CN110668871A - Tomato matrix seedling raising fertilizer composition and seedling raising method - Google Patents
Tomato matrix seedling raising fertilizer composition and seedling raising method Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizer production, in particular to a tomato matrix seedling raising fertilizer composition and an application method thereof. The tomato matrix seedling culture fertilizer composition comprises a base fertilizer and an additional fertilizer, wherein the base fertilizer comprises a nitrogen fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer, a potash fertilizer, magnesium oxide, a compound microbial agent and biomass charcoal, and the pH value of the base fertilizer is 6.5-8.0; the additional fertilizer comprises nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer and magnesium oxide. The nutrient provided by the fertilizer composition can meet the requirements of tomato seedlings on nutrients in different growth stages.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizer production, in particular to a fertilizer composition for tomato substrate seedling culture and a seedling culture method.
Background
The cultivation of strong seedlings by vegetables is a key for guaranteeing high quality and high yield of vegetables, and the fertilization management and the research of special fertilizers are important technical measures for cultivating strong seedlings, and have important significance for standardized production and industrial upgrading of vegetables.
The environmental regulation measures such as illumination, humidity and the like in the seedling raising period are very important for culturing strong seedlings, and the material formula and reasonable fertilization of the seedling raising matrix are also key factors influencing the growth quality of the seedlings. Indexes such as nutrient consumption, nutrient proportion and nutrient concentration of the substrate in the seedling raising period have important influence on overground and root system development of the seedlings, dry matter accumulation and nutrient utilization rate. For example, the proportion of nitrogen, potassium and other nutritional factors in the tomato seedling raising process has a significant influence on the tomato seedling emergence rate, the seedling growth, the dry matter accumulation, the early flowering number and the fruit setting number. However, the demand of the plants for nutrients does not change linearly for different stages of the tomato seedling process. In the prior art, the research on the change of the nutrient concentration of the matrix in different stages of the seedling raising period and the coordination of the nutrient supply after fertilization and the growth and nutrient demand of the seedling is insufficient for the seedling raising of the tomato matrix, so that the current tomato matrix fertilizer is difficult to meet the nutrient demand of the tomato seedling in different stages of the growth.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a tomato matrix seedling fertilizer composition, aiming at the problem that different nutritional requirements are different in different tomato matrix seedling processes.
The invention also provides a tomato substrate seedling raising method.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the embodiment of the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the tomato matrix seedling culture fertilizer composition comprises a base fertilizer and an additional fertilizer, wherein the base fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 4-6 parts of nitrogen fertilizer by nitrogen element, 8-10 parts of phosphate fertilizer by phosphorus pentoxide, 5-7 parts of potassium fertilizer by potassium oxide, 0.5-1.5 parts of magnesium oxide, 0.2-0.6 part of compound microbial agent and biomass charcoal, wherein the biomass charcoal accounts for 1.25-10% of the base fertilizer by carbon element; the pH value of the base fertilizer is 6.5-8.0, and the mass percentage content of chloride ions is less than or equal to 3.0%; the additional fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 11-14 parts of nitrogen fertilizer by nitrogen element, 22-23 parts of phosphate fertilizer by phosphorus pentoxide, 15-16 parts of potassium fertilizer by potassium oxide and 1.5-2.5 parts of magnesium oxide.
The tomato matrix seedling raising fertilizer provided by the invention is suitable for matrix seedling raising of tomatoes, provides nutrients with different proportions at different stages in the seedling raising process, and can meet the requirements of tomato seedlings on nutrients at various growth stages. According to the invention, a large number of researches show that in the tomato substrate seedling raising process, the nutrient supply proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium has important influence on the tomato emergence rate, the seedling growth, the dry matter accumulation and the early flowering number and fruit setting rate of tomatoes, so that the invention optimizes the dosage ratio of a nitrogen fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer and a potassium fertilizer, adopts a microbial agent in a base fertilizer, and can play a promoting role in nitrogen absorption of the seedlings by matching with a chemical fertilizer in the base fertilizer, thereby playing a promoting role in seedling root systems, increasing the root volume, the fresh weight and the dry weight of the roots, promoting the growth of the overground parts of the tomato seedlings, increasing the stem thickness, and properly reducing the plant height to avoid forming high seedlings, thereby being beneficial to culturing strong seedlings. The biomass charcoal is also used as the base fertilizer, and can be matched with other components in the base fertilizer in an optimal range to remarkably improve the plant height, stem thickness, ground dry weight and root dry weight of seedlings, and improve the root-crown ratio and seedling strengthening index of the seedlings. The additional fertilizer in the fertilizer composition can be combined with a base fertilizer to play a role in remarkably improving the plant height, stem thickness, leaf area and strong seedling index of tomato seedlings.
Preferably, the nitrogen fertilizer is a mixture of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen, and the mass ratio of the nitrate nitrogen to the ammonium nitrogen in terms of nitrogen elements is 1-3: 1. Nitrogen morphology can affect aboveground biomass and root development of seedlings.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the nitrate nitrogen to the ammonium nitrogen calculated by nitrogen element is 3: 1. The tomato seedling has high seedling strengthening index and developed root system under the conditions of full roots and root division by using the substrate treated by the fertilizer containing the nitrogen fertilizer in the proportion, and the absorption amount of phosphorus and potassium is higher than that of the substrate treated by all nitrate nitrogen or ammonium nitrogen; under the condition of sub-low temperature, the cold resistance of the seedling plant can be obviously improved. Moreover, the tomato seedlings cultivated by the fertilizer containing the nitrogen fertilizer in the proportion can obtain better stem thickness.
Preferably, the nitrogen fertilizer is a mixture of ammonium nitrogen and a nitrification inhibitor, and the mass ratio of the ammonium nitrogen to the nitrification inhibitor in terms of nitrogen elements is 100: 0.8-1.5. In the presence of microbial agents, ammonium nitrogen is combined with nitrification inhibitors to facilitate the absorption of nitrogen by seedlings.
Preferably, the compound microbial agent is a mixture of bacillus subtilis and bacillus amyloliquefaciens in a mass ratio of 1: 1-5.
Preferably, the base fertilizer further comprises 1-3 parts of furfural residues and 1-2 parts of wild jujube powder, and can provide trace elements and maintain a weakly acidic environment in the matrix.
Preferably, the base fertilizer also comprises 1-2 parts of potassium ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 1-2 parts of potassium sulfate, 0.2-0.6 part of magnesium sulfate and 0.02-0.04 part of trace elements.
Preferably, the base fertilizer also comprises at least one of 0.2-0.4 part of diatomite and 0.1-0.3 part of methyl cellulose, so that the substrate cohesiveness is better.
Preferably, the additional fertilizer also comprises 0.15-0.3 part of trace elements.
Preferably, the pH value of the base fertilizer is adjusted by quicklime.
Preferably, the biomass charcoal is obtained by carbonizing fruit trees or shell wastes, has alkaline property and large surface area, and is rich in nutrient elements.
Preferably, the particle size of the biomass charcoal is 0.05-0.2 mm. The biomass charcoal with small particle size has larger specific surface area and higher adsorptivity, and is beneficial to slow release of nutrient components in the fertilizer.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a tomato substrate seedling raising method, wherein the tomato substrate seedling raising fertilizer composition is used for substrate seedling raising, and the addition amount of the base fertilizer in a substrate is 0.12-0.18 g/m in terms of nitrogen element3The dosage of the top dressing is 0.02-0.08 g/m3And after two leaves and one heart of the tomato, spraying water for topdressing. The concentration is suitable for the growth of tomato seedlings. The increase of the nitrogen element concentration can increase the plant height of the tomato seedlings, but the plant height can be inhibited when the nitrogen element concentration is too high. When the base fertilizer contains the microbial agent, the microbial agent has a better promoting effect on the nitrogen absorption of seedlings under the nitrogen concentration condition.
Preferably, the substrate is a mixture of peat and vermiculite in a mass ratio of 2: 0.7-1.3. The peat is selected from high-quality white peat from Florigard, Germany, has strong water holding capacity, good air permeability and low ash content, and maintains the original structure of sphagnum. The peat in the substrate can also be replaced by turf.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a tomato matrix seedling raising fertilizer which comprises a base fertilizer and an additional fertilizer, wherein the base fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer calculated by nitrogen element, 9 parts of phosphate fertilizer calculated by phosphorus pentoxide, 6 parts of potash fertilizer calculated by potassium oxide, 1 part of magnesium oxide, 0.2 part of compound microbial inoculant and biomass charcoal, wherein the mass percentage content of the biomass charcoal calculated by carbon element in the base fertilizer is 10%; the pH value of the base fertilizer is 7.0, and the mass percentage of chloride ions is 1.5%;
the additional fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 11 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer calculated by nitrogen element, 23 parts of phosphate fertilizer calculated by phosphorus pentoxide, 16 parts of potash fertilizer calculated by potassium oxide and 2 parts of magnesium oxide.
Wherein the nitrogen fertilizer is a mixture of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen in a mass ratio of 3: 1 in terms of nitrogen elements, and the compound microbial inoculant is a mixture of bacillus subtilis and bacillus amyloliquefaciens in a mass ratio of 1: 1.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a tomato matrix seedling raising fertilizer which comprises a base fertilizer and an additional fertilizer, wherein the base fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer calculated by nitrogen element, 9 parts of phosphate fertilizer calculated by phosphorus pentoxide, 6 parts of potash fertilizer calculated by potassium oxide, 1 part of magnesium oxide, 0.6 part of compound microbial inoculant and biomass charcoal, wherein the mass percentage content of the biomass charcoal calculated by carbon element in the base fertilizer is 10%; the pH value of the base fertilizer is 7.0, and the mass percentage of chloride ions is 1.5%;
the additional fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 14 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer calculated by nitrogen element, 22 parts of phosphate fertilizer calculated by phosphorus pentoxide, 15 parts of potash fertilizer calculated by potassium oxide and 2 parts of magnesium oxide.
Wherein the nitrogen fertilizer is a mixture of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen in a mass ratio of 1: 1 in terms of nitrogen elements, and the compound microbial inoculant is a mixture of bacillus subtilis and bacillus amyloliquefaciens in a mass ratio of 1: 3.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a tomato matrix seedling raising fertilizer which comprises a base fertilizer and an additional fertilizer, wherein the base fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: the fertilizer comprises 4 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer by weight of nitrogen element, 8 parts of phosphate fertilizer by weight of phosphorus pentoxide, 5 parts of potash fertilizer by weight of potassium oxide, 0.5 part of magnesium oxide, 0.4 part of compound microbial inoculant and biomass charcoal, wherein the biomass charcoal accounts for 5% of carbon element in the base fertilizer; the pH value of the base fertilizer is 7.5, and the mass percentage of chloride ions is 1.8%;
the additional fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 11 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer calculated by nitrogen element, 23 parts of phosphate fertilizer calculated by phosphorus pentoxide, 16 parts of potash fertilizer calculated by potassium oxide and 2 parts of magnesium oxide.
Wherein the nitrogen fertilizer is a mixture of ammonium nitrogen and nitrification inhibitor in a mass ratio of 100: 0.8 calculated by nitrogen element, and the compound microbial inoculum is a mixture of bacillus subtilis and bacillus amyloliquefaciens in a mass ratio of 1: 3.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a tomato matrix seedling raising fertilizer which comprises a base fertilizer and an additional fertilizer, wherein the base fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer calculated by nitrogen element, 9 parts of phosphate fertilizer calculated by phosphorus pentoxide, 6 parts of potash fertilizer calculated by potassium oxide, 1 part of magnesium oxide, 0.4 part of compound microbial inoculant and biomass charcoal, wherein the mass percentage content of the biomass charcoal calculated by carbon element in the base fertilizer is 10%; the pH value of the base fertilizer is 7.0, and the mass percentage of chloride ions is 2.0%;
the additional fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 14 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer calculated by nitrogen element, 22 parts of phosphate fertilizer calculated by phosphorus pentoxide, 15 parts of potash fertilizer calculated by potassium oxide and 2 parts of magnesium oxide.
Wherein the nitrogen fertilizer is a mixture of ammonium nitrogen and nitrification inhibitor in a mass ratio of 100: 1.5 calculated by nitrogen element, and the compound microbial inoculum is a mixture of bacillus subtilis and bacillus amyloliquefaciens in a mass ratio of 1: 1.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a tomato matrix seedling raising fertilizer which comprises a base fertilizer and an additional fertilizer, wherein the base fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer calculated by nitrogen element, 10 parts of phosphate fertilizer calculated by phosphorus pentoxide, 7 parts of potash fertilizer calculated by potassium oxide, 1.5 parts of magnesium oxide, 0.4 part of compound microbial inoculant and biomass charcoal, wherein the mass percentage of the biomass charcoal calculated by carbon element in the base fertilizer is 1.25%; the pH value of the base fertilizer is 6.5, and the mass percentage of chloride ions is 2.0%;
the additional fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 14 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer calculated by nitrogen element, 22 parts of phosphate fertilizer calculated by phosphorus pentoxide, 15 parts of potash fertilizer calculated by potassium oxide and 2 parts of magnesium oxide.
Wherein the nitrogen fertilizer is a mixture of ammonium nitrogen and nitrification inhibitor in a mass ratio of 100: 1 in terms of nitrogen element, and the compound microbial inoculant is a mixture of bacillus subtilis and bacillus amyloliquefaciens in a mass ratio of 1: 5.
Example 6
The embodiment provides a tomato matrix seedling raising fertilizer which comprises a base fertilizer and an additional fertilizer, wherein the base fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 4 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer by weight of nitrogen element, 8 parts of phosphate fertilizer by weight of phosphorus pentoxide, 5 parts of potash fertilizer by weight of potassium oxide, 0.5 part of magnesium oxide, 0.4 part of compound microbial agent, 1.5 parts of furfural residue, 1.2 parts of wild jujube powder, 1.8 parts of potassium ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.2 parts of potassium sulfate, 0.4 part of magnesium sulfate, 0.02 part of trace element (the mass ratio of zinc sulfate to boric acid is 2:1), 0.3 part of diatomite, 0.2 part of methyl cellulose and biomass charcoal, wherein the mass percentage content of the biomass charcoal in the base fertilizer by weight of carbon element is 1.25%; the pH value of the base fertilizer is 7.0, and the mass percentage of chloride ions is 1.5%;
the additional fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 14 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer calculated by nitrogen element, 22 parts of phosphate fertilizer calculated by phosphorus pentoxide, 15 parts of potash fertilizer calculated by potassium oxide, 1.5 parts of magnesium oxide and 0.2 part of trace element (the mass ratio of zinc sulfate to boric acid is 2: 1).
Wherein the nitrogen fertilizer is a mixture of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen in a mass ratio of 3: 1 in terms of nitrogen elements, and the compound microbial inoculant is a mixture of bacillus subtilis and bacillus amyloliquefaciens in a mass ratio of 1: 3.
Example 7
The embodiment provides a tomato matrix seedling raising fertilizer which comprises a base fertilizer and an additional fertilizer, wherein the base fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6 parts of nitrogen fertilizer by weight of nitrogen element, 10 parts of phosphate fertilizer by weight of phosphorus pentoxide, 7 parts of potassium fertilizer by weight of potassium oxide, 1.5 parts of magnesium oxide, 0.6 part of compound microbial agent, 3 parts of furfural residue, 1 part of wild jujube powder, 1.0 part of potassium ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 2.0 parts of potassium sulfate, 0.2 part of magnesium sulfate, 0.03 part of trace element (the mass ratio of zinc sulfate to boric acid is 1.5:1), 0.4 part of diatomite, 0.1 part of methyl cellulose and biomass charcoal, wherein the mass percentage of the biomass charcoal in the base fertilizer by weight of carbon element is 10%; the pH value of the base fertilizer is 8.0, and the mass percentage of chloride ions is 1.5%;
the additional fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 11 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer calculated by nitrogen element, 23 parts of phosphate fertilizer calculated by phosphorus pentoxide, 16 parts of potash fertilizer calculated by potassium oxide, 2.5 parts of magnesium oxide and 0.15 part of trace element (the mass ratio of zinc sulfate to boric acid is 2: 1).
Wherein the nitrogen fertilizer is a mixture of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen in a mass ratio of 3: 1 in terms of nitrogen elements, and the compound microbial inoculant is a mixture of bacillus subtilis and bacillus amyloliquefaciens in a mass ratio of 1: 3.
Example 8
The embodiment provides a tomato matrix seedling raising fertilizer which comprises a base fertilizer and an additional fertilizer, wherein the base fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer by weight of nitrogen element, 9 parts of phosphate fertilizer by weight of phosphorus pentoxide, 6 parts of potash fertilizer by weight of potassium oxide, 1 part of magnesium oxide, 0.2 part of compound microbial agent, 1 part of furfural residue, 2 parts of wild jujube powder, 2 parts of potassium ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 1 part of potassium sulfate, 0.6 part of magnesium sulfate, 0.04 part of trace element (the mass ratio of zinc sulfate to boric acid is 2:1), 0.2 part of diatomite, 0.3 part of methyl cellulose and biomass charcoal, wherein the mass percentage of the biomass charcoal in the base fertilizer by weight of carbon element is 5%; the pH value of the base fertilizer is 7.0, and the mass percentage of chloride ions is 1.5%;
the additional fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 14 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer calculated by nitrogen element, 22 parts of phosphate fertilizer calculated by phosphorus pentoxide, 15 parts of potash fertilizer calculated by potassium oxide, 1.5 parts of magnesium oxide and 0.3 part of trace element (the mass ratio of zinc sulfate to boric acid is 2: 1).
Wherein the nitrogen fertilizer is a mixture of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen in a mass ratio of 3: 1 in terms of nitrogen elements, and the compound microbial inoculant is a mixture of bacillus subtilis and bacillus amyloliquefaciens in a mass ratio of 1: 5.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides a tomato matrix seedling raising fertilizer which comprises a base fertilizer and a top dressing, wherein the components of the base fertilizer and the top dressing are the same as those of the base fertilizer and the top dressing in example 1, but the nitrogen fertilizer is only nitrate nitrogen.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example provides a tomato matrix seedling raising fertilizer which comprises a base fertilizer and a top dressing, wherein the components of the base fertilizer and the top dressing are the same as those of the example 1, but the nitrogen fertilizer is only ammonium nitrogen.
Example 9
The embodiment provides a tomato substrate seedling raising method. In the embodiment, the method is carried out in a Gao city seedling raising base by adopting a plug seedling raising method. The test uses a 50-well plate with the matrix composition shown in table 1. The test was conducted in 7 groups, and the fertilizer compositions obtained in examples 1 to 8 were used in test groups 1 to 8, the fertilizer compositions obtained in example 1 were used in control group 1 and control group 2, the fertilizer composition obtained in comparative example 1 was used in control group 3, and the fertilizer composition obtained in comparative example 2 was used in control group 4. Each group was replicated 5 times, each replication was 5 seedling trays.
TABLE 1 ingredients in the respective matrices
| Peat: vermiculite | Base fertilizer (calculated by nitrogen element) | Topdressing (calculated by nitrogen element) | |
| Test group 1 | 2∶1 | 0.12g/m3 | 0.08g/m3 |
| Test group 2 | 2∶1 | 0.18g/m3 | 0.02g/m3 |
| Test group 3 | 2∶0.7 | 0.15g/m3 | 0.05g/m3 |
| Test group 4 | 2∶1.3 | 0.15g/m3 | 0.05g/m3 |
| Test group 5 | 2∶1 | 0.15g/m3 | 0.05g/m3 |
| Test group 6 | 2∶1 | 0.18g/m3 | 0.02g/m3 |
| Test group 7 | 2∶1 | 0.12g/m3 | 0.08g/m3 |
| Test group 8 | 2∶1 | 0.15g/m3 | 0.05g/m3 |
| Control group 1 | 2∶1 | 0.08g/m3 | 0.15g/m3 |
| Control group 2 | 2∶1 | 0.25g/m3 | 0.10g/m3 |
| Control group 3 | 2∶1 | 0.12g/m3 | 0.08g/m3 |
| Control group 4 | 2∶1 | 0.12g/m3 | 0.08g/m3 |
Each group of tomato seedlings was examined on day 35 and the average value of each group of examination indexes is shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 results of tomato seedling in each group
The test results in table 2 show that the test groups have significant improvements in plant height, stem thickness, above-ground dry weight, root-crown ratio and strong seedling index compared with the control group, which indicates that the tomato matrix seedling raising fertilizer provided by the invention is suitable for matrix seedling raising of tomatoes, can provide nutrients with different proportions at different stages in the seedling raising process, and meets the requirements of tomato seedlings on nutrients at various growth stages, thereby obtaining more robust tomato seedlings.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents or improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The tomato matrix seedling raising fertilizer composition is characterized by comprising a base fertilizer and an additional fertilizer, wherein the base fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 4-6 parts of nitrogen fertilizer by nitrogen element, 8-10 parts of phosphate fertilizer by phosphorus pentoxide, 5-7 parts of potassium fertilizer by potassium oxide, 0.5-1.5 parts of magnesium oxide, 0.2-0.6 part of compound microbial agent and biomass charcoal, wherein the biomass charcoal accounts for 1.25-10% of the base fertilizer by carbon element; the pH value of the base fertilizer is 6.5-8.0, and the mass percentage content of chloride ions is less than or equal to 3.0%;
the additional fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 11-14 parts of nitrogen fertilizer by nitrogen element, 22-23 parts of phosphate fertilizer by phosphorus pentoxide, 15-16 parts of potassium fertilizer by potassium oxide and 1.5-2.5 parts of magnesium oxide.
2. The tomato matrix seedling fertilizer composition as claimed in claim 1, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: the nitrogen fertilizer is a mixture of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen, and the mass ratio of the nitrate nitrogen to the ammonium nitrogen in terms of nitrogen elements is 1-3: 1; or
The nitrogen fertilizer is a mixture of ammonium nitrogen and a nitrification inhibitor, and the mass ratio of the ammonium nitrogen to the nitrification inhibitor in terms of nitrogen elements is 100: 0.8-1.5.
3. The tomato matrix seedling fertilizer composition as claimed in claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of the nitrate nitrogen and the ammonium nitrogen calculated by nitrogen element is 3: 1.
4. The tomato matrix seedling raising fertilizer composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the compound microbial agent is a mixture of bacillus subtilis and bacillus amyloliquefaciens in a mass ratio of 1: 1-5.
5. The tomato substrate seedling raising fertilizer composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the base fertilizer further comprises 1-3 parts of furfural residue and 1-2 parts of wild jujube powder; and/or
The base fertilizer also comprises 1-2 parts of potassium ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 1-2 parts of potassium sulfate, 0.2-0.6 part of magnesium sulfate and 0.02-0.04 part of trace elements; and/or
The base fertilizer also comprises at least one of 0.2-0.4 part of diatomite and 0.1-0.3 part of methyl cellulose; and/or
The additional fertilizer also comprises 0.15-0.3 part of trace elements.
6. The tomato substrate nursery fertilizer composition of claim 1, wherein the base fertilizer is adjusted in pH with quicklime.
7. The tomato matrix seedling raising fertilizer composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the biomass charcoal is obtained by charring fruit trees or shell waste; and/or
The particle size of the biomass charcoal is 0.05-0.2 mm.
8. A tomato substrate seedling raising method is characterized in that the tomato substrate seedling raising fertilizer composition of any one of claims 1-7 is used for substrate seedling raising, and the addition amount of the substrate fertilizer in a substrate is 0.12-0.18 g/m in terms of nitrogen element3The dosage of the top dressing is 0.02-0.08 g/m calculated by nitrogen element3。
9. The tomato substrate seedling method according to claim 8, wherein the substrate is a mixture of peat and vermiculite in a mass ratio of 2: 0.7-1.3.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911060636.4A CN110668871A (en) | 2019-11-01 | 2019-11-01 | Tomato matrix seedling raising fertilizer composition and seedling raising method |
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| CN112586155A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2021-04-02 | 河北农业大学 | Fertilizing method for reducing nitrate content in tomato fruits |
| CN112919960A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-06-08 | 河北省农林科学院农业资源环境研究所 | High-efficiency functional fertilizer for tomato in seedling stage and preparation process thereof |
| TWI838761B (en) | 2022-06-07 | 2024-04-11 | 慧穎生醫股份有限公司 | Houttuynia cordata hydroponic culture medium, system and extract of houttuynia cordata produced by the same and its preparation |
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| CN112586155A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2021-04-02 | 河北农业大学 | Fertilizing method for reducing nitrate content in tomato fruits |
| CN112409083A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-02-26 | 陕西天秦农产品开发有限公司 | Bacterial fertilizer for winter jujubes |
| CN112919960A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-06-08 | 河北省农林科学院农业资源环境研究所 | High-efficiency functional fertilizer for tomato in seedling stage and preparation process thereof |
| TWI838761B (en) | 2022-06-07 | 2024-04-11 | 慧穎生醫股份有限公司 | Houttuynia cordata hydroponic culture medium, system and extract of houttuynia cordata produced by the same and its preparation |
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