CN115286458A - Pesticide-fertilizer formula for promoting rice tillering and preventing and treating insect pests and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Pesticide-fertilizer formula for promoting rice tillering and preventing and treating insect pests and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115286458A CN115286458A CN202211030726.0A CN202211030726A CN115286458A CN 115286458 A CN115286458 A CN 115286458A CN 202211030726 A CN202211030726 A CN 202211030726A CN 115286458 A CN115286458 A CN 115286458A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Molecular Biology (AREA)
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- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a pesticide-fertilizer formula for promoting rice tillering and preventing and treating insect pests and a preparation method thereof, wherein the pesticide-fertilizer formula comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 to 60 parts of organic fertilizer, 10 to 15 parts of straw, 20 to 30 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residue, 10 to 20 parts of papermaking white water, 1 to 2 parts of urea, 2 to 3 parts of chitosan, 1 to 2 parts of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, 0.5 to 1.2 parts of ferment bacteria, 0.5 to 0.8 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.3 to 0.6 part of trichoderma harzianum, 0.3 to 0.6 part of penicillium and a plurality of water. The invention aims to provide a pesticide-fertilizer formula for promoting rice tillering and preventing and controlling insect pests and a preparation method thereof, and simultaneously, the raw material cost can be reduced in production, and the environmental pressure can be reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biological pesticide-fertilizer formulas and preparation, in particular to a pesticide-fertilizer formula for promoting rice tillering and preventing and treating insect pests and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Rice is an important grain crop in China, at present, the growth of the rice mainly depends on the application of fertilizers and pesticides, conventional chemical fertilizers and pesticides are delivered at the same time, and farmers use the chemical fertilizers and the pesticides in large quantities every year, so that beneficial floras in soil are reduced rapidly, organic nutrients are seriously lost, and a large number of plant diseases and insect pests are bred, the pesticide residues are increased, and nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) in the soil are seriously lost. The rice is exposed to various diseases and insect pests in the process from sowing to maturing, and the yield loss is 16-18% throughout the year. In the prior art, a rice farmer needs to master the occurrence situation of diseases and pests at any time, but the situation is often difficult to master in practice, so that the control period is missed, the control effect is influenced, the yield of rice is influenced due to excessive pesticide consumption, and the problems of excessive pesticide residue in rice and the like are easily caused.
The bio-organic fertilizer can prevent and treat diseases and insect pests, is nontoxic and harmless to people and livestock, promotes tillering of rice, and is a necessary production material for producing high-quality pollution-free agricultural products. With the rapid development of modern agriculture in China, particularly the continuous expansion of the planting area of green organic agriculture, specific microorganisms are blended into the bio-organic fertilizer, and the production of the bio-organic pesticide fertilizer with the characteristics of both biological pesticide and biological fertilizer becomes the key point of the development of current fertilizer production enterprises.
The white water of paper making is a great deal of water discharged from the wire part of a paper machine during paper making, contains fine short fibers and other substances added into paper pulp, is famous for white color, and contains a great deal of trace elements such as nutrient components, mineral substances and the like in the traditional Chinese medicine residues. If the effective components of the papermaking white water and the Chinese medicine residues can be fully utilized when the fertilizer is produced, the raw material cost can be reduced, the energy consumption can be reduced, and the environmental pressure can be relieved.
Based on the current situation, a pesticide fertilizer formula and a preparation method thereof are urgently needed in the market at present, and the pesticide fertilizer formula can promote tillering of rice and prevent and control insect pests.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a pesticide-fertilizer formula for promoting rice tillering and preventing and controlling insect pests and a preparation method thereof, and simultaneously can reduce the cost of raw materials and relieve the environmental pressure in production.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a formula of a pesticide-fertilizer for promoting rice tillering and preventing and treating insect pests comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 to 60 parts of organic fertilizer, 10 to 15 parts of straw, 20 to 30 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residue, 10 to 20 parts of papermaking white water, 1 to 2 parts of urea, 2 to 3 parts of chitosan, 1 to 2 parts of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, 0.5 to 1.2 parts of ferment bacteria, 0.5 to 0.8 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.3 to 0.6 part of trichoderma harzianum, 0.3 to 0.6 part of penicillium and a plurality of water.
As a further setting of the invention, the organic fertilizer comprises a mixture of animal wastes and biochar according to a weight ratio of 1.
As a further arrangement of the invention, the Chinese medicine residues comprise mixture residues of white paeony root, chinese magnoliavine fruit, hawthorn, honeysuckle, liquorice and the like which are mixed in any proportion.
As a further arrangement of the invention, the papermaking white water is waste water generated in the papermaking process of paper in a papermaking workshop, and the papermaking workshop adopts alkaline pulping papermaking.
As a further arrangement of the invention, the invention also comprises a preparation method of the pesticide fertilizer for promoting rice tillering and controlling insect pests, which comprises the following steps,
step S1, soaking the traditional Chinese medicine residues in water, then passing through a colloid mill, and filtering to obtain filtered water and medicine powder residues;
step S2, filtering and concentrating the papermaking white water by using a silicon carbide film, and adjusting the pH value of the concentrated papermaking white water to be weakly acidic by using the filtered water in the step S1;
s3, mixing the medicine powder residues in the step S1 and the concentrated solution in the step S2 with an organic fertilizer, straws, enzyme bacteria and half of bacillus subtilis, and fermenting to obtain a fermented product;
and S4, taking out a part of the fermentation product in the step S3, uniformly mixing the part of the fermentation product with urea, chitosan, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, the rest of bacillus subtilis, trichoderma harzianum and penicillium by adding water to prepare a liquid fertilizer for foliar fertilization, and directly using the other part of the fermentation product as field fertilization.
As a further arrangement of the invention, in the step S2, the pH of the concentrated solution is adjusted to 5-6, and the water content of the whole system can be controlled between 55% and 60% before the concentrated solution is mixed with other substances in the step S3 and fermented.
As a further arrangement of the invention, in the step S2 and the step S3, after the fermentation is carried out for 10-15 days and the temperature reaches 55-60 ℃, the fermentation material is turned over once every 2-3 days, the fermentation is continued for 3-8 days, the temperature is controlled at 60-70 ℃, and the fermentation product is finally obtained.
As a further setting of the invention, in step S3, the straws are cut into small sections of 1-3 cm, and in step S4, the fermented materials are prepared according to the weight ratio: urea =20:1.
compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention provides a formula of a pesticide-fertilizer for promoting tillering of rice and preventing and treating insect pests and a preparation method thereof, wherein papermaking white water, chinese herbal medicines and organic fertilizers are creatively introduced for mixed fermentation, and the added ferment bacteria and bacillus subtilis can sufficiently ferment Chinese herb residues and the organic fertilizers, and the bacillus subtilis, trichoderma harzianum and penicillium are mixed with the fermented fertilizers and are mixed with urea, chitosan and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, so that the diluted mixture can be directly applied to leaf surfaces of rice in a seedling stage, and the bacillus subtilis, trichoderma harzianum and penicillium can excite a plant immune system, so that the plants can obtain microbes with disease resistance and stress resistance, and can also generate seedling growth regulating substances, thereby promoting the growth and development of the plant and root systems, enhancing the disease resistance of the plants, and indirectly reducing the occurrence of diseases.
2. The invention provides a pesticide fertilizer formula for promoting rice tillering and preventing and treating insect pests and a preparation method thereof.A filtered water obtained by grinding mixture residues of soaked white paeony root, chinese magnoliavine fruit, hawthorn fruit, honeysuckle flower, liquorice and the like by using a colloid is acidic, a papermaking white water obtained by alkaline pulping is alkalescent, and contains a plurality of dissolved fine fibers.
3. According to the formula and the preparation method of the pesticide-fertilizer for promoting tillering of rice and preventing and treating insect pests, provided by the invention, the obtained fermented product can be directly applied to fields, and can be applied to leaf surfaces by adding urea, chitosan, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, bacillus subtilis, trichoderma harzianum, penicillium and the like, and the addition of the urea, the induction of strains on plant disease resistance, the generation of growth substances, the antibacterial and insecticidal properties of the traditional Chinese medicine residues and the dual effects of preventing insects and increasing fertilizer are achieved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below. It should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without inventive step, shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Example 1
Selecting 40 parts of organic fertilizer, 10 parts of straw, 20 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residue, 10 parts of papermaking white water, 1 part of urea, 2 parts of chitosan, 1 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, 0.5 part of ferment bacteria, 0.5 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.3 part of trichoderma harzianum, 0.3 part of penicillium and a plurality of water
Step S1, soaking the traditional Chinese medicine residues in water, then passing through a colloid mill, and filtering to obtain filtered water and medicine powder residues;
step S2, filtering and concentrating the papermaking white water by using a silicon carbide film, and adjusting the pH of the concentrated papermaking white water to 5 by using the filtered water in the step S1;
s3, mixing the medicine powder residues obtained in the step S1 and the concentrated solution obtained in the step S2 with an organic fertilizer, straws, enzyme bacteria and part of bacillus subtilis, wherein the straws are cut into small sections of 1cm, other substances are mixed by using the concentrated solution, the moisture of the whole system can be controlled to be 55% before fermentation, then fermentation is carried out for 10 days, after the temperature reaches 55 ℃, the fermented materials are turned over once every 2 days, fermentation is continued for 3 days, and the temperature is controlled to be 60 ℃, so that a fermented product is finally obtained;
step S4, taking out a part of the fermented product in the step S3, and uniformly mixing the part of the fermented product with urea, chitosan, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, the rest bacillus subtilis, trichoderma harzianum and penicillium by adding water, wherein the fermented product is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: urea =20:1, preparing a liquid fertilizer for foliar fertilization, and directly applying the other part of the liquid fertilizer for field fertilization.
Example 2
Selecting 60 parts of organic fertilizer, 15 parts of straw, 30 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residue, 20 parts of papermaking white water, 2 parts of urea, 3 parts of chitosan, 2 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, 1.2 parts of ferment bacteria, 0.8 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.6 part of trichoderma harzianum, 0.6 part of penicillium and a plurality of water
Step S1, soaking the traditional Chinese medicine residues in water, then passing through a colloid mill, and filtering to obtain filtered water and medicine powder residues;
step S2, filtering and concentrating the papermaking white water by using a silicon carbide film, and adjusting the pH of the concentrated papermaking white water to 6 by using the filtered water in the step S1;
s3, mixing the medicine powder residues in the step S1 and the concentrated solution in the step S2 with an organic fertilizer, straws, enzyme bacteria and part of bacillus subtilis, wherein the straws are cut into 3cm sections, other substances are mixed by using the concentrated solution, the water content of the whole system can be controlled to be 60% before fermentation, then fermentation is carried out for 15 days, after the temperature reaches 60 ℃, the fermented materials are turned over once every 3 days, the fermentation is continued for 8 days, and the temperature is controlled to be 70 ℃, and finally, a fermented product is obtained;
step S4, taking out a part of the fermented product in the step S3, and uniformly mixing the part of the fermented product with urea, chitosan, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, the rest bacillus subtilis, trichoderma harzianum and penicillium by adding water, wherein the fermented product is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: urea =20:1, preparing a liquid fertilizer for foliar fertilization, and directly applying the other part of the liquid fertilizer for field fertilization.
Example 3
Selecting 60 parts of organic fertilizer, 15 parts of straw, 30 parts of Chinese medicine residue, 20 parts of papermaking white water, 2 parts of urea, 3 parts of chitosan, 2 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, 1.2 parts of ferment bacteria, 0.8 part of bacillus subtilis and a plurality of water
Step S1, soaking the traditional Chinese medicine residues in water, then passing through a colloid mill, and filtering to obtain filtered water and medicine powder residues;
step S2, filtering and concentrating the paper making white water by using a silicon carbide film, and adjusting the pH of the concentrated paper making white water to 6 by using the filtered water in the step S1;
s3, mixing the medicine powder residues in the step S1 and the concentrated solution in the step S2 with an organic fertilizer, straws, enzyme bacteria and part of bacillus subtilis, wherein the straws are cut into 3cm sections, other substances are mixed by using the concentrated solution, the water content of the whole system can be controlled to be 60% before fermentation, then fermentation is carried out for 15 days, after the temperature reaches 60 ℃, the fermented materials are turned over once every 3 days, the fermentation is continued for 8 days, and the temperature is controlled to be 70 ℃, and finally, a fermented product is obtained;
and S4, taking out a part of the fermentation product in the step S3, and uniformly mixing the part of the fermentation product with urea, chitosan, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, the rest bacillus subtilis, trichoderma harzianum and penicillium by adding water, wherein the fermentation product is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: urea =20:1, preparing a liquid fertilizer for foliar fertilization, and directly applying the other part of the liquid fertilizer for field fertilization.
Comparative example
2 parts of urea, 3 parts of chitosan, 2 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, 1.2 parts of ferment bacteria, 0.8 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.6 part of trichoderma harzianum, 0.6 part of penicillium and a plurality of water
And (2) uniformly mixing part of the fertilizer with urea, chitosan, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, bacillus subtilis, trichoderma harzianum and penicillium by adding water, wherein the fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: urea =20:1, preparing a liquid fertilizer for foliar fertilization, and directly applying the other part of the liquid fertilizer to the field.
Selecting a test field to transplant rice seedlings, performing field tests on the rice seedlings in the test field according to the examples 1 to 3 and the comparative example 1, fertilizing and spraying liquid fertilizer at corresponding production time, performing field management by using other field management methods similar to local conventional measures except for medicament treatment, and performing sampling survey on the basic conditions of the rice field in each test area on 15 th and 45 th days of fertilization, wherein the results are shown in the following table 1.
TABLE 1 basic conditions of the examples applied to rice in the test field
Claims (8)
1. A pesticide-fertilizer formula for promoting rice tillering and preventing and treating insect pests is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 40 to 60 parts of organic fertilizer, 10 to 15 parts of straw, 20 to 30 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residue, 10 to 20 parts of papermaking white water, 1 to 2 parts of urea, 2 to 3 parts of chitosan, 1 to 2 parts of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, 0.5 to 1.2 parts of ferment bacteria, 0.5 to 0.8 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.3 to 0.6 part of trichoderma harzianum, 0.3 to 0.6 part of penicillium and a plurality of water.
2. The pesticide-fertilizer formula for promoting rice tillering and controlling insect pests according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the organic fertilizer comprises a mixture of animal wastes and biochar according to the weight ratio of 1.6-1.
3. The pesticide-fertilizer formula for promoting rice tillering and controlling insect pests according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the Chinese medicine residue comprises mixture residue of radix Paeoniae alba, fructus Schisandrae chinensis, fructus crataegi, flos Lonicerae, glycyrrhrizae radix, etc. mixed at any ratio.
4. The pesticide-fertilizer formula for promoting rice tillering and controlling insect pests according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the papermaking white water is waste water generated in papermaking of paper in a papermaking workshop, and the papermaking workshop adopts alkaline pulping papermaking.
5. The preparation method of the microcapsule for improving the bonding strength of the dry-mixed mortar according to claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps of (a) preparing a solution,
step S1, soaking the traditional Chinese medicine residues in water, then passing through a colloid mill, and filtering to obtain filtered water and medicine powder residues;
step S2, filtering and concentrating the paper making white water by using a silicon carbide film, and adjusting the pH of the concentrated paper making white water to subacidity by using the filtered water in the step S1;
s3, mixing and fermenting the medicine powder residues obtained in the step S1 and the concentrated solution obtained in the step S2 with an organic fertilizer, straws, enzyme bacteria and part of bacillus subtilis to obtain a fermented product;
and S4, taking out a part of the fermentation product in the step S3, uniformly mixing the part of the fermentation product with urea, chitosan, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, the rest bacillus subtilis, trichoderma harzianum and penicillium by adding water to prepare a liquid fertilizer for foliar fertilization, and directly applying the other part of the fermentation product to field fertilization.
6. The preparation method of the pesticide fertilizer for promoting rice tillering and controlling insect pests according to claim 5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: in step S2, the pH of the concentrated solution is adjusted to 5-6, and the water content of the whole system can be controlled between 55% and 60% before the concentrated solution is mixed with other substances in the step S3 and fermented.
7. The preparation method of the pesticide fertilizer for promoting rice tillering and controlling insect pests according to claim 5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: and step S3, fermenting for 10-15 days, turning over the fermented materials every 2-3 days after the temperature reaches 55-60 ℃, continuously fermenting for 3-8 days, and controlling the temperature at 60-70 ℃ to finally obtain the fermented product.
8. The preparation method of the pesticide fertilizer for promoting rice tillering and controlling insect pests according to claim 5, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step S3, the straws are cut into small sections of 1-3 cm, and in the step S4, the fermented materials are prepared according to the weight ratio: urea =20:1.
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