JP2003112687A - Ice breaking device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To ensure a route by mounting an ice breaking device to an existent ship and breaking an ice floe generated at a harbor or the like to eliminate it. SOLUTION: This ice breaking device comprises: floating bodies 1 and 2 which are capable of being mounted to a front end part of the ship B so as to project forward with respect to a stem and which respectively have lateral widths which are same as at least a width of the ship; a center wedge 4 which is arranged to an approximately central part on a front end upper surface in the floating bodies 1 and 2 so as to faces to a longitudinal direction, and inclines toward a front such that a front end is capable of merging to a downward part of the ice floe C to be broken; and a center guide 5 which is erected on an upper surface of the floating body 1 in a rear side of the center wedge 4 such that a height of an upper end is higher than that of a rear end of the center edge 4, and has a front surface having a top near the rear end of the center wedge 4 so as to form an inclined surface having an angular shape facing forward in plan view.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an ice crushing device which can be easily attached to an existing ship to crush an ice plate frozen in a harbor or the like to secure a route.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, crushing an ice plate frozen on the sea surface
A dedicated icebreaker is used, and most of the icebreakers utilize the weight of the hull by sailing while riding a part of the bow on an ice plate.

[0003]

In the ice breaking by the above-mentioned ice breaking ship, the crushed ice pieces become floating ice and block the track after passing through the ship, so that it cannot be sailed by a small fishing boat with a small propulsive force. Sometimes.

[0004] Further, since the period during which the icebreaker carries out the icebreaking work is relatively short, even if the icebreaker is effectively used for other purposes in other periods, the bow shape is suitable for icebreaking. Due to its curved shape, it has a large propulsion resistance when navigating on open water, and can often only be used for ice breaks. As a result, the period of ship suspension is long, which is uneconomical.

Further, since an icebreaker cannot enter a shallow harbor such as a fishing port, when crushing a relatively thin ice plate that has frozen in those sea areas to secure an entry and exit route for the fishing boat and the like. The fishing boats are used for fishing, and not only the ice breaking efficiency is poor, but the hull may be damaged.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and it is possible to efficiently crush an ice disk frozen in a harbor or the like by simply attaching it to an existing ship without using a dedicated ice breaking ship. It is an object of the present invention to provide a simple ice-breaking device that can be excluded laterally to secure a route.

[0007]

According to the present invention, the above problems can be solved as follows. (1) A floating body that can be attached to the front end of a ship so as to project forward of the bow and has a left-right width at least equivalent to the width of the ship, and faces the front-back direction at approximately the center of the upper surface of the front end of this floating body. Is installed on the upper surface of the floating body behind the center wedge, and the height of the upper end is the rear edge of the center wedge. A center guide which is erected so as to be higher than the height of, and whose front surface has an apex near the rear end of the center wedge and which has a forward-facing mountain-shaped inclined surface in plan view.

(2) In the above item (1), a presser plate capable of pressing the upper surface of the ice board mounted on the center wedge is provided at the lower end on both left and right sides of the front-facing support protruding from the upper end of the center guide. A pair of pressing devices having is provided.

(3) In the above item (2),
A means for adjusting the height of the holding plate is provided.

(4) In any one of the above items (1) to (3), a pair of front downward slopes are formed on the left and right sides of the upper surface of the floating body with the height of the upper end lower than the upper end of the center wedge. The side wedge of.

(5) In any one of the above items (1) to (4), the upper surface of the floating body immediately in front of the center guide has a lower dimension than the vertical dimension of the center guide, and the upper surface is a front-lowering inclined surface. A pair of left and right plate-shaped ice guides are provided.

(6) In any one of the above items (1) to (5), the rear half portion of the floating body has a U-shape in plan view, into which the front end portion of the ship can be inserted.

(7) In any one of the above items (1) to (6), the ship and the floating body are connected by at least two right and left wires having tensioning means.

(8) In any one of the above items (1) to (7), a plurality of rods are provided on the upper portion of the floating body so as to prevent the sinking of the floating body by abutting the upper end of the ship's port. .

[0015]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows the ice crusher (A) of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a side view showing the state in which is attached to an existing small vessel (B).
Is a plan view, and FIG. 3 is a front view of only the ice crusher (A).

The ice-breaking device (A) includes a first floating body (1) located in front of the bow of the ship (B) (hereinafter, the direction of travel of the ship will be referred to as the front) and a lower surface of the first floating body (1). A pair of left and right second floating bodies (2) (2) connected so as to form the same plane
And the first floating body (1) has a rectangular flat shape slightly longer than the entire width of the ship (B), and the left and right second floating bodies (2) are
The lateral width is small, and the vertical dimension is substantially the same as the vertical dimension on the port side of the ship (B) and is formed in a rectangular shape in a side view.

The distance between the left and right second floating bodies (2) is determined by
It is made slightly larger than the entire width of (B), and the front-back dimension is such that the front end of the vessel (B) can be inserted between the second floating bodies (2) by a required dimension.

As shown in FIG. 4, three reinforcing rods (3) facing the front-rear direction are fixed to the upper surface of the first floating body (1), and the central reinforcing rod (3) has a front view. A chevron-shaped center wedge (4) is provided on the reinforcing rods (3) on both sides with a similar side wedge (4) slightly behind the center wedge (4).
(a) is fixed as a downward slope.

A pair of left and right side wedges having the same shape (4a)
The upper edge is slightly lower than the upper edge of the center wedge (4), and the inclination angle of the latter half of the center wedge (4) is slightly larger (see FIG. 1).

Behind the center wedge (4) on the upper surface of the first floating body (1), the top is the center wedge (4).
The center guide (5), which is formed by bending the plate material in a forward-looking mountain shape in plan view so as to be close to the rear end, has the second floating body (2) at the upper end.
Is erected so as to be substantially level with the upper end surface of the.

Left and right inclined parts of the center guide (5)
On the first floating body (1) immediately before (5a), a pair of left and right ice guides (6) (6) in the form of a plate whose upper surface is an inclined surface with a front downward direction and which has a triangular shape in a plan view facing backward. ) Is fixed so that the front side thereof enters below the left and right side wedges (4a).

The upper surface of the rear ends of both ice guides (6) is lower than the upper end of the center guide (5).

At the front ends of the outer surfaces of the left and right second floating bodies (2),
Side guides (7) (7) with the front end upper surface slightly tilted
The ice guide (6) is fixed so as to be substantially flush with the upper surface of the rear end of the ice guide (6).

A support body having a beam structure formed by connecting a plurality of linear members to each other on the upper surfaces of the left and right second floating bodies (2).
(8) is fixed by overhanging so that the front half portion projects above the first floating body (1).

A first floating body connected to the front end of the support (8)
At the left and right ends of the support rod (9), which is longer than the left and right width and is oriented in the left-right direction, there are pressers (10), (10) for pressing the upper surface of the ice board (C) scooped up from the sea surface. It is provided so as to be located outside both side ends of the first floating body (1).

The holding device (10) is supported by a bracket (11) fixed to a support rod (9) so as to be able to move up and down, and has a lower end to which a holding plate (12) facing in the front-back direction is fixed. An elevating rod (13) and a male screw rod (15) having an operation handle (14) at the upper end for elevating the rod by screw feeding,
The front and rear ends of the holding plate (12) are bent slightly upward.

The position of the holding plate (12) in the front-rear direction is almost the same as the position of the front half of the center wedge (4), and the height is higher than that of the rear half of the center wedge (4) on the sea surface. It is subordinate (see FIG. 1).

Although not shown, each holding device (10)
Is attached to the support rod (9) so that the position in the left-right direction can be adjusted.

Further, for example, the lifting rod (13) supporting the holding plate (12) has a vertically divided two-part structure, and the holding plate (12) is pivotally attached to each other so as to be rotatable in the front-back direction, and
When the ice board (C) collides with the tip of the holding plate (12) by connecting the lower part of the pivotal portion to each other with a shearable pin or the like, the pin is sheared and the holding plate (12) is removed. You may make it rotate backward. In this way, since a large impact force is not applied to the support body (8), it is prevented from breaking.

The inner surfaces of the rear end portions of the left and right second floating bodies (2) are connected to the upper end portions of the central portions of the second floating bodies (2).
Attached to the left and right inner surfaces of the trapezoidal reinforcing member (16) in plan view and to the rear surface of the front are cushion pads (17) such as rubber that can come into contact with the left and right ports of the ship (B) and the bow. Has been.

In addition, a support body (8) fixed to the upper surface of the second floating body (2) is supported laterally on the inner surface of the rear end portion of the left and right mounting rods (8a) and at a position close to the bow. At the center of the lateral connecting rod (8b) of the body (8), a buffer rod made of hard rubber or the like that can come into contact with the upper surfaces of the left and right sides of the ship (B) and the upper surface of the bow.
(18) is projected. As will be described later, the buffer rod (18) has a function of preventing the entire device from sinking due to its reaction force when the center wedge (4) scoops up the ice board (C).

(19) is placed on top of the support (8),
A balance weight for adjusting the buoyancy of the first and second floating bodies (1) and (2).

In order to mount the ice-breaking device (A) of the above embodiment on the ship (B), a substantially forward U-shaped space between the first floating body (1) and the second floating bodies (2) and (2) is used. Insert the front end of the ship (B) into the front from the front, and then use the two wires with the turnbuckle (20).
(21) Attach the shackles (22) at both ends in (21) to each second floating body.
(2) Fasten the turnbuckles by fixing them to the locking metal fittings (23) fixed to the upper rear end of the ship and the upper rear end of the left and right sides of the ship (B).
Only by rotating the (20) and tensioning the wire (21), the work can be performed extremely easily.

Next, an example of ice crushing using the ice crusher (A) will be described. First, with the icebreaker (A) attached to the ship (B), the balance weight (19) is used to adjust the sinking amount of the entire device so that the tip of the center wedge (4)
It should be lower than the bottom surface of the ice board (C) frozen on the sea surface, and the operation handles (14) of the left and right presser devices (10)
Is rotated to adjust the vertical position of the presser plate (12) to be lower than the rear half of the center wedge (4).

When the ship (B) is propelled in this state, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 3, the ice floe (C) is first scooped up by the tip of the center wedge (4) to ride on the upper surface of the ice floe (C) near the front end of the first floating body (1). ) Cracks in the left-right direction.

When the ship (B) further advances and the ice board (C) reaches the latter half of the center wedge (4) where the inclination is large, a part of the ice board (C) around the first floating body (1) is reached. ) Is ruptured, its upper surface contacts the left and right holding plates (12),
By forcibly pressing downward, they are separated right and left in the vicinity of the center wedge (4) and the side wedge (4a).

The separated ice pieces (D) and (D) slide rearward along the left and right side wedges (4a) and the upper surfaces of the ice guide guides (6), and the inclined portions (5a) of the center guide (5). ) And is guided to the left and right by the side guide (7) and is removed on the ice board (C) on the side of the ship (B).

As described above, the ice breaking device (A) of the above embodiment
If you use, the crushed ice pieces (D) are removed on the ice plate (C) on the side of the ship (B), so it is prevented from remaining as floating ice on the track and blocking the route. It

Further, by simply attaching the ice breaker (A) to an existing small vessel or the like, it is possible to crush the frozen ice board (C) in a port where it is difficult for the icebreaker to enter the port and to secure a route. , When not in use, remove the ice breaker (A) and ship (B)
Since it can be used for the original work, it has a great economic effect compared to the case of manufacturing a dedicated icebreaker.

Further, unlike the usual icebreaker, the icebreaker (A) of the present invention crushes ice while scooping up the ice board (C), so it can be used by mounting it on a ship with a relatively small propulsive force. Moreover, there is no possibility of damaging the ship (B).

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. In the above embodiment, the first floating body (1) and the second floating body
Although (2) is formed as a separate body and is coupled to each other, in the case of a relatively small ice-breaking device (A), they may be integrally formed.

It is needless to say that the front and rear, left and right, and the vertical size and shape of the first and second floating bodies (1) and (2) can be appropriately changed depending on the size of the ship (B) and the shape of the front end portion. .

Depending on the thickness of the ice board (C) to be crushed, one or two of the left and right side wedges (4a), the ice guide (6) and the pressing device (10) or All may be omitted.

[0044]

According to the invention described in claim 1, when it is attached to the front end portion of a ship and propelled, the ice plate frozen to the sea surface,
After being scooped up by the tip of the center wedge and crushed by the inclined surface at the upper end, it is distributed to the left and right sides by the left and right inclined surfaces on the front face of the center guide, and is removed on the side ice plate of the ship. Therefore, it is prevented that the crushed ice pieces remain as floating ice on the track of the ship and block the route.

Further, the ice-breaking device of the present invention can be easily attached to an existing small vessel, etc., and crushes ice sheets frozen in a port where it is difficult for the ice-breaking vessel to enter the port, thereby securing a route for fishing vessels and the like. be able to. Moreover, when not in use, the ice-breaking device can be removed and the ship can be used for its original work, so it is more economical than when a dedicated ice-breaking ship is manufactured or the ship is suspended for a long period of time. Is big. Further, since the ice board is crushed while being scooped up, it can be attached to a ship with a small propulsive force and there is no fear of damaging the ship.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the upper surfaces of the left and right sides of the ice board mounted on the center wedge are
Since it is pressed by the pressing plates of the pair of pressing devices, it is possible to easily crush even a relatively thick ice disk.

According to the third aspect of the invention, by adjusting the height of the pressing plate according to the thickness of the ice board, the ice board can be effectively crushed.

According to the fourth aspect of the invention, the ice pieces crushed by the center wedge and the pressing device can be smoothly slid rearward and quickly removed by the center guide to the left and right sides.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, even small crushed ice pieces can be safely removed to the left and right sides via the upper surface of the ice guide and the front surface of the center guide.

According to the sixth aspect of the invention, the ice breaking device can be easily attached to the front end of the ship, and
The ice breaking device is prevented from moving largely in the left-right direction with respect to the ship.

According to the seventh aspect of the invention, it is extremely easy to attach and detach the ice breaking device to and from the ship.

According to the invention described in claim 8, the reaction force when the ice board is scooped up can act on the ship via the rod and prevent the entire ice breaking device from sinking, so that the ice board can be reliably secured. It can be scooped up and crushed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a state where an ice breaking device of the present invention is attached to a ship.

FIG. 2 is likewise a plan view.

FIG. 3 is likewise a front view of only the ice crusher.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of a main part as seen from the line IV-IV of FIG. 1 and an explanatory view showing an example of crushed ice on an ice board.

[Explanation of symbols]

(1) First floating body (2) Second floating body (3) Reinforcing rod (4) Center wedge (4a) Side wedge (5) Center guide (5a) Slope (slope) (6) Ice guide (7) Side guide (8) Support (9) Support rod (10) Presser device (11) Bracket (12) Holding plate (13) Lifting rod (14) Operation handle (15) Male screw rod (16) Reinforcement member (17) Buffer pad (18) Buffer rod (19) Balance weight (20) Turnbuckle (21) Wire (22) Shackle (23) Locking bracket (A) Ice breaker (B) Ship (C) Ice board (D) Ice pieces

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Hiroki Nishimura             Sapporo City Nishi-ku Hachiken 3jo Nishi 4-chome 3-9 (72) Inventor Katsuhiko Sugimori             2-3 Mizumoto-cho, Muroran-shi, Hokkaido

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A floating body having a lateral width at least equivalent to the width of the vessel, which can be attached to the front end portion of the vessel so as to project forward of the bow, and a front-back direction in a substantially central portion of the upper surface of the front end portion of the floating body. A center wedge with a front downward slope that can be immersed below the ice board where the front end is about to break ice, and the upper surface of the floating body behind this center wedge, the height of the upper end of the center wedge is Ice breaker, which is erected so as to be higher than the height of the rear end, and is provided with a center guide whose front surface has a slope near the rear end of the center wedge and which has a forward-facing mountain shape in plan view. apparatus. 2. A presser plate capable of pressing an upper surface of an ice board mounted on a center wedge is provided at a lower end on both left and right sides of a support body projecting forward from an upper end of the center guide and facing forward.
The ice breaking device according to claim 1, further comprising a pair of pressing devices. 3. The ice crusher according to claim 2, wherein the pressing device is provided with a height adjusting means for the pressing plate. 4. A pair of side wedges, which are inclined downward toward the front, are provided on the left and right sides of the upper surface of the floating body, the height of the upper end being lower than the upper end of the center wedge. Ice breaker described. 5. The upper surface of the floating body immediately before the center guide,
The ice crushing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a pair of left and right plate-shaped ice guides which are smaller than the vertical dimension of the center guide and whose upper surface is a front-down inclined surface. 6. The ice crusher according to claim 1, wherein a rear half portion of the floating body is U-shaped in a front view in which a front end portion of the ship can be inserted. 7. The ice crusher according to claim 1, wherein the ship and the floating body are connected by at least two right and left wires having a tensioning means. 8. The ice crusher according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of rods are provided on the upper portion of the floating body so as to prevent the sinking of the floating body by abutting on the upper end of the ship's port.