CN115226430B - Device and method for improving white clay - Google Patents
Device and method for improving white clay Download PDFInfo
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- CN115226430B CN115226430B CN202210874452.7A CN202210874452A CN115226430B CN 115226430 B CN115226430 B CN 115226430B CN 202210874452 A CN202210874452 A CN 202210874452A CN 115226430 B CN115226430 B CN 115226430B
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- white slurry
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- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 197
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 189
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010254 Jasminum officinale Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000005385 Jasminum sambac Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000000249 Morus alba Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008708 Morus alba Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B77/00—Machines for lifting and treating soil
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/02—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
Abstract
The invention discloses a white slurry soil improvement device and a white slurry soil improvement method, wherein the white slurry soil improvement device comprises a soil cutting device, a soil shoveling device and a turnover device which are sequentially arranged, the soil cutting device is used for cutting white slurry soil into soil blocks, each soil block sequentially comprises a topsoil layer, a white slurry layer and a clay layer from top to bottom, the soil shoveling device comprises a double-layer shovel, the double-layer shovel can shovel into the top of the white slurry layer and the clay layer, the soil blocks are divided into a covering layer containing the topsoil layer and a turnover layer containing the white slurry layer and the clay layer, the turnover device is used for placing the turnover layer in situ after the turnover layer is turned up and down, the covering layer is positioned on the upper part of the turnover layer after the turnover, and the topsoil layer and the clay layer form a new cultivation layer. The invention separates the white slurry soil into the covering layer and the turnover layer by using the double-layer shovel, the turnover layer is turned over to enable the white slurry layer and the clay layer to be exchanged, the surface soil layer and the clay layer are jointly used as the cultivation layer, the soil thickness of the cultivation layer is increased, the white slurry layer (barrier layer) is downwards moved, the influence of the white slurry layer during cultivation is avoided, and the improvement of the white slurry soil is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil improvement, in particular to a white slurry soil improvement device and a white slurry soil improvement method.
Background
Bai Jiangtu plough layers are shallow, low in nutrient content, contain hard white pulp layers, have poor drought and waterlogging resistance, low and unstable crop yield, and are easy to produce in absolute terms of drought and waterlogging disasters. It has been found that the section structure of white clay is generally divided into three layers: the first layer of surface soil is black soil, is more than ten centimeters thick, and has good soil quality; the second layer of core soil is a white slurry layer, is twenty centimeters thick, has low organic matter and nutrient content and is a barren soil layer; the third layer of subsoil is a clay layer.
At present, the improvement measures for the white serosity mainly comprise: applying organic fertilizer, returning straw to field, planting green manure, pasture, applying peat and the like; the application amount of chemical fertilizer, mainly nitrogen and phosphorus mixed fertilizer, is increased, and the total phosphorus content of white slurry soil is low, so that the effective phosphorus content is lower, and the single-application phosphate fertilizer has obvious effect; deep ploughing and soil improvement are carried out, and under the premise that the white slurry layer is not excessively turned to the surface layer, the organic fertilizer is combined and applied, so that the ploughing layer is gradually deepened, and the property of poor water permeability of the bottom layer is improved.
There is also disclosed in the prior patent literature a measure for improving the soil of the white serosity, for example, chinese patent with application publication No. CN 110366894A discloses a method for improving the cultivated layer of the soil of the white serosity in dry land, the method for improving the soil comprises the following steps: 1) After corn is harvested, the corn straw is crushed in situ and evenly thrown in the field; 2) Mixing bean pulp, chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer, and uniformly throwing the mixed organic material in the field; 3) Ploughing the soil layer to enable the soil layer to be overturned by 90 degrees+/-30 degrees; 4) And (5) harrowing and leveling to achieve a state to be sowed. The proposal adopts the method that corn straw is crushed and combined with organic materials to be ploughed together with soil, and mainly adopts the improvement measures of returning the straw to the field and applying organic fertilizer. For another example, chinese patent with application publication number CN 111575031A discloses a method for preparing biochar from mulberry or perennial jasmine branches, which comprises sun drying the raw materials, cutting, and carbonizing. The dolomite powder is added into the biochar to form the composite soil improvement agent, which can be used for improving white slurry soil. The method combines the technical measures of deep ploughing and deep scarification, returning the biochar to the field, distributing and applying the acid soil improving agent, draining waterlogging and the like. It can be seen that the proposal is actually improved by utilizing the compound soil improvement agent from the perspective of directly improving the soil components.
The measures can play a certain role in improving the white serosity, but the characteristics of the white serosity can not be changed far, the white serosity is still barrier soil, and the white serosity is a main type of low-and-medium-yield fields in China.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a white slurry soil improvement device and an improvement method thereof, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art, the white slurry soil is divided into a covering layer and a turnover layer by using a double-layer shovel, the white slurry layer and a clay layer of the turnover layer can be exchanged after the turnover layer is turned over, the exchanged clay layer and a surface soil layer are connected, namely the surface soil layer and the clay layer can be jointly used as a cultivation layer, the thickness of the soil of the cultivation layer is increased, the influence of the white slurry layer during cultivation is avoided, and the improvement of the white slurry soil is realized.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
the invention provides a white slurry soil improvement device which comprises a soil cutting device, a soil shoveling device and a turning device which are sequentially arranged, wherein the soil cutting device is used for cutting white slurry soil into upturned soil, the upturned soil sequentially comprises a top soil layer, a white slurry layer and a clay layer from top to bottom, the soil shoveling device comprises a double-layer shovel, the double-layer shovel can shoveling into the top of the white slurry layer and the bottom of the clay layer, the upturned soil is divided into a covering layer containing the top soil layer and a turning layer containing the white slurry layer and the clay layer, the turning device is used for turning the turning layer up and down and then placing the turning layer in situ, the covering layer is positioned on the upper part of the turned turning layer, and the top soil layer and the clay layer form a new cultivation layer.
Preferably, the soil cutting device comprises a crawler tractor, the soil cutting device is arranged on the head side of the crawler tractor, and the soil shoveling device and the turning device are sequentially arranged on the tail side of the crawler tractor.
Preferably, the soil cutting device comprises a support frame, longitudinal cutting discs arranged on two sides of the support frame in parallel to the advancing direction and transverse cutting discs arranged on the front side of the support frame in perpendicular to the advancing direction, and the transverse cutting discs are connected to the support frame through a lifting device.
Preferably, the soil shoveling device comprises a double-layer plate vehicle, the double-layer shovel comprises a first integral steel shovel and a second integral steel shovel, the first integral steel shovel and the second integral steel shovel are respectively connected to two vehicle plates of the double-layer plate vehicle, the first integral steel shovel and the second integral steel shovel can respectively shovel into the top of the white slurry layer and the bottom of the clay layer, and the two vehicle plates are respectively provided with a first conveying channel and a second conveying channel for the covering layer and the turnover layer to pass through.
Preferably, a bulldozer is arranged at the entrance of the double-layer scooter, the bulldozer comprises a push plate and a scissor type pushing structure connected with the push plate, and the bulldozer is used for pushing the soil blocks on the double-layer scooter to the turning device when the soil blocks shoveled in at the back are not present.
Preferably, a conveying device is included, which is located above the turning device and is used for conveying the covering layer.
Preferably, the turning device comprises a turning base and a turning frame rotatably arranged on the turning base, the turning frame comprises a forward direction and a backward direction, when the turning frame is in the forward direction, the upturned soil enters the turning frame, and when the turning frame is in the backward direction, the upturned soil outputs the turning frame.
Preferably, the roll-over stand is provided with a roll-over box, the roll-over box comprises a side plate and a cover plate, the cover plate is closed in a forward position, and the cover plate is opened in a reverse position.
The invention also provides a white clay improvement method, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, cutting white slurry soil to form upturned soil, wherein the upturned soil sequentially comprises a surface soil layer, a white slurry layer and a clay layer from top to bottom in the cutting depth range;
step two, the white slurry layer and the clay layer are turned in situ, and the clay layer is replaced to the upper part of the white slurry layer and is positioned below the surface soil layer; forming plough layer soil with the thickness larger than that of the topsoil layer;
and thirdly, curing and fertilizing the plough layer soil to finish improvement.
Preferably, the white slurry soil to be modified is investigated to determine the thicknesses of the topsoil layer, the white slurry layer and the clay layer, and the cutting depth is between 0.6m and 1.0 m.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
(1) According to the invention, the white slurry soil is divided into the covering layer and the turnover layer by using the double-layer shovel, the white slurry layer and the clay layer of the turnover layer can be exchanged after the turnover layer is turned over, and the exchanged clay layer and the surface soil layer are connected, namely, the surface soil layer and the clay layer can be jointly used as a cultivation layer, so that the thickness of the soil of the cultivation layer is increased, the influence of the white slurry layer during cultivation is avoided, and the improvement of the white slurry soil is realized;
(2) The soil cutting device comprises a longitudinal cutting disc and a transverse cutting disc, wherein the transverse cutting disc is connected with a lifting device, when white slurry soil is cut, the longitudinal cutting disc can be used for cutting two parallel sides firstly, after the required length is reached, the transverse cutting disc is used for transversely cutting off the soil to form soil blocks, the formed soil blocks can have a more regular shape, are convenient to turn over, can be smoothly put into the original position after being turned over, and realize the in-situ turning over;
(3) The soil shoveling device comprises double-layer scooters, wherein the vehicle plates of each layer of scooters are respectively connected with a first flat steel shovel and a second flat steel shovel, the two flat steel shovels are respectively shoveled into different positions of a upturned soil so as to realize the partition of the upturned soil, thereby realizing the partition of the upturned soil into a covering layer and a turnover layer, and simultaneously, under the action of a first conveying channel and a second conveying channel which are respectively arranged on the two vehicle plates, the covering layer and the turnover layer are respectively transferred to the next working position, so that a continuous working flow is realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure position relationship of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the soil cutting device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the construction of a bulldozer according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a soil shoveling apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the forward position structure of the flipping device of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the inverted structure of the turning device according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the structure of soil layers before and after the white clay treatment according to the present invention;
1, a soil cutting device; 11. a first longitudinal cutting disk; 12. a second longitudinal cutting disk; 13. a transverse cutting disc; 14. a support frame; 15. a lifting device; 2. a crawler tractor; 3. a bulldozer; 31. a push plate; 32. a scissor type pushing structure; 33. a fixing plate; 34. a hydraulic device; 4. a soil shoveling device; 41. a first butt steel shovel; 42. a second end-aligning steel shovel; 43. a first sweep; 44. a second sweep; 5. a turnover device; 51. a roll-over stand; 52. overturning a base; 53. a drive shaft; 54. a conveyor belt; 6. a conveying device; 7. a turnover box; 71. a side plate; 72. a cover plate.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention aims to provide a white slurry soil improvement device and an improvement method thereof, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art, the white slurry soil is divided into a covering layer and a turnover layer by utilizing a double-layer shovel, the white slurry layer and a clay layer of the turnover layer can be exchanged after the turnover layer is turned over, the exchanged clay layer and a surface soil layer are connected, namely the surface soil layer and the clay layer can be jointly used as a cultivation layer, the thickness of the soil of the cultivation layer is increased, the influence of the white slurry layer during cultivation is avoided, and the improvement of the white slurry soil is realized.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the present invention provides a white clay improving device, which comprises a clay cutting device 1, a clay shoveling device 4 and a turning device 5 which are sequentially arranged, wherein the devices can be connected to the same agricultural machine or can be connected and driven respectively, i.e. split operation is performed during actual operation. The soil cutting device 1 is used for cutting white slurry soil into soil blocks, the soil cutting device 1 can adopt a saw blade type cutting device, the size of a saw blade can meet the requirement of cutting thickness, and the driving mode of a power source can be electric driving or internal combustion engine driving of an agricultural machine. The upturned soil sequentially comprises a surface soil layer, a white slurry layer and a clay layer from top to bottom, and the upturned soil layer is cut into the deep position of the white slurry soil and the clay layer which is not polluted during cutting. The shoveling device 4 comprises a double-layer shovel, and the distance between the two steel shovels of the double-layer shovel can be adjusted or a plurality of fixed and selectable distance sizes are arranged so as to be applicable to white serosity soil with different thicknesses. The double-layer shovel can shovel into the top of the white slurry layer and the bottom of the clay layer, and separates the soil slice into a covering layer containing a surface soil layer and a turnover layer containing the white slurry layer and the clay layer. In addition, the shovel device 4 further comprises a conveying channel connected with the double-layer shovel, and the conveying channel can be used for conveying the covering layer and the turnover layer respectively, so that a conveying belt can be arranged on the shovel device 4 to reduce resistance and friction for conveying. The turning device 5 may comprise a clamping plate for clamping the upturned soil, and the upturned soil is realized by using the clamping plate to connect with the rotating structure, or may comprise a box body for bearing the upturned soil, and the upturned soil is realized by using the box body to connect with the rotating structure. Specifically, the turnover layer is conveyed to the turnover device 5, the turnover layer is turned up and down and placed in situ under the action of the turnover device 5, and the covering layer is located on the upper portion of the turned turnover layer, that is, the covering layer can be directly conveyed to the position where the turnover device 5 outputs the turned turnover layer without being turned over by the turnover device 5, and at this time, the surface soil layer and the clay layer form a new cultivation layer. According to the invention, the white slurry soil is divided into the covering layer and the turnover layer by the double-layer shovel, the white slurry layer and the clay layer of the turnover layer are exchanged after the turnover layer is turned over, so that the surface soil layer and the clay layer are jointly used as the cultivation layer, the thickness of the soil of the cultivation layer is increased, the influence of the white slurry layer during cultivation is avoided, and the improvement of the white slurry soil is realized.
Further, in order to realize the overall driving and the overall operation, the crawler tractor 2 can be included, the soil cutting device 1 is arranged at the head side of the crawler tractor 2, and the soil shoveling device 4 and the turning device 5 are sequentially arranged at the tail side of the crawler tractor 2. The soil cutting device 1 obtains forward power by virtue of the thrust of the crawler tractor 2, and the soil shoveling device 4 and the turnover device 5 obtain forward power by virtue of the tension of the crawler tractor 2. The soil cutting device 1 can be connected to the crawler tractor 2 through a telescopic cylinder, and the depth of the saw blade of the soil cutting device 1 penetrating into the soil layer, namely the cutting thickness, can be adjusted by means of the telescopic cylinder. Similarly, the soil shoveling device 4 can also be connected to the crawler tractor 2 through another telescopic cylinder, and the depth of penetration of the soil shoveling device 4 is adjusted by means of the telescopic of the other telescopic cylinder, so that the thickness of the shoveled soil layer is adjusted. Thereby being suitable for different white clay environments.
As shown in fig. 2, the soil cutting device 1 includes a support frame 14, longitudinal cutting discs (including a first longitudinal cutting disc 11 and a second longitudinal cutting disc 12) disposed on both sides of the support frame 14 in parallel with a traveling direction, and a transverse cutting disc 13 disposed on a front side of the support frame 14 perpendicular to the traveling direction, and the support frame 14 may be mounted on the crawler tractor 2. The transverse cutting disc 13 is connected to the support frame 14 by means of a lifting device 15, and the lifting of the first and second longitudinal cutting discs 11, 12 can be carried out along with the support frame 14, the lifting of the transverse cutting disc 13 being controlled by the lifting device 15. When cutting white slurry soil, the first longitudinal cutting disc 11 and the second longitudinal cutting disc 12 which are parallel can be adopted to cut two parallel sides firstly, and strip-shaped soil strips are formed along with the progress of cutting, after the required length is reached, the soil strips are transversely cut off by the transverse cutting disc 13 to form rectangular soil blocks with a certain breadth, the formed soil blocks can have a more regular shape, are convenient to turn over, can be smoothly put into the original position after being turned over, and realize the original position turning over. The distance between the two longitudinal cutting discs and the length of the cut soil blocks can be set according to the turning capacity of the turning device 5, because the larger the soil blocks are, the larger the mass of the soil blocks is, the larger the turning capacity requirement of the turning device 5 is, in addition, the higher the requirement on the soil shoveling device 4 is, and if the soil blocks are too small, the turning efficiency is too low, so that the soil blocks are required to be reasonably set, and the soil blocks with large sizes are adopted as much as possible on the basis of the capacity of adapting to equipment, so that the operation efficiency can be ensured.
As shown in fig. 4, the soil shoveling device 4 comprises a double-deck scooter comprising two deck boards, a first board 43 and a second board 44. The double-layer shovel comprises a first integral steel shovel 41 and a second integral steel shovel 42, the first integral steel shovel 41 and the second integral steel shovel 42 are respectively connected to a first vehicle plate 43 and a second vehicle plate 44, the first integral steel shovel 41 and the second integral steel shovel 42 adopt wedge-shaped or steel shovels with certain dip angles, can gradually shovel into the top of a white slurry layer and the bottom of a clay layer respectively, and shovel up a covering layer (surface soil) and a turnover layer (white slurry layer and clay layer), and the first vehicle plate 43 and the second vehicle plate 44 respectively form a first conveying channel and a second conveying channel for the covering layer and the turnover layer to pass through. For the first conveying channel and the second conveying channel to smoothly convey the covering layer and the turnover layer, a conveyor belt structure can be arranged on the first vehicle plate 43 and the second vehicle plate 44 so as to reduce friction loss in the transportation process, and the conveyor belt structure can be connected with a driving structure to realize active conveying.
As shown in fig. 3, the bulldozer 3 is disposed at the entrance of the double-deck scooter, and it should be noted that the bulldozer 3 may be disposed with two sets, which correspond to the upper layer and the lower layer of the double-deck scooter respectively. The bulldozer 3 may include a push plate 31 and a scissor type pushing structure 32 coupled to the push plate 31, with the other end of the scissor type pushing structure 32 being coupled to a fixed plate 33 and being coupled to the crawler tractor 2 via the fixed plate 33. The fixed plate 33 is provided with a hydraulic device 34, and the hydraulic device 34 is utilized to push a push rod hinged with the movable end of the scissor-fork pushing structure 32, so that the scissor-fork pushing structure 32 can stretch and retract, and further the push plate 31 can push soil blocks. In normal operation in the field, the soil elements shoveled in the rear can provide the conveying thrust of the soil elements shoveled in the front, so that a continuous working flow is formed, however, when the soil elements shoveled in the rear do not reach the ground or the boundary, the soil elements shoveled in the rear are not left, and at this time, the soil elements on the double-layer plate vehicle can be pushed to the turning device 5 by the bulldozer 3.
As shown in fig. 1, comprises a conveyor 6, the conveyor 6 being located above the turning device 5, the conveyor 6 being used for conveying the cover layer. The first conveying channel and the second conveying channel of the double-layer plate vehicle of the soil shoveling device 4 respectively convey the covering layer and the turnover layer, the covering layer is conveyed to the conveying device 6, and the turnover layer is conveyed to the turnover device 5. The cover layer transported by the transport means 6 is not inverted, whereas the inverting means 5 invert the inverted layer into a new state (as shown in fig. 7).
As shown in fig. 5 to 6, the turnover device 5 may include a turnover base 52 and a turnover frame 51 rotatably disposed on the turnover base 52, and further include a turnover box 7, wherein the turnover box 7 is mounted on the turnover frame 51, the turnover frame 51 has a disc-shaped structure, an arc surface of the disc-shaped structure contacts with a driving shaft 53, and the turnover frame 51 having the disc-shaped structure is driven to rotate by the driving shaft 53 to implement a turnover process of at least 180 °. The turn-over box 7 includes a side plate 71 and a cover plate 72, and the cover plate 72 is hinged to the side plate 71 and provided with a structure for controlling opening and closing. When the soil shoveling device 4 transfers the soil upturned to the turning device 5 (the forward position shown in fig. 5), the soil upturned enters the turning box 7 at first, and the cover plate 72 is in a closed state at this time, in order to facilitate the conveying of the soil upturned, a conveying belt 54 can be arranged on the inner bottom surface of the turning box 7, and the conveying belt 54 can have an active driving structure to realize active driving of the soil upturned, or can only reduce friction between the turning box 7 and the soil upturned by passive rotation. When the upturned soil is in place, the turning frame 51 is driven to rotate to drive the turning box 7 to turn, in the turning process, the cover plate 72 is gradually located below the upturned soil and plays a role of a supporting plate, and after turning 180 degrees in place (the reverse direction shown in fig. 6), the cover plate 72 starts to be opened, so that the upturned soil passes through the hollow area of the turning base 52 and is placed in situ. Therefore, the overturning device 5 can be utilized to overturn the overturning box 7 upside down, the upper and lower positions of the white slurry layer and the clay layer are reversed after the soil blocks are overturned, the cover plate 72 of the overturning box 7 is opened after overturning in place, and the overturned soil blocks fall into the soil shoveling position in situ to realize in-situ overturning.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the present invention also provides a method for improving white clay, which can utilize the white clay improving device described above, comprising the steps of:
firstly, cutting white slurry soil to form upturned soil, wherein the upturned soil sequentially comprises a surface soil layer, a white slurry layer and a clay layer from top to bottom in the cutting depth range;
step two, in-situ turning the white slurry layer and the clay layer, and replacing the clay layer to the upper part of the white slurry layer and below the surface soil layer; forming plough layer soil with the thickness larger than that of the topsoil layer;
and thirdly, carrying out agricultural measures such as ploughing, curing, fertilizing (the ploughing, curing, fertilizing and the like are the technology known in the art and are not repeated here) on the plough layer soil, and finishing improvement.
When cutting the white serosity, the white serosity to be improved is investigated, and the thicknesses of the topsoil layer, the white serosity layer and the clay layer are determined. The cutting depth is between 0.6m and 1.0m, namely the total thickness of the surface soil, the white slurry layer and the clay layer is between 0.6m and 1.0m, the depth range is the level which can be achieved by normal agricultural machinery, the resource waste caused by the too deep cutting depth can be avoided, meanwhile, the phenomenon that enough clay layer cannot be overturned below the surface soil caused by the too shallow cutting depth is avoided, and the proper treatment effect is finally achieved.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to specific examples, which are provided to facilitate understanding of the method and core ideas of the present invention; also, it is within the scope of the present invention to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a white serosity soil improvement device which characterized in that: the soil cutting device is used for cutting white slurry soil into upturned soil, the upturned soil sequentially comprises a surface soil layer, a white slurry layer and a clay layer from top to bottom, the soil cutting device comprises a double-layer shovel, the double-layer shovel can shovel into the top of the white slurry layer and the bottom of the clay layer to divide the upturned soil into a covering layer containing the surface soil layer and a turnover layer containing the white slurry layer and the clay layer, the turnover device is used for placing the turnover layer in situ after being turned up and down, the covering layer is positioned on the upper part of the turnover layer after being turned over, and the surface soil layer and the clay layer form a new cultivation layer; the soil cutting device comprises a support frame, longitudinal cutting discs arranged on two sides of the support frame in parallel to the advancing direction and transverse cutting discs arranged on the front side of the support frame in perpendicular to the advancing direction, and the transverse cutting discs are connected to the support frame through a lifting device; the soil shoveling device comprises a double-layer plate vehicle, the double-layer shovel comprises a first all-head steel shovel and a second all-head steel shovel, the first all-head steel shovel and the second all-head steel shovel are respectively connected to two vehicle plates of the double-layer plate vehicle, the first all-head steel shovel and the second all-head steel shovel can be respectively shoveled into the top of the white slurry layer and the bottom of the clay layer, and the two vehicle plates are respectively provided with a first conveying channel and a second conveying channel for the covering layer and the turnover layer to pass through; the entrance of the double-layer plate vehicle is provided with a bulldozer, the bulldozer comprises a push plate and a scissor type pushing structure connected with the push plate, and the bulldozer is used for pushing the soil blocks on the double-layer plate vehicle to the turning device when the soil blocks shoveled in at the back are not present; the device comprises a conveying device, wherein the conveying device is positioned above the overturning device and is used for conveying the covering layer.
2. The white clay improving apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the soil cutting device is arranged on the head side of the crawler tractor, and the soil shoveling device and the turnover device are sequentially arranged on the tail side of the crawler tractor.
3. The white clay improving apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the turnover device comprises a turnover base and a turnover frame which is rotatably arranged on the turnover base, wherein the turnover frame comprises a forward direction and a backward direction, when the turnover frame is in the forward direction, upturned soil enters the turnover frame, and when the turnover frame is in the backward direction, the upturned soil is output by the turnover frame.
4. A white clay improving apparatus according to claim 3 wherein: the turnover frame is provided with a turnover box, the turnover box comprises a side plate and a cover plate, the cover plate is closed in a forward position, and the cover plate is opened in a reverse position.
5. A method of modifying white clay using the white clay modifying device according to any one of claims 1-4, comprising the steps of:
firstly, cutting white slurry soil to form upturned soil, wherein the upturned soil sequentially comprises a surface soil layer, a white slurry layer and a clay layer from top to bottom in the cutting depth range;
step two, the white slurry layer and the clay layer are turned in situ, and the clay layer is replaced to the upper part of the white slurry layer and is positioned below the surface soil layer; forming plough layer soil with the thickness larger than that of the topsoil layer;
and thirdly, curing and fertilizing the plough layer soil to finish improvement.
6. The method for improving white clay according to claim 5, wherein: and (3) investigation is carried out on the white slurry soil to be improved, and the thicknesses of the surface soil layer, the white slurry layer and the clay layer are determined, wherein the cutting depth is between 0.6m and 1.0 m.
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| CN202210874452.7A CN115226430B (en) | 2022-07-25 | 2022-07-25 | Device and method for improving white clay |
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