CN115109131A - 一种多克隆抗体在制备鉴别微孢子虫试剂中的应用 - Google Patents

一种多克隆抗体在制备鉴别微孢子虫试剂中的应用 Download PDF

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CN115109131A
CN115109131A CN202210747291.5A CN202210747291A CN115109131A CN 115109131 A CN115109131 A CN 115109131A CN 202210747291 A CN202210747291 A CN 202210747291A CN 115109131 A CN115109131 A CN 115109131A
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李田
孙舒奕
罗堿
文远
龙梦娴
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种多克隆抗体在制备鉴别微孢子虫试剂中的应用,属于免疫细胞化学技术和荧光显微技术领域。本发明所述多克隆抗体的抗原的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示,经该抗原免疫小鼠后获得多克隆抗体。本发明所述的多克隆抗体标记样品中的海伦脑炎微孢子虫细胞,操作过程简单,具有更高的检测准确性,且易于利用多色荧光标记法进行微孢子虫蛋白的亚细胞定位研究,同时也适用于同属的其它微孢子虫,适用范围广泛。

Description

一种多克隆抗体在制备鉴别微孢子虫试剂中的应用
技术领域
本发明属于免疫细胞化学技术和荧光显微技术领域,尤其涉及一种多克隆抗体在制备鉴别微孢子虫试剂中的应用。
背景技术
微孢子虫是一类专营细胞内寄生的单细胞真核微生物,其中海伦脑炎微孢子虫(Encephalitozoon hellem)是常见的感染人类的一种微孢子虫。海伦脑炎微孢子虫大小为2~4μm,在宿主细胞内,早期脑炎微孢子虫细胞会聚集在被称为“寄生泡”的特殊膜结构中,并在此逐渐发育成熟。
微孢子虫的常规检测方法主要有电镜检测、染色检测、分子生物学方法检测等。电镜检测常用于微孢子虫种属的鉴定,此方法依赖昂贵的设备和复杂的操作,应用具有较大的局限性。染色检测主要依赖成熟孢子孢壁中的几丁质成分为靶标对病原进行标记,如化学荧光增白剂Calcofluor White M2R、Uvitex 2B等;由于几丁质也是真菌中一类含量丰富的成分,这些染色方法在检测过程中也常与真菌等杂质发生交叉反应,检测特异性有待提高。分子生物学方法主要通过PCR技术检测样品中是否存在病原的核酸序列,此方法检测灵敏度较高,但不能直观观测样品中的病原形态。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明提供了一种多克隆抗体在制备鉴别微孢子虫试剂中的应用,该应用可直观观察样品中病原形态,同时成本较低、特异性较高、操作简便。
为了实现上述发明目的,本发明提供了以下技术方案:
本发明提供了一种多克隆抗体在制备鉴别微孢子虫试剂中的应用,所述多克隆抗体的抗原氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示。
优选的,所述多克隆抗体的抗原制备方法包括如下步骤:将EhActin基因插入表达载体构建得重组表达质粒,将重组表达质粒转化大肠杆菌,通过IPTG诱导重组蛋白表达;通过镍柱亲和层析纯化诱导表达的重组蛋白,获得鉴别微孢子虫的多克隆抗体的抗原。
优选的,所述重组表达质粒构建用的引物为上游引物EhActin exF和下游引物EhActin exR,所述上游引物EhActin exF核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:2所示,所述下游引物EhActin exR核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:3所示。
优选的,所述表达载体为pET-32a(+)。
优选的,所述IPTG诱导重组蛋白表达条件为:待含有重组表达质粒的大肠杆菌培养至菌液OD600=0.6~0.8时,加入0.2~1.0mM IPTG,于25~35℃,100~150r/min摇床培养8~12h。
优选的,所述重组蛋白纯化步骤包括:将所述重组蛋白与30~70%Ni-NTA结合,用30~80mM咪唑洗脱,然后用280~320mM咪唑洗脱,获得目的蛋白。
本发明提供了一种鉴别微孢子虫的多克隆抗体,所述多克隆抗体采用以下步骤制备而得:以所述的抗原免疫小鼠,取免疫小鼠的眼球血,收集上层血清,即得含多克隆抗体的血清。
优选的,,所述免疫小鼠的具体步骤包括:免疫3~5次,每次免疫剂量为0.05~0.2mg抗原/只,每次间隔1周。
本发明提供一种鉴别微孢子虫的抗体荧光标记方法,包括如下步骤:固定感染微孢子虫的细胞或微孢子虫成熟细胞悬浮液,依次透化、封闭处理,然后加入制备的多克隆抗体血清孵育,再加入荧光标记二抗孵育,加入抗荧光淬灭剂,封片,荧光共聚焦显微镜下观察。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下有益效果:
本发明所述多克隆抗体的抗原的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示,经该抗原免疫小鼠后获得多克隆抗体,该多克隆抗体可特异性的标记海伦脑炎微孢子虫成熟孢子孢壁,操作过程简单,具有更高的检测准确性,且易于利用多色荧光标记法进行微孢子虫蛋白的亚细胞定位研究,同时也适用于其它属微孢子虫,适用范围广泛。
附图说明
图1HFF细胞中脑炎微孢子虫的抗体荧光标记图(1000×);其中图B、E、H、K为IFAT结果;图K为对照组,图B、E和H为实验组,绿色荧光信号显示感染细胞中的脑炎微孢子虫;A、D、G、J分别为B、E、H、K对应的Hoechst细胞核染色;C、F、I、L分别为A和B、D和E、G和H、J和K的merge图。
图2成熟孢子悬浊液中脑炎微孢子虫的抗体荧光标记图(1000×);其中图C、H、M为IFAT结果;图M为对照组;图C和H为实验组,绿色荧光显示海伦脑炎微孢子虫成熟孢子;图B、G、L分别为C、H、M对应的荧光增白剂孢壁染色;D、I、N分别为C、H、M对应的PI细胞核染色;图E、J、O分别为B和C和D、F和G和H和I、L和M和N的merge图;箭头所指为anti-EhActin荧光信号与孢壁染料荧光信号的共定位。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了一种多克隆抗体(anti-EhActin)在制备鉴别微孢子虫试剂中的应用,所述多克隆抗体的抗原氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示。本发明所述抗原的氨基酸序列具体为MSEIVQALVIDIGSGVVKSGFAGDDAPRAVFPSIVGSPKHKGVMVGMGQKDAYVGDEAQTKRGILHIKYPIEHGIVNNWDDMEKIWHHTFYNELRVAPEEHPVLLTEAPLNPKANREKITQIMFETFNVPSFYISIQAVLSLYASGRTTGIVFDSGDGVSHVVPIYEGYSLPYAINRIDLAGRDLTDYLQLILTESGNSFTTTAEREIVRDIKEKLCYVSLNYEEDMRNTEHLASITKTYEMPDGQVISIGNERFRAPELLFQPKLRGLELKGIHQNIYDSIMKCDVDIRKELYGNIVLSGGTTMYPGLAERILNEIKALAPPVIKIGVVAPPERKYSVWIGGSILASLSTFQQMWVSKAEYQEHGPSIVHRKCF(SEQ ID NO:1)。
本发明提供一种所述多克隆抗体的抗原的制备方法,包括如下步骤:将EhActin基因插入表达载体构建得重组表达质粒,将重组表达质粒转化大肠杆菌,通过IPTG诱导重组蛋白表达;通过镍柱亲和层析纯化诱导表达的重组蛋白,获得鉴别微孢子虫的多克隆抗体的抗原。本发明所述EhActin基因为NCBI数据库中登录号为NC_018468的序列,且去除序列最后的3个碱基TGA。本发明所述大肠杆菌优选为E.coli Rosetta。本发明所述表达载体优选为pET-32a(+)。
在本发明中,所述重组表达质粒构建用的引物为上游引物EhActin exF和下游引物EhActin exR。本发明所述上游引物EhActin exF的核苷酸序列具体为CGCGGATCCATGTCAGAAATAGTTCAGGC(SEQ ID NO:2),所述下游引物EhActin exR核苷酸序列具体为AAGGAAAAAAGCGGCCGCGAAGCACTTCCTGTGGACGA(SEQ ID NO:3)。本发明所述上游引物EhActin exF核苷酸序列中GGATCC为BamH I的酶切位点,所述下游引物EhActin exR核苷酸序列中GCGGCCGC为Not I的酶切位点。
在本发明中,所述重组表达质粒构建是通过分子克隆、酶切连接的方式获得。本发明所述分子克隆中扩增目的片段所用模板为海伦脑炎微孢子虫基因组(EhActin)。本发明所述分子克隆中PCR扩增反应体系为:1μL EhActin exF、1μL EhActin exR、2.5μL 10×HiFi buffer、0.5μL 10mM dNTPs、0.5μL HiFi酶、1μL模板18.5μL ddH2O,总体系为25μL;所述PCR扩增反应条件为预变性:94℃、5min;变性94℃、45s,退火67℃、45s,延伸72℃、90s,循环30次;保温4℃、10min。
在本发明中,所述IPTG诱导重组蛋白表达条件为:待含有重组表达质粒的大肠杆菌培养至菌液OD600=0.6~0.8时,加入0.2~1.0mM IPTG,于25~35℃,100~150r/min摇床培养8~12h。本发明所述IPTG浓度优选为0.5mM,所述温度优选为30℃,所述摇床培养条件优选为120r/min、10h。
在本发明中,所述IPTG诱导重组蛋白表达结束后用尿素溶液重悬菌体沉淀,收集上清液。本发明所述尿素溶液具体配方为:10mM Tris 1.21g、100mM NaCl 5.844g、8M尿素480.48g;所述尿素溶液的制备方法为:将上述配方中的溶质溶于800mL双蒸水中,用盐酸调节pH至8.0后定容至1L。本发明所述尿素溶液重悬菌体沉淀的步骤包括:将菌体与尿素溶液混合,得重悬液,然后将重悬液于冰上超声破碎至液体澄清,离心后收集上清。
在本发明中,所述重组蛋白纯化步骤包括:将所述重组蛋白与30~70%Ni-NTA结合,用30~80mM咪唑洗脱,然后用280~320mM咪唑洗脱,获得目的蛋白。本发明所述Ni-NTA浓度优选为50%;所述30~80mM咪唑洗脱可去除杂蛋白,去除杂蛋白的咪唑浓度优选为50mM;所述280~320mM咪唑洗脱可获得目的蛋白,获得目的蛋白的咪唑浓度优选为300mM。
本发明提供一种鉴别微孢子虫的多克隆抗体(anti-EhActin),所述多克隆抗体采用以下步骤制备而得:用所述的抗原免疫小鼠,取免疫小鼠的眼球血,收集上层血清,即得多克隆抗体。本发明所述免疫小鼠的具体步骤包括:免疫3~5次,每次免疫剂量为0.05~0.2mg抗原/只,每次间隔1周。本发明所述免疫次数优选为4次,免疫剂量优选为0.1mg抗原/只。本发明所述免疫中首次免疫将所述多克隆抗体与等体积弗氏完全佐剂混匀,其余免疫将所述多克隆抗体与等体积弗氏不完全佐剂混匀。本发明所述上层血清收集的温度为37℃。
本发明提供所述多克隆抗体标记感染细胞中的海伦脑炎微孢子虫细胞的方法为:将灭菌的细胞爬片放入洁净的12孔板中,加入1×105/孔的人包皮成纤维细胞(HumanForeskin Fibroblast,HFF))系,于37℃,5%CO2细胞培养箱中培养;待细胞长到1/2以上时,向孔中按1×106孢子/孔接种E.hellem,培养48h;吸出培养基,用无菌PBS润洗4次,每次5min;向孔中加入质量分数为4%多聚甲醛固定15min,用无菌PBS润洗4次,每次5min;向孔中加入体积分数为0.5%Triton-X-100透化15min,用无菌PBS润洗4次,每次5min;向孔中加入IFA封闭液,室温封闭1h,用无菌PBS润洗4次,每次5min;向孔中加入0.5%(v/v)制备的多克隆抗体血清,4℃过夜孵育;PBST洗涤4次,每次5min;向孔中加入0.05%(v/v)荧光标记二抗,避光室温孵育1h,PBST洗涤4次,每次5min。本发明所述封闭液为含0.05%(V/V)Tween20,2%(V/V)Triton X-100,0.05%(W/V)BSA和10%(V/V)山羊血清的PBS溶液。本发明所述PBST为含有体积分数为0.05%Tween20的PBS溶液。
本发明提供所述多克隆抗体标记海伦脑炎微孢子虫成熟孢子悬浊液的方法为:将质量分数为0.01%的多聚赖氨酸溶液涂抹在载玻片上,风干后得到多聚赖氨酸处理后的载玻片备用;将海伦脑炎微孢子虫成熟孢子悬浊液滴加到涂有多聚赖氨酸处理的载玻片上,待液体稍干,吸除多余液体;滴加质量分数为4%的多聚甲醛溶液覆盖细胞固定15min,吸除固定细胞的多余液体,滴加PBS溶液浸浴细胞,清洗4次,每次5min。滴加体积分数为0.5%Triton-X-100覆盖细胞透化15min,滴加PBS溶液浸浴细胞,清洗4次,每次5min;滴加IFA封闭液,室温封闭1h,滴加无菌PBS溶液浸浴细胞,清洗4次,每次5min;滴加0.5%(v/v)制备的多克隆抗体血清,室温孵育2h;滴加PBST溶液浸浴细胞,清洗4次,每次5min;滴加0.05%(v/v)荧光标记二抗,避光室温孵育1h,滴加PBST溶液浸浴细胞,清洗4次,每次5min。本发明所述封闭液为含0.05%(V/V)Tween20,2%(V/V)Triton X-100,0.05%(W/V)BSA和10%(V/V)山羊血清的PBS溶液。本发明所述PBST为含有体积分数为0.05%Tween20的PBS溶液。
在本发明中,可辅助使用荧光增白剂染几丁质的方法标记海伦脑炎微孢子虫成熟孢子,方法如下:滴加0.1μg/mL Calcofluor White M2R染色液覆盖细胞,18~37℃孵育30min;吸除染色液,用PBST溶液清洗后滴加抗荧光淬灭剂封片即可。
在本发明中,可辅助使用细胞核染料对样品中宿主或病原细胞的细胞核进行标记,方法如下:加入10%(v/v)Hoechst染色液覆盖细胞,避光室温孵育30min,吸除染色液,用PBST溶液清洗后滴加抗荧光淬灭剂封片即可;或使用10%(v/v)碘化丙啶(PropidiumIodide,PI)对细胞核进行染色,室温避光染色10min,吸除染色液,用PBST溶液清洗后滴加抗荧光淬灭封片剂封片即可。
在本发明中,若无特殊说明,所有的原料组分均为本领域技术人员熟知的市售商品。
下面结合实施例对本发明提供的技术方案进行详细的说明,但是不能把它们理解为对本发明保护范围的限定。
实施例1多克隆抗体(anti-EhActin)血清的制备
(1)用氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示的抗原免疫小鼠,每次免疫按照0.1mg抗原/只的剂量于小鼠背部皮下注射,免疫4次,每次间隔1周,首次免疫将蛋白质与等体积弗氏完全佐剂混匀,后3次免疫将蛋白质与等体积弗氏不完全佐剂混匀。
(2)4次免疫完成后,取小鼠眼球采血,于37℃静置后收集上层血清,获得anti-EhActin血清。
实施例2anti-EhActin标记感染细胞中的海伦脑炎微孢子虫的方法
(1)将2个灭菌的细胞爬片放入洁净的12孔板中,加入1×105/孔的HFF细胞系;于37℃,5%CO2细胞培养箱中培养;
(2)待细胞长到1/2以上时,向2孔中按1×106孢子/孔接种E.hellem,并过夜培养;
(3)吸出培养基,用无菌PBS润洗4次,每次5min;
(4)向2孔中加入质量分数为4%的多聚甲醛固定15min,洗涤同步骤(3);
(5)向2孔中加入0.5%(v/v)Triton-X-100透化15min,洗涤同步骤(3);
(6)向2孔中加入IFA封闭液,室温封闭1h,洗涤同步骤(3);
(7)向2孔中分别加入0.5%(v/v)制备的anti-EhActin血清和小鼠阴性血清,后者作为阴性对照,4℃过夜孵育;
(8)PBST洗涤4次,每次5min;
(9)向2孔中加入0.05%(v/v)荧光标记二抗Alexa
Figure BDA0003717304790000071
488,避光室温孵育1h,洗涤同步骤(8);
(10)向2孔中加入10%(v/v)Hoechst对细胞核进行染色,避光室温孵育30min,洗涤同步骤(8);
(11)取出细胞爬片,滴加3μL抗荧光淬灭剂,用指甲油封片后置于荧光共聚焦显微镜下观察。
从图1中可以看出,在感染海伦脑炎微孢子虫的HFF细胞中,绿色荧光信号出现在成熟孢子的孢壁上(图1B、C);在寄生泡中也可以观测到相同的情况(图1E、F),说明anti-EhActin定位于海伦脑炎微孢子虫成熟孢子的孢壁上;在其它视野中的寄生泡中,还可观测到绿色荧光信号分布于增殖时期的病原细胞内(图1H、I箭头所指)。因此,通过本发明的方法可以直观观察到感染细胞中位于寄生泡中的早期病原细胞以及海伦脑炎微孢子虫成熟孢子的形态。
实施例3anti-EhActin标记海伦脑炎微孢子虫成熟孢子悬浊液的方法
(1)取一滴质量分数为0.01%的多聚赖氨酸滴加于干净载玻片上,于60℃烘箱放置10min至干燥;
(2)取一滴E.hellem悬液滴于干燥的多聚赖氨酸处,自然干燥至液体稍干,滴加4%多聚甲醛固定15min,用无菌PBS洗涤4次,每次5min;
(3)滴加0.5%(v/v)Triton-X-100透化10min,洗涤同步骤(2);
(4)滴加2~3滴0.5%(v/v)制备的anti-EhActin血清和小鼠阴性血清,后者作为阴性对照,室温孵育2h;
(5)PBST洗涤4次,每次5min;
(6)滴加0.05%(v/v)荧光标记二抗Alexa
Figure BDA0003717304790000081
488,室温避光孵育1h;
(7)洗涤同步骤(5);
(8)滴加10%(v/v)PI对细胞核进行染色,室温避光染色10min;
(9)洗涤同步骤(5);
(10)滴加0.1μg/mL荧光增白剂对孢壁进行标记,室温避光染色30min;
(11)洗涤同步骤(5);
(12)向玻片滴加3μL抗荧光淬灭剂,用指甲油封片后置于荧光共聚焦显微镜下观察。
从图2中可见,与在HFF细胞中的观察结果一致,绿色荧光信号分布在孢子外周(图2C、H),并与孢壁染料的荧光信号发生了共定位(图2E、J箭头所指),表明anti-EhActin存在于海伦脑炎微孢子虫成熟孢子的孢壁上。因此,本发明的方法可通过标记海伦脑炎微孢子虫成熟孢子孢壁标记病原细胞。
由于不同种属微孢子虫肌动蛋白氨基酸序列具有高度的保守性,基于海伦脑炎微孢子虫肌动蛋白的多克隆抗体也适用于其它种属微孢子虫的免疫荧光标记。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
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Claims (10)

1.一种多克隆抗体在制备鉴别微孢子虫试剂中的应用,其特征在于,所述多克隆抗体的抗原氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示。
2.如权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述多克隆抗体的抗原制备方法包括如下步骤:
将EhActin基因插入表达载体构建得重组表达质粒,将重组表达质粒转化大肠杆菌,通过IPTG诱导重组蛋白表达;通过镍柱亲和层析纯化诱导表达的重组蛋白,获得鉴别微孢子虫的多克隆抗体的抗原。
3.如权利要求2所述的应用,其特征在于,所述重组表达质粒构建用的引物为上游引物EhActinexF和下游引物EhActinexR,所述上游引物EhActinexF核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:2所示,所述下游引物EhActinexR核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:3所示。
4.如权利要求2所述的应用,其特征在于,所述表达载体为pET-32a(+)。
5.如权利要求2所述的应用,其特征在于,所述IPTG诱导重组蛋白表达条件为:待含有重组表达质粒的大肠杆菌培养至菌液OD600=0.6~0.8时,加入0.2~1.0mMIPTG,于25~35℃,100~150r/min摇床培养8~12h。
6.如权利要求2所述的应用,其特征在于,所述IPTG诱导重组蛋白表达结束后用尿素溶液重悬菌体沉淀,收集上清液。
7.如权利要求2所述的应用,其特征在于,所述重组蛋白纯化步骤包括:将所述重组蛋白与30~70%Ni-NTA结合,用30~80mM咪唑洗脱,然后用280~320mM咪唑洗脱,获得目的蛋白。
8.一种鉴别微孢子虫的多克隆抗体,其特征在于,所述多克隆抗体采用以下步骤制备而得:以权利要求1所述的抗原免疫小鼠,取免疫小鼠的眼球血,收集上层血清,即得含多克隆抗体的血清。
9.如权利要求8所述的多克隆抗体,其特征在于,所述免疫小鼠的具体步骤包括:免疫3~5次,每次免疫剂量为0.05~0.2mg抗原/只,每次间隔1周。
10.一种鉴别微孢子虫的抗体荧光标记方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:固定感染微孢子虫的细胞或微孢子虫成熟细胞悬浮液,依次透化、封闭处理,然后加入如权利要求8或9制备的多克隆抗体血清孵育,再加入荧光标记二抗孵育,加入抗荧光淬灭剂,封片,荧光共聚焦显微镜下观察。
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CN116903713A (zh) * 2023-07-10 2023-10-20 西南大学 一种微孢子虫表面抗原EcSSP1的重组蛋白、编码基因和生产方法及应用
CN116903713B (zh) * 2023-07-10 2024-04-26 西南大学 一种微孢子虫表面抗原EcSSP1的重组蛋白、编码基因和生产方法及应用
CN116925198A (zh) * 2023-08-15 2023-10-24 西南大学 一种微孢子虫极管蛋白EcPTP1的重组蛋白及其制备方法和应用
CN116925198B (zh) * 2023-08-15 2024-05-14 西南大学 一种微孢子虫极管蛋白EcPTP1的重组蛋白及其制备方法和应用

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