CN115088562A - Open field cucumber root area environment regulation and control and continuous cropping obstacle prevention and control cultivation method - Google Patents
Open field cucumber root area environment regulation and control and continuous cropping obstacle prevention and control cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention discloses an open field cucumber root area environment regulation and control and continuous cropping obstacle prevention and control cultivation method, and relates to the technical field of cucumber root area environment regulation and control and prevention and control cultivation. The invention comprises cucumber root region regulation and control and cucumber root region continuous cropping obstacle prevention and control cultivation, wherein the cucumber root region regulation and control method comprises the following steps: (1) taking a high-quality biological bacterium organic fertilizer as a base fertilizer, uniformly preparing actinomycetes, bacillus subtilis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus licheniformis, trichoderma harzianum and toxoplasma lilacinum fungicide, adding a proper amount of boron-calcium-magnesium fertilizer, and then covering a mulching film. The cucumber root area regulating method provided by the invention has very remarkable effect when in use, has few diseases such as dead seedlings, root rot, withering and the like, the incidence rate is less than 1%, the virus symptoms such as yellow spot flower leaves, shrinkage and the like are less than 1%, the cucumber grows normally, the yield is high, the shape of the cucumber is positive, the cucumber peel is green and bright, the fertilizer application amount is reduced, the yield is improved, and the effect is very obvious.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cucumber root area environment regulation, prevention and control cultivation, and particularly relates to an open field cucumber root area environment regulation, prevention and control cultivation method for continuous cropping obstacle.
Background
The existing method for carrying out environment regulation and control and prevention and control cultivation on open field cucumbers has certain defects when in use, virus symptoms such as dead seedlings, root rot, withering, yellow spot flower leaves, shrinkage and the like can appear when in use, the cucumber is low in abnormal growth yield, the fertilizer application amount is large, and the yield is reduced, so that the method is improved, and the method for carrying out environment regulation and control and continuous cropping obstacle prevention and control cultivation on the open field cucumber roots is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an open field cucumber root area environment regulation and continuous cropping obstacle prevention and control cultivation method, which solves the existing problems: the prior method can cause virus symptoms such as dead seedlings, root rot, withered, yellow spot leaves, shrinkage and the like when in use, and the phenomena that the cucumber is abnormally grown and has low yield, the fertilizer application amount is more and the yield is reduced are caused.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to an open field cucumber root area environment regulation and control and continuous cropping obstacle prevention and control cultivation method, which comprises cucumber root area regulation and control and cucumber root area continuous cropping obstacle prevention and control cultivation, wherein the cucumber root area regulation and control method comprises the following steps: (1) taking a high-quality biological bacterium organic fertilizer as a base fertilizer, uniformly preparing actinomycetes, bacillus subtilis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus licheniformis, trichoderma harzianum and toxoplasma lilacinum fungicide, adding a proper amount of boron-calcium-magnesium fertilizer, and then covering a mulching film; (2) spraying the pseudomonas fluorescens and bacillus subtilis composite bacterial liquid for 1 time when the true leaves grow to 4-5 pieces, and spraying for 1 time after 7-10 days for 2-3 times; (3) spraying a full-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium (15: 15: 15), calcium, boron and fulvic acid from the seedling stage to the adult stage; (4) in the adult plant period, the plant growth is regulated and controlled by supplying nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium with different proportion types and application amount; (5) spraying pesticide with internal absorption and good conductivity, such as spirotetramat + sulfluramid (or pymetrozine and thiacloprid) + amino oligosaccharide or lentinan for 2-3 times, and preventing and controlling disease vectors such as aphids, whiteflies, thrips and the like, thereby controlling the spread of virus diseases and simultaneously preventing and controlling downy mildew and bacterial angular leaf spot.
Further, the continuous cropping obstacle prevention and control cultivation of the cucumber root zone comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of high-ridge planting, rooting, seed disinfection, seedling death prevention, balanced nutrient growth promotion, aphid whitefly prevention and control and comprehensive pest and disease control, wherein the high-ridge planting method comprises the following steps: the soil preparation preferably adopts a furrow with one plough and one harrow, the soil is exposed for 15 to 20 days after the plough, and the depth of the furrow is more than 30 cm;
the method for the rooting comprises the following steps: taking high-quality biological organic bacterial manure as base fertilizer, using 150-200 jin of 90% purple cattle organic fertilizer per mu, or using 200 jin of 60% purple cattle organic bacterial manure (namely 2-3 bags), 20-30 jin of calcium magnesium boride and 20 jin of compound fertilizer 50 jin;
the seed disinfection method comprises the following steps: soaking seeds in constant-temperature water of 55 ℃ for 15 minutes, fishing out, putting in cold water for cooling, soaking the seeds in 800 times of 72.2% propamocarb or 1000 times of copper chloride for 30 minutes, accelerating germination, and carrying out drenching on 2-3 leaves of the direct-sowed green cucumber to sprout so as to prevent the dead seedlings and cutworms;
the method for preventing the seedling from dying comprises the following steps: spraying the pseudomonas fluorescens and bacillus subtilis composite bacterial liquid for 1 time when the melon seedlings grow to 4-5 true leaves, spraying for 1 time again in 7-10 days, and spraying for 2-3 times in total, such as spraying 300 times of Kangda 2-3 times, spraying for 1 time every 5-7 days, preventing and controlling root-knot nematodes, and spraying for 1-2 times with 500-600 times of Junze Didite;
the method for promoting growth by balancing nutrients comprises the following steps: seedling lifting type, root promoting type, fruit swelling type and coloring type are respectively used for 600 times in different growth periods of the green cucumber, plant nutrition is supplemented by spraying, meanwhile 1200 times of algae overflowing is sprayed on leaf surfaces before flowering, Hanbo red animals or algae growing is sprayed in the sitting cucumber period to form flowers, seats and fruits of the green cucumber, and the effect is remarkable;
the method for preventing and controlling aphid whitefly comprises the following steps: the pesticide is sprayed for twice and has 1000 times of pregnancy, 1500 times of Taigong and 800 times of oligosaccharide calcium and magnesium to prevent and control aphids, whiteflies and virus diseases at regular time, and the effect is obvious, for example, in areas with serious whiteflies, 600 to 800 times of Beikelong stranguria and Beikelong stranguria can be realized, and the pesticide can play a role in killing the whitefly aphids for a long time.
Further, the comprehensive control of plant diseases and insect pests comprises virus disease control, cucumber bacterial angular leaf spot control, cucumber fusarium wilt control, cucumber epidemic disease control, mildew epidemic disease control, cucumber powdery mildew control and cucumber root rot control, and the method for controlling the virus disease comprises the following steps: (1) planting in due time; (2) the friction among plants is reduced, and the root injury is reduced during intertillage; (3) the injection can be used for 2-3 times at the early stage of the disease or without the disease, namely the injection of the leaf curl virus, the bacteria toxin clearing and the calcium and magnesium oligosaccharide which are 1000 times of the total weight of the injection.
Further, the method for controlling cucumber bacterial angular leaf spot comprises the following steps: (1) disinfecting seeds; (2) applying high-quality organic fertilizer or fully decomposed organic fertilizer, and popularizing high-bed, film-covering and dark watering technologies; (3) the plant and root soil can be sprayed with 1000 times of Semliki, 1200 times of Cuomaster and 1200-1500 times of Anwanjia in the onset period.
Further, the method for preventing and treating cucumber fusarium wilt comprises the following steps: (1) selecting disease-resistant varieties; (2) disinfecting seeds; (3) the roots can be irrigated with Kangdi + hymexazol or sprayed with 600 times of Sipulheng, or sprayed with Sipuli after being sprayed with the plant.
Further, the method for preventing and treating the cucumber epidemic disease comprises the following steps: (1) disinfecting seeds; (2) planting in high ridges; (3) at the initial stage of disease, the composition is used for preventing and treating the bacterial wilt by 1000 times of Semliki or 800 times of propamocarb or 1000 times of Nonghuakangyuan.
Further, the mildew blight control comprises the following steps: 1000 times of Qingjia jade, 1000 times of Huanong Kangyuan, 1000 times of Shuangfu, 2000 times of Jinjiang and 1000 times of Zhonggong are selected for prevention and treatment.
Further, the control and prevention of the powdery mildew of cucumber comprises the following steps: the powder can penetrate 1500 times or 2000 times or 1500 times more at the initial stage of disease attack, and the prevention effect is obvious.
Further, the method for preventing and controlling the cucumber root rot comprises the following steps: (1) performing rotation; (2) planting in high ridges; (3) applying high-quality biological bacterial manure; (4) the seedling stage drenches and applies the Kangda 2-3 times to promote the root and prevent disease very well, after planting until the onset of disease early stage sprays the plant with Samley + Qingjia 500 times, then sprays the root.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the cucumber root zone regulating and controlling method provided by the invention has very obvious effect when in use, has few diseases such as dead seedlings, root rot, withering and the like, the incidence rate is less than 1%, the virus disease symptoms such as yellow spot flower leaves, shrinkage and the like are less than 1%, the cucumber grows normally, the yield is high, the shape of the cucumber is positive, the peel of the cucumber is green and bright, the fertilizer application amount is reduced, the yield is improved, and the effect is very obvious.
2. The continuous cropping obstacle prevention and control cultivation of the cucumber root area can prevent and control the virus diseases, the bacterial angular leaf spot of cucumber, the cucumber fusarium wilt, the cucumber epidemic disease, the mildew blight, the cucumber powdery mildew and the cucumber root rot of cucumber, and can kill the aleyrodid aphid for a long time and prevent the phenomena of dead seedlings and cutworms,
of course, it is not necessary for any product in which the invention is practiced to achieve all of the above-described advantages at the same time.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the process of cucumber root region regulation according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of the continuous cropping obstacle prevention and control cultivation of the cucumber root zone.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-2, the present invention relates to an open field cucumber root zone environment control and continuous cropping obstacle prevention and control cultivation method, including cucumber root zone control and cucumber root zone continuous cropping obstacle prevention and control cultivation, the cucumber root zone control method includes: (1) taking a high-quality biological bacterium organic fertilizer as a base fertilizer, uniformly preparing actinomycetes, bacillus subtilis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus licheniformis, trichoderma harzianum and toxoplasma lilacinum fungicide, adding a proper amount of boron-calcium-magnesium fertilizer, and then covering a mulching film; (2) spraying the pseudomonas fluorescens and bacillus subtilis composite bacterial liquid for 1 time when the true leaves grow to 4-5 pieces, and spraying for 1 time after 7-10 days for 2-3 times; (3) spraying a full-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium (15: 15: 15), calcium, boron and fulvic acid from the seedling stage to the adult stage; (4) in the adult plant period, the plant growth is regulated and controlled by supplying nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium with different proportion types and application amount; (5) the preparation method adopts medicaments with good internal absorption and conductivity, such as spirotetramat + dermanydrin (or pymetrozine and thiacloprid) + aminooligosaccharide or lentinan to spray for 2-3 times, and prevents and controls the disease vectors of aphids, whiteflies, thrips and the like, thereby controlling the spread of virus diseases, simultaneously preventing and controlling downy mildew and bacterial angular leaf disease, and the cucumber root region regulation and control method has very obvious effect when in use, has few diseases such as dead seedlings, root rot, withering and the like, has the occurrence rate of less than 1 percent, has less than 1 percent of virus symptoms such as yellow spot leaves, shrinkage and the like, has normal growth of cucumbers, high yield, positive melon shape, green and bright melon peel, reduces the fertilizer application amount, improves the yield and has very obvious effect.
The continuous cropping obstacle prevention and control cultivation method for the cucumber root zone comprises the following steps: high-ridge planting, rooting, seed disinfection, seedling death prevention, balanced nutrient growth promotion, aphid whitefly prevention and control and comprehensive pest control, wherein the high-ridge planting method comprises the following steps: the soil preparation preferably adopts a furrow with one plough and one harrow, the soil is exposed for 15 to 20 days after the plough, and the depth of the furrow is more than 30 cm;
the method for cultivating the root comprises the following steps: taking high-quality biological organic bacterial manure as base fertilizer, and using 150-200 jin of 90% purple cattle organic manure or using 200 jin of 60% purple cattle organic bacterial manure (namely 2-3 bags) and 20-30 jin of calcium magnesium boride plus 20 jin of compound fertilizer plus 50 jin of compound fertilizer per mu;
the method for disinfecting the seeds comprises the following steps: soaking seeds in constant-temperature water of 55 ℃ for 15 minutes, fishing out, putting in cold water for cooling, soaking the seeds in 800 times of 72.2% propamocarb or 1000 times of copper chloride for 30 minutes, accelerating germination, and carrying out drenching on 2-3 leaves of the direct-sowed green cucumber to sprout so as to prevent the dead seedlings and cutworms;
the method for preventing the seedlings from dying comprises the following steps: spraying the pseudomonas fluorescens and bacillus subtilis composite bacterial liquid for 1 time when the melon seedlings grow to 4-5 true leaves, spraying for 1 time again in 7-10 days, and spraying for 2-3 times in total, such as spraying 300 times of Kangda 2-3 times, spraying for 1 time every 5-7 days, preventing and controlling root-knot nematodes, and spraying for 1-2 times with 500-600 times of Junze Didite;
the method for balancing nutrients and promoting growth comprises the following steps: seedling lifting type, root promoting type, fruit swelling type and coloring type are respectively used for 600 times in different growth periods of the green cucumber, plant nutrition is supplemented by spraying, 1200 times of algae overflow is sprayed on the leaf surface before flowering, and flowers, fruits and fruits of the green cucumber are beautiful by spraying Hanbo red pigment or algae in the sitting cucumber period;
the method for preventing and controlling aphid whiteflies comprises the following steps: the method has the advantages that 1000 times of open pregnancy is regularly sprayed, 1500 times of Taigong and 800 times of oligosaccharide calcium and magnesium are regularly sprayed, aphids, whiteflies and virus diseases are prevented and controlled, the effect is obvious, for example, in areas with serious whiteflies, 600 to 800 times of rhizosphere drench Beilechuan can be realized, the effect of killing the whitefly aphids for a long time can be realized, the comprehensive control of plant diseases and insect pests comprises the control of the virus diseases, the control of cucumber bacterial angular leaf spot, the control of cucumber fusarium wilt, the control of cucumber epidemic disease, the control of mildew blight, the control of cucumber powdery mildew and the control of cucumber root rot, and the method for controlling the virus diseases comprises the following steps: (1) planting in due time; (2) the friction among plants is reduced, and the root injury is reduced during intertillage; (3) the method for preventing and treating the cucumber bacterial angular leaf spot comprises the following steps of spraying curvulgare virens, chlorotoxin and calcium and magnesium oligosaccharide for 2-3 times at the early stage of the disease or in the absence of the disease, wherein the spraying curvulgare virens are 1000 times as high as the spraying curvulgare virens and the calcium and magnesium oligosaccharide are 1000 times as high as the spraying curvulgare virens for 2-3 times: (1) disinfecting seeds; (2) applying high-quality organic fertilizer or fully decomposed organic fertilizer, and popularizing high bed, film covering and dark watering technologies; (3) the method for preventing and treating cucumber fusarium wilt comprises the following steps of spraying 1000 times of semley, 1200 times of cuprammonium and 1200-1500 times of amantadine to plant and root soil at the beginning of disease attack: (1) selecting disease-resistant varieties; (2) disinfecting seeds; (3) the Kangdi and hymexazol can be used for irrigating roots or the Saipremn 600 times drenched roots, or the Saipremn is used for spraying the roots after being sprayed with the plant, and the method for preventing and treating the cucumber epidemic disease comprises the following steps: (1) disinfecting seeds; (2) planting in high ridges; (3) the prevention and treatment of the mildew blight at the initial stage are carried out by 1000 times of Semliki or 800 times of propamocarb or 1000 times of Nonghuakangyuan, and the prevention and treatment of the mildew blight comprises the following steps: 1000 times of Qingjia jade, 1000 times of Huanong Kangyuan, 1000 times of Shuangfu, 2000 times of Jinjiang and 1000 times of Zhonggong are selected for prevention and treatment, and the prevention and treatment of cucumber powdery mildew comprises the following steps: the cucumber root rot disease prevention and treatment method comprises the following steps of (1) allowing 1500 times of powder to penetrate through at the early stage of disease attack, 2000 times of golden confluence, or 1500 times of golden stability, and has remarkable prevention effect: (1) performing rotation; (2) planting in high ridges; (3) applying high-quality biological bacterial manure; (4) the seedling stage drenches and applies the Kangda 2-3 times to promote the root and prevent disease very well, after planting until the onset of disease early stage sprays the plant with Samley + Qingjia 500 times, then sprays the root.
One specific application of this embodiment is: taking a high-quality biological bacterium organic fertilizer as a base fertilizer, uniformly preparing actinomycetes, bacillus subtilis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus licheniformis, trichoderma harzianum and lilac toxoplasmosis fungicide, adding a proper amount of boron-calcium-magnesium fertilizer, then covering a mulching film, spraying a pseudomonas fluorescens and bacillus subtilis composite bacterium solution for 1 time when the true leaves grow to 4-5 sheets, spraying for 1 time after 7-10 days, spraying for 2-3 times totally, spraying a full-nutrition water-soluble fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (15: 15: 15), calcium, boron and fulvic acid from a seedling stage to an adult stage, regulating the growth of plants by supplying nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in different proportion types and application amounts in the adult stage, spraying pesticide with good internal absorption and conductivity, such as spirotetramat, furacilin (or pycidone, thiacloprid), amino oligosaccharide or lentinan for 2-3 times, preventing and controlling the disease vectors such as aphids, whiteflies, thrips and the like, the method has the advantages that the spread of virus diseases is controlled, downy mildew and bacterial angular leaf spot are prevented, then the green cucumber is prevented from changing through the steps of high-furrow planting, rooting base cultivation, seed disinfection, seedling death prevention, balanced nutrient growth promotion, aphid whitefly prevention, comprehensive pest control and the like, the effect is very obvious when the method is used, the diseases such as dead seedlings, root rot, blight and the like are few, the occurrence rate is less than 1%, the virus disease symptoms such as yellow spot flower leaves, shrinkage and the like are less than 1%, the cucumber is normal in growth, high in yield, positive in shape, green and bright in peel, the fertilizer application amount is reduced, the yield is improved, and the effect is very obvious.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. An open field cucumber root area environment regulation and continuous cropping obstacle prevention and control cultivation method comprises cucumber root area regulation and continuous cropping obstacle prevention and control cultivation, and is characterized in that: the cucumber root region regulation and control method comprises the following steps: (1) taking a high-quality biological bacterium organic fertilizer as a base fertilizer, uniformly preparing actinomycetes, bacillus subtilis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus licheniformis, trichoderma harzianum and toxoplasma lilacinum fungicide, adding a proper amount of boron-calcium-magnesium fertilizer, and then covering a mulching film; (2) spraying the pseudomonas fluorescens and bacillus subtilis composite bacterial liquid for 1 time when the true leaves grow to 4-5 pieces, and spraying for 1 time after 7-10 days for 2-3 times; (3) spraying a full-nutrient water-soluble fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium (15: 15: 15), calcium, boron and fulvic acid from the seedling stage to the adult stage; (4) in the adult plant period, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are used for supplying nutrition in different proportion types and application amount to regulate and control plant growth; (5) spraying pesticide with good systemic and conductive effects, such as spirotetramat + sulfluramid (or pymetrozine and thiacloprid) + amino oligosaccharide or lentinan for 2-3 times, to prevent and control transmitted insect vectors such as aphid, whitefly, thrips, etc., thereby controlling viral diseases and simultaneously preventing and controlling downy mildew and bacterial angular leaf spot.
2. The open field cucumber root zone environment regulation and continuous cropping obstacle prevention and control cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the continuous cropping obstacle prevention and control cultivation method for the cucumber root zone comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of high-ridge planting, rooting, seed disinfection, seedling death prevention, balanced nutrient growth promotion, aphid whitefly prevention and control and comprehensive pest and disease control, wherein the high-ridge planting method comprises the following steps: the soil preparation is preferably carried out by ploughing one by one and harrowing one by one, and the soil is exposed for 15-20 days after ploughing, wherein the raising depth is more than 30 cm;
the method for the rooting comprises the following steps: taking high-quality biological organic bacterial manure as base fertilizer, using 150-200 jin of 90% purple cattle organic fertilizer per mu, or using 200 jin of 60% purple cattle organic bacterial manure (namely 2-3 bags), 20-30 jin of calcium magnesium boride and 20 jin of compound fertilizer 50 jin;
the seed disinfection method comprises the following steps: soaking seeds in constant-temperature water of 55 ℃ for 15 minutes, fishing out, putting in cold water for cooling, soaking the seeds in 800 times of 72.2% propamocarb or 1000 times of copper chloride for 30 minutes, accelerating germination, and carrying out drenching on 2-3 leaves of the direct-sowed green cucumber to sprout so as to prevent the dead seedlings and cutworms;
the method for preventing the seedling from dying comprises the following steps: spraying the pseudomonas fluorescens and bacillus subtilis composite bacterial liquid for 1 time when the melon seedlings grow to 4-5 true leaves, spraying for 1 time again in 7-10 days, and spraying for 2-3 times in total, such as spraying 300 times of Kangda 2-3 times, spraying for 1 time every 5-7 days, preventing and controlling root-knot nematodes, and spraying for 1-2 times with 500-600 times of Junze Didite;
the method for promoting growth by balancing nutrients comprises the following steps: seedling lifting type, root promoting type, fruit swelling type and coloring type are respectively used for 600 times in different growth periods of the green cucumber, plant nutrition is supplemented by spraying, meanwhile 1200 times of algae overflowing is sprayed on leaf surfaces before flowering, Hanbo red animals or algae growing is sprayed in the sitting cucumber period to form flowers, seats and fruits of the green cucumber, and the effect is remarkable;
the method for preventing and controlling aphid whitefly comprises the following steps: the pesticide is sprayed for twice and has 1000 times of pregnancy, 1500 times of Taigong and 800 times of oligosaccharide calcium and magnesium to prevent and control aphids, whiteflies and virus diseases at regular time, and the effect is obvious, for example, in areas with serious whiteflies, 600 to 800 times of Beikelong stranguria and Beikelong stranguria can be realized, and the pesticide can play a role in killing the whitefly aphids for a long time.
3. The open field cucumber root zone environment regulation and continuous cropping obstacle prevention and control cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the comprehensive control of plant diseases and insect pests comprises control of virus diseases, control of cucumber bacterial angular leaf spot, control of cucumber fusarium wilt, control of cucumber epidemic disease, control of mildew blight, control of cucumber powdery mildew and control of cucumber root rot, and the control method of the virus diseases comprises the following steps: (1) planting in due time; (2) the friction among plants is reduced, and the root injury is reduced during intertillage; (3) the injection can be used for 2-3 times at the early stage of the disease or without the disease, namely the injection of the leaf curl virus, the bacteria toxin clearing and the calcium and magnesium oligosaccharide which are 1000 times of the total weight of the injection.
4. The open field cucumber root zone environment regulation and continuous cropping obstacle prevention and control cultivation method as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: the method for preventing and treating the cucumber bacterial angular leaf spot comprises the following steps: (1) disinfecting seeds; (2) applying high-quality organic fertilizer or fully decomposed organic fertilizer, and popularizing high-bed, film-covering and dark watering technologies; (3) the plant and root soil can be sprayed with 1000 times of Semliki, 1200 times of Cuomaster and 1200-1500 times of Anwanjia in the onset period.
5. The open field cucumber root zone environment regulation and continuous cropping obstacle prevention and control cultivation method as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: the method for preventing and treating cucumber fusarium wilt comprises the following steps: (1) selecting disease-resistant varieties; (2) disinfecting seeds; (3) the roots can be irrigated with Kangdi + hymexazol or sprayed with 600 times of Sipuleng, or sprayed with Simuli spray plants.
6. The open field cucumber root zone environment regulation and continuous cropping obstacle prevention and control cultivation method as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: the method for preventing and treating the cucumber epidemic disease comprises the following steps: (1) disinfecting seeds; (2) planting in high ridges; (3) at the initial stage of disease, the composition is used for preventing and treating the bacterial wilt by 1000 times of Semliki or 800 times of propamocarb or 1000 times of Nonghuakangyuan.
7. The open field cucumber root zone environment regulation and control and continuous cropping obstacle prevention and control cultivation method as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: the mildew blight prevention and control method comprises the following steps: 1000 times of Qingjia jade, 1000 times of Huanong Kangyuan, 1000 times of Shuangfu, 2000 times of Jinjiang and 1000 times of Zhonggong are selected for prevention and treatment.
8. The open field cucumber root zone environment regulation and continuous cropping obstacle prevention and control cultivation method as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: the control and prevention of powdery mildew of cucumber comprises the following steps: the powder can penetrate 1500 times or 2000 times or 1500 times more at the initial stage of disease attack, and the prevention effect is obvious.
9. The open field cucumber root zone environment regulation and continuous cropping obstacle prevention and control cultivation method as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: the method for preventing and treating the cucumber root rot comprises the following steps: (1) performing rotation; (2) planting in high ridges; (3) applying high-quality biological bacterial manure; (4) the Linshikangda has good root promoting and disease preventing effects for 2-3 times in the seedling stage, and is sprayed with 500 times of Semliki + Qingjia plants from the initial stage of disease occurrence after planting, and then the plants are sprayed to the roots.
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