CN115151718A - 具有集成的隔热和热虹吸的排气集管 - Google Patents
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- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
- F02B37/02—Gas passages between engine outlet and pump drive, e.g. reservoirs
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- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/24—Casings; Casing parts, e.g. diaphragms, casing fastenings
- F01D25/26—Double casings; Measures against temperature strain in casings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
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- F01N13/102—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds having thermal insulation
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- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/14—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having thermal insulation
- F01N13/141—Double-walled exhaust pipes or housings
- F01N13/143—Double-walled exhaust pipes or housings with air filling the space between both walls
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L41/00—Branching pipes; Joining pipes to walls
- F16L41/02—Branch units, e.g. made in one piece, welded, riveted
- F16L41/03—Branch units, e.g. made in one piece, welded, riveted comprising junction pieces for four or more pipe members
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L9/00—Rigid pipes
- F16L9/18—Double-walled pipes; Multi-channel pipes or pipe assemblies
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
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Abstract
一种具有集成的隔热罩的排气集管。在本公开的一个方面,排气集管包括主体,该主体包括限定空腔的内壁,通过该空腔可以引导排气。外壁与内壁一体形成并且从内壁径向偏移以限定气隙,通过该气隙,气流可以在排气集管的入口处被接收并且沿着主体的外围传递,以收集热辐射并且引导其通过出口导管。在一些实施例中,排气集管联接到涡轮增压器,该涡轮增压器本身联接到主体的排气出口,并且特别地联接到气隙,用于使气流围绕涡轮增压器的周边。此外,在各种实施例中,排气集管是增材制造的,以产生集成式隔热罩和其他集管部件。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2020年2月25日提交的标题为“Exhaust Headers With IntegratedHeat Shielding And Thermal Syphoning”的美国临时专利申请No.62/981,329和2021年2月24日提交的标题为“Exhaust Headers With Integrated Heat Shielding And ThermalSyphoning”的美国专利申请No.17/184,428的权益和优先权,其内容通过引用并入本文,如同在本文中明确阐述的那样。
技术领域
本公开总体上涉及车辆,更具体地,涉及在汽车和其他运输结构中使用的排气集管。
背景技术
车辆排气集管可以包括一个或更多个管状或管道形组件,用于收集来自气缸的排气并且排出这些气体,或者用于将气体输送至车辆排气链中的其他结构(例如,消声器、催化转化器等)。排气集管可以包括用于接收来自歧管的气体的收集器。在一些情况下,排气集管可以用于减少气缸所产生的背压流。在其他情况下,排气集管仅用于经由排气管道将气体从车辆中排出。
由于排气的热量,排气集管会发出热辐射。集管通常需要保护性覆盖件,以避免损坏周围区域中的敏感车辆零件。热包装通常用于此目的。热包装包括一束多个保护性隔热材料层,束的周围有安全线,以将其固定在集管的主体上。除了缺乏美学吸引力之外,由于安装热包装的额外步骤,所得到的排气集管的体积会庞大且笨重,会增加车辆质量并且占据内部空间,影响燃料经济性,并且可能影响车辆性能。
发明内容
下面给出了一个或更多个方面的简要概述,以便提供对这些方面的基本理解。该概述不是对所有的预期的方面的广泛的概述,并且既不意在标识所有方面的关键或重要元素,也不意在限定任何方面或所有方面的范围。其唯一目的是以简化的形式呈现一个或更多个方面的一些概念,作为后续呈现的更详细描述的序言。
本公开总体上涉及具有一体地形成的隔热罩的排气集管。在各种实施例中,排气集管可以联接到涡轮增压器或用于提高发动机性能的其他结构。在一些实施例中,排气集管联接到热虹吸元件,用于从发动机舱排出热空气。在其他实施例中,排气集管是增材制造的,以实现集成式隔热罩的灵活设计和成形,包括在需要时使用高度精准的几何特征。
在本公开的一个方面,一种排气集管包括大致管状的主体,该主体具有内壁和外壁,内壁被配置为从沿着主体的不同位置处的入口到出口将排气输送通过主体,外壁整体地形成在主体上方并且从内壁径向偏移,内壁和外壁在它们之间限定有气隙,以减少热量的径向流出。
在本公开的另一个方面,一种排气集管包括主体,该主体具有内壁和外壁,内壁包围第一通道,排气从主体上的不同位置处的第一入口到第一出口流动通过该第一通道,外壁围绕内壁延伸并且从内壁偏移以整体地形成第二通道,该第二通道比第一通道窄,其中,第二通道被配置为在邻近主体的一个区域的第二入口处接收气流并且将气流传递到邻近主体的另一个区域的第二出口。
在本公开的另一方面,一种排气集管包括至少部分地拉长的有界的第一表面和第二表面,第一表面形成第一通道,排气被配置为从车辆发动机舱通过该第一通道传递,第二表面从第一表面偏移并且整体地形成至少部分地由第一表面和第二表面界定的第二通道,该第二通道通过对流传递气流,以将热量输送出车辆发动机舱。
为实现前述及相关目标,所述一个或更多个方面包括在下文充分描述并且在权利要求中特别提到的特征。以下的描述和附图详细阐述了一个或更多个方面的某些说明性特征。然而,这些特征仅表示可以采用各个方面的原理的多种方式中的一些方式,并且本描述意在包括所有这些方面及其等同物。
附图说明
现在将在具体描述中对在附图中通过示例的方式而非限制的方式示出的具有集成的隔热和热虹吸的排气集管的各个方面进行描述,在附图中:
图1是联接到涡轮增压器和热虹吸导管的排气集管的透视图。
图2是排气集管的侧视截面图,其示出了示例的排气路径。
图3是排气集管的另一个透视图,其示出了示例的空气路径。
图4是排气集管的截面图,其示出了一体地形成的外壁从内壁偏移,以形成隔热罩。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图阐述的详细描述意在提供对本文公开的概念的各种示例性实施例的描述,而并不意在表示可以实践本公开的仅有实施例。在本公开中使用的术语“示例性”和“示例”意味着“用作示例、实例或说明”,并且不应该被解释为排除其他可能的配置,或被解释为比本公开中呈现的其他实施例更优选或更有利。为了提供向本领域技术人员充分传达概念范围的充分且完整的公开内容,详细描述包括具体细节。然而,可以在没有这些具体细节的情况下实践本公开。在一些情况下,众所周知的结构和部件可能以框图形式示出或者完全省略,以便避免模糊贯穿本公开所给出的各种概念。
本公开的原理包括具有集成的隔热罩的排气集管。在本公开的一个方面,排气集管形成有隔热罩,该隔热罩与集管主体的表面集成并且从该表面略微径向偏移,以形成延伸横过该表面并且围绕在集管的周边的气隙。偏移量可以是均匀的,或者偏移量可以沿着主体的不同区域或部段变化。在本公开的另一个方面,排气集管是增材制造的,以允许形成精准的几何形状,从而实现隔热罩的经济集成,而不需要复杂的传统技术(如机械加工),并且减少或消除经常用于实施定制集管设计的繁琐的焊接要求。在一些实施例中,小型管状支撑元件可以沿着气隙的内部以周期性或交错的方式纵向延伸,以稳固隔热罩,并且沿着主体的不同区域将气隙的位置固定到其需要的厚度。在本公开的又一个方面,排气集管联接到热虹吸导管,用于利用对流将气隙中的空气排出,以将来自排气的热量传递到远离敏感的车辆部件的外部区域。排气集管的各种附加实施例包括使用与排气路径联接的涡轮增压器来增强发动机性能。
就本发明而言,车辆广义上意在涵盖任何机动化运输设备,包括但不限于所有类型的汽车(轿跑车和轿车等)、小型货车、厢式货车、旅行车、运动型多功能车和卡车,以及包括公共汽车、火车等的商业运输结构。
以传统方式制造的排气集管被设置为标准金属管或管道,或者在一些情况下设置为一系列的此类管,或者设置为包括多个此类管的基于歧管的实施方式。当在车辆中实施时,这些配置可以成角度以在期望的方向上排出排气。如果某一应用需要市场上无法获得的特定角度,则会将一根或更多根标准管道分段并且将这些段焊接成所需形状。后一种处理过程耗时且劳动强度大,至少因为对于这种定制的几何形状,必须对每个车辆重复焊接操作。当依赖这种技术时,可能导致精度的变化。
如上所述,由于排气的高温,传统的排气集管会散发大量热量,因此需要额外的保护性覆盖件,以避免损坏这些集管附近的内部车辆零件。因此,排气集管可能需要热包装,每个热包装包括多个保护性隔热材料层,使用围绕束的圆周的安全线将每个集管的层保持在适当位置。分层式排气集管的产生会进一步增加制造过程的时间。由于热包装,所得的排气集管也是体积庞大且笨重,并且缺乏美学设计质量。这些包装还增加了车辆质量以及集管潜在的结构或几何的不规则性,当包装随着时间推移而潜在地移位时,这种不规则性会更严重。这些因素使得精准的空气动力学设计更难实现,从而影响车辆的性能。
图1是根据本公开的一个方面的排气集管100的透视图。排气集管100被联接到涡轮增压器107和热虹吸导管106。排气集管100包括主体123,该主体123部分地由内壁(在图1中看不清楚)限定,围绕该内壁形成有集成式隔热罩105。隔热罩105可以通过在主体123上整体地形成外壁并且使外壁偏移适于进行设计以包括夹在所述壁之间的气隙的偏移量来产生。随着气流通过,所述气隙可以围绕主体123的周边延伸。在各种实施例中,排气集管100可以包括热虹吸入口103,以允许空气流过该气隙并且最终通过热虹吸导管106被引导离开排气集管。参考图2-图4更详细地描述了隔热罩及其组成结构。
在各种实施例中,排气集管100可以联接到涡轮增压器107。涡轮增压器通常包括位于发动机和排气装置之间的小型涡轮和相关部件。排气集管100可以有利地配置为向涡轮增压器107提供排气输入,以使涡轮增压器能够向发动机提供增压气流。特别地,排气集管100的隔热罩105可以进一步与涡轮增压器107的围绕其周边定位的防护罩/导管101集成,以提供用于冷却涡轮增压器107的单独气流。虽然涡轮增压器107在各种实施例中可能分别通过管道连接到排气集管和发动机,但是应当注意,图1的图示中省略了各种传统的涡轮增压器部件和连接,以避免过度模糊本公开的概念。
在不同的实施例中,排气集管100是增材制造的(3D打印的),隔热罩与排气集管的主体共同打印。排气集管100可以使用例如铬镍铁合金(一种镍合金)来增材制造。在一些配置中,其他合金或纯金属物质也适合作为打印材料。此外,在各种实施例中,例如,排气集管100可以与热虹吸导管106或涡轮增压器107或其壳体共同打印,以便紧凑且高效地集成各个部件,并且在需要时使用定制的几何形状。
图2是排气集管200的侧视横截面图,其示出了示例的由内壁222和外壁220隔开的气隙腔225和排气路径228。在实践中,依据设计考虑,在一些实施例中可以有多个内壁或外壁。图2包括主体234的“切口”277,该切口露出了排气腔233,用于说明的目的。如粗箭头所示出的,排气路径228从排气入口221(其可以包括如图1所示的多个入口132)流经排气腔233,并且通过集管出口260。虽然集管出口260可以联接到涡轮增压器,但是在其他实施例中,集管出口可以联接到车辆的排气路径中的其它部件。
主体234和外壁220的精准的几何形状及其相对位置可以依据不同设计所需的气隙224的相对厚度等标准而变化。例如,在所示的实施例中,主体234通常是管状的,并且外壁220从内壁222偏移以提供气隙腔225,该气隙腔也可以为排气集管200提供热辐射保护。一般来说,气隙腔225的尺寸贯穿主体234可以是均匀的,或者如本文所示出的,气隙腔225可以在某些区域较大,而在其他区域较小。贯穿排气集管200,气隙224的厚度的这种变化可以用于各种工程目的,例如,在需要在主体234的不同区域中中设计不同气流的情况下。
然而,在其他实施例中,可以将外壁220构造为在形状上与内壁222更加一致地相符合,并且在主体的一些、大部分或全部圆周区域中实现这一点。因此,气隙224的厚度可以依据隔热罩的设计要求、用于在下游部件中使用的特定气流的需求、或者可能特定于车辆、排气设计或这两者的其他因素而变化。
在一些实施例中,可以在外壁220和内壁222之间使用支撑件292,以稳定气隙腔225并且确保所述壁之间的偏移。如图所示,支撑件292可以近似为管状,而不是延伸以环绕主体的整个外围,从而阻挡气隙腔225中的气流。在外壁220定位得更靠近内壁222的其他实施例中,可以使用较小的支撑件(未示出)。
在各种实施例中,利用增材制造,可以使用任何适当的几何结构形成内壁222和外壁220。如上所述,气隙腔225可以用作隔热罩的一部分并且还可以沿着主体234的外部部分传递气流,以从发动机舱或其他位置移除被加热的空气。
在排气集管200的下部部分处可以看到热虹管入口103。气流进入入口103并且沿着主体234的外围传递,从而当气流相对于主体234沿循移动时接收来自排气腔233的热辐射。在图2的顶部附近,可以可选地安装壳体286,涡轮增压器或其他排气部件可以位于该壳体内。气隙224可以向上延伸并且围绕壳体286,并且来自空腔225的空气可以被布置成在一个方向上流动并且在指定点处排出(例如,图3)。因此,在这种布置中,布置在壳体286内的装置可以收获通过气隙腔225的气流的保护益处。
在各种实施例中,包括壳体286的排气集管200可以作为单个单元进行增材制造。在这种情况下,所述壁可以一体地形成以收集排气,并且内置的辐射防护罩可以引导气流远离发动机舱。在其他的实施例中,涡轮增压器的部件可以与集管一起共同打印,以结合两个部件的功能,同时使用可以使尺寸和质量最小化的精准的几何形状。可以节省大量的空间,并且可以消除按照传统技术对保护性覆盖件的带线束的需要。
图3是排气集管300的另一透视图,其示出了示例的空气路径304和排气路径328。图3的排气集管300类似于图1,但其沿着顺时针方向(向页面内)旋转,使得现在示出了壳体286的侧视图,并且热虹吸导管106位于图像的右侧。
首先参考集管300的下部部分,热虹吸入口103可以被定位成接收来自发动机舱或排气集管300所在的另一区域的空气361。在该实施例中,排气入口132包括四个“指状件”。在一种示例性实施例中,每个指状件可以通过管道连接到四缸车辆的不同缸。然而,在各种实施例中,排气入口132的架构可能发生很大变化,以考虑不同的因素,比如使用的歧管的设计、发动机的类型等。在一些实施例中,为了减小尺寸,排气入口132可以替代地被配置为与每个气缸建立直接连接(或使用最少硬件的连接),使得排气集管300也可以充当排气歧管。
第一序列的粗箭头示出了进入入口132并且在由排气腔391所示的集管部分处聚集的排气的排气路径328,排气腔的前部被切除,用于说明的目的。在一些实施例中,集管300可以被定位成用于减少或避免排气回流到气缸中,比如通过确保穿过一个排气入口132的每条路径在其在如主体334的排气腔切口391中所示的聚集处在长度上几乎相等。在那里,被结合和聚集的排气可以向上流动通过主体334。在存在涡轮增压器的情况下,排气可以用于使涡轮增压器的涡轮旋转,或者在排出排气路径328之前执行其他功能。
继续参考图3,热虹吸入口103限定空气路径304的起点,空气361可以通过该空气路径在气隙324内流动,以移除加热的空气。在各种实施例中,隔热排气集管300可以在空气路径304的端部部分处联接到热虹吸导管106。热虹吸导管106包括热虹吸出口306,气隙324中的加热空气可以通过该热虹吸出口从车辆中排出。更具体地说,来自热的排气的热能加热内壁222(图2),该内壁又加热气隙324中的空气。气隙224中的加热空气可以沿着空气路径304上升并且通过热虹吸出口306逸出,从而通过热虹吸入口103吸入相对较冷的空气。以这种方式,例如,在车辆运行期间,可以将相对较冷的空气361吸入到气隙324中。空气路径304可以在热虹吸入口103和热虹吸出口306之间延伸。热虹吸出口306通过对流力将沿着空气路径304流动通过气隙224的热空气排出。空气路径304可以自发动机舱361进一步被延伸,以经由涡轮增压器防护罩/导管101延伸经过涡轮增压器107(图1),以帮助冷却涡轮增压器107。
因此,通过空气的对流可以将来自发动机舱361的相对较冷的空气吸入到热虹吸入口103中。热虹吸导管106可以接收气流并且有效地从排气集管100和涡轮增压器107虹吸热量。使用传统的热包装技术不可能实现与发动机舱的其余部分保持隔离的集管表面的受控对流。
图4是排气集管400的横截面图,其示出了整体地形成的外壁445,该外壁445从内壁443偏移,以形成隔热罩。图4示出了一般地由内壁443限定的排气集管的主体423,该内壁包围流入(或流出)页面的排气路径447。外壁445与内壁443整体地形成并且从内壁偏移,以形成气隙451。为了使隔热罩稳固,支撑件449可以策略性地定位在内壁443和外壁445之间。如447中示出的,在箭头A-A的方向上示出了支撑件449,其仅示出了内壁和外壁之间的结构的示例性的一小节段。447中所示的两个支撑件本质上是管状的而不是连续的,因此它们可以允许气流围绕排气集管400的周边流动,而对循环气流的干扰最小。同时,可以永久保持集成式隔热罩的结构完整性,而不会发生可能与带线的热包装相关联的移位。
如上所述,隔热排气集管可以是增材制造的,其中,外壁与排气集管的其余部件在单一打印作业中共同打印。共同打印提高了制造效率并且允许几乎无限制的定制设计,以适应任何必要的几何形状和尺寸。
提供前面的描述是为了使本领域中的任何技术人员能够实践本文所述的各个方面。对于本领域的技术人员来说,对本公开中所呈现的这些示例性实施例进行各种修改将是明显的。因此,权利要求不意在限于本公开中所呈现的示例性实施例,而是被赋予与语言权利要求一致的全部范围。本领域的普通技术人员已知的或以后将会知道的贯穿本公开描述的示例性实施例的元件的所有结构和功能等同物意在被权利要求所包含。此外,无论权利要求中是否明确叙述,本文所公开的内容都不意在贡献于公众。除非使用短语“用于......的装置”明确叙述,或者在方法权利要求的情况下,使用短语“用于......的步骤”叙述,否则不应根据35U.S.C.的第112(f)条的规定或适用管辖范围内的类似法律来解释任何权利要求要素。
Claims (25)
1.一种排气集管,包括:
大致管状的主体,所述主体具有内壁,所述内壁被构造为从沿着所述主体的不同位置处的入口到出口输送排气通过所述主体;和
外壁,所述外壁整体地形成在所述主体之上并且从所述内壁径向偏移,所述内壁和所述外壁在它们之间限定气隙,以减少热量的径向流出。
2.根据权利要求1所述的排气集管,其中,所述外壁的形状至少在所述主体的一些区域中与所述内壁一致。
3.根据权利要求1所述的排气集管,其中,所述主体是增材制造的,所述外壁与所述内壁是共同打印的。
4.根据权利要求1所述的排气集管,其中,所述主体包括铬镍铁合金。
5.根据权利要求1所述的排气集管,进一步包括:
第二入口,其邻近所述主体的一端并且布置在所述外壁上;和
第二出口,其邻近所述主体的另一端,其中,所述第二入口和第二出口被配置为提供流动通过所述气隙的气流。
6.根据权利要求5所述的排气集管,其中,所述外壁比所述内壁薄。
7.根据权利要求5所述的排气集管,其中,所述气隙的宽度间隔足够小,以使通过的气流能够从排气虹吸热量并且离开所述第二出口。
8.根据权利要求5所述的排气集管,其中,所述径向偏移被配置为在所述主体的不同区域上变化。
9.根据权利要求7所述的排气集管,其中,所述第二出口包括热虹吸导管,所述热虹吸导管被配置为将加热的气流引导到发动机舱外部。
10.根据权利要求1所述的排气集管,其中,所述出口联接到涡轮增压器。
11.根据权利要求10所述的排气集管,其中:
所述内壁联接到所述涡轮增压器的输入端;并且
所述外壁一体地形成在所述涡轮增压器的表面上方,以使所述气隙能够延伸到整个涡轮增压器表面。
12.一种排气集管,包括:
主体,所述主体具有内壁,所述内壁包围第一通道,排气从所述主体上的不同位置处的第一入口到第一出口流动通过所述第一通道;和
外壁,其围绕所述内壁延伸并且从内壁偏移以一体地形成第二通道,所述第二通道比所述第一通道窄,
其中,所述第二通道被配置为在邻近所述主体的一个区域的第二入口处接收气流并且将气流传递到邻近所述主体的另一区域的第二出口。
13.根据权利要求12所述的排气集管,其中,所述外壁比所述内壁薄。
14.根据权利要求12所述的排气集管,其中,所述外壁从所述内壁偏移至多十五(15)毫米。
15.根据权利要求12所述的排气集管,其中,所述第二通道的厚度间隔足够小,以允许通过的气流在通过所述第二出口排出之前从所述主体的内壁吸收热量。
16.根据权利要求12所述的排气集管,所述排气集管是三维(3D)打印的排气集管。
17.根据权利要求12所述的排气集管,其中,所述主体包括铬镍铁合金或其他镍合金。
18.根据权利要求12所述的排气集管,进一步包括联接到所述第二出口的热虹吸导管。
19.根据权利要求12所述的排气集管,进一步包括具有涡轮增压器主体的涡轮增压器,所述涡轮增压器主体的表面具有用于接收所述第一出口处的排气的孔。
20.根据权利要求20所述的排气集管,其中,所述涡轮增压器包括至少部分地围绕所述涡轮增压器主体延伸的涡轮增压器导管,所述涡轮增压器导管接收来自所述第二出口的气流并且引导气流围绕所述涡轮增压器主体到导管出口。
21.根据权利要求21所述的排气集管,进一步包括在所述导管出口处联接到所述涡轮增压器导管的热虹吸导管。
22.一种排气集管,包括:
至少部分地拉长的有界的第一表面,其形成第一通道,排气被配置为从车辆发动机舱通过所述第一通道传递;
第二表面,所述第二表面从所述第一表面偏移并且一体地形成至少部分地由所述第一表面和所述第二表面界定的第二通道,所述第二通道通过对流传递气流以将热量虹吸离开车辆发动机舱。
23.根据权利要求22所述的排气集管,其中,气流通过从所述第一表面吸收热量来抑制从所述第一通道到所述排气集管的周围区域的热辐射。
24.根据权利要求22所述的排气集管,其中,所述第一表面和第二表面是使用增材制造形成的。
25.根据权利要求22所述的排气集管,进一步包括设置在所述第一表面和所述第二表面之间的多个支撑件。
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US11421577B2 (en) | 2022-08-23 |
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