long-lasting greening, convenient construction and especially convenient application and implementation in road slope greening engineering.
Description
The application is a divisional application of a patent of a turf cultivation method suitable for greening rock slopes, which is applied for 202111146453.1, application date 2021-9-28.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of turf cultivation and greening, in particular to a flexible foaming material for turf cultivation.
Background
Slope greening is a novel ecological slope protection mode capable of effectively protecting bare slopes, and is combined with traditional engineering slope protection to effectively realize ecological vegetation restoration of the slopes. In some road engineering construction, fixed building engineering construction and other constructions, slope greening is required for exposed side slopes left after earth excavation, especially rock side slopes, so as to recover and protect ecological vegetation.
Common process methods for greening rock slopes comprise a bag-piling greening method, a net-hanging direct-spraying greening nutrient material greening method, a passenger soil plant belt greening method and the like. The method for greening by directly spraying the hanging net and greening the nutrient materials is also called a spray-seeding method, namely, the seed mixed matrix material is spread and adhered on the hanging net of the side slope in a spraying mode, and the mode has the defects of high construction difficulty (such as cliff with the temperature of more than 70 degrees), low plant survival rate (high temperature and water shortage in summer), long green covering time and the like. The bag-piling greening method is characterized in that a grid is erected on a side slope, and then nutrient soil mixed with seeds is bagged and piled in the grid of the side slope, so that the method still has the defects of troublesome construction, poor slope stability and low plant survival rate. The construction method for greening the soil-covered plant belt is characterized in that banded objects with certain width and thickness are manufactured manually, laid on the plant belt at certain intervals, fixed on a slope by using iron wires and finally sprayed with soil containing fertilizers.
In addition, the turf refers to artificially cultured green plants which can be continuously foamed into a turf, and a turf product can be connected with a thin layer of soil which is firmly planted by root systems, so that the whole turf is of a carpet-shaped structure which can be rolled. The turf can be laid into lawn for beautifying environment, and can be widely used in the construction of stadium, football field, square green land, park garden, road slope greening and the like. The existing turf cultivation is formed by directly sowing and cultivating on nutrient matrix soil, and has the disadvantages of complex cultivation steps, higher difficulty, higher cost and larger construction limitation. Especially for greening engineering construction of rock slopes, ordinary turf is easy to cause water and soil nutrition loss after being laid, the later-stage cultivation effect is poor, and the greening effect is difficult to last.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: the turf cultivating method is simple in operation, good in turf cultivating effect, low in cost, durable in greening and convenient to construct, is suitable for rock slope greening, and is particularly suitable for being used and implemented in road slope greening engineering. Also discloses a soft foaming material for turf cultivation.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a turf cultivating method suitable for greening rocky slopes is characterized in that seeds are buried inside a flexible foaming material, a material rich in nutrient components and water-locking components is arranged in the flexible foaming material, the seeds are cultured by directly adopting the flexible foaming material to germinate and grow the upper surface of the flexible foaming material, and the turf suitable for greening the rocky slopes is formed.
Therefore, the nutrient components and the moisture are arranged in the soft foaming material, and then the soft foaming material is put into seeds for culturing and sprouting, so that the turf suitable for greening the rock slope is formed on the soft foaming material. So the turf is cultivated the operation and is simpler, can avoid the loss of turf cultivation in-process nutrition better, and the turf is cultivated effectually, and the persistence is good after the turf grows up, and the substrate makes its transport more convenient as cultivating the substrate to it is applied to engineering construction, especially rock slope greening engineering construction more conveniently.
Furthermore, the upper surface of the flexible foaming material is punched to form an implantation hole gap, and then the seeds are buried in the flexible foaming material in a spray seeding mode. Thus, the seeds can be embedded and planted more conveniently.
Preferably, the flexible foaming material comprises a lower layer foaming material and an upper layer foaming material which are prepared into a whole in a superposition mode, and the lower layer foaming material is prepared firstly when the flexible foaming material is prepared, and then the upper layer foaming material is prepared on the basis of the lower layer foaming material in a foaming mode.
Therefore, different formulas can be better adopted for the upper and lower layers of foaming materials, and two layers of foaming materials with different pore sizes and different functional requirements are obtained, so that the plant growth is more facilitated. Certainly, as another option, the lower layer foaming material and the upper layer foaming material may also be prepared by foaming respectively and then laminating them into a whole in a thermal bonding or chemical adhesive bonding manner.
Furthermore, the lower layer foaming material is urea-formaldehyde resin foaming material, and the upper layer foaming material is hydrophilic polyurethane foaming material.
Therefore, the lower-layer foaming material is a urea-formaldehyde resin foaming material, and the foaming material taking urea-formaldehyde resin as a main material is easier to degrade and release fertility, and is more beneficial to the downward rooting and growth of plants. The surface of the urea resin foaming material can not generate a compact surface layer, so that the upper layer foaming material and the lower layer foaming material can be combined into a whole after being foamed on the surface of the upper layer foaming material. The polyurethane foaming material is relatively less prone to degradation, and the surface structure and strength of the building block can be better maintained before the plants grow into a blanket shape, so that water and soil loss is avoided; meanwhile, the hydrophilic polyurethane foaming material can better lock water, and is beneficial to plant growth. And the polyurethane foaming material can directly generate a layer of compact skin on the surface in the foaming process, thereby playing the role of a protective film. In addition, the urea-formaldehyde resin foam material of lower floor can possess certain fragility, when later stage pressing process, can make between the foaming hole and the foaming hole be crushed on some weak position direction and communicate with each other better, more is favorable to the seed to spread in lower floor's foam material when the spray-seeding, more is favorable to moisture and nutrition to walk in lower floor's foam material hole, also is favorable to the growth of seed root system more. And the polyurethane foam material on the upper layer is generally higher in flexibility and elasticity and not easy to break, and can be better kept connected in the subsequent pressing process so as to ensure the integrity of the building block. Therefore, in practice, the seed bag for storing seeds can be formed in the lower layer foaming material, and the characteristics of the lower layer foaming material are better utilized to take root and sprout.
Further, when the lower layer foaming material is prepared, the formula comprises the following ingredients in parts by mass: 90-110 parts of urea-formaldehyde resin as a main material, 1-6 parts of Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI) as a foaming agent, 1-6 parts of Tween-80 as a surfactant, 1-4 parts of tartaric acid as a curing agent, 5-10 parts of a water-retaining agent, 10-15 parts of sulfur-coated urea as a slow-release fertilizer, 5-8 parts of an adsorbent and 10-15 parts of straw fiber.
In the lower layer foaming material, the urea-formaldehyde resin is used as a main raw material for preparing the urea-formaldehyde resin foam, the dosage of the urea-formaldehyde resin accounts for 65-90% of the whole foaming component, about 100 parts of urea-formaldehyde resin is selected as a main material matrix, the prepared foaming material is small and dense in pores, and other nutrient-containing ingredient components can be better absorbed and kept in the urea-formaldehyde foam plastic and then are slowly released. The urea-formaldehyde foam has good later degradation, can be degraded by bacterial microorganisms and then releases nitrogen, so that the effect of providing long-term fertilizer efficiency can be achieved. The foam plastic can avoid excessive evaporation of water during drought and nutrient loss during heavy rain. 1-6 parts of Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI) is selected as a foaming agent, the apparent density of the foaming agent is 0.065g/cm < 3 >, and small porosity is favorably formed on a lower layer. Meanwhile, the toluene diisocyanate is an organic foaming agent, so that the later period is favorable for degrading and releasing nutrient components, and the composite material is safer and more harmless. 1-6 parts of tween-80 (namely polysorbate-80, also called polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate) is selected as a surface active agent, which has fixed hydrophilic and lipophilic groups, can be directionally arranged on the surface of the solution, and can obviously reduce the surface tension. It can emulsify incompatible components in the foaming system formula, promote nucleation in mixing, and achieve the purpose of stabilizing foam cells by reducing the stress of the wall of the foam cell. 1-4 parts of tartaric acid is selected as a curing agent, and a certain amount of curing agent is added in the curing process of the urea-formaldehyde resin to ensure that the urea-formaldehyde resin can be rapidly crosslinked and cured in a short time to form insoluble and infusible reticular macromolecular solids. 5-10 parts of water-retaining agent is selected, so that the water-retaining effect of the lower-layer foaming material can be greatly improved, and the germination and rooting of seeds are facilitated. 10-15 parts of sulfur-coated urea is selected as a slow release fertilizer, and sulfur molten liquid is coated on the surface of urea particles to form a sulfur film, so that the urea has the characteristic of slowly releasing nutrients. Sulphur coated urea can let the fertilizer efficiency release slowly, has reduced the volume of volatilizing of urea to reach bigger absorption ratio, and among the sulphur coated urea, sulphur also can be absorbed by the plant as nutrient element, has alleviated the pressure of environment from the source, in addition, can also change the release rate of fertility through the thickness of adjustment resin, thereby comes the growth rhythm that adapts to different plants better. 5-8 parts of adsorbent can be used for capturing and adsorbing a small amount of low molecular weight substances such as isocyanate possibly remaining in the sponge foaming material, preventing the escape of free small molecular weight substances possibly existing in the raw materials and meeting the requirement of no toxicity of the matrix. 10-15 parts of straw fiber, the straw fiber is scattered and distributed to all places after being added, the early stage can play a role in strengthening, the apparent density of the urea resin foaming body at the lower layer is increased, the porosity is reduced, the integral strength of the material in the pressing process is improved, the foaming pores are prevented from being crushed and scattered during pressing, the straw fiber can be used as a plant growth nutrient source after later-stage decay, and simultaneously, a cavity channel formed after the decay can be better used for plant root growth and root cutting. The specific preparation process of the lower layer foaming material can be prepared by adopting a conventional industrial preparation mode of the urea resin foam material, and the specific process steps are not detailed here. In addition, the upper layer foaming material can also be prepared by a conventional polyurethane foaming material preparation method, and is generated by directly foaming the upper surface of the prepared lower layer foaming material in the same mold, and the specific preparation process is also the prior art and is not detailed here.
Further, the water-retaining agent is a novel agricultural water-retaining agent prepared by graft copolymerization of modified soybean straws and acrylic acid.
Thus, the modified soybean straw and acrylic acid are graft copolymerized to prepare the novel agricultural water-retaining agent, the high-water-absorptivity organic molecule with an ionized group carboxyl structure has a network structure formed by cross-linking polymerization among molecules, contains a strong hydrophilic group, and has strong association effect on water through osmotic pressure generated by electrolyte ion concentration inside and outside the molecule. The water-absorbing and water-releasing agent absorbs more environmental water and releases less environmental water, and the water-absorbing and water-releasing agent is repeatedly circulated, only needs little irrigation or rainfall, is not easily damaged by microorganisms in the environment, can keep a three-dimensional structure for a long time, and supplies water to plants for a long time, and has high water absorption and water retention.
Further, the adsorbent may be an aluminosilicate adsorbent and/or activated carbon. Has the advantages of good adsorptivity, safety and harmlessness.
Furthermore, when the upper layer foaming material is prepared, straw fibers with the mass ratio of 1-5% are added in the formula.
Therefore, the straw fiber can better improve the strength and the integrity of the upper layer foaming material, and simultaneously can be used as a plant growth nutrient source after later-stage decay, and the cavity formed after decay can be better used for plant germination and rooting. The rest of the formula of the upper layer foaming material can adopt the formula of the conventional hydrophilic polyurethane foaming material, the foaming process can also adopt the conventional technology, the foaming is directly controlled on the basis of the lower layer foaming material, and the foaming porosity is controlled to be larger than that of the lower layer foaming material. When the method is implemented, the thickness of the upper layer foaming material is preferably one third to one half, so that the lower layer foaming material is thicker, and the function and the efficacy of the lower layer foaming material are better exerted.
Therefore, the soft foaming material with the double-layer foaming material structure prepared by the method has the characteristics of heavy bottom and light top, and the function of the lower-layer foaming material is more favorable for the germination and rooting of seeds. Straw fibers are added into the upper layer foaming material and the lower layer foaming material, the adding proportion of the lower layer foaming material is larger, the straw fibers can be wrapped by the urea-formaldehyde resin well, the straw fibers can also penetrate through the urea-formaldehyde resin well to form a network to a certain degree, and the network can well bear compression load. Meanwhile, the straw fiber can also fully play the role of the reinforcement, the stronger the capability of preventing cracks from generating and expanding can be realized by the addition amount of the straw fiber, the bending strength of the foam is correspondingly improved, and the foam has the functions of reinforcing and toughening. And the whole body has the characteristics of convenient and quick manufacture, no toxicity, safety, good mechanical property, degradability, slow release of fertilizer, strong water retention property and the like.
Further, after the flexible foaming material is foamed and formed, a pressing device is adopted for pressing, and a puncture needle on the pressing device is used for puncturing from the upper surface protective film to form an implantation hole gap; and spraying the prepared seed nutrient base mixed slurry into the implantation hole gap from the upper surface of the flexible foaming material by adopting a spray-seeding device to complete the embedding and burying of the seeds.
Therefore, the pressing device is adopted for pressing, so that the generation of the implantation hole gaps can be facilitated, most of adjacent foaming holes in the flexible foaming material can be crushed and communicated by the pressure applied by the pressing device, and partial seeds and the nutrient medium can be conveniently sprayed into the implantation hole gaps and then can be diffused into more foaming holes. So that the seeds and more nutrient components can be well put in.
Further, the seed nutrient medium mixed slurry comprises 3-6 parts by mass of plant seeds, 1-3 parts by mass of polyacrylamide, 0.5-1.5 parts by mass of polyvinyl alcohol and 2-4 parts by mass of enzyme bio-organic fertilizer, and is prepared by adding water after uniform mixing. Wherein, the optimal mass ratio is 5:2:1:3.
therefore, the polyacrylamide with a larger proportion is added outside the plant seeds, and the flocculation substance generated by the polyacrylamide can effectively reduce the friction resistance of the slurry, so that the slurry can smoothly enter the implantation seam when being sprayed and sowed conveniently, and can diffuse along the implantation seam to enter the adjacent foaming pores as much as possible; meanwhile, the polyacrylamide has strong hydrophilicity, thickening effect and flocculation effect, can well bring water and nutrient components in the organic fertilizer into a formed flocculating body and lock the water and the nutrient components, and avoids early loss of the water and the organic fertilizer; but also can be automatically degraded in the later period, and is non-toxic and pollution-free. A small amount of polyvinyl alcohol is added as a binder, and the polyvinyl alcohol is matched with polyacrylamide to facilitate the fluidity of the prepared slurry and improve the spray-seeding effect, and simultaneously, the outer surface of an implanted hole seam after spray-seeding can better achieve the sealing effect, so that the evaporation and the dissipation of water are avoided, and the germination and the growth of seeds are not hindered; can also be matched with the polyacrylamide to improve the flocculation effect, and can better lock water and nutrient substances to avoid loss. In practice, polyvinyl alcohol PVA-224 is preferably used, which is advantageous for obtaining the above-mentioned effects. The ferment bio-organic fertilizer with a large amount is added to provide the fertility of the seeds at the initial germination stage, so that the germination and growth of the seeds are ensured. Meanwhile, the enzyme bio-organic fertilizer is obtained by enzyme fermentation, so that the enzyme bio-organic fertilizer also contains a large amount of fermentation microbial strains. After the fertilizer is sprayed into the foaming material, a beneficial microbial fermentation breeding place can be formed inside the foaming material, the degradation and conversion of nutrient source substances (such as straw fiber materials and urea resin foaming materials) inside the foaming material can be better assisted, the nutrient fertility is continuously released, and plants can better absorb and grow. Wherein the spray seeding device and the spray seeding process are specifically mature existing products and prior art and are not detailed here.
Furthermore, the pressing device comprises a lower pressing roller and an upper pressing roller which are arranged horizontally and are opposite to each other at an upper interval, two ends of the lower pressing roller are rotatably installed on a lower pressing roller support, two ends of the upper pressing roller are rotatably installed on an upper pressing roller support, one end of the upper pressing roller is in transmission connection with a power motor to form a power roller, and a plurality of prickers are further arranged on the outer surface of the upper pressing roller.
Like this, during the use, the flexible expanded material that will need the suppression is arranged in between lower roll and the last compression roller, it drives flexible expanded material forward to go up the compression roller rotation, make it through the suppression between lower roll and the last compression roller, it communicates with each other to make to be crushed between the adjacent foaming hole of most in the flexible expanded material, in order to make things convenient for the follow-up when spouting the broadcast, partial seed and nutrition matrix spout and to implant inside the hole seam can the diffusion division enter into more foaming holes, also do benefit to follow-up seed growth and sprouting more. Meanwhile, in the pressing process, the pricking pins on the outer surface of the upper pressing roller are pricked into the upper surface of the flexible foaming material, so that the implantation hole seam can be formed conveniently and quickly. Of course, other configurations, such as a platen press, may be used.
Further, be provided with high adjustment mechanism on the lower pressure roller support, high adjustment mechanism includes a pair of lower sleeve and the last sleeve pipe of connecing soon each other, and the both ends of lower pressure roller rotationally support on last sleeve pipe, and lower sleeve lower extreme rotationally installs on the base.
Therefore, the height of the lower pressing roller is conveniently adjusted to adjust the spacing distance between the lower pressing roller and the upper pressing roller, and further the pressure between the lower pressing roller and the upper pressing roller is adjusted, so that the pressing effect just as the above can be better achieved. Meanwhile, the height adjusting mechanism also has the advantages of simple structure and convenience and quickness in adjustment.
Furthermore, a round ball bulging outwards is arranged at the outer end of the puncture needle close to the needle tip.
Like this, conveniently implant inside can form the bigger seed bag in space ratio all the other hole positions of aperture position of aperture, make seed and partial nutrition base when spouting the seeding can be stored here, and then can provide more abundant space and nutrition for the seed growth in the seed bag, in order to make things convenient for here seed to sprout in advance and grow out, it grows out the destructive power that produces and push up better and break the protection film of planting living foam block surface to lean on it to sprout, make the air can enter into inside planting living foam block better, in order to do benefit to all the other seeds and sprout and grow.
Furthermore, the felting needle is internally provided with an electric heating wire for heating the round ball part.
Therefore, the round ball part of the puncture needle can be heated, and the generation of seed capsules in the implantation hole seam is more facilitated.
Further, the diameter of the upper press roll is larger than that of the lower press roll.
In this way, the time that the pricker stays in the flexible foaming material after penetrating the flexible foaming material in the normal pressing process can be prolonged. Because the flexible foaming material has certain flexibility and elasticity, in the pressing process, the foaming material passes through the space between the upper and lower pressing rollers and is separated from the upper pressing roller after being brought upward at an angle with the upper pressing roller. The spherical ball portion of the needle can remain in the same position for a period of time during this period of time to better shape the seed capsule at that location by heating.
Further, cutting the flexible foaming material with the seeds into rectangular blocks to obtain plant-growing foam blocks, transporting and paving the plant-growing foam blocks in a greening engineering construction area, and then cultivating to enable the seeds to germinate in the area needing greening to form turf.
Therefore, the cutting machine is cut into a rectangular block shape, is more convenient to carry and lay, and is very convenient to be applied to engineering construction.
In conclusion, the invention has the advantages of simple operation, good turf cultivation effect, low cost, lasting greening and convenient construction, and is particularly convenient to use and implement in road slope greening engineering.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a slope greening vegetation system applied to the implementation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the individual lattice frames in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the individual plant-growing foam block of fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the pressing device.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments.
The specific implementation mode is as follows: a method for cultivating turf on rock slope features that the seeds are buried in the foam material, the material rich in nutrients and water-locking component is arranged in the foam material, and the foam material is directly used to culture the seeds for germination and growing the upper surface of foam material.
Therefore, the nutrient components and the moisture are arranged in the flexible foaming material, and then the flexible foaming material is put into seeds to be cultivated and germinate, so that the turf suitable for greening the rock slope is formed on the flexible foaming material. Therefore, the turf cultivation operation is simpler, the loss of nutrition in the turf cultivation process can be better avoided, the turf cultivation effect is good, the persistence of the turf after growth is good, and the soft foam material is used as a cultivation base material to enable the turf to be more convenient to carry, so that the turf cultivation base material is more convenient to apply to engineering construction, especially rock slope greening engineering construction.
The invention will be further described below in connection with a slope greening vegetation system constructed by the method.
Referring to fig. 1-3, a slope greening vegetation system comprises a grid frame 2 fixed on a rock slope surface 1, and a filling area for filling planting materials is formed inside each grid of the grid frame 2, and is characterized in that the planting materials filled in the filling area are soft foaming materials, and plant seeds 3 are covered under the surface of the soft foaming materials; after the plant seeds are cultivated and germinate, turf is directly formed on the surface of the flexible foaming material.
Therefore, the flexible foaming material is used as the planting material to be filled into each grid of the grid frame, the flexible foaming material has the characteristics of light weight and convenience in construction, the pore characteristics of the foaming material are favorable for storing water, the formula of the material is favorable for adjusting to enable the material to be rich in nutrition, so that seeds covering the lower part of the surface of the foaming material can grow conveniently to realize greening, the survival rate of plants is improved, and the construction cost is reduced.
Wherein, the net rack 2 includes a plurality of vertical setting and the vertical connecting rod 4 of arranging at horizontal interval, still includes a plurality of horizontal settings and the horizontal connecting plate 5 of arranging along vertical interval, and horizontal connecting plate 5 intersects with domatic and is 90 degrees or ascending acute angle setting.
Therefore, the stability of the polyurethane foaming material filled in the filling area is more conveniently improved.
Wherein, the bottom of the transverse connecting plate 5 is provided with grooves 6 at intervals.
Like this, make things convenient for the plant to grow the back, its plant root system can communicate from top to bottom through the recess, greatly improves the stability of whole domatic green system of planting.
Wherein, the slope surface 1 is also paved with a drip irrigation pipeline 7 positioned at the bottom of the filling area, and drip irrigation openings are arranged on the drip irrigation pipeline 7 at intervals.
In this way, the water supply for plant growth can be improved.
The flexible foam material anchor block is characterized by further comprising an anchoring system, wherein the anchoring system comprises a plurality of anchoring grooves 8 distributed on a slope surface, an anchoring device 9 is fixed in the anchoring grooves 8 in a concrete cast-in-place mode, the outer end of the anchoring device 9 penetrates out of the surface of the flexible foam material and is connected with a reverse buckling component, and the reverse buckling component is compressed and fixed on the outer surface of the flexible foam material.
Therefore, the flexible foaming material can be tensioned and fixed in the filling area, and the stability and reliability of the whole system are improved. Wherein the left-hand member may be a pressure plate secured by means of a nut.
Wherein, the anchoring device 9 is an anchor rod or an anchor cable.
Therefore, the device has the advantages of simple structure, mature product and convenience in implementation.
In addition, when the system is constructed in a region subjected to water flow scouring for a long time, such as a hydro-fluctuation belt and the like, in the implementation process, a protective layer can be paved on the surface of the flexible foaming material, and the protective layer is a blanket-shaped structure made of a permeable material.
Like this, before green planting does not grow out, can rely on the protective layer to strengthen the protection to the flexible expanded material, avoid being washed by rivers for this afforestation vegetation system can be applicable to and need bear the area (for example the hydro-fluctuation belt) of rivers washing for a long time and use. In specific implementation, the protective layer can be made of cotton cloth, linen or permeable geotextile.
In this embodiment, the plant growth foam block 11 is laid in the filling area, the size of the plant growth foam block 11 is matched with the filling area, the plant growth foam block is made of a flexible foam material, and plant seeds are embedded in the plant growth foam block.
Like this, directly during the construction will plant living foam block lay to the filling area can, greatly improved the site operation convenience. In other embodiments, two layers of flexible foam may be provided, with the seeds being laid in place between the two layers of flexible foam.
Wherein, the upper part of the aperture of the foaming hole in the plant-growing foam block 11 is larger than the lower part; the outer side surface of the plant-growing foam building block is provided with a layer of protective film 12, the protective film 12 is provided with a plurality of implantation holes 12, the implantation holes extend into the middle lower part of the plant-growing foam building block and form seed bags 13, at least part of plant seeds 3 are positioned in the seed bags 13, and the seed bags are filled with nutrient medium.
Therefore, the upper part of the aperture of the foaming hole is larger than the lower part of the aperture of the foaming hole, so that the plant-growing foam building block is heavier at the bottom and lighter at the top, the plant-growing foam building block is in close fit with a slope surface to improve the fixing reliability, and most of nutrient components in the foam brick are locked at the lower position to avoid nutrient loss. Meanwhile, the aperture of the upper part is larger, which is more beneficial to upward germination of seeds. The protective film on the outer surface of the plant-growing foam block can be obtained by depending on the skin formed on the surface in the foaming process, the film can play a role in protecting, the evaporation of internal water is effectively avoided, the loss of nutritional ingredients is avoided, the seed growth is facilitated, and a protective layer does not need to be additionally arranged on the outer surface of the plant-growing foam block. The planting seam that sets up on the protection film makes things convenient for seed and nutrition matrix to spout into the middle and lower part position in the plant-growing foam building block with the mode of sprinkling irrigation. Therefore, the plant growth foam building block with the structure has the advantages of being capable of improving the stability of laying and installation, good in water locking performance, high in reliability, high in seed germination rate and the like.
The plant-growing foam building block is prepared by the following preparation steps: a, preparing a flexible foam material by adopting a foam material formula, wherein the thickness of the flexible foam material is consistent with that of a filling area in a grid frame, and a layer of protective film with increased density is arranged on the upper surface of the flexible foam material; b, pressing the flexible foaming material by a pressing device, and piercing from the upper surface protective film by virtue of a piercing needle on the pressing device to form an implantation slot; c, spraying the prepared seed nutrient base mixed slurry into the implantation hole gap from the upper surface of the flexible foaming material by adopting a spray-seeding device; d, cutting the flexible foaming material into a size matched with the filling area inside the grid frame.
Therefore, the size of the prepared plant growth foam building block is matched with the filling area so as to be convenient to install, and the protective film on the surface can play a role in protection; the pressing device is adopted for pressing, so that the implantation hole gaps can be conveniently generated, most of adjacent foaming holes in the flexible foaming material can be crushed and communicated by the pressure applied by the pressing device, and partial seeds and the nutrient substrate can be conveniently sprayed into the implantation hole gaps and then can be diffused into more foaming holes. Therefore, the prepared plant growth foam building block has the characteristic of high seed germination rate, and the method has the advantages of easiness in implementation, low cost, convenience in structure forming and the like.
And d, cutting the flexible foaming material into a size with the length and the width being 1-10cm larger than the filling area in the grid frame.
Therefore, the installation can be realized by utilizing the elasticity of the flexible foaming material, and the fixing reliability of the flexible foaming material is more conveniently improved.
Wherein the seed nutrient medium mixed slurry comprises 3-6 parts by mass of plant seeds, 1-3 parts by mass of polyacrylamide, 0.5-1.5 parts by mass of polyvinyl alcohol and 2-4 parts by mass of ferment bio-organic fertilizer, and is prepared by adding water after uniform mixing. Wherein, the optimal mass ratio is 5:2:1:3.
therefore, the polyacrylamide with a larger proportion is added outside the plant seeds, and the flocculation substance generated by the polyacrylamide can effectively reduce the friction resistance of the slurry, so that the slurry can smoothly enter the implantation seam when being sprayed and sowed conveniently, and can diffuse along the implantation seam to enter the adjacent foaming pores as much as possible; meanwhile, the polyacrylamide has extremely strong hydrophilicity, thickening effect and flocculation effect, can well bring water and nutrient components in the organic fertilizer into the formed floccule and lock the floccule, and avoids early loss of the water and the organic fertilizer; and can be automatically degraded in later period, and is non-toxic and pollution-free. A small amount of polyvinyl alcohol is added as a binder, and the polyvinyl alcohol is matched with the action of polyacrylamide, so that the fluidity of the slurry is conveniently prepared, the spray-seeding effect is improved, the sealing effect can be better achieved on the outer surface of the implanted hole seam after spray-seeding, the evaporation and the dissipation of water are avoided, and the germination and the growth of seeds are not hindered; also can cooperate with improving the flocculation effect of polyacrylamide, lock moisture and nutrient substance better and avoid losing. In practice, polyvinyl alcohol PVA-224 is preferably used, which is advantageous for obtaining the above-mentioned effects. The ferment bio-organic fertilizer with a large amount is added to provide the fertility of the seeds at the initial germination stage, so that the germination and growth of the seeds are ensured. Meanwhile, the enzyme bio-organic fertilizer is obtained by enzyme fermentation, so that the enzyme bio-organic fertilizer also contains a large amount of fermentation microbial strains. After the fertilizer is sprayed into the foaming material, a beneficial microbial fermentation breeding place can be formed inside the foaming material, the degradation and conversion of nutrient source substances (such as straw fiber materials and urea resin foaming materials) inside the foaming material can be better assisted, the nutrient fertility is continuously released, and plants can better absorb and grow. Wherein the spray seeding device and the spray seeding process are specifically mature existing products and prior art and are not detailed here.
The pressing device, as shown in fig. 4, includes a lower pressing roller 21 and an upper pressing roller 22 which are horizontally arranged and are opposite to each other at an upper-lower interval, two ends of the lower pressing roller 21 are rotatably mounted on a lower pressing roller bracket 23, two ends of the upper pressing roller 22 are rotatably mounted on an upper pressing roller bracket 24, one end of the upper pressing roller 22 is in transmission connection with a power motor 25 to form a power roller, and a plurality of felting needles 26 are further arranged on the outer surface of the upper pressing roller.
Like this, during the use, the flexible expanded material that will need the suppression is arranged in between lower roll and the last compression roller, it drives flexible expanded material forward to go up the compression roller rotation, make it through the suppression between lower roll and the last compression roller, it communicates with each other to make to be crushed between the adjacent foaming hole of most in the flexible expanded material, in order to make things convenient for the follow-up when spouting the broadcast, partial seed and nutrition matrix spout and to implant inside the hole seam can the diffusion division enter into more foaming holes, also do benefit to follow-up seed growth and sprouting more. Meanwhile, in the pressing process, the pricking pins on the outer surface of the upper pressing roller are pricked into the upper surface of the flexible foaming material, so that the implantation hole seam can be formed conveniently and quickly. Of course, other configurations, such as a platen press, may be used.
Wherein, a height adjusting mechanism is arranged on the lower pressure roller bracket 23, the height adjusting mechanism comprises a pair of lower sleeve 27 and upper sleeve 28 which are mutually screwed, two ends of the lower pressure roller can be rotatably supported on the upper sleeve 28, and the lower end of the lower sleeve 27 can be rotatably arranged on a base 29.
Therefore, the height of the lower pressing roller is conveniently adjusted to adjust the spacing distance between the lower pressing roller and the upper pressing roller, and further the pressure between the lower pressing roller and the upper pressing roller is adjusted, so that the pressing effect just as the above can be better achieved. Meanwhile, the height adjusting mechanism also has the advantages of simple structure and convenience and quickness in adjustment.
Wherein, the outer end of the puncture needle 26 near the needle tip is also provided with a round ball 30 which bulges outwards.
Like this, conveniently implant inside can form the bigger seed bag in space ratio all the other hole positions of aperture position of aperture, make seed and partial nutrition base when spouting the seeding can be stored here, and then can provide more abundant space and nutrition for the seed growth in the seed bag, in order to make things convenient for here seed to sprout in advance and grow out, it grows out the destructive power that produces and push up better and break the protection film of planting living foam block surface to lean on it to sprout, make the air can enter into inside planting living foam block better, in order to do benefit to all the other seeds and sprout and grow.
Wherein, the felting needle is internally provided with an electric heating wire for heating the round ball part.
Therefore, the round ball part of the puncture needle can be heated, and the generation of the seed capsule in the implantation hole seam is more facilitated.
Wherein the upper press roll 22 has a diameter larger than that of the lower press roll.
In this way, the time that the pricker stays in the flexible foaming material after penetrating the flexible foaming material in the normal pressing process can be prolonged. Because the flexible foaming material has certain flexibility and elasticity, in the pressing process, the foaming material passes through the space between the upper and lower pressing rollers and is separated from the upper pressing roller after being brought upward at an angle with the upper pressing roller. The spherical ball portion of the needle can remain in the same position for a period of time during this period of time to better shape the seed capsule at that location by heating.
In the step a, the flexible foaming material comprises a lower layer foaming material and an upper layer foaming material which are prepared into a whole through superposition, and the lower layer foaming material is prepared firstly when the flexible foaming material is prepared, and then the upper layer foaming material is prepared through foaming on the basis of the lower layer foaming material.
Therefore, different formulas can be better adopted for the upper and lower layers of foaming materials, so that two layers of foaming materials with different pore sizes and different functional requirements can be obtained, and the growth of plants is more facilitated. Of course, as another embodiment, the lower layer foam material and the upper layer foam material may be prepared by foaming and then laminating them together by thermal bonding or chemical adhesive bonding.
Specifically, the lower layer foaming material is urea resin foaming material, and the upper layer foaming material is hydrophilic polyurethane foaming material.
Therefore, the lower-layer foaming material is a urea-formaldehyde resin foaming material, and the foaming material taking urea-formaldehyde resin as a main material is easier to degrade and release fertility, and is more beneficial to the downward rooting and growth of plants. The surface of the urea resin foaming material can not generate a compact surface layer, so that the upper layer foaming material and the lower layer foaming material can be combined into a whole after being foamed on the surface of the upper layer foaming material. The polyurethane foaming material is relatively less prone to degradation, and the surface structure and strength of the building block can be better maintained before the plants grow into a blanket shape, so that water and soil loss is avoided; meanwhile, the hydrophilic polyurethane foaming material can better lock water, and is beneficial to plant growth. And a layer of compact skin can be directly generated on the surface of the polyurethane foam material in the foaming process, so that the effect of protecting the film is achieved. In addition, the urea-formaldehyde resin foam material of lower floor can possess certain fragility, when later stage pressing process, can make between the foaming hole and the foaming hole be crushed on some weak position direction and communicate with each other better, more is favorable to the seed to spread in lower floor's foam material when the spray-seeding, more is favorable to moisture and nutrition to walk in lower floor's foam material hole, also is favorable to the growth of seed root system more. The polyurethane foaming material on the upper layer is generally more flexible and elastic and is not easy to break, and the polyurethane foaming material can be better kept connected in the subsequent pressing process to ensure the integrity of the building block. Therefore, in implementation, the seed capsules are formed in the lower-layer foaming material, and the characteristics of the lower-layer foaming material are better utilized to root and sprout.
More specifically, when the lower layer foaming material is prepared, the formula comprises the following ingredients in parts by mass: 90-110 parts of urea-formaldehyde resin as a main material, 1-6 parts of Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI) as a foaming agent, 1-6 parts of Tween-80 as a surfactant, 1-4 parts of tartaric acid as a curing agent, 5-10 parts of a water-retaining agent, 10-15 parts of sulfur-coated urea as a slow-release fertilizer, 5-8 parts of an adsorbent and 10-15 parts of straw fiber.
In the lower layer foaming material, the urea-formaldehyde resin is used as a main raw material for preparing the urea-formaldehyde resin foam, the dosage of the urea-formaldehyde resin accounts for 65-90% of the whole foaming component, about 100 parts of urea-formaldehyde resin is selected as a main material matrix, the prepared foaming material is small and dense in pores, and other nutrient-containing ingredient components can be better absorbed and kept in the urea-formaldehyde foam plastic and then are slowly released. The urea-formaldehyde foam has good later degradation, can be degraded by bacterial microorganisms and then releases nitrogen, so that the effect of providing long-term fertilizer efficiency can be achieved. The foam plastic can avoid excessive evaporation of water during drought and nutrient loss during heavy rain. 1-6 parts of Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI) is selected as a foaming agent, the apparent density of the foaming agent is 0.065g/cm < 3 >, and small porosity is favorably formed on a lower layer. Meanwhile, the toluene diisocyanate is an organic foaming agent, so that the later period is favorable for degrading and releasing nutrient components, and the composite material is safer and harmless. 1-6 parts of tween-80 (namely polysorbate-80, also called polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate) is selected as a surfactant, and the surfactant has fixed hydrophilic and lipophilic groups, can be directionally arranged on the surface of a solution, and can obviously reduce the surface tension. It can emulsify incompatible components in the foaming system formula, promote nucleation in mixing, and achieve the purpose of stabilizing foam cells by reducing the stress of the wall of the foam cell. 1-4 parts of tartaric acid is selected as a curing agent, and a certain amount of curing agent is added in the curing process of the urea-formaldehyde resin to ensure that the urea-formaldehyde resin can be rapidly crosslinked and cured in a short time to form insoluble and infusible reticular macromolecular solids. 5-10 parts of water-retaining agent is selected, so that the water-retaining effect of the lower-layer foaming material can be greatly improved, and the germination and rooting of seeds are facilitated. 10-15 parts of sulfur-coated urea is selected as a slow release fertilizer, and sulfur molten liquid is coated on the surface of urea particles to form a sulfur film, so that the urea has the characteristic of slowly releasing nutrients. Sulphur coated urea can let the fertilizer efficiency release slowly, has reduced the volume of volatilizing of urea to reach bigger absorption ratio, and among the sulphur coated urea, sulphur also can be absorbed by the plant as nutrient element, has alleviated the pressure of environment from the source, in addition, can also change the release rate of fertility through the thickness of adjustment resin, thereby comes the growth rhythm that adapts to different plants better. 5-8 parts of adsorbent can be used for capturing and adsorbing a small amount of low molecular weight substances such as isocyanate possibly remaining in the sponge foaming material, preventing the escape of free small molecular weight substances possibly existing in the raw materials and meeting the requirement of no toxicity of the matrix. 10-15 parts of straw fiber, the straw fiber is scattered and distributed to all places after being added, the early stage can play a role in strengthening, the apparent density of the urea resin foaming body at the lower layer is increased, the porosity is reduced, the integral strength of the material in the pressing process is improved, the foaming pores are prevented from being crushed and scattered during pressing, the straw fiber can be used as a plant growth nutrient source after later-stage decay, and simultaneously, a cavity channel formed after the decay can be better used for plant root growth and root cutting. The specific preparation process of the lower layer foaming material can be prepared by adopting a conventional industrial preparation mode of the urea resin foam material, and the specific process steps are not detailed here. In addition, the upper layer foaming material can also be prepared by a conventional polyurethane foaming material preparation method, and is generated by directly foaming the upper surface of the prepared lower layer foaming material in the same mold, and the specific preparation process is also the prior art and is not detailed here.
In the implementation, the water-retaining agent is a novel agricultural water-retaining agent prepared by graft copolymerization of modified soybean straws and acrylic acid.
Thus, the modified soybean straw and acrylic acid are graft copolymerized to prepare the novel agricultural water-retaining agent, the high-water-absorptivity organic molecule with an ionized group carboxyl structure has a network structure formed by cross-linking polymerization among molecules, contains a strong hydrophilic group, and has strong association effect on water through osmotic pressure generated by electrolyte ion concentration inside and outside the molecule. The water-absorbing and water-releasing agent absorbs more environmental water and releases less environmental water, and the water-absorbing and water-releasing agent is repeatedly circulated, only needs little irrigation or rainfall, is not easily damaged by microorganisms in the environment, can keep a three-dimensional structure for a long time, and supplies water to plants for a long time, and has high water absorption and water retention.
In practice, the adsorbent may be an aluminosilicate adsorbent and/or activated carbon. Has the advantages of good adsorptivity, safety and harmlessness.
When the upper layer foaming material is prepared, straw fibers with the mass ratio of 1-5% are added in the formula.
Therefore, the straw fiber can better improve the strength and the integrity of the upper layer foaming material, and simultaneously can be used as a plant growth nutrient source after later-stage decay, and the cavity formed after decay can be better used for plant germination and rooting. The other formulations of the upper layer foaming material can adopt the conventional hydrophilic polyurethane foaming material formulation, the foaming process can also adopt the conventional technology, only the foaming is controlled to be directly foamed on the basis of the lower layer foaming material, and the foaming porosity is controlled to be larger than that of the lower layer foaming material. When the method is implemented, the thickness of the upper layer foaming material is preferably one third to one half, so that the lower layer foaming material is thicker, and the function and the efficacy of the lower layer foaming material are better exerted.
Therefore, the soft foaming material with the double-layer foaming material structure prepared by the method has the characteristics of heavy bottom and light top, and the function of the lower-layer foaming material is more favorable for the germination and rooting of seeds. Straw fibers are added into the upper layer foaming material and the lower layer foaming material, the adding proportion of the lower layer foaming material is larger, the straw fibers can be wrapped by the urea-formaldehyde resin well, the straw fibers can also penetrate through the urea-formaldehyde resin well to form a network to a certain degree, and the network can well bear compression load. Meanwhile, the straw fiber can also fully play the role of the reinforcement, the stronger the capability of preventing cracks from generating and expanding due to the addition amount of the straw fiber, the correspondingly improved bending strength of the foam, and the functions of reinforcing and toughening the foam. And the whole body has the characteristics of convenient and quick manufacture, no toxicity, safety, good mechanical property, degradability, slow release of fertilizer, strong water retention and the like.
Claims (6)
1. The flexible foam material for turf cultivation is characterized by comprising a lower layer foam material and an upper layer foam material which are prepared into a whole in an overlapping mode.
2. A flexible foam for turf cultivation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lower layer foam is urea formaldehyde resin foam and the upper layer foam is hydrophilic polyurethane foam.
3. A flexible foam material for turf cultivation as claimed in claim 2, wherein the formulation of the lower layer foam material comprises the following ingredients in parts by mass when prepared: 90-110 parts of urea-formaldehyde resin as a main material, 1-6 parts of toluene diisocyanate as a foaming agent, 1-6 parts of tween-80 as a surfactant, 1-4 parts of tartaric acid as a curing agent, 5-10 parts of a water-retaining agent, 10-15 parts of sulfur-coated urea as a slow-release fertilizer, 5-8 parts of an adsorbent and 10-15 parts of straw fiber.
4. A flexible foam material for turf cultivation as claimed in claim 3, wherein the water retaining agent is a novel agricultural water retaining agent prepared by graft copolymerization of modified soybean straw and acrylic acid.
5. A flexible foam material for turf cultivation as claimed in claim 3 wherein the adsorbent may be an aluminosilicate adsorbent and/or activated carbon.
6. A flexible foam material for turf cultivation as claimed in claim 2, wherein the upper layer foam material is prepared by adding straw fiber in a proportion of 1-5% by mass to the formulation.
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| CN115462285B (en) | 2024-03-01 |
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| CN115362880B (en) | 2024-03-01 |
| CN113812309A (en) | 2021-12-21 |
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