CN115088650A - Symbiotic breeding method for fish and rice - Google Patents
Symbiotic breeding method for fish and rice Download PDFInfo
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- CN115088650A CN115088650A CN202210977758.5A CN202210977758A CN115088650A CN 115088650 A CN115088650 A CN 115088650A CN 202210977758 A CN202210977758 A CN 202210977758A CN 115088650 A CN115088650 A CN 115088650A
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- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
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- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- 230000031068 symbiosis, encompassing mutualism through parasitism Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Hydroponics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a symbiotic planting and breeding method of fish and rice, which aims to utilize a planting floating platform to plant rice independently, the planting floating platform and a fishpond are mutually independent, suitable environments are provided for the fish and the rice respectively, meanwhile, the root of the rice is prevented from being bitten by trash fish in the fishpond, and the yield of the fish and the rice is ensured, and the technical scheme is as follows: a fish and rice symbiotic planting and breeding method comprises a fish pond, wherein a plurality of mutually connected planting floating platforms float on the fish pond, the planting floating platforms accurately control the water level through water pumps, and a sludge pump is adopted to pump bottom sludge of the fish pond to serve as nutrient soil for rice planting; 1/3-3/4 of the total area of the fishpond occupied by a plurality of planting floating platforms, belonging to the technical field of fish and rice symbiosis.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fish and rice symbiosis, and particularly relates to a fish and rice symbiosis planting and breeding method.
Background
The rice symbiosis is to utilize the ecological principle of fishes and plants, plant rice while culturing fishes, fully utilize space and resources and improve the culture income.
For example, CN209473368U has just disclosed a fish frog rice intergrowth cyclic utilization system, including the pond, the left side in pond is provided with the stilling pool, the right side is provided with the flood discharge ditch, be provided with the filter screen of intaking between stilling pool and pond, be provided with cleaning device in the stilling pool, cleaning device is including cleaning the mechanism, drive screw, driving motor and guide bar, clean the mechanism and include the drive block that links to each other with drive screw, the guide block that links to each other with the guide bar, brush board and the brush hair of setting on the brush board, the one end of guide block links to each other with the drive block, the other end links to each other with the brush board, be provided with a plurality of floating platform that are used for planting the rice in the pond, be provided with a plurality of planting dishes on the floating platform, be provided with the purse seine around the pool ridge in pond, be provided with the day net around the top.
In the symbiotic system, the floating platform is arranged in the pond, rice is planted in the planting disc on the floating platform, and the roots of the rice can enter the pond to absorb nutrients;
under the structure, the rice is planted in a water culture mode, and the rice is placed on the water surface of the pond and uses the same water source as the water source for cultivation; the nutrition required by rice is not consistent with the water environment required by fish;
moreover, the grass-eating trash fish can bite the roots of the rice, so that the growth of the rice is influenced, and the yield of the rice cannot be guaranteed;
the existing floating platform is mostly made of common materials, and the service life is only 1-2 years; the adopted 'flowerpot type' planting has high investment cost and higher production cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a fish and rice symbiotic planting and breeding method, aiming at planting rice independently by using a planting floating platform, wherein the planting floating platform and a fishpond are mutually independent, so that proper environments are respectively provided for fish and rice, and meanwhile, the roots of the rice are prevented from being bitten by trash fish in the fishpond, so that the yield of the fish and the rice is ensured.
According to a first aspect of the invention, a fish and rice symbiotic planting and breeding method is provided, which comprises a fishpond, wherein a plurality of interconnected planting floating platforms float on the fishpond, the planting floating platforms accurately control the water level through water pumps, and a sludge pump is adopted to pump bottom sludge of the fishpond to serve as nutrient soil for rice planting; the plurality of planting floating platforms occupy 1/3-3/4 of the total area of the fishpond.
In the symbiotic planting and breeding method for the fish and the rice, a five-step method of shallow water seedling planting, deep water survival, dew tillering, bud breaking, deep water and dry-wet seed strengthening is adopted when the floating platform is used for planting the rice.
In the symbiotic planting and breeding method for fish and rice, deep-water survival, dew tillering, bud breaking and deep water and dry and wet seed strengthening in shallow-water seedling planting are realized by adjusting the water level of the planting floating platform through a water pump.
In the fish and rice symbiotic planting and breeding method, the planting floating platform is provided with the pull rope, and the planting floating platform is moved to a dry place to be harvested through external traction force.
In the fish and rice symbiotic planting and breeding method, the planting floating platforms are arranged in a rectangular array.
In the symbiotic planting and breeding method for the fish and the rice, the planting floating platform is made of polystyrene foam, the top of the planting floating platform is provided with an upward open planting cavity for planting the rice, the water suction pump is arranged in the planting cavity, and the bottom of the planting floating platform is provided with a plurality of downward open grooves.
In the symbiotic planting and breeding method for the fish and the rice, a partition plate is arranged in the planting cavity, the partition plate is matched with the inner wall of the planting cavity to surround the water suction pump, and a plurality of through holes are formed in the partition plate.
In the symbiotic planting and breeding method for the fish and the rice, the projection of the planting cavity on the horizontal plane is rectangular, a keel is arranged between two opposite sides of the planting cavity, the keel is positioned on the central axis of the width direction of the planting cavity, and the top of the keel is downwards sunken to form an arc surface.
In the symbiotic planting and breeding method for the fish and the rice, the side wall of the planting cavity is provided with the reinforcing block extending to the bottom of the planting cavity.
In the symbiotic planting and breeding method for the fish and the rice, the outer wall of the planting floating platform is sleeved with an annular belt, and the annular belt is provided with a connecting hole site for connecting the pull rope in series.
One of the above technical solutions of the present invention has at least one of the following advantages or beneficial effects:
according to the invention, a plurality of planting floating platforms are arranged on the fishpond to plant rice, the planting floating platforms and the fishpond are mutually independent and are not in a traditional water culture mode, and fishpond sediment can be used as nutrient soil for rice planting, so that a proper planting environment is provided for the rice, and the using amount of a chemical fertilizer is reduced; meanwhile, green organic rice can be cultivated from the pond organic bottom mud, so that high-quality rice is produced. The planting product platform can shade the sun of the fishes and avoid the exposure in summer, and because the plurality of planting floating platforms occupy 1/3-3/4 of the total area of the fish pond, enough illumination space is provided when the fishes need the sunlight.
Because the planting floating platform and the fish pond are mutually independent, the fish pond can automatically prepare a water environment suitable for fish growth, and grass-eating type trash fishes in the fish pond cannot bite the roots of rice, so that the growth of the rice is well protected, and the yield of both the fishes and the rice is further guaranteed;
meanwhile, the water level of the planting floating platform can be accurately controlled by using the water suction pump, and the water level of the planting floating platform is adjusted according to different stages of rice planting, so that the rice is high in yield and stable in yield. Moreover, the growth of weeds is controlled, and the use of herbicides is reduced; the dibble seeding can be realized even on the water surface, and the labor cost investment is reduced.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples;
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a planting floating platform according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a partially enlarged view of a of fig. 2 of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a plan view of the planting platform of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a sectional view B-B of FIG. 4 in accordance with embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line C-C of FIG. 4 in accordance with embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a bottom view of the planting floating platform of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The following disclosure provides many different embodiments, or examples, for implementing different aspects of the invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 7, in one embodiment of the present invention, a symbiotic planting and breeding method for fish and rice includes floating a plurality of interconnected planting floating platforms 1 on a fish pond 100, wherein the planting floating platforms 1 precisely control water level through water pumps 3, and bottom mud of the fish pond 100 is pumped by sludge pumps to serve as nutrient soil for rice planting;
the plurality of planting floating platforms 1 are arranged on the fishpond 100 to plant rice, the planting floating platforms 1 and the fishpond 100 are mutually independent, sediment in the fishpond 100 can be used as nutrient soil for planting the rice, a proper planting environment is provided for the rice, the use amount of chemical fertilizers is reduced, the traditional water planting mode is not adopted, the fishpond 100 can automatically prepare a water environment suitable for fish growth, trash fish in the fishpond 100 cannot bite the roots of the rice, the growth of the rice is well protected, and therefore the yield of the fish and the yield of the rice are guaranteed;
meanwhile, the water level of the planting floating platform 1 can be accurately controlled by the water suction pump 3, and the water level of the planting floating platform 1 is adjusted according to different stages of rice planting, so that the rice is high in yield and stable in yield.
Specifically, when the rice is planted on the floating platform 1, a five-step method of shallow-water seedling planting, deep-water survival, dew tillering, bud-beating deep water and dry-wet seed strengthening is adopted, so that the planting and harvesting can be completed, the yield efficiency is high, and the input cost of the multiple yield is low;
shallow water seedling planting means that a certain water layer depth is kept during rice transplanting to prevent the phenomena of seedling falling and seedling flooding caused by excessive plant water during transplanting, the water layer depth is flexibly controlled according to the size of seedlings, and the water layer depth is preferably about one third of the water layer depth of the plants after seedling planting; the deep water survival means that the depth of a water layer is preferably kept to be about 30-35mm to prevent dry seedlings when the rice is in a green turning stage after being transplanted; dew tillering is to enter a tillering stage after rice is turned green, and in order to promote early growth and fast growth, a root system is developed, a plant grows robustly, and the depth of a water layer needs to be kept about 15-20 mm; the deep water of the bud beating means that the rice enters a young ear differentiation period after the jointing, and the depth of a water layer is kept to be about 20-30 mm; the dry-wet strong seeds mean that after the rice enters the grouting period, excessive moisture can cause insufficient oxygen supply to the soil, reduce the activity of root systems, lead the leaves to be premature senility and yellow, influence the quality of the rice, and at the moment, the soil is kept wet;
therefore, the rice can thrive only by accurately controlling the water level of the planting floating platform 1; in the embodiment, deep water survival, dew tillering, bract breaking, deep water drying and seed strengthening of shallow water seedling planting are realized by adjusting the water level of the planting floating platform 1 through the water pump 3.
In a specific embodiment, the planting floating platform 1 is made of polystyrene foam, the polystyrene foam is a light high molecular polymer, a foaming agent is added into polystyrene resin, and the polystyrene foam is heated and softened to generate gas, so that the formed rigid closed-cell structural foam plastic is firm, light, and has good biological corrosion resistance and weather resistance, and the material can be recycled and can not cause white pollution;
the top of planting floating platform 1 is equipped with the open planting chamber 2 that is used for planting the rice up, suction pump 3 sets up in planting chamber 2, the bottom of planting floating platform 1 is equipped with a plurality of open recesses 4 down.
When the planting floating platform 1 is put in the fish pond 100, the planting floating platform can float on the water surface of the fish pond 100 by means of the material and the groove 4, the groove 1 can reduce the weight of the planting floating platform 1, and the groove 4 can be matched with the water surface of the fish pond 100 to form a cavity for containing air so as to improve the floating capacity of the planting floating platform 1; the water pump 3 regulates and controls the water level in the planting cavity 2; the water pump 3 can discharge water in the planting cavity 2 into the fishpond 100 through a water discharge pipe, so that the water level in the planting cavity 2 reaches the required water level, and if the water level in the planting cavity 2 is not enough, water can be added manually; the water level in the planting cavity 2 can be accurately controlled to inhibit the growth of weeds and reduce the use of herbicides;
the water level detector and the corresponding controller can be added to intelligently control the start and stop of the water suction pump 3 and intelligently regulate and control the water level in the planting cavity 2.
In order to avoid the influence of the roots of the rice on the operation of the water suction pump 3, a partition plate 5 is arranged in the planting cavity 2, the partition plate 5 is matched with the inner wall of the planting cavity 2 to surround the water suction pump 3, and a plurality of through holes 51 are formed in the partition plate 5; the partition plate 5 encloses a single area for the water suction pump 3 in the planting cavity 2, the area is communicated with the planting cavity 2 through the through hole 51, and the water level of the whole planting cavity 2 can be reduced by draining water in the area through the water suction pump 3.
In the embodiment, the planting floating platform 1 is rectangular, the length of the planting floating platform is 1800 plus 2500mm, the width of the planting floating platform is 1300 plus 1800mm, the corners and the middle part of the outer wall of the planting floating platform 1 can be thickened, and the anti-collision capacity of the planting floating platform 1 is improved;
in order to utilize the water surface area of the fish pond 100 as much as possible, a plurality of the planting floating platforms 1 are arranged in a rectangular array, and a certain gap is reserved between the planting floating platforms 1 and cannot completely cover the water surface of the fish pond 100;
generally speaking, the water surface area required for placing a plurality of planting floating platforms 1 accounts for 1/3-3/4 of the total area of the fishpond 100;
in this embodiment, the thickness of the planting floating platform 1 is 240-360 mm; preferably, the planting floating platform 1 is 300mm thick;
in order to ensure that the rice is planted with enough planting depth, the depth of the planting cavity 2 is 0.5-0.7 times of the thickness of the planting floating platform 1; preferably, the depth of the planting cavity 2 is 0.6 times the thickness of the planting floating platform 1.
In order to ensure that the groove 4 can play a role, the depth of the groove 4 is 0.1-0.3 times of the thickness of the planting floating platform 1; preferably, the depth of the groove 4 is 0.17 times the thickness of the planting platform 1.
Preferably, the shape of the planting cavity 2 can correspond to the shape of the planting floating platform 1, so that the capacity of the planting cavity 2 is maximized, the projection of the planting cavity 2 on the horizontal plane is rectangular, and the distance between the side wall of the planting cavity 2 and the outer wall of the planting floating platform 1 is 50-120 mm; more preferably, the distance between the side wall of the planting cavity 2 and the outer wall of the planting floating platform 1 is gradually increased from top to bottom.
In order to improve the strength of the planting floating platform 1, a keel 21 is arranged between two opposite sides of the planting cavity 2, the keel 21 is positioned on the central axis of the width direction of the planting cavity 2, and the top of the keel 21 is downwards sunken to form an arc surface; the keel 21 can prop the planting cavity 2 open, so that the planting cavity 2 is prevented from shrinking, and the strength of the planting floating platform 1 is improved; the top of the keel 21 forms a cambered surface downwards to facilitate the water in the planting cavity 2 to flow; specifically, the highest position of the keel 21 is 80-120mm away from the top of the planting floating platform 1, and the lowest position of the keel 21 is 10-30mm away from the bottom of the planting cavity 2; the width of the keel 21 is 80-120 mm.
Preferably, the side wall of the planting cavity 2 is provided with a reinforcing block 22 extending to the bottom of the planting cavity 2, so that the strength of the planting floating platform 1 can be improved; specifically, the distance between the top of the reinforcing block 22 and the top of the planting floating platform 1 is 100-140mm, the distance between one end of the reinforcing block 22, which is far away from the side wall of the planting cavity 2, and the side wall of the planting cavity 2 is 120-160mm, and the width of the reinforcing block 22 is 80-120 mm.
In the embodiment, the groove 4 is in a regular quadrangular frustum pyramid shape and has higher strength; the grooves 4 can be arranged in an array, and the distance between every two adjacent grooves 4 is 70-110 mm; because the position where the water suction pump 3 is arranged needs higher strength, the position corresponding to the water suction pump 3 can be free from the groove 4, so that the fixed position of the water suction pump 3 is thick enough; even the central area of the bottom of the planting floating platform 1 can be provided with no groove 4, so that a corresponding trademark can be conveniently arranged.
In the embodiment, the planting floating platform 1 is provided with a pull rope, and the planting floating platform 1 is moved to a dry place to be harvested through external traction force;
specifically, the outer wall of the planting floating platform 1 is sleeved with an annular belt 6, the annular belt 6 is provided with a connecting hole 61 for connecting the pull rope in series, the annular belt 6 can be formed by adhering nylon belts, the nylon belts are overlapped at the adhering part, two ends of the overlapped part are adhered, the connecting hole 61 is formed in the middle, and the pull rope can pass through the connecting hole 61 to be knotted and fixed;
the depth design of planting chamber 2 makes the rice conveniently reap, and the part that the rice stretches out from planting chamber 2 just can reap the part, when reaping, can stimulate the stay cord, lets plant floating platform 1 and pass from the below of harvester in proper order, and the harvester can continuously reap the rice.
Preferably, a corner protector can be arranged at the corner of the outer wall of the planting floating platform 1, and the corner protector is positioned between the annular belt 6 and the planting floating platform 1 to prevent the annular belt 6 from being worn to the outer wall of the planting floating platform 1.
Preferably, the inner and outer surfaces of the planting floating platform 1 are coated with polyurea ester inner waterproof coatings.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A fish and rice symbiotic planting and breeding method comprises a fishpond and is characterized in that a plurality of mutually connected planting floating platforms float on the fishpond, the planting floating platforms accurately control water level through water pumps, and bottom mud of the fishpond is extracted by a mud pump to serve as nutrient soil for rice planting; the plurality of planting floating platforms occupy 1/3-3/4 of the total area of the fishpond.
2. The symbiotic planting and breeding method of fish and rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein the planting floating platform is used for planting rice by adopting a five-step method of shallow-water seedling planting, deep-water survival, dew tillering, bud breaking, deep water and dry-wet seed strengthening.
3. The symbiotic fish and rice planting method according to claim 2, wherein deep water survival, dew tillering, deep water bud breaking and wet and dry seed strengthening in shallow water seedling planting are realized by adjusting the water level of a planting floating platform through a water pump.
4. The symbiotic fish and rice planting method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the planting floating platform is provided with a pull rope, and the planting floating platform is moved to a dry place by external traction force for harvesting.
5. The symbiotic fish and rice planting method according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the planting floating platforms are arranged in a rectangular array.
6. The symbiotic planting and breeding method for fish and rice according to claim 1, wherein the planting floating platform is made of polystyrene foam, a planting cavity which is open upwards and used for planting rice is formed in the top of the planting floating platform, the water suction pump is arranged in the planting cavity, and a plurality of grooves which are open downwards are formed in the bottom of the planting floating platform.
7. The symbiotic cultivation method for fish and rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein a partition board is arranged in the planting cavity, the partition board and the inner wall of the planting cavity are matched to surround the water suction pump, and a plurality of through holes are formed in the partition board.
8. The symbiotic cultivation method for fish and rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein the projection of the planting cavity on the horizontal plane is rectangular, a keel is arranged between two opposite sides of the planting cavity, the keel is located on the central axis of the width direction of the planting cavity, and the top of the keel is concave downwards to form an arc surface.
9. The symbiotic fish and rice planting method as claimed in claim 1, wherein reinforcing blocks extending to the bottom of the planting cavity are arranged on the side walls of the planting cavity.
10. The symbiotic planting and breeding method for fish and rice as claimed in claim 3, wherein an annular belt is sleeved on the outer wall of the planting floating platform, and connecting holes for connecting the pull ropes in series are formed in the annular belt.
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| CN202210977758.5A CN115088650A (en) | 2022-08-13 | 2022-08-13 | Symbiotic breeding method for fish and rice |
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| CN202210977758.5A CN115088650A (en) | 2022-08-13 | 2022-08-13 | Symbiotic breeding method for fish and rice |
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