CN115087543A - 多层窗玻璃和制造窗玻璃的方法 - Google Patents

多层窗玻璃和制造窗玻璃的方法 Download PDF

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CN115087543A
CN115087543A CN202180014231.6A CN202180014231A CN115087543A CN 115087543 A CN115087543 A CN 115087543A CN 202180014231 A CN202180014231 A CN 202180014231A CN 115087543 A CN115087543 A CN 115087543A
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layer
glazing
layers
transparent
inner layer
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CN115087543B (zh
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B·L·M·B·德里赫伊斯
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Auto Glass D&k Ltd
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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
  • Securing Of Glass Panes Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种多层窗玻璃，包括第一透明外层、第二透明外层、位于外层之间的较小的第三透明内层，位于第一外层和第三内层之间的粘性透明箔层以及围绕第三内层的密封件。本发明还提供了一种结合到这种多层窗玻璃中的薄层窗玻璃芯，以及一种制造这种多层窗玻璃的方法。

Description

多层窗玻璃和制造窗玻璃的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种多层窗玻璃，包括第一透明外层、第二外层和更薄且更小的第三透明内层。本发明还涉及结合到多层窗玻璃中的薄层窗玻璃芯以及用于制造多层窗玻璃的方法。
背景技术
多层窗玻璃因其强度、隔热能力和/或隔音能力而被使用。由于真空较少或不存在传导和对流，从而降低了玻璃层之间的温度和/或振动传递，因此真空隔热玻璃还在两个玻璃层之间设置有真空空间。此外，通过结合至少一种内部透明低发射率涂层或其他红外反射涂层，可以将辐射热传递降低到低水平。
从US2017/0028686可获知耐用玻璃窗单元，其中公开了一种玻璃单元，其具有第一玻璃外侧板、内侧板和其间的夹层，其中，内侧板小于外侧板；以及第二玻璃，其与第一玻璃间隔开并被密封至第一玻璃。还包括：设置在第二块玻璃与第一块玻璃之间气体空间；位于第二块玻璃与第一块玻璃之间的垫片，其中所述垫片通过第一密封件粘合至第二玻璃与第一玻璃；以及将第一玻璃粘合至第二玻璃的第二密封件。
这种多层窗玻璃具有强度和良好的隔热值，但它们的重量相对较大，这对于建筑物中的窗玻璃来说不是问题。然而，对汽车应用中的多层窗玻璃有额外的要求。除了对强度、隔热能力和隔音能力的高要求外，在汽车应用中还对它们的重量有限制。随着利用电池使汽车和公共汽车电气化，以及需要限制使用电池容量的气候控制的能源消耗，这一点变得更加紧迫。因此，对节能窗玻璃的需求不断增长，而可用的隔热窗玻璃不适合用于不同高度的车辆，例如，在山路上下行驶的车辆。本发明的目的是提供一种满足这种需求的多层窗玻璃以及一种制造这种多层窗玻璃的方法。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种多层窗玻璃，包括：第一透明外层；第二透明外层；第三透明内层，第三透明内层较小，位于外层之间，使得透明外层突出于第三内层的所有侧面；粘性透明箔层，粘性透明箔层位于第一外层和第三内层之间，在第三内层的整个表面上连接第三内层和第一外层；密封件，密封件围绕第三内层并气密连接外层的轮廓边缘；其中，每个外层的厚度至少为第三内层厚度的两倍，优选地至少为三倍，并且其中，多层窗玻璃还包括分布在第三内层面向第二外层的一侧的整个表面上的垫片。在这种多层窗玻璃中，薄或超薄的内层完全由相对更坚固的外层和周围密封件进行保护，因此降低了易损性。第三内层对多层窗玻璃的隔热性能有很大贡献，但它几乎不会增加结构重量。将第三内层在其整个表面上附接至第一外层的粘性透明箔层还提供了一种结构，该结构能够处理面板之间相对较高的温差(由多层窗玻璃的隔热性能引起)，以及由此导致的不同厚度玻璃面板的膨胀差异。此外，围绕(较薄的)第三内层的密封件提供了一些空间以补偿外层相对于内层的膨胀差异。由于本发明的窗玻璃的高绝热性能，多层窗玻璃上的温差可能很大，且不同厚度的层的膨胀也可能相对较大，因此本发明的窗玻璃设计旨在应对这种膨胀差异。
此外，垫片分布在第三内层侧面的整个表面上并因此在分布位置处与第三内层侧面的整个表面接触。这导致结构的内部支撑分布良好，并防止第三内层表面上出现无法控制的峰值负载；该特征也有助于结构紧凑和坚固。就紧凑性而言，另一个优点是高强度和高隔热值使得能够使用总体上较薄的多层窗玻璃，这在根据本发明的多层窗玻璃的汽车应用中特别有利。如稍后将解释的，根据本发明的多层窗玻璃还能够实现相对简单的制造方法。粘性透明箔层还具有支撑性，可提供碎片安全结构，在与箔层接触的外层和/或内层压碎的情况下，将保留任何(或至少大部分的)所产生的碎片。
优选地，密封件不直接接触第一外层的轮廓边缘，而是在密封件和第一外层的边边缘之间设置了粘性透明箔层，因此密封件和粘性透明箔层合并/融合。这进一步提高了多层窗玻璃的密封件质量。
在权利要求的用语中，“外层的轮廓边缘”是指外层的外围边缘。此外，“层”一词也可以理解为“薄板”，“透明”必须被认为是可透过至少大部分光辐射(紫外线、可见光谱和/或红外线)。关于垫片，应注意，它们可以附接至第三内层的表面，但它们也可以附接至与第三内层的这一侧相邻(接触)的层的表面，例如第二外层(的内侧)。由于一些热塑性弹性体不交联，交联也可以解释为完全层压。
本发明还提供了这样一种多层窗玻璃，其进一步包括位于第三内层和第二外层之间的更薄且更小的第四透明内层；以及位于第四内层和第二外层之间的第二粘性透明箔层，其在第四内层的整个表面上连接第四内层和第二外层。其中，每个外层的厚度至少是每个内层的厚度的两倍，优选三倍，其中，外层突出于内层的所有侧面，并且其中，密封件围绕两个内层并气密连接外层的轮廓边缘。现在，通过添加另一个(第四)内层以及通过添加第二粘性透明箔层可使单个(第三)内层成为双层，其中，第二粘性透明箔层将添加的(第四)内层在其整个表面上粘附至第二外层。在根据本发明的可替代的多层窗玻璃中，双内层组件(在两个(第三和第四)内层之间设置垫片)完全封装在两个粘性透明箔层和围绕密封件的内层中。优选地，这里的密封件接触围绕内层的圆周突出的两个粘性透明箔层的一部分，使得密封件和两个粘性透明箔层可以在制造过程中合并/融合。这再次提高了多层窗玻璃的密封件质量。这种具有双内层的结构非常适合吸收由膨胀引起的应力，并且由于多层窗玻璃的“芯”完全被双层粘性透明箔层和密封件密封，因此具有良好的隔热性。另一个优点是双内层、两个箔层和密封件的这种“芯”可以作为半成品制造，该半成品可在以后和/或其他地点嵌入两个外层之间，从而提供许多其他运输可能性。没有外层的双内层“芯”也是本发明的一部分，这将在后面解释。再一个优点是，双粘性透明箔层具有支撑性，可提供碎片安全结构，这是因为它们可保留由两个外层和两个内层产生的任何碎片。就较小的第四透明内层的尺寸而言，该“较小的尺寸”涉及两个外层，外透明层优选地也突出于第四内层的所有侧面。至于第三内层的尺寸，第四内层的尺寸可与之相当或相同。至于每个外层的厚度，实际上(并且优选地)，该厚度是每个内层厚度的两倍以上。
在根据本发明的多层窗玻璃中，垫片可以提供与第三内层相邻的自由空间，该自由空间与外部空气气密分离。因此，垫片将第三内层与第二外层隔开，或者替代地，如果存在于层堆叠中，则将第三内层与第四内层隔开。在垫片周围的自由空间中，压力可能较低，即低于户外压力，或者甚至低于0.01bar，优选低于1x10-5bar。该自由空间，优选地具有低压或超低压，增强了多层窗玻璃的隔热性能。为了保持自由空间中的这种低压和/或防止污染进入自由空间，自由空间通过密封件与外部空气气密分离，可能和与密封件融合的箔层结合。在自由空间中具有低压的多层窗玻璃也称为“真空隔热玻璃”(VIG)。
透明箔层和/或密封件可由热塑性弹性体制成，例如像聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)、乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯(EVA)或热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)这样的粘性共聚物。这种热塑性弹性体的优点是在制造过程中使用简单，无论是否通过交联，在一定温度下可不可逆粘合，提供不可逆的密封性能。
本发明的多层窗玻璃可以是平坦的，但多层窗玻璃也可以具有弯曲形状。尤其是在汽车应用，会出现各种形状的多层窗玻璃，例如复杂形状的车窗。
在一个实施例中，至少一个内层的厚度小于2.1mm，但优选地，内层的厚度小于1mm，甚至更优选地在0.3-0.7mm的范围内。由于第一和第二外层的坚固性(厚度至少是内层厚度的两倍，但最好至少是内层厚度的三倍)，内层可能非常薄。可能出现的膨胀差异通过本发明的包含密封件和粘性透明箔层的多层窗玻璃的结构进行捕获。出于坚固性的目的，外层的厚度至少为1mm，但优选大于1mm。
垫片可以附接至第三内层、第二外层(在仅使用单个内层的情况下)和/或第四内层(在使用两个内层的情况下)。在一个实施例中，垫片被印在至少一层上，但垫片也可以体现为附接至至少一层的玻璃元件。窗玻璃层通常可以由玻璃和/或强化玻璃制成，但可替代地，也可以将其他透明材料用于一个或多个层，例如塑料材料。
本发明还提供了一种薄层窗玻璃芯，其结合在本发明的多层窗玻璃中，包括：至少两个堆叠的透明内层；垫片，垫片将两个内层隔开并在两个堆叠的内层之间提供自由空间；密封件，所述密封件围绕堆叠的内层，与外部空气形成透气连接；以及两个透明箔层，透明箔层覆盖两个内层的外部且都至少部分地覆盖密封件，其中内层、垫片、密封件和箔层通过两个堆叠的内层之间的自由空间的透气连接而与外部空气机械连接。根据本发明的多层窗玻璃，其中要嵌入这种窗玻璃芯，至少一个内层的厚度小于2.1mm，但优选地内层的厚度小于1mm，甚至更优选地在0.3–0.7mm的范围内。两个内层通常可由玻璃和/或强化玻璃制成。这种薄层窗玻璃芯可以在与本发明的多层窗玻璃不同的地点和时间制造，这提供了相当大的运输优势。
围绕的密封件和/或至少一个透明箔层可由热塑性弹性体制成，该热塑性弹性体处于预粘合的未完全交联或未交联状态。此外，围绕的密封件和/或透明箔层可具有预粘合的成型表面。在预粘合条件下，热塑性弹性体优选未交联(或至少未完全交联)，从而在本发明的多层窗玻璃的最终制造中，围绕的密封件和/或者至少一层透明箔层的粘合特性可用于组装最终产品。例如，这可以通过将热塑性弹性体预热到例如50℃(或30–70℃)来实现，从而为密封件、箔层、第三内层和第四内层的相对定位提供一些机械强度(无论是否发生交联，最终粘合通常在90℃-130℃的较高温度水平发生)。然而，重要的是保持两个堆叠的内层之间的自由空间与外部空气之间的透气连接(因此在此阶段密封件还不能气密密封自由空间)，以在本发明的最终多层板的制造过程中使自由空间能够脱气。其优点在于，作为半成品的薄层窗玻璃芯在最终制造之前不太容易损坏，并且可以选择封闭内玻璃层之间的自由空间的压力(也可能是填充气体)。
在执行多层板的最终制造步骤时，为了增强与内层之间的自由空间的气体交换，围绕的密封件和/或透明箔层可具有预粘合的成型表面。在最终的多层板的制造过程中，这种成型表面可以促进与内层之间的自由空间更容易地进行气体交换。为了向薄层窗玻璃芯提供机械相干性，可以对密封件和/或透明箔层进行点焊。
本发明还提供了一种制造本发明的多层窗玻璃的方法，其中，通过加热和并对堆叠包施加压力，将堆叠的两个外层、至少一个内层、垫片、至少一个中间透明箔层和密封件进行结合；其中，由邻近第三内层的垫片提供的自由空间受到低气压并随后与外部空气气密分离；并且其中，只要中间箔层没有硬化，通过中间箔层，将至少一个内层附接至相应的外层上的压力就保持在环境压力水平与自由空间的低压力水平的压力差水平以下。使用这种方法，可以减少由于多层窗玻璃变形引起的光学畸变。在本发明的多层窗玻璃已经产生之后，由于大气压力而产生的恒力穿过垫片上的外层和内层。该力可导致层围绕垫片局部弯曲并在一个或多个层中形成球形。由于永久内应力，这种变形(“摆动”)会导致多层窗玻璃的光学畸变和机械强度损失。本发明的窗玻璃多层结构将提供额外的强度，从而减少这种不希望的变形。然而，在本发明的多层窗玻璃的制造过程中，至少一个箔层可能变形，因为该层(这些层)在制造过程中的进行加热时会是粘性的或液体的，并且由于垫片所处位置的局部峰值压力负载，粘性/液体箔层材料会局部部分流走，直到箔层中的压力差差不多趋于平稳。这会导致成品箔层变形，从而导致更严重的光学畸变。本发明的解决方案是当箔层的粘度较低时，即当箔层被加热但尚未交联时，降低垫片的压力。因此，在箔层材料连接至少一个内层和外层并至少部分硬化后，大气压将首次作用于本发明的多层窗玻璃中的垫片上。
因此，在箔层材料冷却和/或交联之后，较厚的外层、箔材料和较薄的内层一起形成一个更坚固的元件，提供的强度大大高于单独的材料层，并保持所有层的厚度更加均匀。
在本发明的方法的一个具体实施例中，所述方法包括以下方法步骤：a)通过加热，利用中间透明箔层，将至少一个内层与外层附接，直到中间箔层至少部分交联；b)将预处理的内层/中间箔/外层部分叠层与至少一个附加外层和密封件堆叠，c)将方法步骤b)中得到的叠层置于低压环境中，同时加热叠层并对叠层施加压力，在此过程中，从自由空间施加密封气体；d)用密封件气密封闭自由空间，并将多层窗玻璃的所有层进行结合。在该方法的一个具体实施例中，在执行步骤a)时，利用各中间透明箔层，将两个内层附接至相应的外层，直到两个中间箔层至少部分交联，在执行步骤b)时，预处理的内层/中间箔/外层部分堆叠都可与中间密封件堆叠。在这些方法中，首先制造外层、箔层和内层的一种或两种坚固组合，然后制造完整窗玻璃的最终多层叠层。因此，箔层材料可以在制造最终产品之前硬化。
可替代地，本发明的方法包括以下方法步骤：e)将堆叠的两个外层、至少一个内层、垫片、至少一个中间透明箔层和密封件放置在低压环境中，从而使自由空间处于低压水平，f)气密封闭自由空间；g)将堆叠包上的外部压力提高到方法步骤e)中使用的低压水平和环境压力之间的中间压力水平，加热堆叠包直到堆叠包相结合，且至少一个箔层硬化；h)将结合的叠层上的压力提高到环境压力水平。例如，低压水平可能在[0–0.1]bar的范围内(以在自由空间中提供近似真空)，中压水平可能在[0.15–0.7]bar的范围内。在这些可选方法中，用于将多层窗玻璃的所有层进行结合的压力保持在较低水平，直到箔材料至少部分硬化。此外，通过这些方法，可以防止或至少限制粘性或液体(＝软)箔材料的变形。
在该方法的又一个实施例中，其中，用于将多层窗玻璃的所有层进行结合的压力保持在较低水平，直到箔材料在堆叠外层和内层之前至少部分硬化，根据方法步骤f)堆叠所述外层、内层、密封件和至少一个透明箔层之前，本发明的薄层窗玻璃芯被(较早)制成半成品，在方法步骤f)中将薄层窗玻璃芯结合作为堆叠的外层、内层、密封件和至少一个透明箔层的一部分。如前所述，将窗玻璃芯作为半成品制造可提供显着的运输优势。为了在这种薄层窗玻璃芯中提供一定整体性，在方法步骤f)中将薄层窗玻璃芯结合作为堆叠的外层、内层、密封件和至少一个透明箔层的一部分之前，将薄层窗玻璃芯加热至<65℃，优选<55℃。例如，这样就提供了一种选择，薄层窗玻璃芯作为半成品可在不同地点制造，然后在所述地点执行后续的方法步骤f)-h)。
垫片通常会在层堆叠之前附接至层(优选内层)，但可替代地，垫片也可以在一些层部分堆叠之后设置。
在该方法的一个具体实施例中，至少部分制造过程在高压釜中进行。高压釜是一种用于实现相对于环境压力/温度需要更高或更低温度和压力的工业过程的设备。可在高压釜中实现对堆叠的两个外层、至少一个内层、垫片、至少一个中间透明箔层和密封件的加热和施加压力，以结合形成叠层并为自由空间提供低压，其中，堆叠的材料被放置在不透气的袋子中，袋子连接抽气机。从袋中提取气体(并允许气体/空气再次进入袋中)，可以很好地控制叠层的压力变化。
附图说明
基于以下附图所示的非限制性示例性实施例，将进一步阐述本发明。在此示出：
图1A示出根据本发明的具有单个内层的多层窗玻璃的组件在组装之前的横截面图；
图1B示出根据图1A的多层窗玻璃的组件在组装之后的横截面；
图2A示出根据本发明的具有两个内层的多层窗玻璃的替代实施例的组件在组装之前的横截面；
图2B示出根据图1B的多层窗玻璃的组件在组装之后的横截面；
图3示出具有垫片的已组装的外层、箔层和内层的横截面；
图4示出根据本发明的薄层窗玻璃芯在组装之后的横截面；和
图5是根据本发明的汽车窗玻璃的侧视图。
具体实施方式
图1A示出了根据本发明的多层窗玻璃1的各个组件的横截面，多层窗玻璃1具有第一透明外层2、第二透明外层3和位于外层2、3之间的较小的第三透明内层4。还可见的是，外层2、3突出于第三内层4的所有侧面。粘性透明箔层5设置在第一外层2和第三内层4之间。密封件6围绕第三内层4。外层2、3的厚度D1、D2是第三内层4的厚度D3的两倍。在第三内层4的整个表面7上分布有面向第二外层3的垫片8。在图1A中，组件尚未结合在一起。
在图1B中，如图1A所示的组件现在被组装(结合)成本发明的多层窗玻璃1。粘性透明箔层5连接第三内层4和第一外层2，密封件6连接外层2、3(连同粘性透明箔层5)。此处的密封件6甚至与箔层5合并。在垫片8周围存在自由空间9，自由空间9通过密封件6和箔层5与环境10气密密封。在自由空间9中，气体压力优选地低于环境中的气压(更优选地接近真空)。
图2A示出了多层窗玻璃11的替代实施例的组件在组装之前的横截面，其中，与图1A和1B所示的多层窗玻璃1的组件相对应的相同组件具有相同的附图标记。与图1A、1B的窗玻璃1相比，多层窗玻璃11具有两个内层5、12；第三内层5(如前所述)和附加的第四内层12。在第四内层12和第二外层3之间设置附加的粘性透明箔层13。第四内层12也小于外层2、3。第四内层14的厚度D4比外层2、3的厚度D1、D2小一半，且与第三内层4的厚度D3的厚度差不多相同。
在图2B中，如图2A所示的组件现在组装(结合)成本发明的多层窗玻璃1。粘性透明箔层13连接第四内层12和第二外层3，密封件6连接外层2、3(连同粘性透明箔层5、13)。此外，此处的密封件6可与箔层5、12合并。垫片8周围的自由空间9位于两个内层5、12之间，并且还通过密封件6和箔层5、12与环境10气密密封。
图3示出了具有垫片8的已组装的外层2、箔层5和内层4的横截面，其中的元件已结合形成半成品20。优选地，箔层5为不可逆硬化(交联)，因此当再次加热时，它不会失去其坚固性。在本发明的多层窗玻璃1、11的制造过程中，使用这种半成品20可限制成品窗玻璃箔层5、13变形并导致光学畸变的可能性。
图4示出了根据本发明的薄层窗玻璃芯30在组装之后的横截面，其将作为半成品结合到本发明的多层窗玻璃1、11中。窗玻璃芯30具有两个堆叠的透明内层31、32，垫片33将两个内层31、32隔开并在内层31、32之间提供自由空间34。密封件35围绕内层31、32(不可见的是：与外部空气形成透气连接)。两个透明箔层36、37覆盖内层31、32的外部且覆盖密封件35，但透明箔层36、37没有与密封件35完全合并，因为在两个堆叠的内层31、32之间的自由空间34与外部空气10之间仍然保持着透气连接。
图5示出了根据本发明的具有三维形状的汽车窗玻璃40的侧视图。

Claims (20)

1.多层窗玻璃，其特征在于，包括：
-第一透明外层，
-第二个透明外层，和
-第三透明内层，所述第三透明内层较小，位于所述外层之间，使得所述透明外层突出于所述第三内层的所有侧面，
-粘性透明箔层，所述粘性透明箔层位于所述第一外层和所述第三内层之间，在所述第三内层的整个表面上连接所述第三内层和所述第一外层；
-密封件，所述密封件围绕所述第三内层并气密连接所述外层的轮廓边缘；
其中，每个外层的厚度至少是所述第三内层厚度的两倍，并且
其中，所述多层窗玻璃还包括分布在所述第三内层面向所述第二外层的一侧的整个表面上的垫片。
2.根据权利要求1所述的多层窗玻璃，其特征在于，所述多层窗玻璃还包括：
-第四透明内层，所述第四透明内层更薄、更小，位于所述第三内层和所述第二外层之间，以及
-第二粘性透明箔层，所述第二粘性透明箔层位于所述第四内层和所述第二外层之间，在所述第四内层的整个表面上连接所述第四内层和所述第二外层；
其中，每个外层的厚度至少是每个内层厚度的两倍，
其中，所述外层突出于所述内层的所有侧面，并且
其中，所述密封件围绕所述内层且气密连接外层的轮廓边缘。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的多层窗玻璃，其特征在于，所述垫片提供与所述第三内层相邻的自由空间，所述自由空间与外部空气气密分离。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的多层窗玻璃，其特征在于，至少一个透明箔层和/或密封件由热塑性弹性体制成，例如像聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)、乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯(EVA)或热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)这样的粘性共聚物。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的多层窗玻璃，其特征在于，所述多层窗玻璃具有弯曲形状。
6.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的多层窗玻璃，其特征在于，至少一个内层的厚度小于2.1mm，优选地为0.3-0.7mm。
7.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的多层窗玻璃，其特征在于，所述垫片被印在一层上。
8.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的多层窗玻璃，其特征在于，所述垫片是附接在一个层上的玻璃元件。
9.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的多层窗玻璃，其特征在于，所述层中的至少一层由玻璃、强化玻璃或塑料制成。
10.一种结合在根据权利要求2-9中任一项所述的多层窗玻璃中的薄层窗玻璃芯，其特征在于，包括：
-至少两个堆叠的透明内层；
-垫片，所述垫片将两个内层隔开并在两个堆叠的内层之间提供自由空间；
-密封件，所述密封件围绕堆叠的内层，与外部空气形成透气连接；和
-两个透明箔层，所述透明箔层覆盖两个内层的外部且都至少部分地覆盖所述密封件；
其中，所述内层、垫片、密封件和箔层通过两个堆叠内层之间的自由空间与外部空气的透气连接而机械连接。
11.根据权利要求10所述的薄层窗玻璃芯，其特征在于，所述围绕的密封件和/或至少一个所述透明箔层由处于预粘合的未完全交联或未交联状态的热塑性弹性体制成。
12.根据权利要求10或11所述的薄层窗玻璃芯，其特征在于，所述围绕的密封件和/或所述透明箔层具有预粘合的成型表面。
13.根据权利要求10-12中任一项所述的薄层窗玻璃芯，其特征在于，所述围绕的密封件和/或所述透明箔层进行点焊，以向所述薄层窗玻璃芯提供机械相干性。
14.一种用于制造根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的多层窗玻璃的方法，其中，通过加热并对叠层施加压力，将所述堆叠的两个外层、至少一个内层、垫片、至少一个中间透明箔层和密封件进行结合；
其中，邻近所述第三内层的垫片提供的自由空间受到低气压并随后与外部空气气密分离；和
其中，只要中间箔层未硬化，利用中间箔层，将至少一个内层附接至相应外层上的压力保持在环境压力水平与自由空间的低压水平的压力差水平以下。
15.根据权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，包括以下方法步骤：
a)通过加热，利用中间透明箔层，将至少一个内层与外层附接，直到中间箔层至少部分交联；
b)将预处理的内层/中间箔/外层部分叠层与至少一个附加外层和密封件进行堆叠，c)将方法步骤b)中得到的叠层置于低压环境中，同时加热叠层并对叠层施加压力，在此过程中，从自由空间施加密封气体；和
d)用密封件气密封闭自由空间，并将多层窗玻璃的所有层进行结合。
16.根据权利要求15所述的方法，其特征在于，在执行步骤a)时，利用各中间透明箔层，将两个内层附接至相应的外层，直到两个中间箔层至少部分地交联，并且在执行步骤b)时，预处理的内层/中间箔/外层部分叠层都与中间密封件堆叠。
17.根据权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，包括以下方法步骤：
e)将堆叠的两个外层、至少一个内层、垫片、至少一个中间透明箔层和密封件放置在低压环境中，从而使自由空间处于低压水平，
f)气密封闭所述自由空间；
g)将堆叠包上的外部压力提高到方法步骤e)中使用的低压水平和环境压力之间的中间压力水平，加热所述堆叠包直到所述堆叠包结合且至少一个箔层硬化；和
h)将结合的叠层的压力提高到环境压力水平。
18.根据权利要求17所述的方法，其特征在于，在根据方法步骤f)堆叠所述外层、内层、密封件和至少一个透明箔层之前，根据权利要求10-13中任一项的薄层窗玻璃芯被制成半成品，在方法步骤f)中将薄层窗玻璃芯合并作为待堆叠的外层、内层、密封件和至少一个透明箔层的一部分。
19.根据权利要求18所述的方法，其特征在于，在方法步骤f)中将薄层窗玻璃芯集合作为堆叠的外层、内层、密封件和至少一个透明箔层的一部分之前，将薄层窗玻璃芯加热至<65℃，优选<55℃。
20.根据权利要求18或19所述的方法，其特征在于，薄层窗玻璃芯作为半成品在不同的地点制造，然后在所述地点执行后续的方法步骤f)-h)。
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