CN115140254A - Marine exploration vessel, assembly and method - Google Patents
Marine exploration vessel, assembly and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115140254A CN115140254A CN202210930955.1A CN202210930955A CN115140254A CN 115140254 A CN115140254 A CN 115140254A CN 202210930955 A CN202210930955 A CN 202210930955A CN 115140254 A CN115140254 A CN 115140254A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/08—Ice-breakers or other vessels or floating structures for operation in ice-infested waters; Ice-breakers, or other vessels or floating structures having equipment specially adapted therefor
- B63B35/083—Ice-breakers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/08—Ice-breakers or other vessels or floating structures for operation in ice-infested waters; Ice-breakers, or other vessels or floating structures having equipment specially adapted therefor
- B63B35/12—Ice-breakers or other vessels or floating structures for operation in ice-infested waters; Ice-breakers, or other vessels or floating structures having equipment specially adapted therefor having ice-cutters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C13/00—Surveying specially adapted to open water, e.g. sea, lake, river or canal
- G01C13/008—Surveying specially adapted to open water, e.g. sea, lake, river or canal measuring depth of open water
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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Abstract
The invention relates to a marine exploration ship, a component and a method, which comprises the following steps that the premise is that an emergency unmanned aerial vehicle group pulls an emergency boat main body to move ahead on a forward path of a scientific investigation ship; when the emergency lower punch flushes ice, firstly, a plurality of groups of emergency ice-grabbing driving wheels grab the ground on the sea ice surface; then, the emergency telescopic ejector rod extends out to prop against the lower surface of the emergency lifting supporting plate, so that the emergency lifting supporting plate carries an emergency inclined supporting hand, and the emergency lower punch is driven to ascend through the emergency lower ejector rod; secondly, the emergency lower punch mandril moves upwards to the top end, the emergency telescopic support at the ascending section moves upwards along the emergency V-shaped guide block, the emergency telescopic mandril is recovered, the emergency lifting supporting plate falls downwards under the effect of the emergency lower punch balance weight to impact the ice surface, and the emergency lower punch reset spring realizes multiple impacts of the emergency lower punch head on the ice surface; the invention has reasonable design, compact structure and convenient use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a marine exploration ship, an ice breaking and emergency rescue device and method, in particular to a marine exploration ship, an assembly and a method.
Background
Nowadays, for scientific research ships with underwater detection function, a multi-beam detection device is generally required to be installed at the bottom of a ship body. When the scientific investigation ship sails in a real marine environment, the bow continuously goes out of water and enters water due to pitching motion, and bubbles are easily generated at the bow. If the bubbles at the bow of the ship are entrained by water flow and flow through the ship bottom multi-beam detection area in the process of descending towards the back of the ship, the normal work of the detection equipment is directly interfered.
CN201610192970.5 a model test method for simulating and observing the descending track of bubbles at the bow of a scientific survey ship is only a simulation and cannot eliminate or reduce the influence of bubbles. CN201420457297.X is a multi-beam air guide sleeve applied to scientific investigation ships and has poor effect.
In order to examine the adjacent sea area of Antarctica and convey various materials to a scientific base, the polar region ice breaker is required to break an ice layer with the thickness of 2-4 meters, and even some ice layers reach 8 meters. Obviously, the larger the thickness of the broken ice, the closer the ground can be, which is very beneficial to shorten the distance between the research ship and the scientific research station. Therefore, the icebreaker shows its importance, and the main task is to open up a new channel, perform polar rescue, material transportation, and the like.
The traditional ice breaker utilizes self inertia and self gravity to collide the ice layer, and needs to back for a certain distance when meeting a thick ice layer, so that the ice breaker can perform secondary collision with sufficient horsepower. The two important reasons that the conventional icebreaker is low in navigational speed are that the icebreaker cannot continuously and effectively break ice and the resistance of floating ice to the ship body is large
The bow of the traditional icebreaker is of a broken line type, and in order to enable the bow to easily climb on an ice surface, the bottom line of the bow of the icebreaker is generally designed to be at an angle of 20-30 degrees with the horizontal line; ice breakers are provided with special water tanks as ice breaking devices, which are generally arranged at the bow, stern and both sides of the belly. When the icebreaker encounters a thicker ice layer, the weight of the tail of the ship body is generally increased, a water tank at the bow part is emptied, so that the bow part of the ship body is tilted, and the ice is crushed by using the weight of the bow part. In order to crush the ice layer, the weight of the bow is generally required to reach about 1000t, and the icebreaker can easily crush the ice layer which is not firm. Of course, if a firmer ice layer is encountered, the ice layer can not be broken by the method, the icebreaker usually needs to retreat a certain distance in sequence, then the opening horsepower rushes away, and the ice layer is broken away by the inertia of the icebreaker. The floating state of the icebreaker needs to be adjusted repeatedly in the icebreaking process, ballast water needs to be transported repeatedly, energy consumption is high, efficiency is low, and the requirement on the structural strength of the bow is extremely high.
Cn201610578979.X a saw-blade type submersible polar scientific investigation vessel, not suitable for large scientific investigation vessels.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of providing a marine exploration ship, an ice breaking and emergency rescue device and a method. The mother case marine exploration scientific investigation shipborne ice breaking and emergency rescue device and method thereof have the application number of CN202110013460.8; application date 20210106.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an ice breaking device of an ocean exploration ship comprises an ice breaking inclined seat support arranged at the head of the ship, wherein the ice breaking inclined seat support is provided with an inclined surface which is in contact with a ship body solid support and is arranged obliquely upwards, so that the reverse impact force of ice breaking is obliquely transmitted to the ship body solid support;
the lower part of the front end of the ship body is hinged with the lower end of the ice breaking swinging ice-pricking row, and the upper part of the front end of the ship body is provided with an ice breaking driving part of which the lower end is hinged with the upper end of the ice breaking swinging ice-pricking row so as to drive the ice breaking swinging ice-pricking row to beat and prick the ice surface;
the lower end parts of a first ice breaking swing arm and a second ice breaking swing arm are respectively hinged to the ice breaking inclined seat support and are arranged in the front-back direction of the ship body;
an icebreaking winch is arranged on the icebreaking belt inclined seat support, and an icebreaking pulling rope is output by the icebreaking winch; a power gear of the ice-breaking winch is meshed with a winch gear shaft, and the power gear is a sector gear or a sliding gear;
an ice breaking belt torsional spring driving wheel is arranged on a hinged wheel shaft of the ice breaking first swing arm or the ice breaking second swing arm; the head of the first ice-breaking swing arm or the head of the second ice-breaking swing arm is wound with an output end of an ice-breaking pulling rope;
the head of the first ice breaking swing arm is hinged with an ice breaking lower swing rod, the middle part of the ice breaking lower swing rod is hinged with the head of the second ice breaking swing arm;
the lower end part of the ice breaking lower swing rod is connected with an ice breaking lower punch through an ice breaking connecting spring rod so as to hammer the ice surface, and at the moment, the ice breaking first swing arm and the ice breaking second swing arm form an X shape.
A method for breaking ice on a marine exploration ship starts a first scheme when sea ice is lower than a set thickness, and firstly, an ice breaking driving part comprising a crankshaft connecting rod assembly is started; then, the ice breaking driving part drives the ice breaking lower swing ice-piercing row to swing, and the ice breaking lower swing ice-piercing row beats and breaks the ice surface and pricks suddenly;
when the sea ice is higher than the set thickness, starting a second scheme, firstly, driving a winch gear shaft to rotate in a meshed mode through a sector gear or a sliding gear, enabling an ice breaking winch to drive an ice breaking first swing arm and an ice breaking second swing arm to link and tilt backwards through an ice breaking pulling rope, and enabling an ice breaking lower swing rod to swing upwards; then, when the winch gear shaft reaches the tooth lacking part of the sector gear or is separated from the sliding gear, under the self-weight action of the ice breaking swing rod, the ice breaking winch outputs an ice breaking pulling rope, the ice breaking first swing arm and the ice breaking second swing arm are planted before linkage, the ice breaking swing rod swings downwards, the ice breaking lower punch hammers the ice surface, and meanwhile continuous hammering is achieved through the spring force of the ice breaking connecting spring rod.
An emergency device of an ocean exploration ship comprises an emergency boat body carried by a scientific investigation ship and an emergency unmanned aerial vehicle group; an emergency crushed ice component is arranged on the emergency boat main body;
the bottom of the rescue boat main body is provided with a rescue boat sled used for sliding on the sea ice surface; a plurality of groups of emergency ice grabbing driving wheels are arranged on two sides of the sleigh of the emergency boat and are used for grabbing on the sea ice surface to walk and/or preventing from backing up; the emergency buoyancy air cushion is arranged on the emergency boat main body, so that the emergency boat main body floats in seawater; four corners of the rescue boat main body are distributed with rescue auxiliary hanging rings to be connected with a rescue unmanned aerial vehicle group through a traction rope;
the emergency ice crushing assembly is used for pre-crushing ice on a forward path of the scientific investigation ship.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution:
the emergency ice crushing component comprises a scheme a and/or an emergency ice breaking mechanism;
when the scheme a is included, the scheme a comprises an emergency lifting belt which is vertically arranged on an emergency boat main body; a plurality of emergency lifting support plates are hinged on the emergency lifting belt, emergency telescopic guide sleeves are distributed on the emergency lifting belt, and emergency telescopic ejector rods used for extending out and supporting the lower surface of the emergency lifting support plates are arranged on the emergency telescopic guide sleeves; an emergency V-shaped guide block is vertically arranged at the upper part in the emergency middle part of the emergency lifting belt, an emergency telescopic support positioned in the emergency middle part is arranged at the tail part of the emergency telescopic ejector rod, and the emergency V-shaped guide block is used for contacting with the emergency telescopic support of the upstream section to recover the emergency telescopic ejector rod so that the emergency lifting support plate swings downwards;
an emergency lower punch guide sleeve is arranged below the outer side of the upper walking section of the emergency lifting belt, an emergency lower punch ejector rod is lifted in the emergency lower punch guide sleeve, an emergency lower punch is arranged at the lower end of the emergency lower punch ejector rod to impact the sea ice surface, an emergency lower punch counter weight is arranged on the emergency lower punch ejector rod, an emergency inclined hand-rest is arranged on the emergency lower punch counter weight, the lower surface of the inclined hand-rest is in contact with the upper surface of an upward horizontal emergency lifting supporting plate to be lifted and is separated from the upper surface of an upward lower swing emergency lifting supporting plate to be lowered, the emergency lower punch impacts the ice surface, and an emergency lower punch reset spring is arranged between the emergency lower punch rod and the emergency lower punch guide sleeve to realize multiple impacts of the emergency lower punch head on the ice surface;
when the emergency ice breaking mechanism is included, the emergency ice breaking mechanism and the ice breaking device have the same structure.
A rescue method of a marine exploration ship comprises the following steps that the premise is that a rescue unmanned aerial vehicle cluster pulls a rescue boat main body to move ahead on a forward path of a scientific investigation ship;
when the emergency lower punch flushes ice, firstly, a plurality of groups of emergency ice-grabbing driving wheels grab the ground on the sea ice surface; then, the emergency telescopic ejector rod extends out to prop against the lower surface of the emergency lifting supporting plate, so that the emergency lifting supporting plate carries an emergency inclined supporting hand, and the emergency lower punch is driven to ascend through the emergency lower ejector rod; secondly, the lower emergency ejector rod moves upwards to the top end, the emergency telescopic support at the ascending section moves upwards along the emergency V-shaped guide block, the emergency telescopic ejector rod is recovered, the emergency lifting support plate falls downwards under the action of the lower emergency counterweight to impact the ice surface, and the lower emergency header impacts the ice surface for multiple times through the lower emergency reset spring;
when the emergency ice breaking mechanism and the emergency lower punch break ice at the same time, the emergency ice breaking mechanism and the emergency lower punch frequency and amplitude are adjusted to break ice in a resonance mode.
A marine exploration ship comprises an exploration device arranged at the bottom of the ship;
the detection device comprises a detection pipeline for entering seawater; a detection buffer tank is arranged on the detection pipeline;
the detection buffer tank is connected with a detection safety pipe, and the detection safety pipe is opened when the water pressure of seawater entering is greater than a set pressure; the detection buffer tank is connected with the input end of the detection liquid sending pipe;
a detection defoaming barbed wire net is arranged in the detection buffer tank so as to divide the detection buffer tank into two inner cavities; seawater flows in after passing through the detection defoaming barbed wire mesh to crack bubbles;
a temporary storage tank is arranged at the output end of the detection defoaming barbed wire; the temporary storage tank is connected with the input end of a detection air pump and the input end of a detection multi-beam dome; a detection pressurization drainage pump set is arranged on the detection multi-beam dome;
a detection water inlet ventilation cover is arranged at the input end of the detection pipeline; the detection water inlet air-permeable cover is provided with a detection water inlet flow guide inclined plane, detection water-permeable hole groups are distributed on the detection water inlet air-permeable cover, and a detection middle opening for water passing is arranged in the middle of each detection water-permeable hole group.
A marine exploration vessel comprising hull means; a ship bottom device is arranged below the ship body device;
the hull means includes a ballast body;
the ship bottom device comprises a bottom ship-shaped slide rail arranged below the ship ballast body; bottom guiding cambered surfaces are arranged at two ends of the bottom ship-shaped slide rail, and bottom water permeable holes are transversely penetrated in the bottom ship-shaped slide rail;
the bottom of the ship ballast main body is provided with a plurality of water tank cabins, the water tank cabins comprise a middle water tank positioned in the middle of the ship ballast main body, and four corner water tanks positioned at four corners are arranged at two longitudinal sides of the middle water tank; side water tanks are arranged on the two transverse sides of the middle water tank of the ship; the independent side water tanks and the four corner water tanks are respectively communicated with the middle water tank through the water tank connecting pipes; the water tank connecting pipe is provided with a pump station;
a ship body balance weight supporting plate with a ship body balance weight slide rail which is arranged in a circulating way is arranged in the ship ballast main body; a ship rolling counterweight body is arranged in the ship counterweight slide rail and is connected with the middle part of the ship ballast main body through a traction rope;
the ship body counterweight support plate is distributed with a ship body counterweight push rod to push or support the ship body rolling counterweight body to be fixed on the ship body counterweight support plate.
A working method of a marine exploration ship comprises the following steps of breaking ice by the marine exploration ship when a ballast body of the ship runs and breaks ice;
firstly, ballast water is introduced into ship four-corner water tanks and/or ship side water tanks with sunken sides through ship water tank connecting pipes, and meanwhile, a ship body counterweight push rod pushes and supports a ship body rolling counterweight body to be fixed on a ship body counterweight support plate so as to enable the ship ballast body to be sunk; then, the ship ballast body impacts the sea ice layer and is scratched on the ice surface by utilizing the bottom guide arc surface; secondly, pressing an ice layer under the ship-shaped slide rail at the bottom; thirdly, the ship ballast body is inclined to the other side and sinks on the ice surface to break ice;
when multi-beam sounding is carried out, firstly, seawater passes through the water inlet detection ventilating cover and the water inlet detection flow guide inclined plane; then, the seawater enters the detection pipeline for temporary storage through the detection water permeable hole group; secondly, seawater is guided to the turbulent flow of the seawater and bubbles are eliminated through a detection defoaming barbed wire; thirdly, the seawater enters the temporary storage tank through the detection liquid sending pipe; then, the temporary storage tank is exhausted by a detection air pump, and the pressure of the seawater is compensated by a detection pressurization drainage pump group; and then, the seawater enters the multi-beam detection diversion cover from the temporary storage tank and finally flows back to the sea.
A marine exploration vessel comprises a marine exploration vessel; the ocean exploration ship is provided with an emergency device comprising the ocean exploration ship and an ice breaking device comprising the ocean exploration ship.
A working method of an ocean exploration ship executes a scheme during polar region exploration; step one, executing a working method of a marine exploration ship;
step two, when the ice breaking mode in the step one cannot break ice, executing an ice breaking method of the ocean exploration ship;
and step three, when the ice breaking mode in the step two cannot break the ice, executing a rescue method of the ocean exploration ship.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the use structure of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the hull device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the ice breaking device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the detection device of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the emergency ice crushing assembly of the invention.
Wherein: 1. a hull means; 2. a bottom device; 3. an ice breaking device; 4. a detection device; 5. an emergency unmanned aerial vehicle group; 6. an emergency ice crushing component; 7. a bottom boat-shaped slide rail; 8. a bottom guide arc surface; 9. water permeable holes are arranged at the bottom; 10. a ship ballast body; 11. a ship water tank connecting pipe; 12. a side tank; 13. a mid-ship water tank; 14. four-corner water tanks of the ship; 15. a hull counterweight supporting plate; 16. a hull counterweight slide rail; 17. a ship body counterweight push rod; 18. a ship body rolling counterweight body; 19. a hull safety line; 20. the ice breaking belt is provided with an inclined seat support; 21. swinging ice-pricking rows under ice breaking; 22. an ice breaking drive section; 23. an ice breaking winch; 24. pulling a rope for breaking ice; 25. the ice breaking belt is provided with a torsional spring driving wheel; 26. a first swing arm for breaking ice; 27. a second swing arm for breaking ice; 28. swinging the rod under the icebreaking condition; 29. an ice breaking lower punch; 30. connecting a spring rod for ice breaking; 31. detecting a pipeline; 32. detecting a buffer tank; 33. detecting a safety tube; 34. detecting the liquid sending pipe; 35. detecting a defoaming barbed wire net; 36. detecting an air pump; 37. a temporary storage tank; 38. detecting a multi-beam dome; 39. detecting a pressurization drainage pump set; 40. detecting a water inlet ventilation cover; 41. detecting a water inlet flow guide inclined plane; 42. detecting a water permeable hole group; 43. detecting a middle gap; 44. emergency boat sleds; 45. an emergency ice-grabbing driving wheel; 46. a rescue buoyancy air cushion; 47. an emergency auxiliary hanging ring; 48. an emergency ice breaking mechanism; 49. a rescue lifting belt; 50. lifting the supporting plate in emergency; 51. an emergency telescopic ejector rod; 52. an emergency telescopic guide sleeve; 53. an emergency telescopic support; 54. an emergency intermediate part; 55. a rescue V-shaped guide block; 56. rushing the guide sleeve in emergency; 57. rushing a mandril in emergency; 58. punching a balance weight in emergency; 59. carrying out emergency inclined hand support; 60. a rescue lower punch; 61. rushing the reset spring under emergency.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the ice breaking device for the marine exploration vessel of the present embodiment includes an ice breaking inclined seat support 20 installed at the bow of the vessel, wherein the ice breaking inclined seat support 20 has an inclined surface which is in contact with the hull solid support and is arranged obliquely upward, so that the reverse impact force of ice breaking is transmitted obliquely to the hull solid support;
the lower part of the front end of the ship body is also hinged with the lower end of an ice breaking lower swing ice-piercing row 21, and the upper part of the front end of the ship body is provided with an ice breaking driving part 22 of which the lower end is hinged with the upper end of the ice breaking lower swing ice-piercing row 21 so as to drive the ice breaking lower swing ice-piercing row 21 to beat and pierce the ice surface;
the lower end parts of a first ice breaking swing arm 26 and a second ice breaking swing arm 27 are respectively hinged on the ice breaking inclined seat support 20 and are arranged in the front-back direction of the ship body;
an icebreaking winch 23 is arranged on the icebreaking inclined seat support 20, and an icebreaking pulling rope 24 is output from the icebreaking winch 23; a power gear of the ice-breaking winch 23 is meshed with a winch gear shaft, and the power gear is a sector gear or a sliding gear;
an ice breaking belt torsion spring driving wheel 25 is arranged on a hinged wheel shaft of the ice breaking first swing arm 26 or the ice breaking second swing arm 27; the head of the first ice breaking swing arm 26 or the second ice breaking swing arm 27 is wound with the output end of the ice breaking pulling rope 24;
the head of the ice breaking first swing arm 26 is hinged with an ice breaking lower swing rod 28, the middle part of which is hinged with the head of the ice breaking second swing arm 27;
an ice breaking lower punch 29 is connected to the lower end portion of the ice breaking swing rod 28 through an ice breaking connecting spring rod 30 to hammer an ice surface, and at this time, the ice breaking first swing arm 26 and the ice breaking second swing arm 27 form an X shape.
In the method for breaking ice on the ocean exploration ship according to the embodiment, when the sea ice is lower than the set thickness, the first scheme is started, and firstly, the ice breaking driving part 22 comprising the crankshaft connecting rod assembly is started; then, the ice breaking driving part 22 drives the ice breaking lower swing ice-piercing row 21 to swing, and the ice breaking lower swing ice-piercing row 21 beats and breaks the ice surface and pierces suddenly;
when the sea ice is higher than the set thickness, starting the second scheme, firstly, driving a hoisting gear shaft to rotate in a meshed manner through a sector gear or a sliding gear, so that the ice breaking hoisting machine 23 drives an ice breaking first swing arm 26 and an ice breaking second swing arm 27 to link and tilt backwards through an ice breaking pulling rope 24, and the ice breaking lower swing rod 28 swings upwards; then, when the hoisting gear shaft reaches the tooth-missing part of the sector gear or is separated from the sliding gear, under the self-weight action of the swing rod 28 under ice breaking, the ice breaking hoisting machine 23 outputs the ice breaking traction rope 24, the first ice breaking swing arm 26 and the second ice breaking swing arm 27 are linked and planted, the swing rod 28 under ice breaking swings downwards, the ice breaking lower punch 29 hammers the ice surface, and meanwhile continuous hammering is realized through the spring force of the ice breaking connecting spring rod 30.
The emergency rescue device of the ocean exploration ship comprises an emergency rescue boat body carried by a scientific investigation ship and an emergency rescue unmanned aerial vehicle group 5; an emergency crushed ice component 6 is arranged on the emergency boat main body;
the bottom of the rescue boat main body is provided with a rescue boat sled 44 which is used for sliding on the sea ice surface; a plurality of groups of emergency ice-grabbing driving wheels 45 are arranged on two sides of a ski 44 of the emergency boat and are used for grabbing the ground to walk on the sea ice surface and/or preventing the back-up; the rescue buoyancy air cushion 46 is arranged on the rescue boat main body, so that the rescue boat main body floats in seawater; four corners of the rescue boat main body are distributed with rescue auxiliary hanging rings 47 to be connected with the rescue unmanned aerial vehicle group 5 through a traction rope;
the emergency ice crushing assembly 6 is used for pre-crushing ice on a forward path of the scientific investigation ship.
The emergency ice crushing assembly 6 comprises a scheme a and/or an emergency ice breaking mechanism 48;
when the scheme a is included, the scheme a comprises a rescue lifting belt 49 vertically arranged on a rescue boat main body; a plurality of emergency lifting support plates 50 are hinged on the emergency lifting belt 49, an emergency telescopic guide sleeve 52 is distributed on the emergency lifting belt 49, and an emergency telescopic ejector rod 51 for extending to push against the lower surface of the emergency lifting support plate 50 is arranged on the emergency telescopic guide sleeve 52; an emergency V-shaped guide block 55 is vertically arranged at the upper part in an emergency middle part 54 of the emergency lifting belt 49, an emergency telescopic support 53 positioned in the emergency middle part 54 is arranged at the tail part of the emergency telescopic ejector rod 51, and the emergency V-shaped guide block 55 is used for contacting with the emergency telescopic support 53 at the ascending section to recover the emergency telescopic ejector rod 51, so that the emergency lifting supporting plate 50 swings downwards;
an emergency lower punch guide sleeve 56 is arranged below the outer side of an upper segment of the emergency lifting belt 49, an emergency lower punch ejector rod 57 is lifted in the emergency lower punch guide sleeve 56, an emergency lower punch 60 is arranged at the lower end of the emergency lower punch 57 to impact a sea ice surface, an emergency lower punch balance 58 is arranged on the emergency lower punch rod 57, an emergency inclined hand-rest 59 is arranged on the emergency lower punch balance 58, the lower surface of the emergency lower punch balance is used for being in contact with the upper surface of the emergency lifting supporting plate 50 in an upper horizontal state to be lifted and separated from the upper surface of the upper swing-shaped emergency lifting supporting plate 50 to be lowered, the lower punch 60 impacts the ice surface, and an emergency lower reset spring 61 is arranged between the emergency lower punch 57 and the emergency lower punch guide sleeve 56 to realize multiple impacts of the ice surface by the emergency lower punch 60;
when the emergency ice breaking mechanism 48 is included, the emergency ice breaking mechanism 48 has the same structure as the ice breaking device 3.
The emergency rescue method for the ocean exploration ship comprises the following steps that on the premise that an emergency unmanned aerial vehicle cluster 5 pulls an emergency ship main body to move forwards on a forward path of a scientific investigation ship;
when the rescue lower punch 60 washes ice, firstly, a plurality of groups of rescue ice-grabbing driving wheels 45 grab the ground on the sea ice surface; then, the emergency telescopic ejector rod 51 extends out to jack the lower surface of the emergency lifting supporting plate 50, so that the emergency lifting supporting plate 50 carries the emergency inclined supporting hand 59, and the emergency lower punch 60 is driven to ascend through the emergency lower punch rod 57; secondly, the emergency lower punch pin 57 moves upwards to the top end, the emergency telescopic support 53 at the ascending section moves upwards along the emergency V-shaped guide block 55, the emergency telescopic punch pin 51 is recovered, the emergency lifting support plate 50 falls downwards under the action of the emergency lower punch counter weight 58 to impact the ice surface, and the emergency lower punch 60 impacts the ice surface for multiple times through the emergency lower punch reset spring 61;
when the emergency ice breaking mechanism 48 and the emergency lower punch 60 break ice at the same time, the emergency ice breaking mechanism 48 and the emergency lower punch 60 are adjusted in undershoot frequency and amplitude to break ice in a resonant mode.
The ocean exploration vessel of the embodiment comprises an exploration device 4 arranged at the bottom of the vessel;
the detection device 4 comprises a detection pipe 31 for entering seawater; a detection buffer tank 32 is arranged on the detection pipeline 31;
the detection buffer tank 32 is connected with a detection safety pipe 33, and when the water pressure of the seawater entering is greater than the set pressure, the detection safety pipe 33 is opened; the detection buffer tank 32 is connected with the input end of a detection liquid sending pipe 34;
a detection defoaming barbed wire mesh 35 is arranged in the detection buffer tank 32 to divide the detection buffer tank 32 into two inner cavities; seawater flows in after passing through the detection defoaming barbed wire mesh 35 to break bubbles;
a temporary storage tank 37 is arranged at the output end of the detection defoaming belt barbed wire 35; the temporary storage tank 37 is connected with the input end of a detection air pump 36 and the input end of a detection multi-beam guide cover 38; a detection pressurizing drainage pump set 39 is arranged on the detection multi-beam air guide sleeve 38;
a detection water inlet ventilation cover 40 is arranged at the input end of the detection pipeline 31; the water inlet detection air permeable cover 40 is provided with a water inlet detection flow guide inclined plane 41, the water inlet detection air permeable cover 40 is distributed with water inlet detection hole groups 42, and the middle of each water inlet detection hole group 42 is provided with a middle detection opening 43 for water passing.
The ocean exploration ship of the embodiment comprises a ship body device 1; a ship bottom device 2 is arranged below the ship body device 1;
the hull device 1 includes a ship ballast body 10;
the ship bottom device 2 comprises a bottom ship-shaped slide rail 7 arranged below a ship ballast body 10; bottom guiding cambered surfaces 8 are arranged at two ends of the bottom ship-shaped slide rail 7, and a bottom water permeable hole 9 is transversely penetrated in the bottom ship-shaped slide rail 7;
a plurality of water tank cabins are arranged at the bottom of the ballast main body 10, the water tank cabins comprise a middle water tank 13 positioned in the middle of the ballast main body 10, and four corner water tanks 14 positioned at four corners are arranged at two longitudinal sides of the middle water tank 13; the water tanks 12 at the sides of the middle water tank 13 are arranged at the sides of the middle water tank; the independent side water tanks 12 and the independent four-corner water tanks 14 are respectively communicated with the middle water tank 13 of the ship through the water tank connecting pipes 11 of the ship; the ship water tank connecting pipe 11 is provided with a pump station;
a hull weight support plate 15 with a hull weight slide rail 16 which is circularly arranged is arranged in the ship ballast body 10; a ship rolling counterweight body 18 is arranged in the ship counterweight slide rail 16, and the ship rolling counterweight body 18 is connected with the middle part of the ship ballast main body 10 through a traction rope;
a ship body counterweight push rod 17 is distributed on the ship body counterweight support plate 15 to push or support the ship body rolling counterweight body 18 to be fixed on the ship body counterweight support plate 15.
The working method of the ocean exploration vessel of the present embodiment, when the ship ballast body 10 is driven to break ice, comprises the steps of breaking ice by itself;
firstly, ballast water is introduced into the four-corner water tanks 14 and/or the side water tanks 12 of the ship with the sinking side through the ship water tank connecting pipes 11, and meanwhile, the ship ballast main body 10 is pushed and supported by the ship counterweight push rods 17 to be fixed on the ship counterweight support plates 15 through the ship counterweight main body rolling counterweight bodies 18, so that the ship ballast main body 10 is sunk; then, the ship ballast body 10 impacts on the sea ice layer and is scratched on the ice surface by utilizing the bottom guide arc surface 8; secondly, pressing an ice layer by a bottom ship-shaped slide rail 7; thirdly, the ship ballast body 10 is deflected to the other side and the ice surface is broken;
when multi-beam sounding is carried out, firstly, seawater passes through the detection inflow ventilating cover 40 and the detection inflow diversion inclined plane 41; then, the seawater enters the detection pipeline 31 through the detection water permeable hole group 42 for temporary storage; secondly, the seawater is subjected to turbulent flow diversion and bubble elimination through a detection defoaming barbed wire mesh 35; thirdly, the seawater enters the temporary storage tank 37 through the detection liquid sending pipe 34; then, the temporary storage tank 37 is exhausted by the detection air pump 36, and the pressure of the seawater is compensated by the detection pressurization drainage pump set 39; then, the seawater enters the multi-beam detection diversion cover 38 from the temporary storage tank 37 and finally flows back to the sea.
The ocean exploration ship comprises an ocean exploration ship; the ocean exploration ship is provided with an emergency device comprising the ocean exploration ship and an ice breaking device 3 of the ocean exploration ship.
In the working method of the ocean exploration ship, when polar region exploration is carried out, a scheme is executed; step one, executing a working method of a marine exploration ship;
step two, when the ice breaking mode in the step one can not break ice, executing an ice breaking method of the ocean exploration ship;
and step three, when the ice breaking mode in the step two cannot break the ice, executing the emergency rescue method of the ocean exploration ship.
The invention has the advantages of reasonable design, low cost, firmness, durability, safety, reliability, simple operation, time and labor saving, capital saving, compact structure and convenient use. Compared with the traditional ice breaking scheme, the ice breaking method has the advantages that the driving force is increased, the maneuverability is reduced, the multi-stage cooperation of ice breaking and first-aid emergency ice breaking are increased, the difficulty of ice breaking of the ship body is reduced, and the maneuverability of advancing is realized by matching with an unmanned aerial vehicle.
The invention increases the pressure intensity, improves the ice breaking capacity, and the detection device 4 realizes the defoaming function. The slide rail realizes the guiding function, increases the pressure and improves the ice breaking capacity, the bottom water permeable holes 9 reduce the pressure on the ship body when the ship advances, and the ship water tank connecting pipes 11 are connected by a bidirectional pump, thereby realizing the water change between each cabin body and the middle water tank. The ship side water tanks 12, the ship middle water tanks 13 and the ship four-corner water tanks 14 realize the inclination of the ship body by using ballast water, the ship body balance weight supporting plate 15, the ship body balance weight sliding rails 16, the ship body balance weight push rods 17, the ship body rolling balance weight body 18 and the ship body safety ropes 19 realize the movement or fixation of the side inclination. The ice breaking bracket 20 with the inclined seat plays a role in preventing looseness and avoids stress of the bolt. The icebreaking lower swing ice-piercing row 21 has two actions of sharp piercing and surface row, so that the ice surface is broken, the icebreaking driving part 22 realizes continuous smashing, the icebreaking winch 23 realizes rising driving through the icebreaking pulling rope 24, falling through self-weight, the icebreaking belt torsion spring driving wheel 25 realizes descending buffering, the icebreaking first swing arm 26, the icebreaking second swing arm 27 and the icebreaking lower swing arm 28 realize linkage similar turnover mechanism, so that the falling impulse is increased, the icebreaking lower punch 29 realizes ice breaking, the icebreaking connecting spring rod 30 realizes continuous impact, and resonance can be realized. The detection pipeline 31 realizes the entering of seawater, the detection buffer tank 32 reduces the speed and the diversion of the seawater, the detection safety pipe 33 has safety overflow, the detection defoaming belt barbed wire 35 realizes the crushing of large bubbles and the realization of the change of turbulent flow into laminar flow, the detection air pump 36 realizes the negative pressure air extraction and discharges the bubbles, then, the pressurization supplement pressure difference is realized through the detection pressurization drainage pump set 39, the temporary storage tank 37 realizes the seawater allocation, the detection multi-beam diversion cover 38 realizes the seawater output, the bubbles are reduced, the detection rate is improved, the detection water inlet ventilation cover 40 realizes the seawater output, the detection water inlet diversion inclined plane 41 reduces the resistance, the detection water permeable hole group 42 realizes the filtration and the resistance reduction, and the crushing of the bubbles is realized, the flow guiding and detection middle opening 43 reduces the middle impact force, the rescue boat sled 44 realizes quick sliding, the rescue ice-breaking driving wheel 45 can realize braking, the rescue buoyancy air cushion 46 provides buoyancy, the rescue auxiliary hanging ring 47 realizes connection with the unmanned aerial vehicle, the rescue ice-breaking mechanism 48 is ingenious application of a turnover mechanism, a rescue lifting belt 49, a rescue lifting supporting plate 50, a rescue telescopic ejector rod 51, a rescue telescopic guide sleeve 52, a rescue telescopic support 53, a rescue middle part 54, a rescue V-shaped guide block 55, a rescue lower guide sleeve 56, a rescue lower ejector rod 57, a rescue lower counter weight 58, a rescue inclined supporting hand 59, a rescue lower punch 60 and a rescue lower reset spring 61, and free falling impact is realized. And (4) continuously operating.
Claims (5)
1. A rescue method of an ocean exploration ship is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps that on the premise that an emergency unmanned aerial vehicle cluster (5) pulls an emergency boat main body to move forwards on a forward path of a scientific investigation ship;
when the lower punch (60) is used for flushing ice in emergency, firstly, a plurality of groups of emergency ice-grabbing driving wheels (45) grab the ground on the sea ice surface; then, the emergency telescopic ejector rod (51) extends out to prop against the lower surface of the emergency lifting supporting plate (50), so that the emergency lifting supporting plate (50) carries an emergency inclined supporting hand (59), and the emergency lower punch (60) is driven to ascend through the emergency lower ejector rod (57); secondly, the emergency lower punch rod (57) ascends to the top end, the emergency telescopic support (53) at the ascending section ascends along the emergency V-shaped guide block (55), the emergency telescopic punch rod (51) is recovered, the emergency lifting support plate (50) falls downwards under the action of the emergency lower punch counter weight (58) to impact the ice surface, and the emergency lower punch (60) impacts the ice surface for multiple times through the emergency lower punch reset spring (61);
when the emergency ice breaking mechanism (48) and the emergency lower punch (60) break ice at the same time, the lower punching frequency and amplitude of the emergency ice breaking mechanism (48) and the emergency lower punch (60) are adjusted to break ice in a resonant mode.
2. A marine exploration vessel, comprising: comprises a ship body device (1) and a detection device (4) arranged at the bottom of the ship;
the detection device (4) comprises a detection pipeline (31) for entering seawater; a detection buffer tank (32) is arranged on the detection pipeline (31);
the detection buffer tank (32) is connected with a detection safety pipe (33), and the detection safety pipe (33) is opened when the water pressure of the seawater is greater than the set pressure; the detection buffer tank (32) is connected with the input end of a detection liquid sending pipe (34);
a detection defoaming barbed wire net (35) is arranged in the detection buffer tank (32) to divide the detection buffer tank (32) into two inner cavities; seawater flows in after passing through a detection defoaming barbed wire net (35) to crack bubbles;
a temporary storage tank (37) is arranged at the output end of the detection defoaming belt barbed wire net (35); the temporary storage tank (37) is connected with the input end of a detection air pump (36) and the input end of a detection multi-beam air guide sleeve (38); a detection pressurizing drainage pump set (39) is arranged on the detection multi-beam air guide sleeve (38);
a detection water inlet ventilation cover (40) is arranged at the input end of the detection pipeline (31); the detection water inlet air-permeable cover (40) is provided with a detection water inlet flow guide inclined plane (41), the detection water inlet air-permeable cover (40) is distributed with a detection water-permeable hole group (42), and the middle of the detection water-permeable hole group (42) is provided with a detection middle notch (43) for water passing.
3. The marine exploration vessel of claim 2, wherein: comprising a hull arrangement (1); a ship bottom device (2) is arranged below the ship body device (1);
the hull device (1) comprises a ship ballast body (10);
the ship bottom device (2) comprises a bottom ship-shaped slide rail (7) arranged below the ship ballast body (10); two ends of the bottom ship-shaped slide rail (7) are provided with bottom guide arc surfaces (8), and bottom water permeable holes (9) are transversely penetrated on the bottom ship-shaped slide rail (7);
a plurality of water tank cabins are arranged at the bottom of the ship ballast main body (10), the water tank cabins comprise a middle water tank (13) positioned in the middle of the ship ballast main body (10), and four ship corner water tanks (14) positioned at four corners are arranged at two longitudinal sides of the middle water tank (13); the two transverse sides of the middle water tank (13) of the ship are provided with side water tanks (12); the independent ship side water tanks (12) and the ship four-corner water tanks (14) are respectively communicated with the middle water tank (13) of the ship through the ship water tank connecting pipes (11); the ship water tank connecting pipe (11) is provided with a pump station;
a ship body balance weight supporting plate (15) with a ship body balance weight sliding rail (16) which is arranged in a circulating mode is arranged in the ship ballast body (10); a ship rolling counterweight body (18) is arranged in the ship counterweight sliding rail (16), and the ship rolling counterweight body (18) is connected with the middle part of the ship ballast main body (10) through a traction rope;
the ship body counterweight support plate (15) is distributed with a ship body counterweight push rod (17) to push or support the ship body rolling counterweight body (18) to be fixed on the ship body counterweight support plate (15).
4. A working method of a marine exploration ship is characterized in that: when the ship ballast body (10) is driven to break ice in polar region, the ice is broken;
step one, executing a working method of a marine exploration ship;
step two, when the ice breaking mode in the step one can not break ice, executing an ice breaking method of the ocean exploration ship;
step three, when the ice breaking mode in the step two cannot break ice, executing a rescue method of the ocean exploration ship;
when ice breaking is needed, an ice breaking method is also executed, when sea ice is lower than a set thickness, a first scheme is started, and firstly, an ice breaking driving part (22) comprising a crankshaft connecting rod assembly is started; then, the ice breaking driving part (22) drives the ice breaking lower swing ice piercing row (21) to swing, and the ice breaking lower swing ice piercing row (21) beats and breaks the ice surface and pierces suddenly;
when the sea ice is higher than the set thickness, starting a second scheme, firstly, driving a hoisting gear shaft to rotate in a meshed mode through a sector gear or a sliding gear, enabling an ice breaking hoisting machine (23) to drive an ice breaking first swing arm (26) and an ice breaking second swing arm (27) to link and tilt backwards through an ice breaking pulling rope (24), and enabling an ice breaking lower swing rod (28) to swing upwards; then, when the winch gear shaft reaches the tooth lacking part of the sector gear or is separated from the sliding gear, under the self-weight action of the ice breaking swing rod (28), the ice breaking winch (23) outputs an ice breaking pulling rope (24), the ice breaking first swing arm (26) and the ice breaking second swing arm (27) are linked and planted in front, the ice breaking swing rod (28) swings downwards, the ice breaking lower punch (29) hammers the ice surface, and meanwhile continuous hammering is achieved through the spring force of the ice breaking connecting spring rod (30).
5. A marine exploration vessel, comprising: comprises a marine exploration vessel; the marine exploration ship is provided with an emergency device comprising a marine exploration ship;
the rescue device comprises a rescue boat main body carried by a scientific investigation ship and a rescue unmanned aerial vehicle cluster (5); an emergency crushed ice component (6) is arranged on the emergency boat main body;
the bottom of the rescue boat main body is provided with a rescue boat sled (44) which is used for sliding on the sea ice surface; a plurality of groups of emergency ice grabbing driving wheels (45) are arranged on two sides of a ski (44) of the emergency boat and are used for grabbing on the sea ice surface to walk and/or preventing from backing up; an emergency buoyancy air cushion (46) is arranged on the emergency boat main body, so that the emergency boat main body floats in seawater; four corners of the rescue boat main body are distributed with rescue auxiliary hanging rings (47) which are connected with a rescue unmanned aerial vehicle group (5) through traction ropes;
the emergency ice crushing assembly (6) is used for pre-crushing ice on the advancing path of the scientific investigation ship;
the emergency ice crushing assembly (6) comprises a scheme a and/or an emergency ice breaking mechanism (48);
when the scheme a is included, the scheme a comprises a rescue lifting belt (49) which is vertically arranged on the main body of the rescue boat; a plurality of emergency lifting supporting plates (50) are hinged on the emergency lifting belt (49), an emergency telescopic guide sleeve (52) is distributed on the emergency lifting belt (49), and an emergency telescopic ejector rod (51) used for extending out and supporting the lower surface of the emergency lifting supporting plate (50) is arranged on the emergency telescopic guide sleeve (52); an emergency V-shaped guide block (55) is vertically arranged at the upper part in an emergency middle part (54) of the emergency lifting belt (49), an emergency telescopic support (53) positioned in the emergency middle part (54) is arranged at the tail part of an emergency telescopic ejector rod (51), the emergency V-shaped guide block (55) is used for contacting with the emergency telescopic support (53) of the ascending section, the emergency telescopic ejector rod (51) is recovered, and the emergency lifting supporting plate (50) swings downwards;
an emergency lower punch guide sleeve (56) is arranged below the outer side of an upper segment of an emergency lifting belt (49), an emergency lower punch ejector rod (57) is arranged in the emergency lower punch guide sleeve (56) in a lifting mode, an emergency lower punch (60) is arranged at the lower end of the emergency lower punch rod (57) to impact a sea ice surface, an emergency lower punch balance weight (58) is arranged on the emergency lower punch ejector rod (57), an emergency inclined supporting hand (59) is arranged on the emergency lower punch balance weight (58), the lower surface of the inclined supporting hand is used for being in contact with the upper surface of an emergency lifting supporting plate (50) in an upward horizontal state to be lifted and separated from the upper surface of an upward swinging emergency lifting supporting plate (50) to be lowered, the emergency lower punch (60) impacts the ice surface, and an emergency lower punch reset spring (61) is arranged between the emergency lower punch rod (57) and the emergency lower punch guide sleeve (56) to achieve multiple impacts of the ice surface by the emergency lower punch (60);
firstly, ballast water is introduced into ship four-corner water tanks (14) with a sunken side and/or ship side water tanks (12) through a ship water tank connecting pipe (11), and meanwhile, a ship body weight balance push rod (17) pushes and supports a ship body rolling weight body (18) to fix a ship ballast main body (10) on a ship body weight balance supporting plate (15) so that the ship ballast main body (10) is sunken; then, the ship ballast body (10) impacts the sea ice layer and scratches on the ice surface by utilizing the bottom guide arc surface (8); secondly, pressing an ice layer by a ship-shaped sliding rail (7) at the bottom; thirdly, the ship ballast body (10) inclines towards the other side and sinks on the ice surface to break ice;
when multi-beam sounding is carried out, firstly, seawater passes through a detection water inlet ventilation cover (40) and a detection water inlet diversion inclined plane (41); then, the seawater enters the detection pipeline (31) for temporary storage through the detection water permeable hole group (42); secondly, the seawater is subjected to turbulent flow diversion and bubble elimination through a detection defoaming barbed wire (35); thirdly, the seawater enters a temporary storage tank (37) through a detection liquid sending pipe (34); then, the temporary storage tank (37) is exhausted by a detection air pump (36) and compensates the pressure of the seawater by a detection pressurization drainage pump set (39); then, the seawater enters the multi-beam detection diversion cover (38) from the temporary storage tank (37) and finally flows back to the sea.
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| CN202210930955.1A CN115140254B (en) | 2021-01-06 | 2021-01-06 | Marine probe vessel, assembly and method |
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| CN202210930955.1A CN115140254B (en) | 2021-01-06 | 2021-01-06 | Marine probe vessel, assembly and method |
| CN202110013460.8A CN112660314B (en) | 2021-01-06 | 2021-01-06 | Marine exploration scientific investigation ship |
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| CN202311054894.8A Pending CN116985963A (en) | 2021-01-06 | 2021-01-06 | Ocean exploration ship device for polar region scientific investigation and work flow for polar region investigation |
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| CN114485578A (en) * | 2022-01-17 | 2022-05-13 | 青岛黄海学院 | Marine ecology monitoring device and working method thereof |
| CN114872843B (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2023-10-20 | 台州市路桥联通缝纫机制造厂(普通合伙) | Icebreaker for polar scientific investigation and use method thereof |
| CN118618550A (en) * | 2024-08-07 | 2024-09-10 | 澳龙船艇科技有限公司 | Ocean fishing boat |
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| CN112660314A (en) | 2021-04-16 |
| CN116985963A (en) | 2023-11-03 |
| CN112660314B (en) | 2022-09-09 |
| CN115140254B (en) | 2023-10-13 |
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Address after: Laoshan District xianxialing road 266061 Shandong city of Qingdao province No. 6 Applicant after: FIRST INSTITUTE OF OCEANOGRAPHY, MNR Applicant after: Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center Address before: Laoshan District xianxialing road 266061 Shandong city of Qingdao province No. 6 Applicant before: FIRST INSTITUTE OF OCEANOGRAPHY, MNR Applicant before: QINGDAO NATIONAL LABORATORY FOR MARINE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT CENTER |
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