JP2637753B2 - A ship unit that can navigate in the ice - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a ship unit capable of navigating in ice.

Recently, polar surveys, particularly Antarctic surveys, have become increasingly important. Its purpose is in scientific research in the polar regions, while it is also aimed at investigating, for example, underground resources in Antarctica.

Research vessels navigating the polar region throughout the season must have a hull that can withstand the polar ice, i.e., besides the ability as a transport platform to transport scientific research equipment, It must also have the ability to break ice. In addition, this type of research vessel has a structurally strong hull capable of resisting lateral forces from ice if it is forced to be surrounded by ice to achieve a specific research objective, such as for example, drift ice research. Must have.

Research vessels used for this kind of special purpose are very expensive, both in terms of development and in terms of production, and not only for the so-called developed nations who are keen on polar research, but also for developed countries. It is difficult to build and maintain a research vessel.

In addition, for countries that are blessed with a coastline and are conducting polar surveys while conducting extensive oceanographic surveys, it is important that research vessels can be used for both polar and ice-free ocean surveys. Research vessels that cannot navigate in ice also have significant manufacturing costs. To conduct a polar survey, a research vessel capable of navigating in ice will be chartered, but considerable additional cost will be required to manufacture and maintain a research vessel that cannot navigate in ice. Cost.

In order for ships unable to navigate in the ice to navigate in the ice sea, this type of ship unit can be formed by a driving boat and a shoe part capable of floating with ice-breaking function, the German magazine Hansa, 1986. May, No. 9, page 777. However, in this ship unit, most of the exposed side of the driving boat can be damaged by ice, especially if it is berthed in ice for a long time, and if it turns in ice.

It is an object of the present invention that a ship that cannot normally navigate in ice can be used as a driving ship, can also overcome the ice layer of polar marine oceans, and can navigate without damaging the driving ship. It is to provide such a ship unit as possible.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the following features.
According to the paragraph, a driving boat that cannot navigate in the ice and a shoe part that has a function of ice breaking and can float, the shoe part opens toward the stern and allows the bow of the driving boat to enter. A boat unit capable of navigating in ice, the boat unit having a hollow portion for receiving a portion of the driving boat and having a shoe portion connectable to a bow of the driving boat to form a boat unit; The depth of the portion in the longitudinal direction of the shoe portion is such that when the shoe portion receives the driving boat, only the driving portion of the driving boat projects from the shoe portion.

Further, according to claim 17, there is provided a driving boat which cannot navigate in ice and a shoe portion capable of floating with an ice breaking function, and the shoe portion is opened toward the stern to drive the boat. A ship unit capable of navigating in ice, the shoe unit being connectable to the drive ship to have a cutout for entering the ship and receiving a portion of the drive ship to form a ship unit; The stern of the driving boat enters the hollow part, the shoe part can be connected to the stern of the driving boat, and the depth of the hollow part in the longitudinal direction of the shoe part is:
It is characterized in that only the bow region of the driving boat protrudes from the shoe section when the shoe section receives the driving boat.

An advantage of this type of boat unit is that only the shoe section connected to the driving boat needs to have ice breaking capability. In general, it is known that the maximum load acts on the bow area of a ship when sailing in ice, and the maximum load acts on the stern area when the ship moves backward. For this reason, the bow area of a ship specially manufactured as an icebreaker is provided with a special structure so that it can resist ice. The shoe unit of the ship unit according to the present invention is configured exactly the same as the bow of an icebreaker. For example, the bow of the shoe section may be a TNSW-Wa as is known in the art.
It is configured as a bow and has extremely good ice breaking characteristics.

The stern of the shoe portion has a cut-out portion for allowing the bow or stern of the driving ship to enter, and connecting means for connecting the shoe portion and the driving ship is provided in the entire region of the bow region or the stern region. Therefore, a ship unit that is stable in the longitudinal direction of the ship unit can be provided.

The depth of the cut-out portion is such that only the driving portion of the drive boat projects from the shoe portion, that is, the rudder and the screw mainly project from the shoe portion. Alternatively, when the shoe portion is provided at the stern of the driving boat, the depth is such that the bow area of the driving boat protrudes. This configuration is advantageous, especially if the driven boat cannot withstand the small lateral forces of ice due to its constructional reasons. In this case, the shoe part which laterally surrounds most of the driving boat is configured to be able to resist this lateral force.

The cutout can be arbitrarily configured to receive the bow or stern of the driven vessel not only in its depth but also in terms of shape, i.e., for ships that drive the shoe section and have their own bow or stern. Advantageously, the cutout can be adapted to the shape of the drive boat in the longitudinal direction of the shoe, at least in the area above the water, and has a suitable conical cross-section. .

Advantageously, the recess with a recess is formed in a U-shape in the longitudinal direction of the shoe, so that the structure of different driving boats can be connected to different ship types or stern regions. It is. In this case, the cutout portion is defined by a cutout portion side portion parallel to the longitudinal direction of the shoe portion at least in the water area, and the cutout portion,
The end face on the bow side of the shoe portion is substantially parallel to the width direction of the shoe portion. The U-shaped recess allows not only to receive the bow or stern region of the drive boat that is not formed in a conical cross section, but also a relatively flat but pointed bow or stern region. Can also be accepted.

In connection with the aforementioned configuration of the shoe portion in a U-shape, the width of the shoe portion is approximately equal to the width of the driving boat. In this case, when configuring the ship unit, it is necessary to configure the bow area or the stern area of the driving boat so as to fit the U-shaped cutout of the shoe section. In this embodiment, the running characteristics of the ship unit are favorable because the side of the shoe section is substantially in line with the side of the driving boat and therefore only a relatively small vortex is formed between the bow or stern and the driving boat. .

The means for connecting the driving boat and the shoe part is basically arbitrary. If, for example, the drive boat and the shoe section are not particularly adapted to each other in the cutout area or in the bow or stern area, the drive boat and the shoe section are connected by a flexible fixing means such as a rope and / or a chain. Advantageously.

However, if the bow or stern of the ship is structurally adapted appropriately to the recess of the shoe section, then the area of the recess of the shoe section and the appropriate position of the bow or stern area of the driving boat should be positioned relative to each other. Cooperating and detachable connection devices are fixedly provided. In this embodiment, the ship units can be connected more reliably when used for a specific purpose, as compared with the case where flexible fixing means are used. The coupling device can be operated and controlled electrically, hydraulically, or in any other suitable manner, and does not require deck personnel to perform the coupling process.

If the bottom area of the driving boat is structurally weak and / or in order to simplify the connection process, the shoe part is configured in its recessed area or entirely like a floating dock, so that the driving boat The shoe and the shoe portion are connected to each other when the driving boat docks. In this case, basically, the shoe part can have a floor in the area of the cut-out part, but the floor may not be completely present.

In order to carry out the connection process, i.e. to connect and disconnect the two parts of the ship unit, the shoe part and the drive boat may have a settling means for lowering at least a part thereof, i.e. the drive boat and the shoe. The part can have a water filling chamber for submerging within predetermined limits by water pouring.

With the above arrangement, a relatively simple but very robust and effective coupling device is obtained. In this case, the coupling device is formed on the shoe in the form of at least two recesses opening in the direction of the cutout, while the coupling device provided on the drive boat has at least two supports mounted in said recesses of the shoe. Formed by pins. Depending on whether the recess opens in the direction of the deck of the shoe part or in the direction of its bottom, the driving boat is hooked into the recess of the shoe part by its support pin, or the shoe part is driven by the driving boat. Hang on the support pin. After engagement, the recess is fixed by a suitable locking device, so that the support pin is securely held in the recess.

The shoe unit and the driving boat can be firmly connected so that they do not move relative to each other when the boat unit is connected. Such an arrangement is particularly advantageous when the driven boat forms the majority of the ship unit for reasons of displacement.

In embodiments where the shoe portion is formed relatively large compared to the drive boat, the drive unit may be driven relative to the shoe unit with at least one degree of freedom to stabilize the ship unit. Advantageously, the ship and the shoe part are connected. In the case of this type of connection, the connecting device can be formed, for example, as a link device in which parts of the links can be separated from one another or assembled to form one link.

Next, some embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1a is a diagram showing an embodiment of a ship unit according to the invention in which the shoe section surrounds the area of the drive and steering device of the driving ship, FIG. 1b is a cross-sectional view of the ship unit of FIG. 1c is a cross-sectional view taken along line AB of FIG. 1b, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the bow area of the driving boat, also showing the coupling device formed as a support pin, and FIG. 3 is formed as a recess. FIG. 6 is an internal perspective view of a side portion of a cut-out portion of a shoe portion, which also shows the connected device and a fixing pin attached thereto.

The ship unit 10 mainly includes a driving ship 11 and a shoe unit 12. The shoe portion 12 has an ice breaking bow 13 and a stern 14. The icebreak bow 13 is formed similarly to the bow of a normal icebreaker. Basically, the ice breaking bow 13 of the shoe part 12 can be configured to have the same structure as the bow of a normal ice breaking boat. Particularly, the configuration of the ice breaking bow 13 of the shoe section 12 is TNSW-
Waas-type is suitable.

Shoe section 12 (for its configuration, bow 15 of drive boat 11
Can be coupled to the stern 150 of the driving boat 11 without limitation.

For convenience, the shoe portion 12 connected to the bow 15 of the driving boat 11 will be described below for convenience.

The shoe section shown in FIGS. 1a to 1c has an empty cargo compartment, ie this embodiment of the shoe section 12 is basically only used as an ice breaking shoe section 12.

The shoe portion 12 has a cutout portion 16. Cutout
The opening 16 opens toward the stern 14 of the shoe portion 12 so that the bow 15 of the driving ship can enter. In the embodiment shown and described, the shoe part 12 itself can of course float.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1a and 1b, the bow 15 of the driving boat 11 is formed in a conical cutting curve in the longitudinal direction of the boat. That is, the fuselage of the drive boat 11 extends in the bow region 18 in a parabolic or hyperbolic shape. Correspondingly, the cutout 16 is formed so that the two parts of the ship unit 10 are well fitted and a suitable connection of the two parts is obtained.

Corresponding cutouts in the bow area 18 of the driven boat 11
The fixing means 31 and 32 are also arranged in the 16 areas. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the drive boat 11 and the shoe section 12 are connected via the fixing means 31, 32. These fixing means and their functions will be described in more detail later.

In the embodiment of the ship unit 10 shown in FIGS. 1a and 1b, the cut-out 16 has a depth 19 in the longitudinal direction of the shoe, as follows: Most of 21 has a depth 19 to be received in the cutout 16. In this embodiment, only the drive portion (the portion including the drive screw and the steering device) 22 of the drive boat 11 protrudes from the shoe portion 12. This embodiment allows the use of a driven boat 11 that cannot be driven through the ice for structural reasons, i.e., which is vulnerable to lateral forces due to ice acting laterally on the side of the ship. In the embodiment of the shoe portion 12 shown in FIGS. 1a and 1b, a floor is provided in the area of the cutout portion 16, but the floor may not be provided.

The shoe part 12 has a loading chamber 33 capable of storing a solid and / or liquid cargo. The shoe portion 12 has its own special hoisting device so that an external hoisting device does not have to be used for loading and unloading cargo. The lifting device can be formed, for example, as a crane. Although not specifically shown here, the shoe unit 12 can include an auxiliary device for self-supply of energy and a heating device for heating the tank of the liquid cargo. The shoe portion 12 of this embodiment can be used as a research platform after being used as a ship unit 10 at a specific place in an extremely cold water area. This type of platform has its own auxiliary device for supplying energy, as already explained. Also, a dormitory for deck personnel and investigators can be provided on the shoe section 12. This way,
The shoe part can be used not only as a research platform or a loading platform, but also as a residential platform. For this purpose, for example, the shoe part 12
When using as a supply base of the research team, the shoe unit 12 can have a helicopter landing site.

The length of the shoe portion 12 can be selected in a wide range as needed. The configuration of the shoe portion 12 is also selected so as to conform to the use conditions. For example, when transporting a liquid cargo, the shoe part is divided so that a part of the cell does not hit the outer shell part of the shoe part, and if the outer shell part is damaged, liquid that pollutes the environment will be around. Avoid release.

However, basically, it is safe to divide the shoe portion 12 so small that the boat unit 10 does not sink when one or a plurality of divided portions of the shoe portion 12 are damaged.

For example, a sloped loading platform that can be unloaded to the point of use can be provided on the shoe section 12 for loading and unloading ro-ro vessels on continental shelves, icebergs, or other moored equipment.

In all embodiments of the ship unit 10 described above, the drive ship
The connection between 11 and shoe part 12 can basically be made by any flexible fixing means such as a chain or a rope. As the fixing means, detachable connecting devices which cooperate with each other in the region of the cutout portion 16 of the shoe portion 12 and in the appropriate position of the region 18 of the bow 15 of the driving boat 11 can be fixed. These connecting devices are electrically connected, for example.
Being able to be operated or controlled hydraulically or in any other way, the connection and disconnection of the ship units can be performed completely automatically. In this case, the connecting means is, for example, the driving boat 11
The two parts of the ship unit can be configured to be connected when approaching to enter the inside of the ship.

In another embodiment in which the driving boat 11 and the shoe section 12 are connected, the driving boat 11 or the shoe section 12 is slightly settled. With this configuration, the connecting means can be engaged with each other. For this purpose, the driving boat 11 and the shoe section 12
And a sedimentation means such as a tank for pouring and draining water, and at least a part thereof can be settled. The coupling device for carrying out such a coupling process comprises a shoe 12 having at least two recesses 31 opening in the direction of the cutout 16.
While the coupling device is connected to the bow area 18 of the driving boat 11.
Next, it is formed by two support pins 32 mounted in the recesses 31 of the shoe portion 12 (FIGS. 2 and 3). After these connecting devices are engaged, the connection can be ensured by a lock mechanism 36 such as a bar.

Basically, the shoe part 12 and the driving boat 11 can be firmly connected, but the relative movement of the driving boat 11 with respect to the shoe section 12 can be made with at least one degree of freedom.

When the shoe portion 12 is wider than the driving boat 11, the stern 14 of the shoe portion 12 can have ice breaking ability and / or deicing ability, for example, according to the principle of a hammer bow.

In particular, a research boat is used as the drive boat 11 for forming the boat unit 10.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-60-88693 (JP, A) US Patent 3530814 (US, A) US Patent 3,278,833 (US, A) US Patent 3,545,395 (US, A) The Society of Shipbuilding Engineers of Japan “Revised Ship Engineering Handbook (Second Volume)” is published by Corona Co., Ltd. (Showa 54-7-25). P. 18-20

Claims (32)

(57) [Claims] 1. A driving boat (11) that cannot navigate in ice and a shoe section (12) capable of floating with ice breaking function, and the shoe section (12) is provided on a stern (14) of the stern (14). Open to the front and let the bow (15) of the driving boat (11)
Navigating in ice, having a cutout (16) for receiving a portion of the boat, wherein a shoe (12) can be connected to the bow (15) of the driving boat (11) to form a ship unit In the ship unit, the depth (19) of the hollow portion (16) in the longitudinal direction (17) of the shoe portion (12) is determined when the shoe portion (12) receives the driving boat (11). Driving part (22) of driving boat (11)
A ship unit characterized in that only a depth protrudes from the shoe part (12). 2. A drive boat (11) in which a hollow portion (16) is at least in a water area in a longitudinal direction (17) of a shoe portion (12).
2. The ship unit according to claim 1, wherein said ship unit has a conical cross-sectional shape. 3. A cutout (16) is defined by cutout side portions (24,25), at least in the water area, substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction (17) of the shoe portion (12). 2. The shoe according to claim 1, wherein an end face of the recessed portion on the bow side of the shoe portion is substantially parallel to a width direction of the shoe portion. Ship unit. 4. In the area of the recess (16) of the shoe part (12) and at an appropriate position in the area (18) of the bow (15) of the driving boat (11), they cooperate with each other and are detachable from each other. The connecting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the connecting device is fixed.
Ship unit according to any one of the preceding clauses. 5. A shoe (12) is formed as a floating dog in the area of the cutout (16), and the driving boat (11) and the shoe (12) are connected to each other by a dog. The ship unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the ship unit can be connected to each other by being inserted. 6. A shoe according to claim 1, wherein the shoe has a settling means for sinking at least a part thereof. Ship unit. 7. The ship according to claim 1, wherein the drive boat has a sinking means for sinking at least a part thereof. Ship unit. 8. The shoe (12) in the form of at least two recesses (31) opening in the direction of the cut-out (16), while the coupling device is formed on the shoe region (12) while the bow region (11) of the drive boat (11). 1
8) a connecting device provided at least two support pins (32) mounted in the recesses (31) of the shoe part (12);
Claim 6 characterized by being formed by
Or a ship unit according to item 7. 9. The ship unit according to claim 1, wherein the shoe part (12) and the driving boat (11) are firmly connected. . 10. The driving boat (11) and the shoe section (12) are connected so that the driving boat (11) can move relative to the shoe section (12) with at least one degree of freedom. The ship unit according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: 11. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the shoe is connected to the drive boat by means of a flexible fixing means. A ship unit as described in. 12. A method according to claim 1, wherein said shoe portion has a load chamber for receiving a solid and / or liquid load. The ship unit according to any one of the above. 13. The shoe part (12) has a replenishing device for self-supplying its energy and a heating device for heating a tank for a liquid cargo. A ship unit according to any one of the preceding clauses. 14. A shoe according to claim 1, wherein said shoe portion has a lifting device for unloading and discharging the load. Ship unit described in one. 15. A vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the driving ship is a research ship.
Ship unit described in one. 16. The stern (14) of the shoe portion (12) has an ice breaking ability and / or deicing ability.
A ship unit according to any one of claims 1 to 15. 17. A driving boat (11) which cannot navigate in ice;
A shoe portion (12) having an ice-breaking function and capable of floating, the shoe portion (12) being opened toward the stern (14) to allow the driving boat (11) to enter the driving boat (11). A ship capable of navigating in ice, having a cut-out (16) for receiving a portion of the boat, wherein a shoe (12) is connectable to a driving boat (11) to form a boat unit; In the unit, the stern (150) of the driving boat (11) enters the unrolling section (16), and the shoe section (12) is moved to the stern (15) of the driving boat (11).
0), and the depth (19) of the cutout portion (16) in the longitudinal direction (17) of the shoe portion (12) is such that the shoe portion (12) receives the driving boat (11). A ship unit characterized in that sometimes only the bow area (18) of the driving boat (11) is so deep as to protrude from the shoe part (12). 18. A driving boat (1) in which a hollow portion (16) is at least in a water area in a longitudinal direction (17) of a shoe portion (12).
18. The ship unit according to claim 17, wherein the ship unit conforms to the shape of 1) and has a conical cross-sectional shape. 19. A cutout (16) defined by cutout side portions (24, 25), at least in the water area, substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction (17) of the shoe portion (12). 18. The ship according to claim 17, wherein an end face of the pull-out portion (16) on a bow (13) side of the shoe portion (12) is substantially parallel to a width direction of the shoe portion. unit. 20. At an appropriate position in the area of the cutout section (16) of the shoe section (12) and the stern area (180) of the driving boat (11),
20. The ship unit according to any one of claims 17 to 19, characterized in that connecting devices which cooperate with each other and are detachable from each other are fixedly provided. 21. A shoe portion (12) having a cut-out portion (16).
The driving boat (11) and the shoe portion (12) can be connected to each other by inserting the driving boat (11) into the dog. 21. The ship unit according to any one of claims 17 to 20, wherein: 22. A method according to claim 17, wherein the shoe part has a settling means for causing at least a part of the shoe part to settle. Ship unit. 23. The drive boat (11) according to any one of claims 17 to 22, characterized in that it has sinking means for sinking at least a part thereof. Ship unit. 24. The coupling device is formed in the shoe part (12) in the form of at least two recesses (31) opening in the direction of the cut-out part (16), while the stern area of the driving boat (11). 20. The device according to claim 19, wherein the coupling device provided at (180) is formed by at least two support pins (32) mounted in the recesses (31) of the shoe part (12). Ship unit according to paragraph. 25. A ship unit according to claim 17, wherein the shoe part (12) and the driving boat (11) are firmly connected. . 26. The driving boat (11) and the shoe section (12) are connected so that the driving boat (11) can move relative to the shoe section (12) with at least one degree of freedom. A ship unit according to any one of claims 17 to 25, characterized in that: 27. The method according to claim 17, wherein the shoe part is connected to the driving boat by flexible fixing means. Ship unit described in one. 28. The method according to claim 17, wherein the shoe portion has a load chamber for receiving a solid and / or liquid load. The ship unit according to any one of the above. 29. The shoe according to claim 29, wherein the shoe part has an auxiliary device for self-supply of the energy and a heating device for heating the tank for the liquid cargo. Ship unit according to any one of paragraphs 17 to 28. 30. The shoe part according to claim 17, wherein the shoe portion has a lifting device for unloading and discharging the load. A ship unit as described in. 31. A vehicle according to any one of claims 17 to 30, wherein the driving ship (11) is a research ship.
Ship unit described in one. 32. The stern (14) of the shoe portion (12) has ice breaking ability and / or deicing ability.
A ship unit according to any one of claims 17 to 31.