CN115176668A - Regenerated material of plant-derived waste, preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Regenerated material of plant-derived waste, preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115176668A CN115176668A CN202210918176.XA CN202210918176A CN115176668A CN 115176668 A CN115176668 A CN 115176668A CN 202210918176 A CN202210918176 A CN 202210918176A CN 115176668 A CN115176668 A CN 115176668A
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- plant
- waste
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- ammonium
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- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 16
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000729 antidote Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- FNAQSUUGMSOBHW-UHFFFAOYSA-H calcium citrate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O FNAQSUUGMSOBHW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001354 calcium citrate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013337 tricalcium citrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- RWYRUDPAALLKPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-difluoro-n-methylethanamine;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.CNCC(F)F RWYRUDPAALLKPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001749 Calcium fumarate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000648 calcium alginate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010410 calcium alginate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960002681 calcium alginate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019296 calcium fumarate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- OKHHGHGGPDJQHR-YMOPUZKJSA-L calcium;(2s,3s,4s,5s,6r)-6-[(2r,3s,4r,5s,6r)-2-carboxy-6-[(2r,3s,4r,5s,6r)-2-carboxylato-4,5,6-trihydroxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxane-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Ca+2].O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@H](O)O[C@@H](C([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O2)C([O-])=O)O)[C@H](C(O)=O)O1 OKHHGHGGPDJQHR-YMOPUZKJSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 35
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 14
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 231100000674 Phytotoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 12
- 230000007226 seed germination Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 description 6
- 231100000208 phytotoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 6
- 230000000885 phytotoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010564 aerobic fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003627 allelochemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006065 biodegradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010921 garden waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002366 mineral element Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930000184 phytotoxin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000005837 radical ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004936 stimulating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention discloses a regeneration material of plant source wastes, a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of plant source waste regeneration. The preparation method comprises the following steps: crushing the plant-derived waste, mixing the crushed plant-derived waste with water and a detoxifying agent to form a mixture, and standing for 3-7 days to obtain the regenerated material. The detoxicant comprises one or more of ammonium salt or ammonia water, and the ratio of the dry weight of the plant source waste to the effective mass of the detoxicant is 100: (0.5-2), wherein the effective mass of the detoxicant comprises the mass of ammonium salt and the mass of solute in ammonia water. The method has the advantages of simple operation, short period, high efficiency, low cost and good treatment effect, and the regenerated material prepared by the method can be used as a matrix material or an organic fertilizer or a raw material thereof.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a renewable material of plant-derived waste, a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of plant-derived waste regeneration.
Background
The plant-derived waste refers to waste with main components derived from plant residues, such as crop straws, garden waste, mushroom dregs and the like. Billions of tons of plant source wastes are generated in China every year, and many wastes are piled everywhere, so that serious environmental pollution and resource waste are caused.
The plant-derived waste contains cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and the like as main components, and also contains a large amount of mineral elements, so that the plant-derived waste has potential as a horticultural substrate raw material. However, when untreated plant-derived waste is used as a substrate raw material, it often has a serious inhibitory effect on plant growth due to the presence of phytotoxicity. Phytotoxicity refers to the deleterious effects on plant growth that can be caused by a variety of compounds, including trace metals, pesticides, salinity, phytotoxins or allelochemicals. In order to reduce the phytotoxicity, the current common method is to carry out aerobic or anaerobic fermentation on the wastes to thoroughly decompose the wastes and degrade the phytotoxic substances in the wastes, so that the wastes can be used as a substrate or an organic fertilizer for crop cultivation. However, the decomposition of the plant source waste by microbial fermentation usually takes a long time, the phytotoxicity of the plant source waste can be effectively removed only by 30-60 days of stacking fermentation, the treatment period is long, and the treatment efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a regenerated material of plant-derived waste, which has high treatment efficiency and shortens the treatment time cost, and a preparation method and application thereof.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the preparation method of the regenerated material of the plant source waste comprises the following steps:
crushing the plant source waste, mixing the crushed plant source waste with water and a detoxifying agent to form a mixture, and standing the mixture to obtain the regeneration material. The detoxicant comprises one or more of ammonium salt or ammonia water, and the ratio of the dry weight of the plant source waste to the effective mass of the detoxicant is 100: (0.5-2), wherein the effective mass of the detoxicant comprises the mass of ammonium salt and the mass of solute in ammonia water.
Further, the standing time of the mixture is 3-7 days.
Further, the ammonium salt is one or more of ammonium carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride and ammonium nitrate.
Further, the mass ratio of the dry weight of the plant-derived waste to the water in the mixture is 1: (2-4).
Further, the detoxifying agent also comprises a weakly acidic calcium salt, wherein the weakly acidic calcium salt comprises one or more of calcium carbonate, calcium citrate, calcium fumarate and calcium alginate.
Further, the mass ratio of the ammonium salt to the weakly acidic calcium salt is (1-3): 1.
further, the detoxifying agent also comprises humic acid.
Further, the mass ratio of the ammonium salt to the humic acid is (1-3): 1.
the second purpose of the invention is to provide the regenerated material of the plant source waste, which is prepared by the preparation method.
A third object of the present invention is to provide use of the above recycled material of plant-derived wastes, which can be used as a substrate for crop cultivation, an organic fertilizer or a raw material for preparing a substrate or an organic fertilizer.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
in the process of mixing and standing the crushed plant source waste with the detoxifying agent and water, the toxic substances in the plant source waste react with ammonium salt or ammonia water in the detoxifying agent to enable the toxic substances in the plant source waste to lose toxicity, and the regenerated material of the plant source waste with phytotoxicity removed is formed. The method can remove the phytotoxicity substances in the plant source waste through the targeted reaction without the traditional undifferentiated biodegradation and slow degradation, and can obtain the regenerated material for eliminating the phytotoxicity.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be apparent that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
The invention provides a preparation method of a regenerated material of plant-derived wastes, which comprises the following steps:
crushing the plant source waste, mixing the crushed plant source waste with water and a detoxifying agent to form a mixture, and standing the mixture to obtain the regenerated material for eliminating the phytotoxicity. The plant-derived waste can be directly pulverized by wet materials, or the plant-derived waste can be pulverized after being dried, so long as the pulverized product of the plant-derived waste is obtained.
In the mixing, the ratio of the dry weight of the plant source waste to the effective mass of the detoxifier is 100: (0.5-2), the effective mass of the detoxicant comprises the mass of ammonium salt and the mass of solute in ammonia water. When the dried plant source waste is subjected to detoxification treatment, directly weighing the plant source waste and a detoxifying agent according to a mass ratio; when the wet material of the plant source waste is subjected to detoxification treatment, calculating the dry weight of the plant source waste according to the water content of the plant source waste, and then weighing the detoxicant according to the proportion.
The standing and stacking time is controlled within 3-7 days, so that a good detoxification effect can be obtained, and the phytotoxicity removal effect of the regeneration material is directly influenced by overlong or overlong stacking time. The detoxifying agent adopted by the invention comprises one or more of ammonium salt or ammonia water, wherein the ammonium salt can be one or more of ammonium carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride and ammonium nitrate.
In the detoxification treatment, the mass ratio of the dry weight of the plant-derived waste in the mixture to water is 1: (2-4), wherein the ratio of the plant-derived waste to the total water content in the mixture is defined, namely when the plant-derived waste adopts wet materials which are not dried, the water contained in the plant-derived waste is converted into the mass of the water according to the water content; when the detoxifying agent is ammonia water, water contained in the ammonia water is converted into the mass of the water according to the mass and the concentration of the ammonia water, and the adding amount of the water is correspondingly reduced according to the conversion result.
In order to further improve the detoxification effect, the detoxification agent also comprises a weakly acidic calcium salt, wherein the weakly acidic calcium salt is a calcium salt formed by calcium ions and weak acid radical ions and can be one or more of calcium carbonate, calcium citrate, calcium fumarate and calcium alginate. In the detoxication agent, the mass ratio of ammonium salt or ammonia water to weak acid calcium salt is (1-3): 1, the combination of the two components can improve the effect of removing the toxicity of the plants. Meanwhile, the detoxifying agent also comprises humic acid, the humic acid is compounded with weakly acidic calcium salt, ammonium salt or ammonia water, the influence of the humic acid on the germination index of the seeds when the humic acid is used as a regenerated culture material is improved, the germination of the seeds is promoted, and in the detoxifying agent, the mass ratio of the ammonium salt or the ammonia water to the humic acid is (1-3): 1.
the second purpose of the invention is to provide the regenerated material of the plant source waste, which is prepared by the preparation method.
The third objective of the present invention is to provide the application of the above regenerated material of plant-derived waste, wherein the regenerated material can be used as a substrate for crop cultivation, an organic fertilizer or a raw material for preparing the substrate or the organic fertilizer, i.e. the regenerated material of plant-derived waste prepared by the above preparation method can be used as a substrate material or an organic fertilizer, and inorganic substrates such as medium and trace fertilizers, bactericides, water retention agents or shale soil, perlite, etc. can be added on the basis of the regenerated material to form a substrate material.
The plant source waste adopted in the embodiments of the invention is urban road greening waste, which is dried, crushed and sieved by a 0.2cm sieve to be used as experimental material for standby.
Example one
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a renewable material of plant-derived waste, which comprises the following steps: ammonium carbonate, water and experimental materials were mixed in a ratio of 1:200:100, and standing and stacking for 5 days at room temperature.
Example two
The difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is mainly as follows: mixing ammonium bicarbonate, water and experimental materials according to the proportion of 1:200:100, and standing and stacking for 5 days at room temperature.
EXAMPLE III
The difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is mainly as follows: mixing ammonium sulfate, water and experimental materials according to the ratio of 1:200:100, and standing and stacking for 5 days at room temperature.
Example four
The difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is mainly as follows: ammonia water with the concentration of 1%, water and experimental materials are mixed according to the ratio of 100:100:100, and standing and stacking for 5 days at room temperature.
EXAMPLE five
The difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is mainly as follows: ammonium carbonate, water and experimental materials were mixed in a ratio of 0.5:200:100, and standing and stacking for 5 days at room temperature.
EXAMPLE six
The difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is mainly as follows: ammonium carbonate, water and experimental materials were mixed in a ratio of 1.5:200:100, and standing and stacking for 5 days at room temperature.
EXAMPLE seven
The difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is mainly as follows: mixing ammonium carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, water and experimental materials according to a ratio of 0.5:0.5:200:100, and standing and stacking for 5 days at room temperature.
Example eight
The difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is mainly as follows: mixing ammonium carbonate, water and experimental materials according to the proportion of 1:300:100, and standing and stacking for 5 days at room temperature.
Example nine
The difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is mainly as follows: ammonium carbonate, water and experimental materials were mixed in a ratio of 1:400:100, and standing and stacking for 5 days at room temperature.
EXAMPLE ten
The difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is mainly as follows: mixing ammonium carbonate, water and experimental materials according to the proportion of 1:200:100, and standing and stacking for 3 days at room temperature.
EXAMPLE eleven
The difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is mainly as follows: ammonium carbonate, water and experimental materials were mixed in a ratio of 1:200:100, and standing and stacking for 7 days at room temperature.
Example twelve
The difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is mainly as follows: mixing ammonium carbonate, calcium carbonate, water and experimental materials according to the proportion of 1:0.5:200:100, and standing and stacking for 5 days at room temperature.
Thirteen examples
The difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is mainly as follows: mixing ammonium carbonate, calcium citrate, water and experimental materials according to the weight ratio of 1:1:200:100, and standing and stacking for 5 days at room temperature.
Example fourteen
The difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is mainly as follows: mixing ammonium carbonate, calcium carbonate, humic acid, water and experimental materials according to the proportion of 1:0.5:0.5:200:100, and standing and stacking for 5 days at room temperature.
Comparative example 1
The experimental material without any treatment was used as a regenerated material control.
Comparative example No. two
Water was mixed with the experimental material as per 2:1, and standing and stacking for 5 days at room temperature.
Comparative example No. three
Mixing calcium carbonate, water and experimental materials according to the ratio of 0.5:200:100, and standing and stacking for 5 days at room temperature.
Comparative example No. four
Sodium hydroxide, water and test material were mixed in a ratio of 0.5:200:100, and standing and stacking for 5 days at room temperature.
Comparative example five
Mixing humic acid, water and experimental materials according to the weight ratio of 0.5:200:100, and standing and stacking for 5 days at room temperature.
Comparative example six
Ammonium carbonate, water and experimental materials were mixed in a ratio of 1:100:100, and standing and stacking for 5 days at room temperature.
Comparative example seven
Mixing ammonium carbonate, water and experimental materials according to the proportion of 1:200:100, and standing and stacking for 1 day at room temperature.
Comparative example eight
Mixing ammonium carbonate, water and experimental materials according to the proportion of 1:200:100, and standing and stacking for 9 days at room temperature.
Comparative example No. nine
0.01, 0.1, 1.0 and 10mg/ml ammonium carbonate solution is respectively used for a seed germination test, and the seed germination index is tested.
Comparative example ten
The calcium carbonate solutions of 0.01, 0.1, 1.0 and 10mg/ml were used in the seed germination test, respectively, and the seed germination index was measured.
Comparative example eleven
Humic acid solutions of 0.01, 0.1, 1.0 and 10mg/ml are respectively used for seed germination tests, and the seed germination indexes are tested.
Evaluation of phytotoxicity
The seed germination index is used for evaluating the phytotoxicity of the regenerated material, and the higher the germination index is, the lower the phytotoxicity of the material is. The specific method comprises the following steps: the recycled materials prepared in examples one to fourteen and comparative examples one to eight were mixed with water in a ratio of 1:10, shaking for 30 minutes, centrifuging for 10 minutes, taking the supernatant for analyzing the seed germination index (the seed germination test can be implemented according to the industry standard, taking 10 green vegetable seeds with basically consistent sizes, putting the green vegetable seeds into a culture dish with filter paper, adding the supernatant prepared by the method, culturing for 72 hours at room temperature in a dark place, measuring the germination length one by using a vernier caliper, taking purified water as a reference, and carrying out a blank test), counting and calculating the seed germination index of the regenerated material of each embodiment and comparative example = the germination length of the material to be measured/the germination length of the purified water by 100%. The test results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 results of seed germination index test for each example and comparative example
| Implementation numbering | Index of germination of seeds | Implementation numbering | Index of germination of seeds |
| Example one | 90.2％ | Comparative example No. four | 2.3％ |
| Example two | 84.6％ | Comparative example five | 4.7％ |
| EXAMPLE III | 86.8％ | Comparative example six | 35.1％ |
| Example four | 89.4％ | Comparative example seven | 8.9％ |
| EXAMPLE five | 75.4％ | Comparative example eight | 9.4％ |
| EXAMPLE six | 85.3％ | COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE nine (0.01 mg/ml) | 96.8％ |
| EXAMPLE seven | 84.3％ | COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE nine (0.1 mg/ml) | 92.1％ |
| Example eight | 91.3％ | COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE nine (1 mg/ml) | 1％ |
| Example nine | 90.8％ | COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE nine (10 mg/ml) | 0％ |
| EXAMPLE ten | 92.5％ | COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE ten (0.01 mg/ml) | 99.4％ |
| EXAMPLE eleven | 86.9％ | COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE ten (0.1 mg/ml) | 100.5％ |
| Example twelve | 93.5％ | COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE ten (1 mg/ml) | 99.7％ |
| EXAMPLE thirteen | 92.7％ | COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE ten (10 mg/ml) | 97.8％ |
| Example fourteen | 96.1％ | Comparative example eleven (0.01 mg/ml) | 81.5％ |
| Comparative example 1 | 5.6％ | Comparative example eleven (0.1 mg/ml) | 77.9％ |
| Comparative example No. two | 7.2％ | Comparative example eleven (1 mg/ml) | 75.2％ |
| Comparative example No. three | 6.5％ | Comparative example eleven (10 mg/ml) | 55.1％ |
As can be seen from table 1, after the preparation method of the present invention is adopted to treat the plant-derived waste, the germination index of the seeds of the material can be greatly improved only by as short as 3-7 days, which means that the main phytotoxic substances are significantly removed, and the germination index of the seeds of the regenerated material obtained based on the method of the present invention can substantially reach more than 80%, thus completely meeting the general planting requirements. Compared with the prior art, the seed germination index of the untreated plant source waste is only 5.6 percent and can not meet the requirement of being used as a matrix or an organic fertilizer, and in other embodiments, the plant source waste is treated by water, calcium carbonate, sodium hydroxide or humic acid independently, the treatment effect is not obvious, and the phytotoxic substances in the plant source waste can not be removed. Meanwhile, the change of the mixing mass ratio or the treatment time of the detoxifying agent, the water and the plant source waste can directly influence the treatment effect of the detoxifying agent on the plant source waste, so that the removal effect of the phytotoxic substances in the plant source waste is greatly reduced. Furthermore, as can be seen from the comparative examples nine to eleven, the components of the antidote used in the present invention, which do not themselves have a promoting and stimulating effect on the germination of seeds, but rather have a significant inhibitory effect on the germination of seeds at certain concentrations, it can be seen that the improvement of the germination index of the seeds of the regenerated material after the treatment of the plant-derived waste with the antidote according to the present invention is achieved not by the influence of the antidote itself on the germination of the seeds but by the removal of phytotoxic substances from the plant-derived waste.
According to the invention, the ammonium salt or ammonia water is used as a detoxifying agent to detoxify the plant source waste, so that the plant toxic substances can be simply and efficiently removed. Compared with the prior art that the phytotoxic substances are removed by a composting decomposition fermentation mode, the scheme of the invention does not depend on the fermentation and degradation of microorganisms, and correspondingly, has no characteristic that the action effect determined by the value-added characteristic of the microorganisms is improved along with the prolonging of time, shortens the decomposition period of the whole treatment period from 30 to 60 days to 3 to 7 days, is safe and efficient, is simple and convenient to implement, greatly reduces the cost for regeneration treatment of the plant source waste, can realize the low-cost conversion of the plant source waste with wide sources and huge quantity into a matrix material or an organic fertilizer material or a raw material thereof, and has great significance for solving the environmental problem caused by the plant source waste.
The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise form disclosed herein and is not to be construed as limited to the exclusion of other embodiments, and that various other combinations, modifications, and environments may be used and modifications may be made within the scope of the concepts described herein, either by the above teachings or the skill or knowledge of the relevant art. And that modifications and variations may be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the regenerated material of the plant source waste is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
crushing plant source wastes, mixing the crushed plant source wastes with water and a detoxifying agent to form a mixture, and standing the mixture to obtain a regenerated material; the detoxicant comprises one or more of ammonium salt or ammonia water, and the ratio of the dry weight of the plant source waste to the effective mass of the detoxicant is 100: 0.5-2, wherein the effective mass of the detoxicant comprises the mass of ammonium salt and the mass of solute in ammonia water.
2. The method for preparing a regenerated material of plant-derived waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: the standing time of the mixture is 3 to 7 days.
3. The method for preparing a regenerated material of plant-derived waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: the ammonium salt is one or more of ammonium carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride and ammonium nitrate.
4. The method for preparing a regenerated material of plant-derived waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mass ratio of the dry weight of the plant-derived waste to the water in the mixture is 1:2 to 4.
5. The method for preparing a regenerated material of plant-derived waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: the antidote also comprises a weakly acidic calcium salt, wherein the weakly acidic calcium salt comprises one or more of calcium carbonate, calcium citrate, calcium fumarate and calcium alginate.
6. The method of manufacturing a recycled plant-derived waste material as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the mass ratio of the ammonium salt to the weakly acidic calcium salt is 1-3: 1.
7. the method for preparing a regenerated material of plant-derived waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: the detoxifying agent also comprises humic acid.
8. The method for preparing a regenerated material of plant-derived waste according to claim 7, characterized in that: the mass ratio of the ammonium salt to the humic acid is 1-3: 1.
9. the regeneration material of plant source wastes is characterized in that: prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. Use of a plant-derived waste recycling material according to claim 9, characterized in that: the regenerated material can be used as a substrate for crop cultivation, an organic fertilizer or a raw material for preparing the substrate or the organic fertilizer.
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| FR2210467A FR3138332A1 (en) | 2022-08-01 | 2022-10-12 | Material recycled from waste of plant origin, its preparation process and its applications |
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| CN115176668B (en) | 2023-07-25 |
| FR3138332A1 (en) | 2024-02-02 |
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