CN115226666B - Three-dimensional ecological breeding system and breeding method thereof - Google Patents
Three-dimensional ecological breeding system and breeding method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115226666B CN115226666B CN202210917383.3A CN202210917383A CN115226666B CN 115226666 B CN115226666 B CN 115226666B CN 202210917383 A CN202210917383 A CN 202210917383A CN 115226666 B CN115226666 B CN 115226666B
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- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 240
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 claims description 47
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 35
- 241000251511 Holothuroidea Species 0.000 claims description 28
- 241000208340 Araliaceae Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000008434 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 241000238553 Litopenaeus vannamei Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 241001247197 Cephalocarida Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000157468 Reinhardtius hippoglossoides Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000269981 Bothidae Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000512259 Ascophyllum nodosum Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001474374 Blennius Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000237509 Patinopecten sp. Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000593522 Sargassum thunbergii Species 0.000 claims description 3
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001418 larval effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000020637 scallop Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009287 sand filtration Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/30—Culture of aquatic animals of sponges, sea urchins or sea cucumbers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention discloses a three-dimensional ecological breeding system and a breeding method thereof, which belong to the technical field of marine product breeding and are characterized in that: including breed pond system and water circulation system, breed pond system and breed the pond including one-level, second grade breeds pond and tertiary breed pond, water circulation system includes the communicating vessel, cistern, water storage tank and water pump, and one-level breeds pond, second grade breeds pond and tertiary breed pond and communicates with each other with the one end of communicating vessel respectively, and the other end of communicating vessel is less than the up end of breeding the pond at every level, and the other end of communicating vessel that communicates with one-level breeds the pond communicates with the water inlet of sand filtration jar through the pipeline, and the other end of communicating vessel that communicates with second grade breed pond or tertiary breed pond communicates with the drain pipe respectively, and the delivery port of sand filtration jar communicates with each other with the cistern through the pipeline. Compared with the prior art, the method has the characteristics of saving seawater resources and reducing cultivation cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of marine product cultivation, in particular to a three-dimensional ecological cultivation system and a cultivation method thereof.
Background
At present, the existing industrial marine product cultivation facilities still stay in an open running water cultivation stage, but the full-closed industrial circulating water cultivation facilities in the real sense have very little proportion due to the higher access threshold, high equipment maintenance and water treatment cost and the like. However, as many cultivation facilities intensively extract underground seawater in the same area for a long time, the problem of water resource exhaustion begins to be highlighted, and the healthy and rapid development of industrial cultivation is severely restricted.
In addition, the existing industrial marine product culture facilities adopt a three-dimensional culture method, the occupied area of the culture facilities is effectively saved, however, the water source in each culture pond is independently supplied, so that the water in the previous-stage culture pond can not flow into the next-stage culture pond for repeated recycling, and the purpose of saving water resources is achieved.
Moreover, the industrial marine culture water needs to strictly treat the common seawater to meet the requirements of the marine culture water, so that the input cost is required, and if the industrial marine culture water cannot be fully utilized, serious waste and great loss of a large amount of cost are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a three-dimensional ecological breeding system and a breeding method thereof, wherein breeding water can be recycled through a multi-stage three-dimensional breeding system, so that the purposes of saving seawater resources and reducing breeding cost are achieved.
The invention provides a three-dimensional ecological breeding system, which is characterized in that: the water circulation system comprises a communicating vessel, a reservoir, a water storage tank and a water pump, wherein the first-stage culture pond, the second-stage culture pond and the third-stage culture pond are sequentially reduced in height, the first-stage culture pond, the second-stage culture pond and the third-stage culture pond are respectively communicated with one end of the communicating vessel, the other end of the communicating vessel is lower than the upper end surface of each stage culture pond, the other end of the communicating vessel communicated with the first-stage culture pond is communicated with a water inlet of a sand filtration tank through a pipeline, the other end of the communicating vessel communicated with the second-stage culture pond or the third-stage culture pond is respectively communicated with a drain pipe, a water outlet of the sand filtration tank is communicated with the reservoir through a pipeline, a water outlet of the water pump is respectively communicated with a second-stage auxiliary water inlet valve and a third-stage auxiliary water inlet valve through pipelines, the second-stage auxiliary water inlet valve is communicated with the second-stage culture pond, and the third-stage auxiliary water inlet valve is communicated with the third-stage culture pond; the lower end of the primary culture pond is respectively communicated with a secondary main water inlet valve, a secondary water outlet valve, a tertiary main water inlet valve and a tertiary water outlet valve through pipelines, and the secondary main water inlet valve is communicated with the secondary culture pond; the three-stage main water inlet valve is positioned above the three-stage culture pond, and the two-stage water outlet valve and the three-stage water outlet valve are respectively communicated with the drain pipe.
One end of the primary culture pond, one end of the secondary culture pond and one end of the tertiary culture pond are correspondingly provided with each level of drainage pond, namely a primary drainage pond, a secondary drainage pond and a tertiary drainage pond; the water draining pool at each level is communicated with one end of the communicating vessel, the water draining pool at one level is communicated with the water inlet of the sand filtering tank through a pipeline, the water draining valve at the second level is communicated with the water draining pipe through the water draining pool at the second level, and the water draining valve at the third level is communicated with the water draining pipe through the water draining pool at the third level.
The communicating vessel comprises a U-shaped communicating pipe and a cannula, wherein the lower ends of the primary culture pond, the secondary culture pond and the tertiary culture pond are respectively communicated with one end of the U-shaped communicating pipe, the other end of the U-shaped communicating pipe is communicated with the drainage pond, and the cannula is inserted into the opening of the drainage pond.
The water outlet of the water pump is communicated with the water inlet of the water storage tank through a pipeline, and the water outlet of the water storage tank is sequentially communicated with the secondary auxiliary water inlet valve and the tertiary auxiliary water inlet valve through pipelines; the installation position of the water storage tank is higher than the secondary culture pond and the tertiary culture pond.
The stereoscopic ecological breeding method of the stereoscopic ecological breeding system is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) Sequentially injecting culture water into the first-stage culture pond, the second-stage culture pond and the third-stage culture pond, wherein the culture water is extracted seawater;
2) Treating the culture water in the first-stage culture pond, keeping the salinity of the culture water in the first-stage culture pond at 1.8-3.0%, keeping the pH at 7.8-8.8, keeping the water temperature at 10-23 ℃, and culturing turbot in the first-stage culture pond, wherein the culture water meeting the conditions is continuously injected into the first-stage culture pond in the process of culturing turbot;
3) Feeding turbot compound bait into the primary culture pond;
4) Injecting a part of culture water discharged from the primary culture pond into the secondary culture pond through a pipeline and a secondary main water inlet valve until the water is full, and treating the culture water in the secondary culture pond to ensure that the culture water in the secondary culture pond meets the following conditions: the water temperature is 10-20 ℃, the salinity is 1.8-3.0%, the dissolved oxygen is controlled to be 5-7.5 mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen is lower than 0.5mg/L, the pH value is 7.8-8.3, and the sea cucumber is cultivated in a secondary cultivation pond (6);
5) Throwing sea cucumber bait into the secondary culture pond;
6) Injecting part of the culture water discharged from the first-stage culture pond into the third-stage culture pond through a pipeline and a third-stage main water inlet valve until the water is full, and culturing the penaeus vannamei boone in the third-stage culture pond;
treating the culture water in the three-stage culture pond to ensure that the culture water in the three-stage culture pond meets the following conditions: controlling the water temperature at 25-30 ℃ and the salinity at 1.8-3.0%, and micro-inflating;
7) Putting shrimp larvae into a three-stage culture pond for fertilization and phytoplankton propagation in the first month, putting Shi Niaosu g of calcium superphosphate and 2g of calcium superphosphate into each cubic meter of the pond, and applying 1/2 of the previous amount every day later to ensure that the transparency of water quality in the three-stage culture pond reaches about 30cm, and putting 100g of live artemia or 10g of artemia eggs;
8) The first-stage culture pond fills the second-stage culture pond and the third-stage culture pond with culture water, and then the redundant discharged culture water is discharged into a reservoir for preservation;
9) When the secondary culture pond and the tertiary culture pond need to be changed water, the culture water stored in the reservoir is pumped into the water storage tank through the water pump, and then is discharged into the secondary culture pond and the tertiary culture pond through the secondary auxiliary water inlet valve and the tertiary auxiliary water inlet valve respectively for use.
The stocking density of turbots in the primary culture pond (1) is that the body length is 5 cm-8 cm, 200-300 fish fries are stocking per square meter, the body length is 8-12 cm, 100-200 fish fries are stocking per square meter, 15 cm-25 cm fish fries are stocking per square meter, 40-60 fish fries are stocking per square meter, 25-35 cm fish fries are stocking per square meter, the body length is more than 35cm fish fries are stocking per square meter, and 15-20 fish fries are stocking per square meter.
In the step 3), the fish fry with the body length of 5-8 cm is fed with bait for 2-4% of the fish weight, the fish fry with the body length of 8-12 cm is fed with bait for 2-4 times a day, the fish fry with the body length of 1-1% of the fish weight is fed with bait for 2 times a day, the fish fry with the body length of more than 12cm is fed with bait for 0.5-1% of the fish weight, and the fish fry is fed with bait for 1-2 times a day.
In the step 4), the density of the ginseng seedlings in the secondary culture pond is 10000-20000 heads/kg, and the seedling throwing is 1200-2000 heads/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Ginseng seedlings with the specification of 6000-10000 heads/kg are thrown into 1000-1200 heads/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Ginseng seedlings with specifications of 4000-6000 heads/kg are thrown into the seedling box at a speed of 800-1000 heads/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Ginseng seedlings with the specification of 2000-4000 heads/kg are thrown into 600-800 heads/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Ginseng seedlings with the specification of 1000-2000 heads/kg are thrown into 500-800 heads/m 2 。
In the step 5), sea cucumber compound feed, fresh seaweed grinding liquid and fresh active sea mud bait in sea areas are fed in the initial sea cucumber culture period; self-preparing bait in the middle and later stages of sea cucumber culture: mixing fresh kelp and sargassum thunbergii 80-90%, scallop edges and shrimp chaff 10-20% by weight, grinding, and feeding with sea cucumber compound feed; the daily feeding amount is 2-5% (5-15 g/m) of the weight of the sea cucumber 2 )。
Shrimp seedlings are put in the three-stage culture pond, and 300-500 shrimp seedlings are put in each square meter in the three-stage culture pond; feeding baits into the three-stage culture pond, feeding adult artemia of shrimp larvae with the shrimp body length smaller than 4cm for 4-6 times daily, feeding compound feed of penaeus vannamei boone with the shrimp larvae not smaller than 4cm, wherein feeding 40% in the daytime and 60% in the night are carried out, the feeding amount is determined according to the shrimp body length, feeding compound feed of penaeus vannamei boone with the shrimp body length of 4-6 cm per ten thousand shrimps, feeding 2.3-4 kg per ten thousand shrimps with the shrimp body length of 7-9 cm, and feeding 4.5-6 kg per ten thousand shrimps with the shrimp body length of 10-12 cm; the feeding times are 6-8 times per day in the larval shrimp stage, and 4-6 times per day in the middle and later stages.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following outstanding beneficial effects:
according to the invention, different marine products are cultivated in each level of cultivation pool, turbots are cultivated in the first level of cultivation pool, sea cucumbers are cultivated in the second level of cultivation pool, penaeus vannamei are cultivated in the third level of cultivation pool, according to different requirements of turbots and sea cucumbers on water quality, one part of seawater discharged from the first level of cultivation pool can be injected into the second level of cultivation pool and the third level of cultivation pool for use, and the other part of seawater can be injected into a reservoir for storage for use, so that the seawater consumption is reduced on the premise of ensuring the survival rate and cultivation effect, and the effects of saving water resources and reducing cultivation cost are achieved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention includes a culture pond system and a water circulation system.
The culture pond system comprises a first-stage culture pond 1, a second-stage culture pond 6 and a third-stage culture pond 12, wherein the first-stage culture pond 1 is positioned above the second-stage culture pond 6, the second-stage culture pond 6 is positioned above the third-stage culture pond 12, one end of each stage culture pond is correspondingly provided with a plurality of stages of drainage ponds, namely a first-stage drainage pond 3, a second-stage drainage pond 7 and a third-stage drainage pond 11, and the pond bottom of each stage of drainage pond is lower than the pond bottom of the corresponding culture pond.
The water circulation system comprises a communicating vessel 2, a water reservoir 13, a water storage tank 18 and a water pump 17, wherein the communicating vessel 2 comprises a U-shaped communicating pipe 201 and a cannula 202, the lower ends of the primary culture pond 1, the secondary culture pond 6 and the tertiary culture pond 12 are respectively communicated with one end of the U-shaped communicating pipe 201, and the other end of the U-shaped communicating pipe 201 is communicated with a drainage pond.
The U-shaped communicating pipe 201 is located at the opening of the drainage tank and is inserted with the insertion pipe 202, the upper end of the insertion pipe 202 is slightly lower than the upper end face of the culture tank, when water in the culture tank is higher than the insertion pipe 202, the water can be discharged from the upper end of the insertion pipe 202, and therefore excessive water is prevented from being injected into the culture tank, and overflows from the edge of the culture tank.
The primary drainage tank 3 is communicated with the water inlet of the sand filtration tank 10 through a pipeline, the water outlet of the sand filtration tank 10 is communicated with the water reservoir 13 through a pipeline, the water inlet of the water pump 17 is communicated with the water reservoir 13 through a pipeline, the water outlet of the water pump 17 is communicated with the water inlet of the water reservoir 18 through a pipeline, the water outlet of the water reservoir 18 is sequentially communicated with the secondary auxiliary water inlet valve 15 and the tertiary auxiliary water inlet valve 14 through a pipeline, the secondary auxiliary water inlet valve 15 is positioned above the secondary culture tank 6 and is communicated with the secondary auxiliary water inlet valve, and the tertiary auxiliary water inlet valve 14 is positioned above the tertiary culture tank 12 and is communicated with the tertiary auxiliary water inlet valve.
The water storage tank 18 is arranged at a position higher than the secondary culture pond 6 and the tertiary culture pond 12.
The lower end of the primary culture pond 1 is respectively communicated with a secondary main water inlet valve 4, a secondary water outlet valve 5, a tertiary main water inlet valve 8 and a tertiary water outlet valve 9 through pipelines, the secondary main water inlet valve 4 is positioned above the secondary culture pond 6 and is communicated with the secondary culture pond, the secondary water outlet valve 5 is positioned above the secondary water outlet pond 7 and is communicated with the secondary water outlet pond, and the secondary water outlet pond 7 is communicated with the filter pond through a water outlet pipe. The filter tank is in the prior art, and the specific structure is not repeated.
The three-stage main water inlet valve 8 is positioned above and communicated with the three-stage culture pond 12, the three-stage water outlet valve 9 is positioned above and communicated with the three-stage water drainage pond 11, and the three-stage water drainage pond 11 is communicated with the filter pond through a water drainage pipe.
The upper part of the primary culture pond 1 is provided with a primary water inlet valve 16, and the primary water inlet valve 16 is communicated with a treated seawater source through a pipeline. The primary water inlet valve 16 can continuously inject seawater into the primary culture pond 1, the secondary main water inlet valve 4 is opened, the seawater in the primary culture pond 1 can be injected into the secondary culture pond 6, or the tertiary main water inlet valve 8 is opened, the seawater in the primary culture pond 1 can be injected into the tertiary culture pond 12, when the organisms in the primary culture pond 1 generate diseases, the secondary water outlet valve 5 is opened after the seawater is polluted, so that the seawater in the primary culture pond 1 is discharged into the filter pond through the secondary water outlet valve 5, the secondary water outlet pond 7 and the water outlet pipe.
When the seawater in the secondary culture pond 6 or the tertiary culture pond 12 is required to be discharged, the insertion pipe 202 of the communicating vessel 2 arranged in the secondary drainage pond 7 and the tertiary drainage pond 11 is pulled out respectively, and the seawater in the secondary culture pond 6 or the tertiary culture pond 12 enters the filter pond through the drain pipe respectively.
When the seawater in the secondary culture pond 6 or the tertiary culture pond 12 is full, the secondary main water inlet valve 4 or the tertiary main water inlet valve 8 is closed, the seawater in the primary culture pond 1 is discharged into the primary drainage pond 3 through the communicating vessel 2 communicated with the primary culture pond 1, then enters the sand filter tank 10 through the primary drainage pond 3, and finally is discharged into the reservoir 13 through the sand filter tank 10.
When the water quantity in the primary culture pond 1 is insufficient to be injected into the secondary culture pond 6 or the tertiary culture pond 12, the water pump 17 is started, the water pump 17 injects the seawater in the reservoir 13 into the water storage tank 18, and the seawater in the water storage tank 18 is injected into the secondary culture pond 6 or the tertiary culture pond 12 through the secondary auxiliary water inlet valve 15 or the tertiary auxiliary water inlet valve 14 respectively.
A stereoscopic ecological breeding method, comprising the following steps:
1. and sequentially injecting culture water into the primary culture pond 1, the secondary culture pond 6 and the tertiary culture pond 12, wherein the culture water is extracted seawater.
2. Treating the water for cultivation in the primary cultivation pond 1, keeping the salinity of the water for cultivation in the primary cultivation pond 1 at 1.8-3.0%, keeping the pH at 7.8-8.8, keeping the water temperature at 10-23 ℃, cultivating turbot in the primary cultivation pond 1, keeping the cultivation density of the turbot at 5 cm-8 cm, keeping 200-300 fries per square meter, keeping the fry at 8-12 cm, keeping 100-200 fries per square meter, keeping the fry at 15-25 cm, keeping 40-60 fries per square meter, keeping the fry at 25-35 cm, keeping 25-40 fries per square meter, keeping the fry at 35cm or more, keeping 15-20 fries per square meter, and continuously injecting the water for cultivation meeting the conditions into the primary cultivation pond 1 in the process of cultivating turbot.
3. The method comprises the steps of feeding compound baits of turbots into a primary culture pond 1, wherein the bait feeding amount is 2% -4% of the weight of the fish, 2% -4 times per day, the bait feeding amount is 1% -1.5% of the weight of the fish, 2 times per day, the bait feeding amount is more than 12cm, and the bait feeding amount is 0.5% -1% of the weight of the fish, and 1% -2 times per day.
4. Injecting part of the culture water discharged from the primary culture pond 1 into the secondary culture pond 6 through a pipeline and the secondary main water inlet valve 4 until the water is full, and treating the culture water in the secondary culture pond 6 to ensure that the culture water in the secondary culture pond 6 meets the following conditions: the water temperature is 10-20 ℃, the salinity is 1.8-3.0%, the dissolved oxygen is controlled to be 5-7.5 mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen is lower than 0.5mg/L, the pH value is 7.8-8.8, and the sea cucumber is cultivated in the secondary cultivation pond 6.
5. Placing an adhesion base in the secondary culture pond 6, wherein the density of the reference seedlings in the secondary culture pond 6 is as follows: the specifications of the ginseng seedlings are 10000 heads-20000 heads/kg, and the throwing speed of the ginseng seedlings is 1200-2000 heads/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Ginseng seedlings with the specification of 6000-10000 heads/kg are thrown into 1000-1200 heads/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Ginseng seedlings with specifications of 4000-6000 heads/kg are thrown into the seedling box at a speed of 800-1000 heads/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Ginseng seedlings with the specification of 2000-4000 heads/kg are thrown into 600-800 heads/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Ginseng seedlings with the specification of 1000-2000 heads/kg are thrown into 500-800 heads/m 2 。
6. Throwing sea cucumber bait into a secondary culture pond, and throwing sea cucumber compound feed, fresh seaweed grinding liquid, fresh active sea mud and other baits in a sea area in the initial stage of sea cucumber culture; self-preparing bait in the middle and later stages of sea cucumber culture: mixing fresh kelp and sargassum thunbergii 80-90%, scallop edges and shrimp chaff 10-20% by weight, grinding, and feeding with sea cucumber compound feed; the daily feeding amount is 2-5% (5-15 g/m) of the weight of the sea cucumber 2 )；
The sea cucumber bait is fermented by using 'strong EM' + 'aquatic food-attracting yeast' + 'lactic acid bacillus M3' in advance.
7. And (3) injecting part of the culture water discharged from the primary culture pond 1 into the tertiary culture pond 12 through a pipeline and the tertiary main water inlet valve 8 until the water is full, and culturing the penaeus vannamei boone in the tertiary culture pond 12.
Treating the water for cultivation in the three-stage cultivation pond 12 so that the water for cultivation in the three-stage cultivation pond 12 satisfies the following conditions: the water temperature is controlled at 25-30 ℃, the salinity is 1.8-3.0%, and the water is slightly aerated.
8. The three-stage culture pond 12 is put into a shrimp larvae for fertilization and phytoplankton propagation in the first month, shi Niaosu g of calcium superphosphate and 2g of calcium superphosphate are put into each cubic meter of the pond, and 1/2 of the amount of the calcium superphosphate is applied every day later, so that the water quality transparency in the three-stage culture pond 12 reaches about 30cm, and 100g of live artemia or 10g of artemia eggs are put into the pond.
9. Shrimp larvae are put into the three-stage culture pond 12, and 300-500 larvae are put into the three-stage culture pond per square meter.
10. Feeding baits into the three-stage culture pond, feeding adult artemia of shrimp larvae with the shrimp body length smaller than 4cm for 4-6 times daily, feeding compound feed of penaeus vannamei boone with the shrimp larvae not smaller than 4cm, wherein feeding 40% in the daytime and 60% in the night are carried out, the feeding amount is determined according to the shrimp body length, feeding compound feed of penaeus vannamei boone with the shrimp body length of 4-6 cm per ten thousand shrimps, feeding 2.3-4 kg per ten thousand shrimps with the shrimp body length of 7-9 cm, and feeding 4.5-6 kg per ten thousand shrimps with the shrimp body length of 10-12 cm; the feeding times are 6-8 times per day in the larval shrimp stage, and 4-6 times per day in the middle and later stages.
11. After the primary culture pond 1 fills the secondary culture pond 6 and the tertiary culture pond 12 with culture water, the redundant discharged culture water is discharged into a reservoir 13 for preservation.
12. When the secondary culture pond 6 and the tertiary culture pond 12 need to be changed, the culture water stored in the reservoir 13 is pumped into the water storage tank 18 through the water pump 17, and then is discharged into the secondary culture pond 6 and the tertiary culture pond 12 through the secondary auxiliary water inlet valve 15 and the tertiary auxiliary water inlet valve 14 respectively for use.
The operation flow is as follows: when the sea cucumber and shrimp culturing device is used, fishes are cultured in the primary culture pond 1, sea cucumbers are cultured in the secondary culture pond 6, shrimps are cultured in the tertiary culture pond 12, the primary culture pond 1 needs to be continuously filled with seawater in the fish culturing process, the sea cucumbers in the secondary culture pond 6 and the shrimps in the tertiary culture pond 12 only need to be replaced with seawater periodically, therefore, part of water discharged from the primary culture pond 1 can be discharged into the secondary culture pond 6 and the tertiary culture pond 12, the other part of water discharged from the primary culture pond 1 is discharged into the reservoir 13 for storage, and when the sea cucumbers and shrimps need to be used, the other part of water discharged from the primary culture pond 1 is pumped into the water storage tank 18 through the water pump 17 and then is discharged into the secondary culture pond 6 and the tertiary culture pond 12 through the secondary auxiliary water inlet valve 15 and the tertiary auxiliary water inlet valve 14 respectively.
It is noted that while the present invention has been described in detail with respect to specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope thereof.
Claims (9)
1. A three-dimensional ecological breeding method based on a three-dimensional ecological breeding system is characterized in that the three-dimensional ecological breeding system comprises a breeding pond system and a water circulation system, the breeding pond system comprises a first-stage breeding pond (1), a second-stage breeding pond (6) and a third-stage breeding pond (12), the heights of the first-stage breeding pond (1), the second-stage breeding pond (6) and the third-stage breeding pond (12) are gradually reduced, the water circulation system comprises a communicating vessel (2), a reservoir (13), a water storage tank (18) and a water pump (17), the first-stage breeding pond (1), the second-stage breeding pond (6) and the third-stage breeding pond (12) are respectively communicated with one end of the communicating vessel (2), the other end of the communicating vessel (2) is lower than the upper end face of each stage breeding pond, the other end of the communicating vessel (2) communicated with the first-stage breeding pond (1) is communicated with a water inlet of a sand filter tank (10) through a pipeline, the other end of the communicating vessel (2) communicated with the second-stage breeding pond (6) or the third-stage breeding pond (12) is respectively communicated with a water drain pipe, a water outlet of the filter tank (10) is communicated with the reservoir (13) through a pipeline, the water pump (17) is respectively communicated with a water inlet of the secondary water pump (17) through a water inlet valve (15) and a water inlet of the secondary water pump (15) respectively, the secondary auxiliary water inlet valve (15) is communicated with the secondary culture pond (6), and the tertiary auxiliary water inlet valve (14) is communicated with the tertiary culture pond (12); the lower end of the primary culture pond (1) is respectively communicated with a secondary main water inlet valve (4), a secondary water outlet valve (5), a tertiary main water inlet valve (8) and a tertiary water outlet valve (9) through pipelines, and the secondary main water inlet valve (4) is communicated with the secondary culture pond (6); the three-stage main water inlet valve (8) is positioned above the three-stage culture pond (12), and the two-stage water outlet valve (5) and the three-stage water outlet valve (9) are respectively communicated with a water drain pipe;
the three-dimensional ecological breeding method comprises the following steps:
1) Sequentially injecting culture water into the primary culture pond (1), the secondary culture pond (6) and the tertiary culture pond (12), wherein the culture water is extracted seawater;
2) Treating the culture water in the first-stage culture pond (1), keeping the salinity of the culture water in the first-stage culture pond (1) at 1.8-3.0%, keeping the pH at 7.8-8.8, keeping the water temperature at 10-23 ℃, culturing turbot in the first-stage culture pond (1), and continuously injecting the culture water meeting the conditions into the first-stage culture pond (1) in the process of culturing the turbot;
3) Feeding turbot compound baits into the primary culture pond (1);
4) Injecting part of the culture water discharged from the primary culture pond (1) into the secondary culture pond (6) through a pipeline and a secondary main water inlet valve (4) until the water is full, and treating the culture water in the secondary culture pond (6) to ensure that the culture water in the secondary culture pond (6) meets the following conditions: the water temperature is 10-20 ℃, the salinity is 1.8-3.0%, the dissolved oxygen is controlled to be 5-7.5 mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen is lower than 0.5mg/L, the pH value is 7.8-8.3, and the sea cucumber is cultivated in a secondary cultivation pond (6);
5) Throwing sea cucumber bait into the secondary culture pond;
6) Injecting part of the culture water discharged from the first-stage culture pond (1) into the third-stage culture pond (12) through a pipeline and a third-stage main water inlet valve (8) until the water is full, and culturing the penaeus vannamei boone in the third-stage culture pond (12);
treating the water for cultivation in the three-stage cultivation pond (12) to enable the water for cultivation in the three-stage cultivation pond (12) to meet the following conditions: controlling the water temperature at 25-30 ℃ and the salinity at 1.8-3.0%, and micro-inflating;
7) Putting shrimp larvae into a three-stage culture pond (12) for one month before fertilizing and breeding phytoplankton, putting Shi Niaosu g and 2g of calcium superphosphate into each cubic meter of the pond, and then applying 1/2 of the previous amount every day to ensure that the water quality transparency in the three-stage culture pond (12) reaches about 30cm, and then putting 100g of live artemia or 10g of artemia eggs;
8) The first-stage culture pond (1) fills the second-stage culture pond (6) and the third-stage culture pond (12) with culture water, and then the redundant discharged culture water is discharged into a reservoir (13) for preservation;
9) When the secondary culture pond (6) and the tertiary culture pond (12) need to be changed, the culture water stored in the reservoir (13) is pumped into the water storage tank (18) through the water pump (17), and then is discharged into the secondary culture pond (6) and the tertiary culture pond (12) through the secondary auxiliary water inlet valve (15) and the tertiary auxiliary water inlet valve (14) respectively.
2. The stereoscopic ecological breeding method based on stereoscopic ecological breeding system according to claim 1, wherein: one ends of the primary culture pond (1), the secondary culture pond (6) and the tertiary culture pond (12) are correspondingly provided with drainage ponds at all levels, namely a primary drainage pond (3), a secondary drainage pond (7) and a tertiary drainage pond (11); the drainage tanks at all levels are communicated with one end of the communicating vessel (2), the first-stage drainage tank (3) is communicated with the water inlet of the sand filtering tank (10) through a pipeline, the second-stage water outlet valve (5) is communicated with the water outlet pipe of the second-stage drainage tank (7), and the third-stage water outlet valve (9) is communicated with the water outlet pipe through the third-stage drainage tank (11).
3. The stereoscopic ecological breeding method based on stereoscopic ecological breeding system according to claim 2, wherein: the communicating vessel (2) comprises a U-shaped communicating pipe (201) and a cannula (202), the lower ends of the primary culture pond (1), the secondary culture pond (6) and the tertiary culture pond (12) are respectively communicated with one end of the U-shaped communicating pipe (201), the other end of the U-shaped communicating pipe (201) is communicated with a drainage pond, and the cannula (202) is inserted into the opening of the drainage pond, which is positioned by the U-shaped communicating pipe (201).
4. The stereoscopic ecological breeding method based on stereoscopic ecological breeding system according to claim 1, wherein: the water outlet of the water pump (17) is communicated with the water inlet of the water storage tank (18) through a pipeline, and the water outlet of the water storage tank (18) is sequentially communicated with the secondary auxiliary water inlet valve (15) and the tertiary auxiliary water inlet valve (14) through pipelines; the installation position of the water storage tank (18) is higher than the secondary culture pond (6) and the tertiary culture pond (12).
5. The stereoscopic ecological breeding method based on stereoscopic ecological breeding system according to claim 1, wherein: the stocking density of turbots in the primary culture pond (1) is that the body length is 5 cm-8 cm, 200-300 fish fries are stocking per square meter, the body length is 8-12 cm, 100-200 fish fries are stocking per square meter, 15 cm-25 cm fish fries are stocking per square meter, 40-60 fish fries are stocking per square meter, 25-35 cm fish fries are stocking per square meter, the body length is more than 35cm fish fries are stocking per square meter, and 15-20 fish fries are stocking per square meter.
6. The stereoscopic ecological breeding method based on stereoscopic ecological breeding system according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 3), the fish fry with the body length of 5-8 cm is fed with bait for 2-4% of the fish weight, the fish fry with the body length of 8-12 cm is fed with bait for 2-4 times a day, the fish fry with the body length of 1-1% of the fish weight is fed with bait for 2 times a day, the fish fry with the body length of more than 12cm is fed with bait for 0.5-1% of the fish weight, and the fish fry is fed with bait for 1-2 times a day.
7. The stereoscopic ecological breeding method based on stereoscopic ecological breeding system according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 4), the density of the reference seedlings in the secondary culture pond (6) is 10000 heads-20000 heads/kg of reference seedlings, and the seedling throwing is 1200-12002000 head/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Ginseng seedlings with the specification of 6000-10000 heads/kg are thrown into 1000-1200 heads/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Ginseng seedlings with specifications of 4000-6000 heads/kg are thrown into the seedling box at a speed of 800-1000 heads/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Ginseng seedlings with the specification of 2000-4000 heads/kg are thrown into 600-800 heads/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Ginseng seedlings with the specification of 1000-2000 heads/kg are thrown into 500-800 heads/m 2 。
8. The stereoscopic ecological breeding method based on stereoscopic ecological breeding system according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 5), sea cucumber compound feed, fresh seaweed grinding liquid and fresh active sea mud bait in sea areas are fed in the initial sea cucumber culture period; self-preparing bait in the middle and later stages of sea cucumber culture: mixing fresh kelp and sargassum thunbergii 80-90%, scallop edges and shrimp chaff 10-20% by weight, grinding, and feeding with sea cucumber compound feed; the daily feeding amount is 2% -5% of the weight of the sea cucumber.
9. The stereoscopic ecological breeding method based on stereoscopic ecological breeding system according to claim 1, wherein: shrimp seedlings are put in a three-stage culture pond (12), and 300-500 seedlings are put in each square meter in the three-stage culture pond; feeding baits into the three-stage culture pond, feeding adult artemia of shrimp larvae with the shrimp body length smaller than 4cm for 4-6 times daily, feeding compound feed of penaeus vannamei boone with the shrimp larvae not smaller than 4cm, wherein feeding 40% in the daytime and 60% in the night are carried out, the feeding amount is determined according to the shrimp body length, feeding compound feed of penaeus vannamei boone with the shrimp body length of 4-6 cm per ten thousand shrimps, feeding 2.3-4 kg per ten thousand shrimps with the shrimp body length of 7-9 cm, and feeding 4.5-6 kg per ten thousand shrimps with the shrimp body length of 10-12 cm; the feeding times are 6-8 times per day in the larval shrimp stage, and 4-6 times per day in the middle and later stages.
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