CN115362772A - Deep-loosening fertilizing, deep-groove sowing and strip-shaped composite sowing machine for corn and soybean - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a deep-furrow sowing belt-shaped compound sowing machine for deep scarification and fertilization of corn and soybean, which comprises a traction device, a rotary tillage device, a fertilizer applying device, a bacterial fertilizer applying device, a soybean sowing device and a corn sowing device. Draw gear includes the frame, traction lever one, traction lever two, the power gearbox, driving motor, rotary cultivator attachment includes the rotary tillage axle, rotary tillage axle bearing, the transmission shaft, the baffle, the rotary blade, the cutting knife, the blade holder, it includes the chemical fertilizer case to execute the chemical fertilizer device, the chemical fertilizer pipe, it includes the bacterial fertilizer case to execute the bacterial fertilizer device, the bacterial fertilizer unloading pipe, soybean seeder includes soybean seeder connecting piece, the disc furrow opener, the kind of a ware is protected to the ship shape, soybean disseminator, soybean seed case, the press wheel, corn seeder includes maize seeder connecting piece, the disc furrow opener, the kind of a ware is protected to the ship shape, corn disseminator, corn seed case, the press wheel. The row spacing between the soybeans on the two sides is 30-35cm, the row spacing between the corns in the middle two rows is 45-50cm, and the row spacing between the corns and the soybeans is 60cm.

Description

Deep-loosening fertilizing, deep-groove sowing and strip-shaped composite sowing machine for corn and soybean

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of corn and soybean intercropping and sowing, and particularly relates to a deep-loosening, fertilizing, deep-groove sowing and strip-shaped composite sowing machine for corn and soybean.

Background

The intercropping is to plant different kinds of crops in a belt shape according to a certain row number and a certain occupied area on the same land, the intercropping is an agricultural production mode developed for fully utilizing space and resources by applying the spatial structure principle of communities, the intercropping can reasonably configure crop groups, and the land can be used for cultivating land and combining, so that the land competition of various crops is avoided, the land utilization rate is improved, the ventilation and light transmission conditions of the crops are improved, the light energy utilization rate is improved, the yield increasing effect of the edge row superiority is fully exerted, the pest and disease damage can be inhibited to a certain extent, and the method is a yield increasing and efficiency increasing measure in agriculture. Intercropping of gramineous crops with leguminous crops is a well-recognized optimal planting mode. The corn and the soybean are intercropped, so that the future grain and soybean requirements of China can be met, the grain and oil contradiction is effectively solved, and the national grain and oil safety is ensured.

With the development of modern agriculture, the mechanization degree of the sowing machine of various crops reaches a higher level, however, the existing corn sowing machine and the soybean sowing machine are independent and are not integrated, an integrated machine combined with a rotary cultivator is not provided, and some corn and soybean integrated sowing machines are simple improvements of the existing corn sowing machine. Because the root systems of the corn and the soybean are different, the requirements on the sowing depth are different, the sowing rows and the planting distances are different, the applied seed fertilizers are different, the intercropping sowing modes are different and the like, the research and development of the deep-loosening fertilizing, deep-groove sowing strip-shaped composite sowing machine for the corn and the soybean are very necessary.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a deep-loosening fertilizing, deep-groove sowing and strip-shaped composite sowing machine for corn and soybean, which can effectively solve the problems in the prior art.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.

The invention relates to a deep-furrow sowing belt-shaped compound sowing machine for deep scarification, fertilization and deep-furrow sowing of corn and soybean, which comprises a traction device, a rotary tillage device, a fertilizer applying device, a bacterial fertilizer applying device, a soybean sowing device and a corn sowing device. The sowing mode of the invention is one six rows, the middle two rows are corns, and the two sides are soybeans respectively.

The traction device comprises a rack, a first traction rod, a second traction rod, a power gearbox and a driving motor.

The rotary tillage device is arranged below the frame and comprises a rotary tillage shaft, a rotary tillage shaft bearing, a transmission shaft, a baffle, a rotary tillage cutter, a cutting knife and a knife holder. The rotary tillage shaft is fixed below the frame through a rotary tillage shaft bearing and a baffle, and the rotary tillage shaft is connected with the power transmission case through a transmission shaft. A plurality of tool holders are orderly distributed and welded on the rotary tillage shaft, and a plurality of rotary tillage tools and cutting tools are arranged on the tool holders. The rotary blade distribute in the dead ahead of seeder furrow opener, the angle of connection of the handle of a knife of rotary blade and rotary blade is 120 degrees, the cutting knife distribute between the rotary blade, the handle of a knife of cutting knife and the angle of connection of cutting blade are 90 degrees, the direction of rotary blade and cutting blade is with alternate arrangement. The baffle extends forwards, backwards and downwards, so that the baffle is enlarged as much as possible to reduce the outward splashing of the rotary tillage soil.

The fertilizer application device comprises a fertilizer box and a fertilizer pipe, wherein the fertilizer box is arranged above the frame, the bottom of the fertilizer box is connected with the fertilizer pipe by a rear connector, the top of the fertilizer pipe is provided with a fertilizer discharging device, the fertilizer discharging device is composed of a first transmission shaft, a first chain wheel and a first fertilizer discharging piece are arranged on the first transmission shaft, and the first chain wheel is connected with a chain wheel of a driving motor through a chain and is arranged on the first transmission shaft penetrating through the fertilizer pipe. The fertilizer tube is made of metal material, wherein the upper part is an oval straight tube, the middle lower part is an oval bent tube, the bottom is a plow-shaped head connected with the oval bent tube, the fertilizer tube is fixed on the frame, the middle lower part is inserted between the rotary tillage cutter and the cutting knife, the front and back positions of the plow-shaped bottom of the fertilizer tube are arranged under the rotary tillage shaft, the left and right positions are different due to the seeding of corn or soybean, the fertilizer is applied to two sides of the corn with fibrous root system and below the soybean with the straight root system, therefore, the plow-shaped bottom of the fertilizer tube is arranged at the positions of 80-90mm on two sides of the center of the corn furrow opener and on the center line of the soybean furrow opener, and the bottom end of the plow-shaped bottom is 50-60mm deeper than the bottommost end of the rotary tillage cutter, thereby playing the role of deep scarification and fertilization.

The fertile device of executing fungus include fungus fertile case, fungus fertile unloading pipe, the fungus fertile case is established in the frame top, the rear of chemical fertilizer device is executed, fungus fertile unloading pipe is connected to fungus fertile bottom of the case portion, the top of fungus fertile unloading pipe is equipped with row fertile device, the structure of arranging fertile device is the same with the row fertile structure of chemical fertilizer device of executing, by transmission shaft two, sprocket two and row fertile piece constitute, sprocket two is established on transmission shaft two, sprocket two is through two sprocket of connecting driving motor of chain, arrange fertile piece and establish on passing transmission shaft two in the fungus fertile unloading pipe. The bacterial fertilizer discharging pipe is made of a plastic hose, and the lower end of the bacterial fertilizer discharging pipe is fixed in the boat-shaped seed protector at the rear side of the disc furrow opener and communicated with the lower end head of the seed pipe.

The soybean seeding devices are arranged on two sides of the composite seeder, and two sets are respectively arranged on each side. The soybean seeding device comprises a soybean seeding device connecting piece, a disc furrow opener, a boat-shaped seed protecting device, a soybean seeding device, a soybean seed box and a press wheel. Soybean seeder connecting piece be side "T" font, the rear end in the frame is fixed to the upper end of connecting piece, the axle central authorities of disc furrow opener are connected to the lower extreme, fixed soybean seed case on the middle crosspiece section of connecting piece, fixed soybean disseminator under the middle crosspiece section, the articulated suppression wheel arm of lower part at middle crosspiece section middle part, be equipped with accommodate the lead screw between the rear end of middle crosspiece section and the suppression wheel arm, the accommodate the lead screw upper segment is equipped with spring and knob, middle crosspiece section middle part pin joint top is equipped with the steering sprocket, the height of the adjustable suppression wheel of adjust knob, reach the effect of adjusting the suppression degree of depth. The disk furrow opener is in a front-back splayed shape, the front end of the disk furrow opener is in a plow shape, the rear end of the disk furrow opener is provided with an opening, the rear part of a shaft of the disk furrow opener is connected with a boat-shaped seed protecting device formed by two symmetrical vertical plates, and the lowest end of the disk furrow opener is 20mm higher than the lowest end of the rotary blade. The soybean seeder is communicated with a soybean seed box on the upper part and a seed pipe on the lower part, and the lower end of the seed pipe extends into the inner side of the boat-shaped seed protector. The lower extreme of press wheel arm is connected the press wheel, and one side of press wheel is equipped with press sprocket, and press sprocket is connected through chain three, steering sprocket, chain four and soybean disseminator's sprocket, gives soybean disseminator power transmission by the press wheel, press wheel arm on be equipped with the tight wheel that expands of chain three. The soybean seeder adopts a double-grain seeder. The steering chain wheel is a double chain wheel which is arranged in parallel.

The corn seeding device is arranged in two lines at the center of the composite seeder, and comprises a corn seeding device connecting piece, a disc furrow opener, a boat-shaped seed protecting device, a corn seeding device, a corn seed box and a press wheel. The corn seeding device connecting piece constitute by mounting, slider, screw rod, connecting rod, handle, one side and the frame of mounting are fixed, and the opposite side middle part is equipped with vertical semicircular groove, is equipped with the neck semicircular groove that the diameter is less than semicircular groove between mounting top and the semicircular groove. The corn seeder is characterized in that the sliding part is fork-shaped, a semicircular thread groove corresponding to the semicircular groove of the fixing part is arranged in the middle of the upper portion of one side of the fork-shaped handle part, the semicircular thread groove of the sliding part is fixed relative to the semicircular groove of the fixing part, the fork part of the sliding part is divided into two forks for fixing the corn seeder and the disc opener respectively, and a supporting table of the corn seed box is arranged on one side of the fork part. The screw rod corresponds to the semicircular thread groove of the sliding part and is connected with the handle through the connecting rod. When the handle is rotated, the screw rod slides in situ in the semicircular groove of the fixing part, and the sliding part of the semicircular thread groove opposite to the screw thread moves up and down, so that the whole corn seeding device is driven to move up and down, and the function of adjusting the seeding depth is achieved. The lowest end of the disc colter of the corn seeding device is flush with the lowest end of the rotary blade. The corn seeder adopts a single-seed seeder.

The relative positions of the fertilizer, the bacterial manure and the seeds falling to the ground are that the bacterial manure and the seeds are in the same hole, the fertilizer hole of the soybean row belt is right in front of the seed hole, and the fertilizer holes of the corn row belt are arranged on two sides in front of the seed hole. The row spacing between the soybeans on the two sides is 30-35cm, the row spacing between the two middle rows of corns is 45-50cm, and the row spacing between the corns and the soybeans is 60cm.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) The invention combines the three functions of rotary tillage, fertilization and sowing into a whole, the rotary tillage device and the fertilizer applying device are arranged in front, the deep loosening and rotary tillage are carried out before sowing, and the fertilizer is applied to the position under the 50-60mm of the bottommost end of the rotary tillage cutter, thus playing the role of deep loosening and fertilization. (2) The sowing device is tightly connected behind the rotary tillage and fertilization device, the soybean sowing depth is adjusted by the traction device, the corn sowing depth is adjusted by a handle fixed on a connecting piece on the frame, the corn seed sowing depth is flush with the lowest end of the rotary tillage cutter, the corn deep-groove sowing function is realized, the soybean seed sowing depth is 20mm higher than the lowest end of the rotary tillage cutter, and the corn and the soybean are sown to different depths according to different requirements. (3) Considering the difference that corn is in fibrous root system and soybean is in taproot system, the invention applies the fertilizer to the two sides of the corn in fibrous root system and right under the taproot system soybean. (4) The invention combines corn and soybean strip-shaped sowing into a whole, two lines of corn are designed in the middle, the row spacing of the corn and the soybean is wide, and the tractor is convenient to operate on the ground during subsequent operation in the growing period.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the traction device and the rotary tillage device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a top view of the fertilizer box of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the corn planting device of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a left side view of the corn planter of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a fixture of the corn planting device of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a first schematic view of a sliding member of the corn sowing device.

FIG. 8 is a second schematic view of the sliding member of the corn seeding device of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a screw of the corn planting device of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the relative positions of the fertilizer, bacterial manure and seeds on the ground according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention is further elucidated with reference to the drawing.

As shown in figures 1, 2 and 3, the deep-loosening fertilizing deep-groove sowing strip-shaped compound sowing machine for corn and soybean comprises a traction device, a rotary tillage device, a fertilizer applying device, a bacterial fertilizer applying device, a soybean sowing device and a corn sowing device. The sowing mode of the invention is one six rows, the middle two rows are corns, and the two sides are soybeans respectively. The traction device comprises a frame 1, a traction rod I2, a traction rod II 3, a power gearbox 4 and a driving motor 5. The rotary tillage device is arranged below the frame 1 and comprises a rotary tillage shaft 6, a rotary tillage shaft bearing 7, a transmission shaft 8, a baffle 9, a rotary tillage blade 10, a cutting blade 11 and a blade holder 12. The rotary tillage shaft 6 is fixed below the frame 1 through a rotary tillage shaft bearing 7 and a baffle 9, and the rotary tillage shaft 6 is connected with the power transmission case 4 through a transmission shaft 8. A plurality of tool holders 12 are orderly distributed and welded on the rotary tillage shaft 6, and a plurality of rotary tillage tools 10 and cutting tools 11 are arranged on the tool holders 12. Rotary blade 10 distribute in the dead ahead of seeder furrow opener, the handle of a knife 13 of rotary blade 10 is 120 degrees with rotary blade edge 14's angle of connection, cutting knife 11 distribute between rotary blade 10, the handle of a knife 13 of cutting knife 11 is 90 degrees with cutting blade edge 15's angle of connection, rotary blade edge 14 and cutting blade edge 15's direction is with alternate arrangement. The baffle 9 is extended forwards, backwards and downwards, so that the baffle 9 is enlarged as much as possible to reduce the outward splashing of the rotary tillage soil. Fertilizer applying device include fertilizer box 16, chemical fertilizer pipe 17, fertilizer box 16 set up in 1 top in the frame, fertilizer pipe 17 is connected to the bottom of fertilizer box 16 by the back, fertilizer pipe 17's top is equipped with the fertilizer apparatus of arranging, and the fertilizer apparatus of arranging comprises transmission shaft 18, sprocket 19 and fertilizer piece 20, and sprocket 19 is established on transmission shaft 18, and sprocket 19 connects driving motor 5's sprocket through chain 21, and fertilizer piece 20 is established on passing transmission shaft 18 in the fertilizer pipe 17. The fertilizer tube 17 is made of metal material, wherein the upper part is an oval straight tube, the middle lower part is an oval bent tube, the bottom is a plow-shaped head part connected with the oval bent tube, the fertilizer tube 17 is fixed on the frame 1, the middle lower part is inserted between the rotary blade 10 and the cutting blade 11, the front and back positions of the plow-shaped bottom of the fertilizer tube 17 are arranged under the rotary tillage shaft 6, the left and right positions are different due to the sowing of corn or soybean, the fertilizer is applied to the two sides of the corn with fibrous root system and the lower part of the soybean with the fibrous root system, therefore, the plow-shaped bottom of the fertilizer tube 17 is arranged at the positions of 80-90mm of the two sides of the center of the corn furrow opener and on the center line of the soybean furrow opener, the bottom end of the plow-shaped bottom is 50-60mm deeper than the bottommost end of the rotary blade 10, and the function of deep loosening and fertilizing is achieved. Fertile device of executing include bacterial manure case 22, bacterial manure unloading pipe 23, bacterial manure case 22 is established in frame 1 top, the rear of chemical fertilizer device is executed, bacterial manure unloading pipe 23 is connected to bacterial manure bottom of the case portion, the top of bacterial manure unloading pipe 23 is equipped with the fertilizer apparatus of arranging, the structure of fertilizer apparatus is the same with the fertilizer structure of row of chemical fertilizer device of executing, by two 24 of transmission shafts, two 25 of sprocket and row fertilizer piece 20 constitute, two 25 of sprocket establish on two 24 of transmission shafts, two 25 of sprocket connect driving motor 5's sprocket through two 26 chains, arrange fertilizer piece 20 and establish on passing two 24 of transmission shafts in the bacterial manure unloading pipe 23. The bacterial manure discharge pipe 23 is made of a plastic hose, and the lower end of the bacterial manure discharge pipe 23 is fixed in the boat-shaped seed protection device 32 at the rear side of the disc furrow opener 31 and communicated with the lower end of the seed pipe 41. The soybean seeding devices are arranged on two sides of the compound seeder, and each side is respectively provided with two sets. The soybean seeding device comprises a soybean seeding device connecting piece 30, a disc colter 31, a boat-shaped seed protecting device 32, a soybean seeder 33, a soybean seed box 34 and a press wheel 35. Soybean seeder connecting piece 30 be side "T" font, the rear end at frame 1 is fixed to the upper end of connecting piece 30, the axle central authorities of disc furrow opener 31 are connected to the lower extreme, fixed soybean seed case 34 on the middle crosspiece section of connecting piece 30, fixed soybean disseminator 33 under the middle crosspiece section, the articulated suppression wheel arm 36 of lower part at middle crosspiece section middle part, be equipped with accommodate the lead screw 37 between the rear end of middle crosspiece section and suppression wheel arm 36, accommodate the lead screw 37 upper segment is equipped with spring 38 and knob 39, middle crosspiece section middle part pin joint top is equipped with steering sprocket 40, the height of the adjustable suppression wheel 36 of adjust knob 39, reach the effect of adjusting the suppression degree of depth. The disk furrow opener 31 is in a front-back splayed shape, the front end is in a plough shape, the rear end is open, the rear part of the shaft of the disk furrow opener 31 is connected with a boat-shaped seed protecting device 32 formed by two symmetrical vertical plates, and the lowest end of the disk furrow opener 31 is 20mm higher than the lowest end of the rotary blade 10. The soybean seeder 33 is communicated with the soybean seed box 34 at the upper part and communicated with the seed pipe 41 at the lower part, and the lower end of the seed pipe 41 extends into the inner side of the boat-shaped seed protecting device 32. Press wheel 35 is connected to the lower extreme of press wheel arm 36, and one side of press wheel 35 is equipped with press sprocket 42, and press sprocket 42 is connected with soybean disseminator 33's sprocket through three 43 of chain, steering sprocket 40, four 44 of chain, transmits power for soybean disseminator 33 by the press wheel, press wheel arm 36 on be equipped with the tight wheel that expands of three 43 of chain. The soybean seeder 33 adopts a double-grain seeder. The steering chain wheel 40 is a parallel double chain wheel.

As shown in fig. 4-9, the corn seeding device is arranged in two central rows of the compound seeding machine, and comprises a corn seeding device connecting piece, a disc furrow opener 31, a boat-shaped seed protecting device 32, a corn seeding device 50, a corn seed box 51 and a press wheel 35. The corn seeding device connecting piece comprises a fixing piece 52, a sliding piece 53, a screw 54, a connecting rod 55 and a handle 56, wherein one side of the fixing piece 52 is fixed with the rack 1, the middle part of the other side of the fixing piece is provided with a longitudinal semicircular groove 57, and a neck semicircular groove 58 with the diameter smaller than that of the semicircular groove 57 is arranged between the top of the fixing piece 52 and the semicircular groove 57. The sliding piece 53 is forked, a semicircular thread groove 60 corresponding to the semicircular groove 57 of the fixing piece 53 is arranged in the middle of one side of the forked handle 59, the semicircular thread groove 60 of the sliding piece 53 is fixed relative to the semicircular groove 57 of the fixing piece 53, the forked part 61 of the sliding piece 53 is forked to fix the corn seeder 50 and the disc opener 31 respectively, and a supporting platform 62 of the corn seed box 51 is arranged on one side of the forked part. The screw 54 corresponds to the semicircular thread groove 60 of the sliding part 53, and the screw 54 is connected with the handle 56 through the connecting rod 55. When the handle 56 is rotated, the screw 54 slides in situ in the semicircular groove 57 of the fixing member 52, and the sliding member 53 of the semicircular thread groove 60 opposite to the screw 54 moves up and down, so that the whole corn sowing device is driven to move up and down, and the function of adjusting the sowing depth is achieved. The lowest end of the disc furrow opener 31 of the corn seeding device is flush with the lowest end of the rotary blade 10. The corn seeder 50 adopts a single-seed seeder.

As shown in figure 10, the relative positions of the fertilizer, bacterial manure and seeds falling to the ground are that the bacterial manure 64 is in the same hole with the seed hole 65, the fertilizer hole 63 of the soybean row belt is right in front of the seed hole 65, and the fertilizer holes 63 of the corn row belt are on two sides in front of the seed hole 65. The row spacing between two sides of soybean is 30-35cm, the row spacing between two middle rows of corn is 45-50cm, and the row spacing between corn and soybean is 60cm.

Claims (4)

1. A deep-furrow sowing belt-shaped compound sowing machine for deep scarification, fertilization and sowing of corn and soybean comprises a traction device, a rotary tillage device, a fertilizer applying device, a bacterial fertilizer applying device, a soybean sowing device and a corn sowing device; the traction device comprises a rack, a first traction rod, a second traction rod, a power transmission case and a driving motor; the rotary tillage device is arranged below the frame and comprises a rotary tillage shaft, a rotary tillage shaft bearing, a transmission shaft, a baffle, a rotary tillage cutter, a cutting knife and a knife holder; the rotary tillage shaft is fixed below the frame through a rotary tillage shaft bearing and a baffle, and the rotary tillage shaft is connected with the power transmission case through a transmission shaft; a plurality of tool holders are orderly distributed and welded on the rotary tillage shaft, and a plurality of rotary tillage tools and cutting tools are arranged on the tool holders; the rotary tillage blades are distributed right in front of the seeder furrow opener, the connecting angle between the handle of the rotary tillage blades and the rotary tillage blade is 120 degrees, the cutting blades are distributed among the rotary tillage blades, the connecting angle between the handle of the cutting blades and the cutting blade is 90 degrees, and the rotary tillage blades and the cutting blade are arranged at intervals; the fertilizer applying device comprises a fertilizer box and a fertilizer pipe, wherein the fertilizer box is arranged above the rack, the bottom of the fertilizer box is connected with the fertilizer pipe by the back, the top of the fertilizer pipe is provided with a fertilizer discharging device, the fertilizer discharging device comprises a first transmission shaft, a first chain wheel and a first fertilizer discharging piece, the first chain wheel is arranged on the first transmission shaft, the first chain wheel is connected with a chain wheel of a driving motor through a chain, and the first fertilizer discharging piece is arranged on the first transmission shaft penetrating through the fertilizer pipe; the bacterial manure applying device comprises a bacterial manure box and a bacterial manure discharging pipe, wherein the bacterial manure box is arranged above the rack and behind the bacterial manure applying device, the bottom of the bacterial manure box is connected with the bacterial manure discharging pipe, the top of the bacterial manure discharging pipe is provided with a fertilizer applying device, the structure of the fertilizer applying device is the same as that of the fertilizer applying device, and the fertilizer applying device consists of a second transmission shaft, a second chain wheel and fertilizer applying pieces, the second chain wheel is arranged on the second transmission shaft, the second chain wheel is connected with a chain wheel of a driving motor through the second chain wheel, and the fertilizer applying pieces are arranged on the second transmission shaft penetrating through the bacterial manure discharging pipe; the fertilizer tube is characterized in that the middle upper part of the fertilizer tube is an oval straight tube, the middle lower part of the fertilizer tube is an oval bent tube, the bottom of the fertilizer tube is a plow-shaped head connected with the oval bent tube, the middle lower part of the fertilizer tube is fixedly inserted between the rotary tillage cutter and the cutting knife, the front and back positions of the plow-shaped bottom of the fertilizer tube are arranged right below the rotary tillage shaft, the plow-shaped bottom of the fertilizer tube is arranged at the positions of 80-90mm on two sides of the center of the corn furrow opener and on the central line of the soybean furrow opener, and the bottom end of the plow-shaped bottom is 50-60mm deeper than the bottommost end of the rotary tillage cutter; the bacterial fertilizer discharging pipe is made of a plastic hose, and the lower end of the bacterial fertilizer discharging pipe is fixed in the boat-shaped seed protecting device on the rear side of the disc furrow opener and communicated with the lower end head of the seed pipe; the soybean seeding devices are arranged on two sides of the composite seeder, and two sets of the soybean seeding devices are arranged on each side; the soybean seeding device comprises a soybean seeding device connecting piece, a disc furrow opener, a boat-shaped seed protecting device, a soybean seeding device, a soybean seed box and a press wheel; the soybean seeding device connecting piece is in a lateral T shape, the upper end of the connecting piece is fixed at the rear end of the rack, the lower end of the connecting piece is connected with the center of a shaft of the disc furrow opener, a soybean seed box is fixed on a middle crosspiece of the connecting piece, a soybean seeder is fixed below the middle crosspiece, a pressing wheel arm is hinged to the lower part of the middle crosspiece, an adjusting screw rod is arranged between the rear end of the middle crosspiece and the pressing wheel arm, a spring and a knob are arranged on the upper part of the adjusting screw rod, and a steering chain wheel is arranged above a hinge point in the middle of the middle crosspiece; the disk furrow opener is in a front-back splayed shape, the front end of the disk furrow opener is in a plow shape, the rear end of the disk furrow opener is provided with an opening, the rear part of a shaft of the disk furrow opener is connected with a ship-shaped seed protecting device formed by two symmetrical vertical plates, and the lowest end of the disk furrow opener is 20mm higher than the lowest end of the rotary blade; the upper part of the soybean seeder is communicated with a soybean seed box, the lower part of the soybean seeder is communicated with a seed pipe, and the lower end of the seed pipe extends into the inner side of the boat-shaped seed protector; the lower end of the press wheel arm is connected with a press wheel, one side of the press wheel is provided with a press chain wheel, the press chain wheel is connected with a chain wheel of the soybean seeder through a third chain, a steering chain wheel and a fourth chain, and the press wheel transmits power to the soybean seeder; the pressing wheel arm is provided with a third chain expansion wheel, and the steering chain wheel is a parallel double chain wheel; the corn seeding devices are arranged in two rows in the center of the composite seeder, and each corn seeding device comprises a corn seeding device connecting piece, a disc furrow opener, a boat-shaped seed protecting device, a corn seeder, a corn seed box and a press wheel; the corn seeding device connecting piece consists of a fixing piece, a sliding piece, a screw rod, a connecting rod and a handle, wherein one side of the fixing piece is fixed with the rack, the middle part of the other side of the fixing piece is provided with a longitudinal semicircular groove, and a neck semicircular groove with the diameter smaller than that of the semicircular groove is arranged between the top of the fixing piece and the semicircular groove; the corn seeder is characterized in that the sliding part is fork-shaped, a semicircular thread groove corresponding to the semicircular groove of the fixing part is arranged in the middle of one side of the fork-shaped handle part, the semicircular thread groove of the sliding part is fixed relative to the semicircular groove of the fixing part, the fork part of the sliding part is divided into two forks for respectively fixing the corn seeder and the disc opener, and a supporting table of the corn seed box is arranged on one side of the fork part; the screw rod corresponds to the semicircular thread groove of the sliding piece and is connected with the handle through the connecting rod; the lowest end of the disc furrow opener of the corn seeding device is flush with the lowest end of the rotary blade.

2. The deep-scarification fertilizing and deep-groove sowing belt-type compound sowing machine for corn and soybean as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the soybean sowing machine adopts a double-grain sowing machine.

3. The deep scarification, fertilization, deep groove sowing and belt-type compound sowing machine for corn and soybean as claimed in claim 1, wherein the corn sowing machine is a single-seed sowing machine.

4. The deep-loosening fertilizing, deep-groove sowing strip-shaped compound sowing machine for corn and soybean as claimed in claim 1, wherein the relative positions of the fertilizer, the bacterial manure and the seeds falling to the ground are that the bacterial manure and the seeds are in the same hole, the fertilizer hole of the soybean row belt is right in front of the seed hole, and the fertilizer hole of the corn row belt is on two sides of the front of the seed hole; the row spacing between two sides of soybean is 30-35cm, the row spacing between two middle rows of corn is 45-50cm, and the row spacing between corn and soybean is 60cm.

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