CN115316074A - Chain disc combination and bionic ditching layered deep organic fertilizer applicator for forest orchard - Google Patents
Chain disc combination and bionic ditching layered deep organic fertilizer applicator for forest orchard Download PDFInfo
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- CN115316074A CN115316074A CN202210875302.8A CN202210875302A CN115316074A CN 115316074 A CN115316074 A CN 115316074A CN 202210875302 A CN202210875302 A CN 202210875302A CN 115316074 A CN115316074 A CN 115316074A
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- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002881 soil fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003592 biomimetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000144730 Amygdalus persica Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000141359 Malus pumila Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006040 Prunus persica var persica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000220324 Pyrus Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021016 apples Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021017 pears Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
- A01C5/062—Devices for making drills or furrows
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
- A01B49/06—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Working Implements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a chain disc combination and bionic ditching layered deep organic fertilizer applicator for a forest orchard. The organic fertilizer layered deep applicator comprises: a fertilizer conveying part, a chain type ditching part, a double-disc mixing part, a frame and a power transmission part. The fertilizer conveying part uniformly scrapes fertilizer from the bottom of the fertilizer box through a fertilizer scraping plate, and divides the organic fertilizer into an upper layer and a lower layer through a door I and a door II; the chain type ditching part realizes deep ditching of soil, the ditching depth can reach 60cm, the soil is thrown backwards, and meanwhile, the lower-layer organic fertilizer is applied to the bottom of the ditch along the telescopic beam; the double-disc mixing component mixes the upper organic fertilizer spread on the ground surface, and the maximum mixing depth is 30cm. The invention solves the problems of fertilizer waste caused by the shallow fertilizing depth of the organic fertilizer of deep root crops, large resistance of deep ditches, high energy consumption, one-time application of the organic fertilizer, poor fertilizer effect and low fertilizer utilization rate caused by insufficient mixing of soil and the organic fertilizer, and improves the fine application of the organic fertilizer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural mechanical devices, in particular to a chain disc combination and bionic ditching layered deep organic fertilizer applicator for a forest orchard.
Background
The planting area of the forest fruits is wide in China, and the application of organic fertilizers becomes the primary choice of most farmers for increasing the crop yield of orchards and improving the fruit quality. At present, besides granular commercial organic fertilizers, compost, retting fertilizer, biogas fertilizer, green manure and the like exist, the variety is various, the variety of the fertilizers is greatly different, some fertilizers are in powder shape, and some fertilizers are doped with larger cohesive fertilizer blocks and have different sizes.
At present, some organic fertilizer applicators mainly comprise an organic fertilizer applicator and a disc type ditching fertilizer applicator in the market, however, the organic fertilizer applicator spreads the fertilizer on the ground surface in a large range, the fertilizer is easy to be bundled and piled intensively and applied unevenly, the fertilizer is exposed in the air, the fertilizer is easy to run off along with rainwater, the soil and the organic fertilizer cannot be fully mixed, the fertilizer efficiency is poor, and the utilization rate is low; the disc type ditching fertilizer applicator throws soil to two sides of a ditch, fertilizer is conveyed to the bottom of the ditch through the fertilizer applying mechanism, finally soil backfilling is realized through the backfilling mechanism, the ditching depth is less than or equal to 40cm, and for crops with deeper root systems, such as pears, apples, peach trees and the like, the ditching depth is shallow, so that the fertilizer application requirements of the crops with deep root systems can not be met.
The machine for independently ditching the deep trench is available in the market, the representative main machines are a disc type ditcher, a chain type ditcher and the like, the disc type ditcher is large in size and mainly used for excavating asphalt pavements, village ditches and the like for laying cables and pipelines, the chain type ditcher is small in size relative to the disc type ditcher, the ditching width is uniform, the ditching depth is adjustable, but the ditching resistance is large, and the energy consumption is high. Besides, the organic fertilizer ditching and fertilizing machines on the market are all disposable fertilization, namely, fertilizers are all arranged in ditches once, and for crops with deeper root systems, soil nutrients are distributed differently at different depths, and nutrients required by the root systems of the crops at different depths are different from each other, so that the disposable fertilization cannot realize fine fertilization of the fertilizers, fertilizer waste is caused, and layered fertilization is necessary in the depth direction.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a chain disc combination and bionic ditching layered deep organic fertilizer applicator for a forest orchard. The layered deep fertilizing machine adopts a chain type ditching mode, the maximum fertilizing depth is 60cm, the layered deep fertilizing machine is suitable for orchards with deeper crop roots, a bionic ditching cutter is designed according to the soil digging process of animals under soil, compared with the traditional ditching cutter, the effects of ditching, resistance reduction and consumption reduction are realized, meanwhile, the upper layer and the lower layer of fertilization can be realized in the depth direction, and the refined application of organic fertilizers is improved; the fertilizer and the soil can be fully mixed in the application process of the organic fertilizer, the fertilizer loss is reduced, the utilization rate of the fertilizer is improved, and a new device is provided for the development of the layered deep application technology of the organic fertilizer in orchards in China
In order to achieve the above purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a forest orchard fertilizer layering deep placement machine of chain dish combination and bionical ditching which characterized in that: comprises a frame 4, a fertilizer conveying part 1, a chain type ditching part 2, a double-disc mixing part 3 and a power transmission part 5 which are fixedly arranged on the frame 4;
the power transmission part 5 provides power for the fertilizer conveying part 1, the chain type ditching part 2 and the double-disc mixing part 3;
the rack 4 mainly plays a role in supporting and bearing and bears the weight of other parts and organic fertilizer;
the fertilizer delivery part 1 is used for: carrying organic fertilizer and respectively conveying the organic fertilizer to the chain type ditching part 2 and the front of the disc type mixing part 3;
the chain type ditching part 2 is used for: the deep ditching of soil is realized, the ditching depth can reach 60cm, the cut soil is thrown backwards to the front of the double-disc mixing part 3, and the conveyed organic fertilizer (lower-layer organic fertilizer) is mixed with the soil at the bottom of the ditch;
the double disc mixing section 3 is used for: the upper soil and the organic fertilizer are fully mixed; .
On the basis of the scheme, the frame 4 comprises a three-point suspension 401, one end of a lower frame 404 is fixedly connected with the suspension 401, the other end of the lower frame 404 is provided with two groups of depth wheels 403, one group of depth wheels is positioned behind the lower frame 404 and is fixedly connected with the lower frame 404, and the other group of depth wheels is fixedly connected with the double-disc mixing part 3; the upper rack 402 is positioned above the lower rack 404, and the upper rack 402 is fixedly connected with the lower rack 404;
the upper frame 402 is used for supporting the fertilizer conveying part 1;
the three-point suspension 401 is used for being connected with a tractor in a hanging mode;
the depth wheel 403 is used for supporting the chain disc combination and bionic ditching organic fertilizer layering deep placement machine for the forest orchard.
On the basis of the scheme, the fertilizer conveying part 1 comprises a fertilizer box 101 which is arranged above an upper layer rack 402, a fertilizer outlet is formed in one side of the fertilizer box 101, and a partition plate 111 is arranged in the fertilizer box and close to the fertilizer outlet, so that the upper layer and the lower layer of the organic fertilizer are accurately layered; a fertilizer outlet of the fertilizer box 101 is provided with a door I104 and a door II 105, and the door I104 and the door II 105 are respectively provided with a hand wheel I106 and a hand wheel II 107 for adjusting the opening heights of the door I104 and the door II 105;
a driving shaft 108 and a driven shaft 114 are arranged below the fertilizer box 101, two ends of the driving shaft 108 and the driven shaft 114 are respectively and fixedly provided with a circular chain wheel 103, and two circular chains 102 respectively wind the circular chain wheels 103 arranged at two ends of the driving shaft 108 and the driven shaft 114 and are meshed and connected with the circular chain wheels 103; a plurality of fertilizer scraping plates 110 are arranged between the two circular ring chains 102 at equal intervals, two end faces of each fertilizer scraping plate 110 are fixedly connected with the two circular ring chains 102 respectively, and the fertilizer scraping plates 110 move along with the circular ring chains 102 to drive the fertilizer to move towards the fertilizer outlet;
the fertilizer discharging disc I112 and the fertilizer discharging disc II 113 are arranged below the driving shaft 108 and are used for receiving fertilizer discharged through the door I104 and the door II 105;
the lower support plate 109 is disposed between the driving shaft 108 and the driven shaft 114, and is fixedly connected to the frame 4.
On the basis of the scheme, the chain type ditching part 2 comprises an ascending frame 201, wherein the ascending frame 201 is formed by fixedly connecting a bottom beam 205, a front fixing beam 203, a sliding beam 204 and a lifting beam 202, the sliding beam 204 is positioned in an ascending slide rail 212 and can slide in the ascending slide rail 212, and the ascending slide rail 212 is fixedly connected with a lower-layer rack 404;
the bottom beam 205 is provided with two vertical bearing seats 211, the short shaft 210 penetrates through the two vertical bearing seats, and the short shaft 210 is connected with a chain type ditching device;
one end of the vertical hydraulic cylinder 206 is connected with the frame 4 through an earring, and the other end is connected with the lifting beam 202 through an earring, so as to control the lifting of the chain type ditching part 2; one end of the inclined hydraulic cylinder 207 is connected with the front fixed beam 203 through an earring, and the other end of the inclined hydraulic cylinder is connected with the forced beam 208 through an earring so as to control the chain type ditching device to rotate around the short shaft 210;
on the basis of the scheme, the chain type ditching device comprises a telescopic beam 214, a driving chain wheel 213, a driven chain wheel 216 and a soil throwing chain wheel 217 are arranged on the telescopic beam 214 in a triangular shape, a ditching chain 218 is meshed and connected with the driving chain wheel 213, the driven chain wheel 216 and the soil throwing chain wheel 217, and the ditching chain 218 is divided into a soil cutting edge 230 and a soil throwing edge 231 according to the operation process;
the strong pressure beam 208 is fixedly connected to the telescopic beam 214, and the soil retaining cover 209 is fixedly connected to the strong pressure beam 208;
the short shaft 210 penetrates through the vertical bearing seat 211 and is connected with a driving chain wheel 213;
a plurality of bionic ditching knives are alternately and fixedly connected with the two sides of the ditching chain 218.
On the basis of the scheme, the bionic type ditching cutter comprises a soil throwing palm 221, a bionic soil cutting finger 219 is arranged at the position of a blade at the wider end of the soil throwing palm 221, and two rows of soil crushing teeth 220 which are arranged in a staggered mode are arranged behind the bionic soil cutting finger 219;
the bionic type ditching cutter 215 performs soil cutting operation on the chain soil cutting edge 230, and soil cut by the soil cutting fingers 219 is crushed by the soil crushing teeth 220; the closer the soil throwing palm 221 is to the soil cutting finger 219, the lower the palm surface is, the farther the soil throwing palm 221 is from the soil cutting finger 219, the higher the palm surface is, so that the crushed soil can be carried with the soil through the soil throwing palm 221 part of the bionic type ditching cutter, and is thrown out through the chain soil throwing edge 231;
the bionic type ditching knives are divided into different sizes according to ditching widths, and the shapes of the bionic type ditching knives 215 which are fixedly connected with the two sides of the ditching chain 218 and have the same size are mirror images; the two sides of the ditching chain 218 are alternately and fixedly connected with a plurality of bionic ditching knives 215 according to the size sequence from small to large, and the plurality of bionic ditching knives 215 fixedly connected with each side of the ditching chain 218 are circularly arranged according to the size sequence.
On the basis of the scheme, the double-disc mixing part 3 comprises a support beam 303, a reversing box 302 and an arc-shaped housing 304 are fixedly arranged on the support beam 303, an output shaft of the reversing box 302 is connected with the center of the double disc 301, and a common ditching knife 305 is fixedly arranged on the double disc 301;
the group of depth wheels 403 fixedly connected with the double-disc mixing part 3 is fixedly arranged on the supporting beam 303;
the reversing box 302 is fixedly arranged on the support beam 303 (in a B6 mode), an output shaft of the reversing box 302 is connected with the center of the double-disc 301 to drive the double-disc 301 to rotate at a high speed, and the depth of the double-disc 301 in the soil is 30cm;
the common ditching knife 305 can realize the full mixing of 0-30cm of soil and organic fertilizer;
the supporting beam 303 is used for supporting the weight of the steering box and the double discs 301;
the arc-shaped housing 304 is used for preventing the upper-layer soil organic fertilizer mixture from splashing in a large range.
On the basis of the above scheme, the power transmission part 5 includes an intermediate gearbox 501, and the intermediate gearbox 501 is fixedly installed on the lower frame 404; the intermediate transmission 501 is a single input shaft, left and right, and rear three-shaft output, the input shaft is connected with a tractor PTO (power take-off) shaft through a universal joint (universal joint coupler), and the tractor provides power;
the left output shaft of the intermediate gearbox 501 is connected with the short shaft 210 through a universal joint coupler I502 to provide power for the short shaft, so that the ditching chain 218 is reversed and soil is thrown backwards;
the rear output shaft of the intermediate gearbox 501 is connected with the front short shaft 507 through a double-row chain I506 to realize first-stage speed reduction;
one end of the front short shaft 507, which is close to the double-row chain I506, is connected with an input shaft of the parallel shaft gearbox 504 through a single-row chain I503 to realize secondary speed reduction;
an output shaft of the parallel shaft gearbox 504 is connected with the driving shaft 108 through a single-row chain II 505 to provide power for the fertilizer conveying device, and the parallel shaft gearbox 504 is used for changing the rotation direction of the chain wheel;
the other end of the front short shaft 507 is connected with a rear short shaft 509 through a universal joint coupler II 508, and the rear short shaft 509 is connected with the reversing box 302 through a double-row chain II 510 to provide power input for the reversing box 302.
The double-row chains I and II respectively comprise: two duplex chain wheels and a duplex chain;
the double-row chains of the double-row chains I and II are meshed with the two double-row chain wheels, and the power of one double-row chain wheel is transmitted to the other double-row chain wheel;
on the basis of the above technical solution, the intermediate transmission 501 adopts a speed ratio of 2: 1, the transmission ratio of the parallel shaft gearbox 504 is 1:1, the transmission ratio of the reversing box 302 is 1:1;
on the basis of the technical scheme, the tractor comprises: a tractor with 60-80 horsepower.
The invention relates to a chain disc combination and bionic ditching layered deep organic fertilizer applicator for a forest orchard, which has the beneficial effects that:
can realize opening the zanjon operation, design bionical type ditching sword, realize ditching drag reduction consumption reduction's effect, realize the layering of fertilizer in the depth direction (upper and lower two-layer is used), realize soil fertilizer intensive mixing, it is shallower to have solved among the background art ditching degree of depth, the fertilizer is once used and the extravagant problem of fertilizer that causes, has also solved simultaneously that soil fertilizer mixes inadequately, and fertilizer efficiency performance effect is poor, the problem of low-usage.
Drawings
The invention has the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of an organic fertilizer layered deep placement machine for a forest orchard, which is provided with a chain disc combination and bionic ditching;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a chain type ditching part 2 lifted from a ground surface;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the fertilizer delivery part 1;
fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the fertilizer delivery portion 1;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the ascending frame 201;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a bionic-type furrowing blade 215;
FIG. 7 is a side view of the biomimetic trenching knife 215;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the chain type furrowing device (showing the layout of the bionic type furrowing knives of various types on the furrowing chain 218);
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of the chain type ditching part 2;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the double-disk mixing section 3;
fig. 11 is a schematic perspective view of the frame 4;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the power transmission portion 5;
FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a chain-disk combination and bionic ditching machine for layered deep application of organic fertilizer in a forest orchard.
Reference numerals:
1. a fertilizer conveying part, 2, a chain type ditching part, 3, a double-disc mixing part, 4, a rack, 5, a power transmission part, 6, a ground surface, 101, a fertilizer box, 102, a circular chain, 103, a circular chain wheel, 104, a door I,105, a door II,106, a hand wheel I,107, a hand wheel II,108, a driving shaft, 109, a lower supporting plate, 110, a fertilizer scraping plate, 111, a clapboard, 112, a fertilizer discharging plate I, 113, a fertilizer discharging plate II,114, a driven shaft, 201, a lifting frame, 202, a lifting beam, 203, a front fixed beam, 204, a sliding beam, 205, a bottom beam, 206, a vertical hydraulic cylinder, 207, an inclined hydraulic cylinder, 208, a forced pressing beam, 209, a soil retaining housing, 210, a short shaft, 211, a vertical bearing seat, 212, a lifting slide rail, 213, a driving chain wheel, 214, a telescopic beam, 215, a bionic type ditching knife, 216, a driven chain wheel, 217, a soil throwing chain wheel, 218, a ditching chain, 219 and a bionic soil cutting finger, 220, soil crushing teeth, 221, a soil throwing palm, 222, 12cm right bionic type ditching cutter, 223, 12cm left bionic type ditching cutter, 224, 20cm right bionic type ditching cutter, 225, 20cm left bionic type ditching cutter, 226, 25cm right bionic type ditching cutter, 227, 25cm left bionic type ditching cutter, 228, 30cm right bionic type ditching cutter, 229, 30cm left bionic type ditching cutter, 230, soil cutting edge, 231, soil throwing edge, 301, double discs, 302, reversing box, 303, supporting beam, 304, arc housing, 401, three-point suspension, 402, upper frame, 403, depth limiting wheel, 404, lower frame, 501, middle gear box, 502, universal joint coupler I,503, single-row chain I,504, parallel shaft gear box 505, single-row chain II,506, double-row chain I, 507, front short shaft, 508, universal joint coupler II,509, rear gear box, 510, double-row chain I, 510, double-row chain II, short shaft, and the like
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In this embodiment, the tree-point suspension 401 is placed in front of the chain disk combination and the bionic ditching forest orchard organic fertilizer layering deep placement machine, faces the chain disk combination and the bionic ditching forest orchard organic fertilizer layering deep placement machine, the left hand is the left end, the right hand is the right end, and the expressions of "left" and "right" mentioned hereinafter are the same as the expressions of "left end" and "right end" mentioned above.
A chain-disc combination and bionic ditching organic fertilizer layered deep placement machine for forest orchards as shown in figures 1-10, comprising: a fertilizer conveying part 1, a chain type ditching part 2, a double-disc mixing part 3, a rack 4 and a power transmission part 5.
The fertilizer conveying part 1 is rotated by two groups of circular chain wheels 103, a fertilizer scraping plate 110 welded in the middle is driven to rotate on the surface of a lower supporting plate 109 through a circular chain 102, fertilizer scraping from the bottom of a fertilizer box 101 is realized, the reference is made by figures 1-4, the rotating direction of the circular chain wheel 103 is forward, the opening heights of a door I104 and a door II 105 are respectively adjusted through a hand wheel I106 and a hand wheel II 107, an organic fertilizer passing through the door I104 falls into a fertilizer discharging plate I112 as an upper layer organic fertilizer, an organic fertilizer passing through the door II 105 falls into a fertilizer discharging plate II 113 as a lower layer organic fertilizer, and the higher the opening height is, the larger the fertilizing amount is.
Use fig. 3 as the reference, be close to exit fixed stop 111 in fertile case 101, the effect of baffle 111 can be accurate with upper and lower two-layer fertilizer separation, use fig. 1 as the reference, arrange fertile dish I112 and arrange fertile dish II 113 and lead upper and lower two-layer fertilizer to relevant position respectively, and upper strata fertilizer falls on double disc 301 mixed part 3 preceding, and lower floor's fertilizer is executed at the bottom of the ditch along telescopic girder 214.
The chain in the chain type ditching part 2 is driven to rotate by a short shaft 210 penetrating through a vertical bearing seat 211, and the short shaft 210 is connected with a universal joint coupler I502. Referring to fig. 8, the ditching chain is surrounded by the driving sprocket 213, the driven sprocket 216 and the soil throwing sprocket 217 and is shaped like a triangle, the bionic ditching knives 215 are fixed on the chain through bolts, the bionic ditching knives 215 are installed on the chain in a left-right staggered mode, the rotation direction is anticlockwise rotation, and downward soil cutting and backward soil throwing are achieved.
Referring to fig. 5 and 9, the upper end of a vertical hydraulic cylinder 206 in the chain type ditching part 2 is connected with a lifting beam 202 in a lifting frame 201, a sliding beam 204 in the lifting frame 201 is positioned in a lifting slide rail 212 and can slide in the slide rail, and the extension and retraction of the vertical hydraulic cylinder 206 realize the lifting and lowering of the whole chain type ditching part 2. One end of the tilting hydraulic cylinder 207 is connected with the strong pressure beam 208, the other end of the tilting hydraulic cylinder is connected with the front fixed beam 203 in the ascending frame 201, and the chain can rotate around the short shaft 210 through the extension and retraction of the tilting hydraulic cylinder 207.
The bionic type ditching cutter 215 is divided into a left cutter and a right cutter according to the cutter direction and the size, the left cutter is fixed to the left side of the ditching chain 218, and the right cutter is fixed to the right side of the ditching chain 218; according to the ditching width, the bionic ditching knife 215 has the sizes of 12cm, 20cm, 25cm, 30cm and the like, and the larger the size is, the larger the ditching width is; the shapes of the left knife and the right knife with the same size are mirror images.
It should be noted that: in this embodiment, the components numbered 222-229 shown in FIG. 8 are examples of different dimensions of the biomimetic trenching blade 215.
The bionic ditching knives 215 are arranged on the two sides of the ditching chain 218 in an alternating and circulating manner according to the sequence from small to large (in the embodiment, the bionic ditching knives 222 at the right side of 12cm, 223 at the left side of 12cm, 224 at the right side of 20cm, 225 at the left side of 20cm, 226 at the right side of 25cm, 227 at the left side of 25cm, 228 at the right side of 30cm and 229 at the left side of 30 cm).
The double-disc mixing part 3 is positioned behind the chain type ditching part 2, referring to fig. 10, common ditching cutters 305 of different types are fastened on the outer edge of the double disc 301 through bolts, the center of the double disc 301 is connected with an output shaft of the reversing box 302, the reversing box 302 drives the double disc 301 to rotate at a high speed, the reversing box 302 and the arc-shaped housing 304 are fixed on the supporting beam 303 through bolts, and the maximum mixing depth of the double disc 301 is 30cm.
The three-point suspension 401 of the frame 4 is used for being connected with a tractor, the upper frame 402 supports the fertilizer box 101, the lower frame 404 is connected with the upper frame 402 and the three-point suspension 401, the depth wheel 403 is located behind the lower frame 404, the right side of the depth wheel is fixedly connected with the lower frame 404 of the depth wheel, and the left depth wheel 403 is fixedly connected with the supporting beam 303 located behind the lower frame 404 through a bolt.
The power transmission portion 5 includes: the transmission comprises an intermediate gearbox 501, a parallel shaft gearbox 504, a double-row chain I506, a double-row chain II 510, a single-row chain I503, a single-row chain II 505, a universal joint coupler I502 and a universal joint coupler II 508;
with reference to fig. 12, the PTO shaft of the tractor is connected to the intermediate transmission 501 through a universal shaft coupler (i.e., a universal joint), the left output shaft of the intermediate transmission 501 is connected to the stub shaft 210 through a universal joint coupler I502 to provide power for the chain type ditching portion 2, and the rear output shaft is connected to the front stub shaft 507 through a double-row chain I506 to realize first-stage speed reduction; the front short shaft 507 is connected with an input shaft of a parallel shaft gearbox 504 through a single-row chain I503 to realize secondary speed reduction, and an output shaft of the parallel shaft gearbox 504 is connected with a driving shaft 108 of the fertilizer conveying part 1 through a single-row chain II 505 to provide power for the fertilizer conveying part 1; the front short shaft 507 is connected with the rear short shaft 509 through a universal joint coupler II 508, and the rear short shaft 509 is connected with an input shaft of the reversing box 302 through a double-row chain II 510 to provide power for the double-disc mixing part 3.
The invention relates to a chain disc combination and bionic ditching rotary organic fertilizer application device for a forest orchard, which comprises the following working processes:
the tractor PTO shaft provides power and is connected with the intermediate gearbox 501 through a universal joint, one part of the intermediate gearbox 501 transmits the power to the chain type ditching part 2, the other part transmits the power to the fertilizer conveying part 1, the other part transmits the power to the double-disc mixing part 3, and the lifting hydraulic cylinder and the inclined hydraulic cylinder work together to realize the adjustment of the ditching depth. When the machine works, the machine is hung on a tractor through a three-point suspension 401 device, the machine is driven to the ground, the chain type ditching part 2 is about 50cm away from the root of a crop, the power output of the tractor is started, the telescopic rod of the inclined hydraulic cylinder 207 extends out completely, then the telescopic rod of the vertical hydraulic cylinder 206 contracts slowly, the chain type ditching part 2 enters the soil slowly, the soil is thrown backwards through the bionic type ditching knife 215 on the chain, the thrown soil falls back under the blocking of the soil retaining housing 209 until the vertical hydraulic cylinder 206 retracts completely, and the maximum ditching depth is reached and the chain type ditching part 2 is sent to the ground surface; stop tractor power take off, fill fertile case 101 with the fertilizer, distribute rotatory hand wheel I106 according to the crop root system, two-layer fertilizer fertilization volume about hand wheel II 107 adjusts, start tractor power take off and simultaneously advance with climbing the fender, the in-process advances, manual regulation gauge wheel 403, until reversing box 302 lower surface in the two-disc mixing portion 3 is close the earth's surface, reach steady operating condition this moment, advance with this state, the ditch bottom is executed to lower floor's fertilizer, mix with ditch bottom soil, upper fertilizer is applyed in the place ahead earth's surface of two-disc mixing portion 3, realize upper fertilizer and soil intensive mixing through two-disc mixing portion 3, the whole process has realized the soil and has dug ditch deeply, the operation process of fertilizer layering application and soil fertilizer mixture.
In the device of the present invention, it should be noted that there are many small components of the present invention, which need to be fixed, so for convenience of description, the drawings are simplified and easy to understand as much as possible, bolt holes and welding seams on the frame and other non-main components have been omitted, although the drawings are not specifically shown, the description in the specification is clear enough, and the bolt connection or the welding is adopted, and the omission of the small positions does not affect the understanding of the present invention.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative, and not restrictive, and those skilled in the relevant art can make changes, modifications, additions, substitutions and the like without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and shall fall within the scope of the claims of the invention.
It should also be noted that the tiny structure of the bionic ditching cutter is more and is described in detail in fig. 6, 7 and 8, while the chain type ditching portion in fig. 1, 2 and 9 has been omitted in order to highlight the features of other components outside the bionic ditching cutter and to reduce the unclear photos caused by too many lines in the bionic ditching, and the omission does not affect reading and understanding.
The embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and are not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the invention in the form disclosed. Many modifications will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art.
Those not described in detail in this specification are within the skill of the art.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a forest orchard fertilizer layering deep placement machine of chain dish combination and bionical ditching which characterized in that: comprises a frame (4), a fertilizer conveying part (1), a chain type ditching part (2), a double-disc mixing part (3) and a power transmission part (5) which are fixedly arranged on the frame (4).
2. The organic fertilizer layered deep applicator for the forest orchard, which is provided with the chain disc combination and the bionic ditching as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the machine frame (4) comprises a three-point suspension (401), one end of a lower-layer machine frame (404) is fixedly connected with the suspension (401), the other end of the lower-layer machine frame (404) is provided with two groups of depth wheels (403), one group of depth wheels is fixedly connected with the lower-layer machine frame (404), and the other group of depth wheels is fixedly connected with the double-disc mixing part (3); the upper-layer rack (402) is positioned above the lower-layer rack (404), and the upper-layer rack (402) is fixedly connected with the lower-layer rack (404);
the upper layer rack (402) is used for supporting the fertilizer conveying part (1);
the three-point suspension (401) is used for being connected with a tractor in a hanging mode;
the depth wheel (403) is used for supporting the chain disc combination and bionic ditching organic fertilizer layering deep placement machine for the forest orchard.
3. The orchard organic fertilizer layering deep fertilizing machine with chain disc combination and bionic ditching as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the fertilizer conveying part (1) comprises a fertilizer box (101) arranged above an upper layer rack (402), a fertilizer outlet is formed in one side of the fertilizer box (101), a partition plate (111) is arranged in the fertilizer box at a position close to the fertilizer outlet, a door I (104) and a door II (105) are arranged at the fertilizer outlet of the fertilizer box (101), and a hand wheel I (106) and a hand wheel II (107) are respectively arranged on the door I (104) and the door II (105) and used for adjusting the opening heights of the door I (104) and the door II (105);
a driving shaft (108) and a driven shaft (114) are arranged below the fertilizer box (101), two ends of the driving shaft (108) and the driven shaft (114) are respectively and fixedly provided with a circular chain wheel (103), and two circular chains (102) are respectively wound on the circular chain wheels (103) at two ends of the driving shaft (108) and the driven shaft (114) and are meshed with the circular chain wheels (103); a plurality of fertilizer scraping plates (110) are arranged between the two circular ring chains (102), the fertilizer scraping plates (110) are arranged at equal intervals, two end faces of each fertilizer scraping plate (110) are fixedly connected with the two circular ring chains (102) respectively, and the fertilizer scraping plates (110) move along with the circular ring chains (102) to drive the fertilizer to move towards the fertilizer outlet;
the fertilizer discharging disc I (112) and the fertilizer discharging disc II (113) are arranged below the driving shaft (108) and are used for receiving fertilizer discharged through the door I (104) and the door II (105);
the lower supporting plate (109) is arranged between the driving shaft (108) and the driven shaft (114) and is fixedly connected with the rack (4).
4. The orchard organic fertilizer layering deep fertilizing machine with chain disc combination and bionic ditching as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the chain type ditching part (2) comprises a rising frame (201), the rising frame (201) is formed by fixedly connecting a bottom beam (205), a front fixed beam (203), a sliding beam (204) and a lifting beam (202) with each other, the sliding beam (204) is positioned in a rising slide rail (212) and can slide in the rising slide rail (212), and the rising slide rail (212) is fixedly connected with a lower-layer rack (404);
two vertical bearing seats (211) are arranged on the bottom beam (205), a short shaft (210) penetrates through the two vertical bearing seats, and a chain type ditching device is connected to the short shaft (210);
one end of the vertical hydraulic cylinder (206) is connected with the frame (4) through an earring, and the other end of the vertical hydraulic cylinder is connected with the lifting beam (202) through the earring and used for controlling the lifting of the chain type ditching part (2); one end of the inclined hydraulic cylinder (207) is connected with the front fixed beam (203) through an ear ring, and the other end of the inclined hydraulic cylinder is connected with the forced pressing beam (208) through an ear ring, so as to control the chain type ditching device to rotate around the short shaft (210).
5. The chain disc combined and bionic ditching organic fertilizer layered deep applicator for the forest orchard according to claim 4, characterized in that: the chain type ditching device comprises a telescopic beam (214), a driving chain wheel (213), a driven chain wheel (216) and a soil throwing chain wheel (217) are installed on the telescopic beam (214) in a triangular shape, a ditching chain (218) is meshed and connected with the driving chain wheel (213), the driven chain wheel (216) and the soil throwing chain wheel (217), and the ditching chain (218) is divided into a soil cutting edge (230) and a soil throwing edge (231) according to the operation process;
the strong pressure beam (208) is fixedly connected to the telescopic beam (214), and the soil retaining cover (209) is fixedly connected to the strong pressure beam (208);
the short shaft (210) penetrates through the vertical bearing seat (211) to be connected with a driving chain wheel (213);
the two sides of the ditching chain (218) are alternately and fixedly connected with a plurality of bionic ditching knives (215).
6. The orchard organic fertilizer layering deep fertilizing machine with chain disc combination and bionic ditching as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: the bionic ditching cutter (215) comprises a soil throwing palm (221), a bionic soil cutting finger (219) is arranged at the position of a blade at the wider end of the soil throwing palm (221), and two rows of soil crushing teeth (220) which are arranged in a staggered mode are arranged behind the bionic soil cutting finger (219);
the bionic ditching knives (215) are divided into different sizes according to ditching widths, and the shapes of the bionic ditching knives (215) which are fixedly connected with the two sides of the ditching chain (218) and have the same size are mirror images; the two sides of the ditching chain (218) are alternately and fixedly connected with a plurality of bionic type ditching knives (215) according to the size sequence from small to large, and the bionic type ditching knives (215) fixedly connected with each side of the ditching chain (218) are circularly arranged according to the size sequence.
7. The chain disc combination and bionic ditching organic fertilizer layering deep applicator for the forest orchard according to claim 2, characterized in that: the double-disc mixing part 3 comprises a supporting beam (303), a reversing box (302) and an arc-shaped housing (304) are fixedly arranged on the supporting beam (303), an output shaft of the reversing box (302) is connected with the center of the double discs (301), and a common ditching knife (305) is fixedly arranged on the double discs (301);
the group of depth wheels (403) fixedly connected with the double-disc mixing part (3) are fixedly arranged on the supporting beam (303);
the support beam (303) is positioned behind the lower-layer rack (404) and is fixedly connected with the lower-layer rack (404).
8. The orchard organic fertilizer layering deep fertilizing machine with chain disc combination and bionic ditching as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: the power transmission part 5 comprises an intermediate gearbox (501), and the intermediate gearbox (501) is fixedly arranged on the lower-layer rack (404);
the left output shaft of the intermediate gearbox (501) is connected with the short shaft (210) through a universal joint coupler I (502);
the rear output shaft of the intermediate gearbox (501) is connected with a front short shaft (507) through a double-row chain I (506);
one end of the front short shaft (507) close to the double-row chain I (506) is connected with an input shaft of the parallel shaft gearbox (504) through the single-row chain I (503);
the output shaft of the parallel shaft gearbox (504) is connected with the driving shaft (108) through a single-row chain II (505);
the other end of the front short shaft (507) is connected with a rear short shaft (509) through a universal joint coupler II (508), and the rear short shaft (509) is connected with the reversing box (302) through a double-row chain II (510).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210875302.8A CN115316074B (en) | 2022-07-22 | 2022-07-22 | Chain disc combination and bionic ditching type forest orchard organic fertilizer layering deep-fertilizing machine |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210875302.8A CN115316074B (en) | 2022-07-22 | 2022-07-22 | Chain disc combination and bionic ditching type forest orchard organic fertilizer layering deep-fertilizing machine |
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