CN115260126B - 一种带有(s)-联萘基的手性季铵盐及制备方法和用途 - Google Patents
一种带有(s)-联萘基的手性季铵盐及制备方法和用途 Download PDFInfo
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- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- ZDZHCHYQNPQSGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthalen-1-ylnaphthalene Chemical group C1=CC=C2C(C=3C4=CC=CC=C4C=CC=3)=CC=CC2=C1 ZDZHCHYQNPQSGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-propanol Substances CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- -1 tert-butyl N- (diphenylmethylene) glycine Chemical compound 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 54
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 27
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperidine Chemical compound C1CCNCC1 NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- PPTXVXKCQZKFBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N (S)-(-)-1,1'-Bi-2-naphthol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C3=C4C=CC=CC4=CC=C3O)=C(O)C=CC2=C1 PPTXVXKCQZKFBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001350 alkyl halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003818 flash chromatography Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-GSVOUGTGSA-N (+)-Epichlorohydrin Chemical compound ClC[C@@H]1CO1 BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical class [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- XJUZRXYOEPSWMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloromethyl methyl ether Chemical compound COCCl XJUZRXYOEPSWMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- AGEZXYOZHKGVCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl bromide Chemical compound BrCC1=CC=CC=C1 AGEZXYOZHKGVCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LQEJKDNALLXRCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroform;toluene Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl.CC1=CC=CC=C1 LQEJKDNALLXRCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940061627 chloromethyl methyl ether Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- LNOPIUAQISRISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-hydroxy-2-propan-2-ylsulfonylethanimidamide Chemical compound CC(C)S(=O)(=O)CC(N)=NO LNOPIUAQISRISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010898 silica gel chromatography Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- JRMUNVKIHCOMHV-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC JRMUNVKIHCOMHV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical group [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical group [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052740 iodine Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Epichlorohydrin Chemical compound ClCC1CO1 BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000006277 halobenzyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000007142 ring opening reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical class O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- SRJQBBLGTWTOEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(benzhydrylazaniumyl)acetate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(NCC(=O)O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRJQBBLGTWTOEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TXHAHOVNFDVCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(tert-butylazaniumyl)acetate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)NCC(O)=O TXHAHOVNFDVCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QJBGQMTWNNWODQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C)(C)(C)O.NCC(=O)O Chemical class C(C)(C)(C)O.NCC(=O)O QJBGQMTWNNWODQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021513 Cinchona Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000157855 Cinchona Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006845 Michael addition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003797 alkaloid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012230 colorless oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003983 crown ethers Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006735 epoxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- SBOJXQVPLKSXOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-amino-hydroxylamine Chemical class NON SBOJXQVPLKSXOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003408 phase transfer catalysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003444 phase transfer catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004714 phosphonium salts Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D295/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms
- C07D295/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms
- C07D295/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms substituted by singly bound oxygen or sulfur atoms
- C07D295/084—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms substituted by singly bound oxygen or sulfur atoms with the ring nitrogen atoms and the oxygen or sulfur atoms attached to the same carbon chain, which is not interrupted by carbocyclic rings
- C07D295/088—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms substituted by singly bound oxygen or sulfur atoms with the ring nitrogen atoms and the oxygen or sulfur atoms attached to the same carbon chain, which is not interrupted by carbocyclic rings to an acyclic saturated chain
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/0234—Nitrogen-, phosphorus-, arsenic- or antimony-containing compounds
- B01J31/0235—Nitrogen containing compounds
- B01J31/0239—Quaternary ammonium compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/0234—Nitrogen-, phosphorus-, arsenic- or antimony-containing compounds
- B01J31/0271—Nitrogen-, phosphorus-, arsenic- or antimony-containing compounds also containing elements or functional groups covered by B01J31/0201 - B01J31/0231
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C249/00—Preparation of compounds containing nitrogen atoms doubly-bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C249/02—Preparation of compounds containing nitrogen atoms doubly-bound to a carbon skeleton of compounds containing imino groups
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2231/00—Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2231/40—Substitution reactions at carbon centres, e.g. C-C or C-X, i.e. carbon-hetero atom, cross-coupling, C-H activation or ring-opening reactions
- B01J2231/42—Catalytic cross-coupling, i.e. connection of previously not connected C-atoms or C- and X-atoms without rearrangement
- B01J2231/4205—C-C cross-coupling, e.g. metal catalyzed or Friedel-Crafts type
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
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Abstract
本申请涉及一种带有(S)‑联萘基的手性季铵盐及制备方法和用途,带有(S)‑联萘基的手性季铵盐可以对映选择性诱导N‑(二苯基亚甲基)甘氨酸叔丁酯的不对称烷基化,产物的e.e.值高达35%以上。本申请还公开了经过从(S)‑2’‑甲氧基甲氧基‑1,1’‑联萘2‑酚到(S,S)‑2‑(2,3‑环氧丙氧基)甲基‑2′‑甲氧基甲氧基‑1,1′‑联萘再到(S,S)‑1‑[2′‑甲氧基甲氧基‑(1,1′‑联萘)‑2‑酚氧基]‑3‑哌啶基‑2‑丙醇进而制备(S)‑联萘基的手性季铵盐的方法。
Description
技术领域
本申请属于不对称相转移催化物质技术领域,尤其是涉及一种带有(S)-联萘基的手性季铵盐及制备方法和用途。
背景技术
相转移催化反应具有实验操作简单,反应条件温和,价格低廉,绿色环保等特点,一直是高校和企业科学研究的热点。相转移催化剂包括季铵盐、季磷盐、冠醚、大环状氨基醚等(Duan S,Li S,Ye X,et al.Journal of Organic Chemistry,2015,80(15):7770-8;Uraguchi D,Kinoshita N,Kizu T,et al.Journal of the American Chemical Society,2015,137(43):13768;Duan M,Liu Y,Ao J,et al.Organic Letters,2017,19(9):2298.)。
合成手性季铵盐主要是通过相应的手性胺与过量卤代烷在一定的反应条件下反应得到手性季铵盐。
目前报道的有金鸡纳碱衍生物类手性季铵盐,其在不对称烷基化、Michael加成和双键环氧化等反应中表现出反应条件温和、操作简单等优点(Scheffler U,RainerM.Chemistry,2013,19(47):14346-14396;Zhou N,Fu H J,Rong D,et al.ChemicalJournal of Chinese Universities,2007,28(4):668-671.),但是,该类化合物距离大规模的应用还比较遥远。自1999年以来,基于商业化的(S)或者(R)联萘酚的手性季胺盐得到了广泛的开发和应用(Ooi T,Kameda M,Maruoka K.Journal of the American ChemicalSociety,1999,121;6519;Ooi T,Uematsu Y,Maruoka K.Advanced Synthesis&Catalysis,2002,344,288;Ooi T,Kameda M,Maruoka K.Journal of the American ChemicalSociety.2003,125,5139;Ooi T,Uematsu Y,Maruoka K,Tetrahedron Letters.2004,45,1675;Hashimoto T,Tanaka Y,Maruoka K.Tetrahedron:Asymmetry,2003,14,1599.),该类化合物在催化甘氨酸叔丁醇酯类的不对称烷基化反应方面得到了较好的产率和较佳的对应选择性。受困于合成该类季铵盐化合物的产率,应用前景受到相应的影响。
目前,环氧氯丙烷的动力学拆分已经工业化,光学纯的环氧氯丙烷价格十分便宜。利用胺类物质使手性环氧开环,再合成季铵盐的技术已经十分成熟。在本发明中,我们从(S)-联萘酚出发,与(S)-环氧氯丙烷反应,再与哌啶反应开环,最后与卤代烷反应,合成了一种新型的带有(S)-联萘基的手性季铵盐,该手性季铵盐被应用于不对称相转移催化反应中,取得了较好的对映选择性效果。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是:提供一种带有(S)-联萘基的手性季铵盐化合物及其制备方法。
并提供带有(S)-联萘基的手性季铵盐化合物在不对称相转移催化反应中的应用。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:
一种带有(S)-联萘基的手性季铵盐,其结构式为:
其中R为烷基或者苄基;
X为溴原子或者碘原子。
优选地,本发明的带有(S)-联萘基的手性季铵盐,R为甲基、乙基、丙基、PhCH2或者
上述的带有(S)-联萘基的手性季铵盐作为手性配体或手性催化剂应用于N-甘氨酸叔丁酯的不对称相转移催化反应。
本发明还提供一种制备带有(S)-联萘基的手性季铵盐的方法,包括以下步骤:
S1:将(S)-联萘酚溶解于四氢呋喃中,加入氢氧化钾粉末后滴加氯甲基甲醚反应,再使用水萃灭后减压下除去大部分四氢呋喃,剩余物用二氯甲烷溶解后,用饱和食盐水洗涤,合并水相并用二氯甲烷萃取后合并有机相,将有机相减压除去溶剂,残留物经柱层析分离即可得到(S)-2’-甲氧基甲氧基-1,1’-联萘2-酚;
S2:将S1步骤制备得到的(S)-2′-甲氧基甲氧基-1,1′-联萘-2-酚、氢氧化钾粉末、四丁基溴化铵和四氢呋喃在常温下搅拌均匀,滴加入(S)-环氧氯丙烷持续搅拌15小时以上后使用水淬灭,减压下除去大部分的四氢呋喃,残留物用乙酸乙酯溶解后,用饱和食盐水洗涤,合并水相并用乙酸乙酯萃取后合并有机相,有机相减压除去溶剂后,经快速柱层析即可得到(S,S)-2-(2,3-环氧丙氧基)甲基-2′-甲氧基甲氧基-1,1′-联萘;
S3:将S2步骤得到的(S,S)-2-(2,3-环氧丙氧基)甲基-2′-甲氧基甲氧基-1,1′-联萘在氮气气氛保护下,加入哌啶、氨基磺酸、THF,室温下搅拌均匀,用乙醚萃取,合并有机相后干燥、过滤,残留物经柱层析分离而得到(S,S)-1-[2′-甲氧基甲氧基-(1,1′-联萘)-2-酚氧基]-3-哌啶基-2-丙醇;
S4:将S3步骤得到的(S,S)-1-[2′-甲氧基甲氧基-(1,1′-联萘)-2-酚氧基]-3-哌啶基-2-丙醇溶于乙腈中,加入过量卤代烷或者卤代苄基,在温度60-80℃下进行反应,反应由均相变成两相后进行过滤,除去不能溶解的杂质,用乙腈重结晶得到所述带有(S)-联萘基的手性季铵盐。
优选地,本发明的方法,
S1步骤中的柱层析分离使用质量比石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=10∶1的混合物;
S2步骤的快速柱层析使用质量比石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=3∶1的混合物;
S3步骤的柱层析分离使用质量比石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=8∶1的混合物;-
优选地,本发明的方法,所述卤代烷或者卤代苄基为CH3I、CH3CH2Br、PhCH2Br、CH3CH2CH2Br、对甲基溴苄中的一种。
本发明还提供带有(S)-联萘基的手性季铵盐进行的不对称相转移催化反应方法,包括以下步骤:
在加有溴化苄的甲苯-氯仿混合溶液中加入N-甘氨酸叔丁酯和所述的带有(S)-联萘基的手性季铵盐进行反应,将反应中得到的混合物冷却至0℃以下,再加入KOH溶液,接着将反应混合物在0℃以下继续搅拌直到反应完全,将反应中所得的悬浮物用乙醚进行稀释后,再用清水进行洗涤,分离得到的有机相,再用无水硫酸镁干燥后过滤,并真空浓缩,最后利用硅胶柱层析分离纯化后得到不对称相转移催化产物。
优选地,本发明的不对称相转移催化反应方法,所述硅胶柱层析使用质量比为正己烷∶乙酸乙酯=50∶1的混合物。
本发明具有如下的技术效果:带有(S)-联萘基的手性季铵盐可以对映选择性诱导二苯亚甲基甘氨酸叔丁酯的不对称烷基化,产物的e.e.值高达35%以上。
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本申请的技术方案进一步说明。
图1为带有(S)-联萘基的手性季铵盐的合成路线;
图2为季铵盐I应用于不对称相转移催化反应。
具体实施方式
需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本申请的技术方案。
本实施例提供一种(S)-2’-甲氧基甲氧基-1,1’-联萘2-酚的合成方法:
往装有机械搅拌装置和恒压低液漏斗的250mL三口瓶中加入8.6g(0.03mol)(S)-联萘酚和100mL四氢呋喃,常温下搅拌待(S)-联萘酚完全溶解,加入5.04g(0.09mol)研细的氢氧化钾粉末。继续搅拌1小时后,往体系中缓慢滴加入2.5g(0.03mol)氯甲基甲醚。滴加完后在室温下继续反应4小时。将反应体系用10mL水淬灭后,减压下除去大部分的四氢呋喃。残留物用100mL二氯甲烷溶解后,用饱和食盐水洗涤(3×60mL),合并水相并用50mL二氯甲烷萃取后合并有机相。有机相减压除去溶剂,残留物经柱层析分离(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=10/1)即可得到(S)-2’-甲氧基甲氧基-1,1’-联萘2-酚(8.9g,90%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ8.02(d,J=9.1Hz,1H),7.90(d,J=8.6Hz,2H),7.85(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.59(d,J=9.1Hz,1H),7.42-7.19(m,6H),7.07(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),5.10(d,J=6.9Hz,1H),5.05(d,J=6.9Hz,1H),4.97(s,1H),3.18(s,3H).13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ153.81,151.58,134.24,134.12,130.93,130.34,130.03,129.31,128.34,128.32,127.43,126.67,125.38,125.05,124.89,123.50,118.12,117.90,117.25,115.39,94.99,56.18.Elem.Anal.Calcd.for C22H18O3:C,79.98;H,5.49.Found:C,79.95;H,5.53.
(S,S)-2-(2,3-环氧丙氧基)甲基-2′-甲氧基甲氧基-1,1′-联萘的合成方法:
往100mL圆底瓶中加入3.30g,(10mmo)B(S)-2′-甲氧基甲氧基-1,1′-联萘-2-酚、1.12g(20mmol)新研细的氢氧化钾粉末、0.32g(1mmol)四丁基溴化铵和50mL四氢呋喃。常温下搅拌10分钟后,滴加入1.39g(15mmol)(S)-环氧氯丙烷。体系在室温下继续搅拌20小时。将反应体系用20mL水淬灭后,减压下除去大部分的四氢呋喃。残留物用50mL乙酸乙酯溶解后,用饱和食盐水洗涤(3×50mL),合并水相并用30mL乙酸乙酯萃取后合并有机相。有机相减压除去溶剂后,经快速柱层析(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=3/1)即可得到(S,S)-2-(2,3-环氧丙氧基)甲基-2′-甲氧基甲氧基-1,1′-联萘。无色油状物,产率94-96%。[α]20 365=-669(c=1.0,THF).1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ:7.95(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),7.87(d,J=7.6Hz,2H),7.57(d,J=8.9Hz,1H),7.44(d,J=8.9Hz,1H),7.34(t,J=7.0Hz,2H),7.18(s,2H),7.17-7.08(m,2H),5.09(d,J=6.5Hz,1H),4.98(d,J=6.7Hz,1H),4.07(d,J=11.2Hz,1H),4.00(dd,J=11.2,4.7Hz,1H),3.16(s,3H),2.94(s,1H),2.55(s,1H),2.30(s,1H).13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ:154.25,152.93,134.21,134.14,130.01,129.81,129.67,129.58,128.10,128.09,126.57,126.44,125.69,125.59,124.16,124.13,121.12,121.05,117.37,116.34,95.35,70.62,55.94,50.37,44.50.Elem.Anal.Calcd.for C25H22O4:C,77.70;H,5.74.Found:C,77.75;H,5.76.
(S,S)-1-[2′-甲氧基甲氧基-(1,1′-联萘)-2-酚氧基]-3-哌啶基-2-丙醇的合成方法:
于50mL圆底烧瓶中加入170mg(S,S)-2-(2,3-环氧丙氧基)甲基-2′-甲氧基甲氧基-1,1′-联萘,N2保护下,加入5mL哌啶,10mg氨基磺酸,2mL THF,室温下搅拌24h,用乙醚萃取,合并有机相,干燥,过滤,残留物经柱层析分离(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=8/1)得到目标产物。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.98(dd,J=8.9,6.5Hz,2H),7.90(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),7.59(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),7.48(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),7.40-7.33(m,2H),7.25(t,J=7.4Hz,3H),7.17(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),5.11(d,J=6.8Hz,1H),4.99(d,J=6.8Hz,1H),4.09(dd,J=9.2,5.3Hz,1H),3.91(dd,J=9.2,5.4Hz,1H),3.73-3.66(m,1H),3.15(d,J=8.4Hz,3H),2.22(s,2H),2.00(s,2H),1.88-1.71(m,2H),1.42(dd,J=33.9,5.0Hz,6H).13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ:154.26,152.92,134.20,134.15,130.02,129.80,129.68,129.59,128.12,128.09,126.55,126.43,125.67,125.59,124.18,124.11,121.11,121.04,117.36,116.33,95.37,70.62,55.95,52.6,50.36,44.50,25.9,24.5.
实施例1
季铵盐I的合成,季铵盐I的结构式如下:
将(S,S)-1-[2′-甲氧基甲氧基-(1,1′-联萘)-2-酚氧基]-3-哌啶基-2-丙醇(10mmol)溶于20mL乙腈中,加入CH3I(20mmol),控制反应温度60℃,反应24小时,反应由均相变成两相,底部为深黑色相。过滤,除去不能溶解的杂质,用乙腈重结晶得到季铵盐I。1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.99(dd,J=8.9,6.5Hz,2H),7.88(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),7.57(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),7.50(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),7.40-7.31(m,2H),7.23(t,J=7.4Hz,3H),7.14(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),5.10(d,J=6.8Hz,1H),4.98(d,J=6.8Hz,1H),4.07(dd,J=9.2,5.3Hz,1H),3.90(dd,J=9.2,5.4Hz,1H),3.73-3.66(m,1H),3.12(d,J=8.4Hz,3H),2.20(s,2H),2.09(s,3H),1.99(s,2H),1.87-1.71(m,2H),1.41(dd,J=33.9,5.0Hz,6H).
实施例2
季铵盐II的合成,季铵盐II的结构式如下:
将(S,S)-1-[2′-甲氧基甲氧基-(1,1′-联萘)-2-酚氧基]-3-哌啶基-2-丙醇(10mmol)溶于20mL乙腈中,加入CH3CH2Br(30mmol),控制反应温度70℃,反应30小时,反应由均相变成两相,底部为深黑色相。过滤,除去不能溶解的杂质,用乙腈重结晶得到季铵盐II。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.98(dd,J=8.9,6.5Hz,2H),7.87(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),7.58(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),7.49(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),7.39-7.31(m,2H),7.22(t,J=7.4Hz,3H),7.15(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),5.11(d,J=6.8Hz,1H),4.98(d,J=6.8Hz,1H),4.07(dd,J=9.2,5.3Hz,1H),3.91(dd,J=9.2,5.4Hz,1H),3.72-3.66(m,1H),3.13(d,J=8.4Hz,3H),2.18(s,2H),1.99(s,2H),1.89-1.82(m,2H),1.86-1.71(m,2H),1.42(dd,J=33.9,5.0Hz,6H),1.12-1.10(m,3H).
实施例3
季铵盐III的合成,季铵盐III的结构式如下:
将(S,S)-1-[2′-甲氧基甲氧基-(1,1′-联萘)-2-酚氧基]-3-哌啶基-2-丙醇(10mmol)溶于20mL乙腈中,加入PhCH2Br(30mmol),控制反应温度80℃,反应48小时,反应由均相变成两相,底部为深黑色相。过滤,除去不能溶解的杂质,用乙腈重结晶得到季铵盐III。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.99-7.90(m,4H),7.88(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),7.59(d,J=9.1Hz,1H),7.49(d,J=9.1Hz,1H),7.40-7.30(m,4H),7.22-7.20(m,4H),7.15(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),5.11(d,J=6.7Hz,1H),4.99(d,J=6.9Hz,1H),4.07(dd,J=9.2,5.3Hz,1H),3.91(dd,J=9.2,5.4Hz,1H),3.72-3.66(m,1H),3.13(d,J=8.3Hz,3H),2.18(s,2H),1.99(s,2H),1.87-1.71(m,2H),1.42(dd,J=33.8,5.0Hz,6H).
实施例4
季铵盐IV的合成,季铵盐IV的结构式如下:
将(S,S)-1-[2′-甲氧基甲氧基-(1,1′-联萘)-2-酚氧基]-3-哌啶基-2-丙醇(10mmol)溶于20mL乙腈中,加入CH3CH2CH2Br(30mmol),控制反应温度80℃,反应48小时,反应由均相变成两相,底部为深黑色相。过滤,除去不能溶解的杂质,用乙腈重结晶得到季铵盐IV。
实施例5
季铵盐V的合成,季铵盐V的结构式如下:
将(S,S)-1-[2′-甲氧基甲氧基-(1,1′-联萘)-2-酚氧基]-3-哌啶基-2-丙醇(10mmol)溶于20mL乙腈中,加入对甲基溴苄(30mmol),控制反应温度80℃,反应48小时,反应由均相变成两相,底部为深黑色相。过滤,除去不能溶解的杂质,用乙腈重结晶得到季铵盐IV。
实施例6
季铵盐I应用于不对称相转移催化反应,反应式如图2所示:
在加有溴化苄(0.03ml,0.255mmol)的甲苯-氯仿(7∶3,0.5ml)混合溶液中加入N-(二苯基亚甲基)甘氨酸叔丁酯(50.0mg,0.17mmol)和季铵盐I(0.0085mmol)。将反应中得到的混合物冷却至0℃,再加入0.1mL 50%KOH,接着将反应混合物在0℃继续搅拌,0.5小时后反应完全。上述反应中所得的悬浮物用乙醚(20mL)进行稀释后,再用清水进行洗涤,分离得到的有机相,再用无水硫酸镁干燥15min后过滤,再真空浓缩。最后利用硅胶柱层析(正己烷∶乙酸乙酯=50∶1)来分离纯化后所得的产物,是一种无色油状物,产率:90.34%。ee值:43%。
实施例7
季铵盐II应用于不对称相转移催化反应,反应式和反应过程同实施例6,e.e.值:38%。
实施例8
季铵盐III应用于不对称相转移催化反应,反应式和反应过程同实施例6,e.e.值:35%。
e.e.值指光学纯度。
以上述依据本申请的理想实施例为启示,通过上述的说明内容,相关工作人员完全可以在不偏离本项申请技术思想的范围内,进行多样的变更以及修改。本项申请的技术性范围并不局限于说明书上的内容,必须要根据权利要求范围来确定其技术性范围。
Claims (7)
1.一种带有(S)-联萘基的手性季铵盐,其特征在于,其结构式为:
其中R为甲基或乙基;
X为溴原子或者碘原子。
2.权利要求1所述的带有(S)-联萘基的手性季铵盐作为手性配体在N-(二苯基亚甲基)甘氨酸叔丁酯的不对称相转移催化反应中的应用。
3.一种制备权利要求1所述的带有(S)-联萘基的手性季铵盐的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S1:将(S)-联萘酚溶解于四氢呋喃中,加入氢氧化钾粉末后滴加氯甲基甲醚反应,再使用水萃灭后减压下除去大部分四氢呋喃,剩余物用二氯甲烷溶解后,用饱和食盐水洗涤,合并水相并用二氯甲烷萃取后合并有机相,将有机相减压除去溶剂,残留物经柱层析分离即可得到(S)-2’-甲氧基甲氧基-1,1’-联萘2-酚;
S2:将S1步骤制备得到的(S)-2′-甲氧基甲氧基-1,1′-联萘-2-酚、氢氧化钾粉末、四丁基溴化铵和四氢呋喃在常温下搅拌均匀,滴加入(S)-环氧氯丙烷持续搅拌15小时以上后使用水淬灭,减压下除去大部分的四氢呋喃,残留物用乙酸乙酯溶解后,用饱和食盐水洗涤,合并水相并用乙酸乙酯萃取后合并有机相,有机相减压除去溶剂后,经快速柱层析即可得到(S,S)-2-(2,3-环氧丙氧基)甲基-2′-甲氧基甲氧基-1,1′-联萘;
S3:将S2步骤得到的(S,S)-2-(2,3-环氧丙氧基)甲基-2′-甲氧基甲氧基-1,1′-联萘在氮气气氛保护下,加入哌啶、氨基磺酸、THF,室温下搅拌均匀,用乙醚萃取,合并有机相后干燥、过滤,残留物经柱层析分离而得到(S,S)-1-[2′-甲氧基甲氧基-(1,1′-联萘)-2-酚氧基]-3-哌啶基-2-丙醇;
S4:将S3步骤得到的(S,S)-1-[6′-甲氧基甲氧基-(1,1′-联萘)-2-酚氧基]-3-哌啶基-2-丙醇溶于乙腈中,加入过量卤代烷,在温度60-80℃下进行反应,反应由均相变成两相后进行过滤,除去不能溶解的杂质,用乙腈重结晶得到所述带有(S)-联萘基的手性季铵盐。
4.根据权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,
S1步骤中的柱层析分离使用质量比石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=10∶1的混合物作为洗脱剂;
S2步骤的快速柱层析使用质量比石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=3∶1的混合物作为洗脱剂;
S3步骤的柱层析分离使用质量比石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=8∶1的混合物作为洗脱剂。
5.根据权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,所述卤代烷为CH3I或者CH3CH2Br。
6.一种使用权利要求1的带有(S)-联萘基的手性季铵盐进行不对称相转移催化反应的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
在加有溴化苄的甲苯-氯仿混合溶液中加入N-(二苯基亚甲基)甘氨酸叔丁酯和所述的带有(S)-联萘基的手性季铵盐进行反应,将反应中得到的混合物冷却至0℃以下,再加入KOH溶液,接着将反应混合物在0℃以下继续搅拌直到反应完全,将反应中所得的悬浮物用乙醚进行稀释后,再用清水进行洗涤,分离得到的有机相,再用无水硫酸镁干燥后过滤,并真空浓缩,最后利用硅胶柱层析分离纯化后得到不对称相转移催化产物。
7.根据权利要求6所述的方法,其特征在于,所述硅胶柱层析使用质量比为正己烷∶乙酸乙酯=50∶1的混合物作为洗脱剂。
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