CN1152846C - Fertilizer special for raising rice seedlings - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a special-purpose seedling-raising fertilizer used as a seedbed base fertilizer in rice seedling cultivation or vegetable seedling cultivation or used for preparing nutritious soil. The special-purpose seedling-raising fertilizer is prepared from ammonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, zinc sulfate, fenaminosulf, benthiocarb and a proper amount of adsorption agents which are uniformly mixed; the obtained mixture contains the effective components of the following proportion: 10 to 14% of nitrogen, 14 to 18% of P2O5, 3 to 5 % of K2O and 0.5 to 1.5 % of ZnO. The present invention has the functions of strengthening seedlings, preventing diseases, removing weeds and increasing yield. The present invention also has the characteristics of small dosage, low cost, etc., and is particularly suitable for northwest areas.

Description

Fertilizer special for raising rice seedlings

Technical field

The present invention relates to the mixed fertilizer field, especially relate to a kind of Fertilizer special for raising rice seedlings of using during as seedbed base manure or preparation nutrition soil when being used for raising rice seedlings and vegetables seedling.

Background technology

Peasant's ubiquity in paddy rice and vegetable seedling cultivation the essential nutrient deficiency of plant or too much, particularly the serious phenomenon of disease and crop smothering causes rice shoot healthy and strong inadequately, transplants the in a large number dead seedlings in back and the underproduction.At present, many products of selling on the market are all developed at the problems referred to above, transplant " transplanting spirit " that clever scientific ﹠ technical corporation releases as Beijing, " special fertilizer for seedling culture " of academy of agricultural sciences, Heilongjiang Province crop alimentary technical institute development etc., but this type of like product all more or less exists following defective:

1. not at regional characteristic development, the exploitation of edaphic condition, when using, unrealistic.

The outstanding soil acid adjustment function that above-mentioned like product has, this particularly uses on the calcareous soil of the Northwest very unrealistic in northern China, and does not have this necessity, contains CaCO for every kilogram as the anthropogenic-alluvial soil of Irrigation Area of Ningxia ₃The 100-140 gram, the Northwest also has up to 250 gram persons, contains CaCO by every kilogram of soil ₃100 gram meters, every mu of topsoil (0-20cm) soil weighs 150 tons, needs with 1.5 tons in 98% sulfuric acid.In fact, through facts have proved for many years, be that paddy rice and various vegetables seedling growth get all very healthy and strong, there is no need acid adjustment at all on about 8.5 the soil property in this P in soil H value of Irrigation Area of Ningxia.

2. above-mentioned like product is N, P, K and adds growth conditioning agent such as certain trace element, sterilant, root-inducing powder and be mixed and form, and can not solve the crop smothering problem of seeding stage.

3. the soil of the Northwest generally lacks trace element--zinc, and above-mentioned some like product increasing the p application rate blindly causes phosphorus in the soil, zinc out of proportion, has suppressed the absorption of rice shoot to zinc, and cause a large amount of breedings of rice on honda phycophyta, influence the normal growth of rice shoot.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to overcome the defective of above-mentioned prior art, a kind of edaphic condition that is applicable to the Northwest is provided, can reach strong seedling, diseases prevention, the Fertilizer special for raising rice seedlings of weeding function.

The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:

A kind of Fertilizer special for raising rice seedlings, it is characterized in that this special use fertilizer is to be formed by phosphate fertilizer, ammonium sulfate, vitriolate of tartar, zinc sulfate, fenaminosulf, thiobencarb and an amount of sorbent material mixing, the effective constituent that contains following ratio in the mixture that is obtained: nitrogen (N) 10-14%, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES (P ₂O ₅) 14-18%, potassium oxide (K ₂O) 3-5%, zinc (Zn) 0.5-1.5%;

Described phosphate fertilizer is monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate or calcium superphosphate;

Described sorbent material is wilkinite, zeolite or potter's clay;

The prioritization scheme of Fertilizer special for raising rice seedlings of the present invention is:

Monoammonium phosphate 323-437 gram;

Ammonium sulfate 323-437 gram;

Vitriolate of tartar 102-138 gram;

Zinc sulfate 42.5-57.5 gram;

72% fenaminosulf 25.5-34.5 gram;

92% thiobencarb 2.2-3.8 milliliter;

Wilkinite 31.5-55.5 gram;

The optimum proportion prescription of above-mentioned Fertilizer special for raising rice seedlings is:

Monoammonium phosphate 380 grams;

Ammonium sulfate 380 grams;

Vitriolate of tartar 120 grams;

Zinc sulfate 50 grams;

72% fenaminosulf, 30 grams;

2.5 milliliters of 90% thiobencarbs;

Wilkinite 37 grams.

Fertilizer special for raising rice seedlings of the present invention, N, P, the K consumption is scientific and reasonable, and added trace element---the zinc that the Northwest's soil generally lacks pointedly, phosphorus zinc is out of proportion in the prevention soil, simultaneously also at paddy rice and the serious phenomenon of vegetable seedling phase damping-off harm, added wide-spectrum bactericide---fenaminosulf, the most important thing is, in order to prevent and treat the harm of paddy rice and the weeds of vegetable seedling phase, add weedicide, select sorbent material simultaneously for use, as wilkinite etc., be convenient to add thiobencarb missible oil, significantly reduced the labour intensity of artificial weeding at the mixture of mineral manure and sterilant.

Fertilizer special for raising rice seedlings of the present invention, scientific experiment and field test through for many years prove to have good strong seedling, diseases prevention, and weeding and production-increasing function, and also consumption is few, cost is low.

Below be that Ningxia associate professor Xu Qiang of department of agriculture of agricultural college in 1999 leads the test of its student at the Qingtongxia City mouth of a gorge, Ningxia modern agriculture Demonstration Garden:

Handle I: Fertilizer special for raising rice seedlings of the present invention, every square metre 50 gram;

Handle II: academy of agricultural sciences, Heilongjiang Province crop alimentary practical technique Research Institute, the Fertilizer special for raising rice seedlings that the emerging agricultural nutrition agent in Heilungkiang factory produces, every cubic metre 75 gram;

Contrast CK: habits fertilization, execute diammonium phosphate 25 grams for every square metre, urea 7.5 grams, chicken manure 350 grams that become thoroughly decomposed are transplanted one (20 square metres) of spirit.

The result is as follows:

Table one: seedling quality measurement result

(unit: cm, cm ², g, bar)

Handle	The leaf phase	Height of seedling	The individual plant leaf area	Stem foot is wide	Hundred seedling fresh weights	Hundred seedling dry weights	Do/aquatic foods	Hundred shoot root fresh weights	Hundred shoot root dry weights	Do/aquatic foods
											I	Two leaf stage	3.73	0.013	0.21	13.97	2.33	0.17
Tri-leaf period (transplanting phase)	11.50	0.119	0.28	25.13	2.87	0.12	7.91	1.90	0.24
										II		Two leaf stage	7.08	0.046	0.13	12.61	1.67	0.13
Tri-leaf period	10.12	0.101	0.24	25.11	2.81	0.11	6.53	1.50	0.23
											CK	Two leaf stage	3.15	0.041	0.17	10.97	1.86	0.17
Tri-leaf period	11.00	0.113	0.24	25.27	2.91	0.11.	7.23	1.71	0.23

Table 2: tree characteristics

(unit: cm, ten thousand/mu, individual, %)

Handle	Plant height	Spike length	Basic seedling	Total stem number	Spike number	Individual plant is tillered	Rate of tillering panicle
								I	77.2	16.4	25.5	89.2	41.4	2.5	21.5
II	74.2	15.6	26.1	81.8	38.7	2.1	20.6
								CK	75.1	15.4	25.3	83.5	35.6	2.3	17.8

Table 3: yield component and per unit area yield

(unit: ten thousand/mu, grain/fringe, gram, kg/ mu)

Handle	Spike number	The grain number	The fringe grain is heavy	Thousand seed weight	Per mu yield
						I	41.1	67.9	1.10	26.7	568.5
II	37.8	67.0	1.38	20.3	521.6
						CK	35.6	64.8	1.46	20.8	522.0

Above data show that Fertilizer special for raising rice seedlings of the present invention has good effect for cultivating strong seedling: its individual plant leaf area, wide Fertilizer special for raising rice seedlings and the conventional habits fertilization that all more significantly is better than Heilungkiang production of basal part of stem, hundred seedling dry weight and fresh weight of plant seedlings, hundred merit root dry weight and fresh weight of plant seedlings and fresh and dried ratio all are better than the latter two, individual plant tiller number and rate of tillering panicle and a mu results spike number, grain number per spike and thousand seed weight is also than latter height, and this is due to the extension effect that produces strong sprout.Every mu of comparison is according to volume increase paddy 46.5kg, and stimulation ratio reaches 8.9%, increases income 29.3 yuan.

Seedling incidence: in our test, different soil disinfectants has all been used in three kinds of processing, thereby blue or green withered and damping-off all takes place, the protection effect that proves Fertilizer special for raising rice seedlings of the present invention is with to transplant spirit etc. identical, and adjacent peasant does not execute the seedling field damping-off of any sterilizing agent and takes place serious.

Fertilizer special for raising rice seedlings of the present invention since nineteen ninety-seven, carry out multiple spot test and demonstration at the Ningxia Zhongwei County always, obtained and the essentially identical result of above-mentioned test, and protection effect and " transplant spirit " basically identical, but cost is well below " transplanting spirit ": as by seedling 36m ²Meter, " when transplanting spirit, need enrich diammonium phosphate, urea, thiobencarb etc., cost reaches more than 20 yuan, and uses Fertilizer special for raising rice seedlings of the present invention only to need 9 yuan in use.

Fertilizer special for raising rice seedlings of the present invention was used before and after 13 days, also need impose contain nitrogenous fertilizer and fenaminosulf fertilizer once, can reach the purpose of thorough diseases prevention; Put down in writing according to 27 (6) phases of " plant protection " calendar year 2001 " paddy drought seedling damping-off pathogenic bacterium are identified an and chemical control research " literary composition: prevent and treat the best person of damping-off and be seed soaking spirit+metaxanin; and adopt the effect of seed soaking spirit+fenaminosulf close with it; therefore; Fertilizer special for raising rice seedlings of the present invention cooperates seed soaking spirit (dithiocyano-methane) supporting use, can remove from and use this process of sterilant mid-term.

Fertilizer special for raising rice seedlings of the present invention can effectively be prevented and kill off barnyard grass grass, oak-leaved goosefeet, green lamb's-quarters, recessed rice seedling bed common weed such as amaranth.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1

After taking by weighing raw material by following listed material and proportion relation thereof, mechanical stirring evenly gets final product.

Monoammonium phosphate 380 grams, ammonium sulfate 380 grams, vitriolate of tartar 120 grams, zinc sulfate 50 grams, 72% fenaminosulf, 30 grams, 2.5 milliliters of 90% thiobencarbs and wilkinite 37 grams, above-mentioned thiobencarb and wilkinite mix separately in advance.

After the detection, its effective constituent N12%, P ₂O ₅16%, K ₂O ₄%, Zn1%.

Embodiment 2

After taking by weighing raw material by following listed material and proportion relation thereof, mechanical stirring evenly gets final product.

Monoammonium phosphate 420 grams, ammonium sulfate 420 grams, vitriolate of tartar 105 grams, zinc sulfate 42.5 grams, 72% fenaminosulf, 25.5 grams, 2.2 milliliters of 90% thiobencarbs and wilkinite 31.5 grams, above-mentioned thiobencarb and wilkinite mix separately in advance.

Embodiment 3

After taking by weighing raw material by following listed material and proportion relation thereof, mechanical stirring evenly gets final product.

Monoammonium phosphate 350 grams, ammonium sulfate 350 grams, vitriolate of tartar 130 grams, zinc sulfate 56 grams, 72% fenaminosulf, 34.5 grams, 3.8 milliliters of 90% thiobencarbs and wilkinite 55.5 grams, above-mentioned thiobencarb and wilkinite mix separately in advance.

Embodiment 4

After taking by weighing raw material by following listed material and proportion relation thereof, mechanical stirring evenly gets final product.

Diammonium phosphate 347 grams, ammonium sulfate 325 grams, vitriolate of tartar 130 grams, zinc sulfate 55 grams, 72% fenaminosulf, 33 grams, 2.5 milliliters of 90% thiobencarbs and zeolite 37 grams, above-mentioned thiobencarb and zeolite mix separately in advance.

Embodiment 5

Diammonium phosphate 347 grams, ammonium sulfate 325 grams, vitriolate of tartar 130 grams, zinc sulfate 55 grams, 72% fenaminosulf, 33 grams, 2.5 milliliters of 90% thiobencarbs and potter's clay 37 grams, above-mentioned thiobencarb and potter's clay mix separately in advance.

Claims (5)

1. Fertilizer special for raising rice seedlings, it is characterized in that this special use fertilizer is to be formed by phosphate fertilizer, ammonium sulfate, vitriolate of tartar, zinc sulfate, fenaminosulf, thiobencarb and an amount of sorbent material mixing, the effective constituent that contains following ratio in the mixture that is obtained: nitrogen (N) 10-14%, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES (P ₂O ₅) 14-18%, potassium oxide (K ₂O) 3-5%, zinc (Zn) 0.5-1.5%.

2. by the described Fertilizer special for raising rice seedlings of claim 1, it is characterized in that described phosphate fertilizer is monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate or calcium superphosphate.

3. by the described Fertilizer special for raising rice seedlings of claim 1, it is characterized in that described sorbent material is wilkinite, zeolite or potter's clay.

4. by claim 1 or 2 or 3 described Fertilizer special for raising rice seedlings, it is characterized in that the prioritization scheme of this special use fertilizer is:

Monoammonium phosphate 323-437 gram;

Ammonium sulfate 323-437 gram;

Vitriolate of tartar 102-138 gram;

Zinc sulfate 42.5-57.5 gram;

72% fenaminosulf 25.5-34.5 gram;

92% thiobencarb 2.2-3.8 milliliter;

Wilkinite 31.5-55.5 gram.

5. by the described Fertilizer special for raising rice seedlings of claim 4, it is characterized in that the optimum proportion prescription of this Fertilizer special for raising rice seedlings is:

Monoammonium phosphate 380 grams;

Ammonium sulfate 380 grams;

Vitriolate of tartar 120 grams;

Zinc sulfate 50 grams;

72% fenaminosulf, 30 grams;

2.5 milliliters of 90% thiobencarbs;

Wilkinite 37 grams.