CN115136861B - Xinjiang summer sowing soybean high-yield high-efficiency cultivation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation method for Xinjiang summer-sown soybeans, wherein the summer-sown soybeans are planted in a wide and narrow row of 15+35 cm; the specific operation is carried out according to the following steps: a. selecting varieties; b. planting mode: adopting a drip irrigation wide-narrow row planting mode under a film; c. water fertilizer transportation operation; d. foliar fertilizer; e. chemical control adjustment; f. weeding: weeding in soil and stem and leaf after seedling; g. pest control; h. harvesting. The method is characterized in that the method is implemented by the steps of variety selection, planting mode determination, water and fertilizer operation and chemical regulation, a wide and narrow row planting mode of drip irrigation under a film is adopted, the planting row and sowing track of the summer sowing soybean is a straight line sowing track of each row, and soil fertilizer organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer or single chemical fertilizer are applied in the whole growth period, and the method has the characteristics of obvious high yield, high quality and simplicity in combination with simplicity analysis.

Description

Xinjiang summer sowing soybean high-yield high-efficiency cultivation method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of Xinjiang soybean planting, in particular to a high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation method for Xinjiang summer sowing soybeans.

Background

According to differences of natural climate conditions, cultivation systems, variety ecological types, development histories, distribution and ranges of soybean production, the soybean is divided into 5 large areas mainly by cooking in the first stage, and 7 subregions are divided into regions with larger natural condition differences in regions in the large areas in the second stage. According to the soybean region of China, xinjiang belongs to the northern spring soybean region and the northwest spring soybean subregion. However, in recent years, the planting mode of Xinjiang soybean has changed over the sky, the area of spring sowing soybean has been reduced sharply, and the northern Xinjiang re-sowing soybean and southern Xinjiang re-sowing soybean become main bodies of Xinjiang soybean, so that the original division cannot adapt to the requirement of developing and changing the Xinjiang soybean industry, and the new modification and perfection of the Xinjiang soybean area is urgently needed, so that the situation of the Xinjiang soybean industry can be fully reflected.

According to different regional planting modes, developing and matching high-yield high-efficiency cultivation technologies in all regions, constructing a green high-yield high-efficiency cultivation technology mode of soybean in China, wherein northeast regions and inner Mongolia regions are mainly in a ridge three cultivation mode, huang-Huai-Hai regions are mainly in wheat stubble no-tillage cultivation technology, south regions are mainly in intercropping cultivation technology, northern regions in Xinjiang are mainly in film drip irrigation and water and fertilizer integrated planting technology, southern regions are mainly in flat-planting narrow-row close planting technology, and Liaoning province academy of agricultural sciences adopts Liaoning 21051 to obtain the yield of 328.2 kg/mu in 2000; the national soybean engineering technology research center creates a high-yield record of 326 kg/mu by using cultivation measures such as chemical control, drip irrigation and the like by using 'Longjia No. 1'; the small area breakthrough of Ningxia induced high-yield ultrahigh-yield varieties is 350 kg/mu, in recent years, under the 'ten hundred million' high-yield attack of the national soybean industry technical system, a reproducible high-yield high-efficiency template is manufactured in various places, the research level of soybean high-yield cultivation technology in Xinjiang areas is in the leading position in China, wherein the research institute of crop variety resources in Xinjiang agricultural academy of sciences continuously innovates the high-yield record of soybean in Xinjiang summer, and 10 times of national high-yield records of soybean are created in the scientific research institute of crop in Xinjiang agricultural academy of China.

However, as the planting mode of Xinjiang soybean is changed from spring sowing soybean to spring sowing soybean, the area of the northern Xinjiang re-sowing soybean and the southern Xinjiang re-sowing soybean are changed into the main body of the Xinjiang soybean in recent years, the corresponding cultivation measures are also changed gradually, the existing summer sowing soybean cultivation measures are mostly produced by improving on the basis of the original spring sowing soybean cultivation measures, and as the growth period, the growth environment and the like of the summer sowing soybean are different from those of the spring sowing soybean, the improved cultivation measures are not suitable for planting the summer sowing soybean, and as the cultivation area of the summer sowing soybean is continuously enlarged, new technology for high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation management of the summer sowing soybean matched with the ecological environment of the Xinjiang is urgently needed to be developed.

In order to achieve the goal of high yield and high efficiency of Xinjiang soybeans, soybean experts have developed a great deal of work in the aspects of variety breeding, cultivation measure optimization and the like in recent years from respective fields, including breeding high-quality varieties, optimizing water and fertilizer supply, improving water and fertilizer utilization rate, improving mechanical equipment, improving harvest mode, reducing loss rate and breakage rate and the like, but at present, due to the undefined research thought, the work is respectively array, the technology lacks of systematicness, the researchers have fewer factors, and the like, so that measures are not appropriate, and the stability of a plurality of technical effects is poor, even worse.

Through a large number of investigation studies, it has been shown that: the current summer sowing soybean suitable for planting in Xinjiang is few in varieties, most farmers still take the spring sowing soybean planted before, the growth period of the summer sowing soybean is far less than that of the spring sowing soybean, so that the soybean is immature at the time of harvesting, and the quality of the finally harvested soybean is poor.

For the systematic research and development of the Xinjiang summer sowing soybean high-yield high-efficiency cultivation method, the invention definitely improves the sowing and harvesting modes to be key break-open under the premise of stabilizing single yield, and a specific idea for solving the problem is provided: the soybean plant cultivation method has the advantages that the soybean plant cultivation method has to be provided with corresponding precocity, high yield, plant type suitability, plant robustness and the like, the soybean group structure, particularly the improvement of group plant and line spacing configuration, and the development of novel technology for high-yield and high-efficiency matched cultivation of summer-sowed soybeans in the group environment, including line spacing planting modes of 30cm and the like, are emphasized, so that the normal growth and development of summer-sowed soybeans are promoted, the soybean field group structure is optimized, the shading rate of soybean leaves is improved, the illumination of field weeds is reduced, the growth of the weeds is limited, the harm of the weeds in the soybean growing process is reduced, the management of the soybean field is simplified, and the high yield is higher than that of the conventional planting mode.

The soybean is an important source for people to ingest nutrients such as protein, but the self-sufficiency rate of the soybean in China is less than 20 percent and more than 80 percent of the soybean comes from import, and Xinjiang is taken as a main production area of the soybean in China, so that the improvement of the soybean yield value in Xinjiang has important significance for improving the self-sufficiency rate of the soybean in China.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation method for Xinjiang summer soybean, which aims to solve the problems that the current sowing mode of Xinjiang soybean in the market is not standard and the yield is low in the background technology.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation method for Xinjiang summer-sown soybeans comprises the steps that summer-sown soybean planting rows are each linear sowing track, and the linear sowing tracks are uniformly arranged along the straight lines by a plurality of seed holes; the method is characterized in that: the specific operation is carried out according to the following steps:

a. selecting varieties: the breeding period of the soybean variety selected in the south China is 88-95 days, the breeding period of the soybean variety selected in the North China is 85 days, the plant height of the soybean variety selected in the south China is 65-70cm, the average number of the pods is 20-25, the number of the single plant is 12-15, and the bottom pod height is 8-10cm;

b. planting mode: adopting a drip irrigation wide-narrow row planting mode under the mulch film, wherein the mulch film is 140cm wide, the mulch film is 125cm wide, the film thickness is 0.01mm, the summer sowing soybean sowing selection precision dibbler, the trend of the planting rows is north-south, the visible mulch film width of the lighting surfaces at the two sides of the mulch film is 5-10cm, the sowing track of each row is straight, the plant spacing is 10cm, the row spacing is 15+35cm wide and narrow, and the sowing density is 36000-38000 plants/666.7 m ² The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The drip irrigation belt adopts a mulching film to arrange 3 drip irrigation belts, and the drip irrigation beltsLaying at the narrow row position;

c. water operation: the sandy loam soybean field is dripped 5-7 times in the whole growth period, sandy soil is dripped 6-8 times in the whole growth period, the dripping time is 7 months 5-7 months 10 days, and the water quantity is 25-30m each time except the last water ³ The water dripping time of the last time is 9 months 15 days-9 months 20 days, and the water dripping amount is 35-40m ³ Per mu;

d. fertilizer operation: comprises the steps of applying soil fertilizer and spraying foliar fertilizer: the soil fertilizer is organic fertilizer plus chemical fertilizer or single chemical fertilizer, the organic fertilizer is decomposed by 1.5 t-2 t per mu, the soil fertilizer is prepared by one-time application of base fertilizer before soil preparation, 5 kg-8 kg of urea, 15 kg-25 kg of diamine phosphate, 8 kg-10 kg of potassium sulfate and 28 kg-40 kg of total amount are used as seed fertilizers, and the seed fertilizers are prevented from parity by deep fertilization;

e. foliar fertilizer: spraying for 3-4 times, wherein the dosage of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and urea is 50.0-200.0 g/mu and the dosage of urea is 50.0-200.0 g/mu;

f. and (3) chemical adjustment: for the land with overgrowing vigor, 10-20g of mepiquat chloride can be added with 30kg of water to be sprayed on leaves at the beginning of the flowering period;

g. weeding method

Soil sealing and weeding: after ploughing, every 666.7m before harrowing and grinding by using a combined soil preparation machine ² The soil can be sprayed mechanically with 100 ml-150 ml of 96% of metolachlor (golden' er) and 10g of +50% of flumioxazin, and 30kg of water is added for closed weeding;

weeding the stem and leaf after seedling: each 666.7m when 2-3 leaves of soybean and 2-4 leaves of weed are used ² 50 ml-60 ml of 5% quizalofop-p-ethyl can be used, 100ml of 48% bentazone can be added, and 30kg of water can be added for spraying;

h. pest control

Controlling soil insects: the pesticide is used for seed dressing to prevent and treat soil insects, seedling pests and root diseases. 100kg soybean seeds were coated with 400ml of a suspension seed coating (singe) with 6.25% fludioxonil mefenoxam;

preventing and treating red spider: when the field spot-plating happens, spraying and controlling can be carried out by using 2000 times of liquid of 1.8% avermectin emulsifiable concentrate or 4000 times of liquid of 40% spirodiclofen suspending agent;

i. harvesting

And (3) manually harvesting 10% of plants when leaves are not fallen, and mechanically combine-harvesting when leaves and stalks are completely fallen and beans are rounded.

Preferably, the sowing time is generally about 6 months and about 20 days, and the latest time is not more than 7 months and 1 day. Summer sowing ensures soil moisture suitable early sowing as much as possible, and avoids missing the optimal sowing time.

Preferably, the soil fertilizer is applied in a mode of taking the fertilizer as a base fertilizer, the topdressing is carried out at the beginning of the flowering period and the pod bearing period of the soybean, the topdressing is carried out 5 times, 4kg of urea, 3 kg of monoammonium phosphate and 3 kg of potassium sulfate are applied per mu each time, and the fertilizer is applied into the soil in a mode of being applied along with water drops.

Ensuring good soil nutrition in the growth period of soybean and ensuring the normal growth and development of soybean.

Preferably, the natural height of the plant is controlled between 65 cm and 70cm.

The later mechanized harvesting and the management are convenient, and the loss during harvesting is reduced.

Preferably, spraying 2000 times of 1.8% avermectin emulsifiable concentrate or 4000 times of 40% spirodiclofen suspending agent for spray control during the disease;

the disease needs to be treated in time when the disease occurs, and the expansion of the disaster area is avoided.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the Xinjiang summer sowing soybean high-yield high-efficiency cultivation method is completed by the steps of variety selection, planting mode determination, water and fertilizer operation and chemical adjustment, adopts a drip irrigation mode with equal width and narrow rows under a film, and adopts a summer sowing soybean planting row sowing track as each row of linear sowing track, and soil fertilizer organic fertilizer plus chemical fertilizer or independent chemical fertilizer is applied in the whole growth period, and the implementation result shows that: the average summer sowing soybean yield is 300.0 kg/mu, the average summer sowing soybean yield is 100% higher than that of a control, the average mu plant number and hundred grain weight are 140% and 11% higher than that of the control, the average grain breakage rate and impurity rate are 5% lower than those of the control, and the method has the obvious characteristics of high yield, high quality and simplicity in combination with the simplicity analysis, so that the continuous development of the Xinjiang soybean industry can be promoted.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Embodiment one: the method is implemented in the Kaisha of Xinjiang in 2020, and the actual yield is 310.74 kg/mu

The invention provides a technical scheme that: a high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation method for Xinjiang summer-sown soybeans comprises the steps that summer-sown soybean planting rows are each linear sowing track, and the linear sowing tracks are uniformly arranged along the straight lines by a plurality of seed holes; the method is characterized in that: the specific operation is carried out according to the following steps:

a. selecting varieties: the growth period of the soybean variety planted in summer is 90 days, the soybean variety planted in summer is subjected to actual acceptance and check by an expert, the plant height of the soybean variety planted in summer is 59.74cm, the number of pods is 18.08, the number of single plant nodes is 13, the number of single plant grains is 41.34, the hundred grains weight is 19.70g, the leaf shape is round, the bottom pod height is 5.6cm, and the actual acceptance yield is 310.74 kg/mu;

b. planting mode: adopting a drip irrigation wide-narrow row planting mode under the mulch film, wherein the mulch film is 140cm wide, the mulch film surface is 125cm wide, the film thickness is 0.012mm, the summer sowing soybean sowing selection precision dibbler, the trend of the planting rows is north-south, the visible mulch film width of the lighting surfaces at the outer sides of the planting rows at two sides of the mulch film is 5cm, the sowing track of each row is a straight line, the plant spacing is 10cm, the row spacing is 15+35cm, and the sowing density is 42268 plants/666.7 m ² The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The drip irrigation belts are arranged in a mode that 3 drip irrigation belts are arranged by one mulch film, the drip irrigation belts are paved at narrow row positions, and the sowing time is 6 months and 28 days;

c. water operation: the soybean field is dripped for 6 times in the whole growth period, the dripping time is 7 months and 3 days, and the dripping amount of each time is 30m except the last water ³ The water dripping time of the last time is 9 months and 15 days per mu, and the water dripping amount is 40m ³ Per mu, the specific conditions are shown in Table 1;

d. fertilizer operation: comprises the steps of applying soil fertilizer and spraying foliar fertilizer: the soil fertilizer is organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer or single chemical fertilizer, 1.8t of decomposed organic fertilizer is applied to each mu of organic fertilizer, the organic fertilizer is applied once before soil preparation, 5kg of urea, 15kg of diamine phosphate and 10kg of potassium sulfate are applied to each mu of organic fertilizer, 30kg of total amount of the organic fertilizer is used as base fertilizer, the deep fertilization is not used for topdressing, the soil fertilizer is applied as base fertilizer, the topdressing is carried out in the flowering period and the pod bearing period of soybeans, 4kg of urea, 3 kg of monoammonium phosphate and 3 kg of potassium sulfate are applied to the soil in a mode of water drop following manner, and the specific conditions are shown in table 1;

table 1 details of use of summer sowing soybean water fertilizer

Time period	Urea/kg	Monoammonium phosphate/g	Potassium sulphate/g	Phosphoric diamine/kg	Water/m 3
						Before sowing	5		10	15
Flowering period	4	3	3	0	30
						Pod bearing period	4	3	3	0	30
Drum stage	4	3	3	0	30
						Drum stage	3	2	2	0	30
Drum stage	3	2	2	0	30
						Drum stage	1	2	2	0	30
Maturity stage	0	0	0	0	40

e. Foliar fertilizer: spraying for 3-4 times, wherein potassium dihydrogen phosphate and urea are selected, and the specific spraying time and the specific spraying amount are shown in Table 2;

f. and (3) chemical adjustment: for plots with overgrowing vigor, 10-20g of mepiquat chloride can be sprayed on 30kg of leaves after adding water at the beginning of the early flowering period, the natural height of the plants is controlled at 60cm, and the plants can be simultaneously combined with leaf fertilizers, and the details are shown in Table 2;

table 2 summer-sown soybean foliar fertilizer and chemical control adjustment details

Time period	Urea/g	Potassium dihydrogen phosphate/g	Mepiprazole/g	Water/kg
					Flowering period	50	50	10	30
Pod bearing period	100	100	15	30
					Earlier stage of drumming	100	200	20	30
Late stage of drumming	200	200		30

g. Weeding method

Soil sealing and weeding: after ploughing, every 666.7m before harrowing and grinding by using a combined soil preparation machine ² The soil can be sprayed mechanically with 120ml of 96% of metolachlor (golden' er) and 10g of 50% of flumioxazin, and 30kg of water for closed weeding;

weeding the stem and leaf after seedling: at the time of 3 compound leaves of soybean and 4 weed leaves, each 666.7m ² Spraying 50ml of 5% quizalofop-p-ethyl, 100ml of 48% bentazone and 30kg of water;

h. pest control

Controlling soil insects: the pesticide is used for seed dressing to prevent and treat soil insects, seedling pests and root diseases. 100kg soybean seeds are coated with 400ml of 6.25% fludioxonil metalaxyl suspension seed coating agent (smart song);

preventing and treating red spider: when the field spot-plating happens, spraying and controlling can be carried out by using 2000 times of liquid of 1.8% avermectin emulsifiable concentrate or 4000 times of liquid of 40% spirodiclofen suspending agent;

i. harvesting

Manually harvesting 10% of plants when leaves of the plants are not fallen, wherein the harvesting day is 9 months and 30 days; and (5) carrying out mechanical combine harvesting when the leaves and the leaf stalks are completely fallen and the beans are rounded.

Embodiment two: 2021 is implemented in the Kaisha of Xinjiang in the county of Jeep, and the actual yield is 330.39 kg/mu

The invention provides a technical scheme that: a high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation method for Xinjiang summer-sown soybeans comprises the steps that summer-sown soybean planting rows are each linear sowing track, and the linear sowing tracks are uniformly arranged along the straight lines by a plurality of seed holes; the method is characterized in that: the specific operation is carried out according to the following steps:

a. selecting varieties: the growth period of the summer sowing soybean variety is 90 days, the yield is proved and accepted by the expert, the plant height of the summer sowing soybean variety is 57.43cm, the number of pods is 22.48, the number of individual plant nodes is 12, the number of individual plant grains is 51.43, the hundred grains weight is 20.70g, the leaf shape is elliptical, the bottom pod height is 6.35cm, and the yield is 330.39 kg/mu;

b. planting mode: adopting a drip irrigation wide-narrow row planting mode under the mulch film, wherein the mulch film is 140cm wide, the film surface is 125cm wide, the film thickness is 0.010mm, the summer sowing soybean is sowed, a precise dibbler is selected, the trend of the planting rows is north-south, the width of the mulch film is 5cm when the lighting surfaces on the outer sides of the planting rows on the two sides of the mulch film are visible, the sowing track of each row is a straight line, the plant spacing is 10cm, the row spacing is 15+35cm, and the sowing density is 36945 plants/mu; the drip irrigation belts are arranged in a mode that 3 drip irrigation belts are arranged by one mulch film, the drip irrigation belts are paved at narrow row positions, and the sowing time is 6 months and 25 days;

c. water operation: the soybean field is dripped for 6 times in the whole growth period, the dripping time is 7 months and 5 days, and the dripping amount of each time is 30m except the last water ³ Per mu, the last dripping time is 9 months and 5 days, and the dripping amount is 40m ³ Per mu, the specific conditions are shown in Table 1;

d. fertilizer operation: comprises the steps of applying soil fertilizer and spraying foliar fertilizer: the soil fertilizer is organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer or single chemical fertilizer, 1.8t of decomposed organic fertilizer is applied to each mu of organic fertilizer, the organic fertilizer is applied once before soil preparation, 5kg of urea, 25kg of diamine phosphate and 10kg of potassium sulfate are applied to each mu of organic fertilizer, 40kg of total amount of the organic fertilizer is used as seed fertilizer, the seed fertilizer is contraindicated by sounding fertilization, the soil fertilizer is applied as a base fertilizer, topdressing is carried out in the flowering period and the pod bearing period of soybeans, 4kg of urea, 3 kg of monoammonium phosphate and 3 kg of potassium sulfate are applied to each mu of organic fertilizer, and the soil is applied in a mode of water drop;

table 3 details of use of summer sowing soybean water fertilizer

Time period	Urea/kg	Monoammonium phosphate/g	Potassium sulphate/g	Phosphoric diamine/kg	Water/m 3
						Before sowing	5		10	25
Flowering period	4	3	3	0	30
						Pod bearing period	4	3	3	0	30
Drum stage	4	3	3	0	30
						Drum stage	3	2	2	0	30
Drum stage	3	2	2	0	30
						Drum stage	1	2	2	0	30
Maturity stage	0	0	0	0	40

e. Foliar fertilizer: spraying for 3-4 times, and selecting potassium dihydrogen phosphate and urea, wherein the details are shown in Table 2;

f. and (3) chemical adjustment: for plots with overgrowing vigor, 10-20g of mepiquat chloride can be sprayed on 30kg of leaves after adding water at the beginning of the flowering period, and the natural height of the plants is controlled at 60cm, and the details are shown in table 4;

table 4 summer sowing soybean foliar fertilizer and chemical control adjustment details

Time period	Urea/g	Potassium dihydrogen phosphate/g	Mepiprazole/g	Water/kg
					Flowering period	50	50	10	30
Pod bearing period	100	100	15	30
					Earlier stage of drumming	100	200	20	30
Late stage of drumming	200	200		30

g. Weeding method

Soil sealing and weeding: after ploughing, every 666.7m before harrowing and grinding by using a combined soil preparation machine ² The soil can be sprayed mechanically with 120ml of 96% of metolachlor (golden' er) and 10g of 50% of flumioxazin, and 30kg of water for closed weeding;

weeding the stem and leaf after seedling: at the time of 3 compound leaves of soybean and 4 weed leaves, each 666.7m ² Spraying 50ml of 5% quizalofop-p-ethyl, 100ml of 48% bentazone and 30kg of water;

h. pest control

Controlling soil insects: the pesticide is used for seed dressing to prevent and treat soil insects, seedling pests and root diseases. 100kg soybean seeds are coated with 400ml of 6.25% fludioxonil metalaxyl suspension seed coating (singing);

preventing and treating red spider: when the field spot-plating happens, spraying and controlling can be carried out by using 2000 times of liquid of 1.8% avermectin emulsifiable concentrate or 4000 times of liquid of 40% spirodiclofen suspending agent;

preventing and treating soybean root rot: the sowing time ditch Shi Jiashuang is a granule, so that soybean roots can be absorbed to prevent root infection; or before sowing, using 35% metalaxyl powder with the weight of 0.3% of the seeds to mix seeds for prevention and treatment, and spraying or irrigating 25% metalaxyl wettable powder 800 times of liquid or 58% metalaxyl-manganese zinc wettable powder 600 times of liquid for prevention and treatment during the onset of diseases;

i. harvesting

Manually harvesting 10% of plants when leaves of the plants are not fallen, wherein the harvesting day is 9 months and 30 days; and (5) carrying out mechanical combine harvesting when the leaves and the leaf stalks are completely fallen and the beans are rounded.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described, or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and changes may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. A high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation method for Xinjiang summer-sown soybeans, wherein the summer-sown soybeans are planted in a wide and narrow row of 15+35 cm; the specific operation is carried out according to the following steps:

a. selecting varieties: the breeding period of the soybean variety selected in the south China is 88-95 days, the breeding period of the soybean variety selected in the North China is 85 days, the plant height of the soybean variety selected in the south China is 50-60cm, the average number of the pods is 20-25, the number of the single plant is 12-15, and the bottom pod height is 8-10cm;

b. planting mode: adopting a drip irrigation mode with a width of 15+35cm and a narrow row under the mulch, wherein the mulch is 140cm wide, the mulch is 125cm wide, the film thickness is 0.01mm, the summer sowing soybean sowing selection precision dibbler, the trend of the sowing rows is north-south, the width of the mulch film is 5-10cm visible on the lighting surfaces at the outer sides of the sowing rows at two sides of the mulch film, the sowing track of each row is a straight line, the plant spacing is 10cm, the row spacing is 15+35cm wide and narrow rows, and the sowing density is 36000-38000 plants/666.7 m ² The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The drip irrigation belts are arranged in a mode that 3 drip irrigation belts are arranged by one mulching film, and the drip irrigation belts are paved at narrow row positions;

the sowing time is generally about 6 months and 20 days, and the latest sowing time is not more than 7 months and 1 day;

c. water operation: the sandy loam soybean field is dripped 5-7 times in the whole growth period, sandy soil is dripped 6-8 times in the whole growth period, the dripping time is 7 months 5-7 months 10 days, and the water quantity is 25-35m each time except the last water ³ The water dripping time of the last time is 9 months 15 days-9 months 20 days, and the water dripping amount is 35-40m ³ Per mu;

d. fertilizer operation: comprises the steps of applying soil fertilizer and spraying foliar fertilizer: the soil fertilizer is organic fertilizer plus chemical fertilizer, the organic fertilizer is decomposed by 1.5 t-2 t per mu, the soil fertilizer is applied once before soil preparation, 5 kg-8 kg of urea, 15 kg-25 kg of diamine phosphate, 8 kg-10 kg of potassium sulfate and 28 kg-40 kg of total amount are applied as seed fertilizers, and the seed fertilizers are prevented from being parity by deep fertilization;

the fertilizer applied to the soil is applied in a base fertilizer mode, topdressing is carried out at the beginning of the flowering period and the pod bearing period of soybeans, 4kg of urea, 3 kg of monoammonium phosphate and 3 kg of potassium sulfate are applied per mu, and the fertilizer is applied to the soil in a water drop mode;

e. foliar fertilizer: spraying for 3-4 times, wherein the dosage of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and urea is 50.0-200.0 g/mu and the dosage of urea is 50.0-200.0 g/mu;

f. and (3) chemical adjustment: for plots with overgrowing vigor, 10-20g of mepiquat chloride is added with 30kg of water to be sprayed on leaves in the early flowering period;

the natural height of the plants is controlled to be 65-70cm;

g. weeding method

Soil sealing and weeding: after ploughing, every 666.7m before harrowing and grinding by using a combined soil preparation machine ² Sealing and weeding by mechanical spraying of 100 ml-150 ml of 96% of metolachlor and 10g of +50% of flumioxazin with 30kg of water;

weeding the stem and leaf after seedling: each 666.7m when 2-3 leaves of soybean and 2-4 leaves of weed are used ² Spraying 50 ml-60 ml of 5% quizalofop-p-ethyl, 100ml of 48% bentazone and 30kg of water;

h. pest control

Controlling soil insects: 100kg soybean seeds are coated with 400ml of 6.25% fludioxonil metalaxyl suspension seed coating agent;

preventing and treating red spider: when field spot-plating occurs, spraying and controlling with 2000 times of 1.8% avermectin emulsifiable concentrate or 4000 times of 40% spirodiclofen suspending agent;

i. harvesting

And (3) manually harvesting 10% of plants when leaves are not fallen, and mechanically combine-harvesting when leaves and stalks are completely fallen and beans are rounded.