CN115028577A - 一种2-氯-n-(2-氯-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)烟酰胺的提纯方法 - Google Patents
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- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title abstract description 14
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- UOBCYTOUXLAABU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-4-methylpyridin-3-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC=NC(Cl)=C1N UOBCYTOUXLAABU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
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- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/78—Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms, with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
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- C07D213/82—Amides; Imides in position 3
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Abstract
本发明公开一种2‑氯‑N‑(2‑氯‑4‑甲基吡啶‑3‑基)烟酰胺的提纯方法,包括如下步骤:步骤一,将2‑氯烟酸和氯化亚砜经酰化反应、浓缩、溶解得到2‑氯烟酰氯,再与2‑氯‑3‑氨基‑4‑甲基吡啶发生胺化反应,析晶得到2‑氯‑N‑(2‑氯‑4‑甲基吡啶‑3‑基)烟酰胺粗品;步骤二,将2‑氯‑N‑(2‑氯‑4‑甲基吡啶‑3‑基)烟酰胺粗品经提纯得到2‑氯‑N‑(2‑氯‑4‑甲基吡啶‑3‑基)烟酰胺成品。此种2‑氯‑N‑(2‑氯‑4‑甲基吡啶‑3‑基)烟酰胺的提纯方法采用甲醇水或乙醇水进行提纯,工艺简单,原料易得,提纯效果好,所得产品收率高,质量好,适合工业生产使用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医药技术领域,具体涉及一种2-氯-N-(2-氯-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)烟酰胺的提纯方法。
背景技术
2-氯-N-(2-氯-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)烟酰胺是合成奈韦拉平的关键中间体,其分子式为C12H9Cl2N3O,分子量为282.13,外观为白色或类白色结晶性粉末,其结构式如下式所示:
奈韦拉平是德国勃林格殷格翰(BoehringerIngelheim)公司研发,用于阻止HIV的母婴间传播的抗艾滋病药物。奈韦拉平是HIV-1的非核甘类逆转录酶抑制剂(Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor,NNRTI)。奈韦拉平与 HIV-1的逆转录酶直接连接并且通过使此酶的催化端破裂来阻断RNA依赖和DNA依赖的DNA聚合酶活性,从而有效地减少体内的病毒数量,恢复人体免疫功能。奈韦拉平是目前使用最广泛的抗艾滋病药物之一,主要用于防治母婴病毒传染。因此,研究低成本高效率2-氯-N-(2-氯-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)烟酰胺的提纯方法具有重要意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的,在于提供一种2-氯-N-(2-氯-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)烟酰胺的提纯方法,此提纯方法工艺简单,原料易得,符合企业实际,适合工业生产使用。
为了达成上述目的,本发明的解决方案是:
一种2-氯-N-(2-氯-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)烟酰胺的提纯方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤一,将2-氯烟酸和氯化亚砜经酰化反应、浓缩、溶解得到2-氯烟酰氯,再与2-氯-3-氨基-4-甲基吡啶发生胺化反应,析晶得到2-氯-N-(2-氯-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)烟酰胺粗品;
步骤二,将2-氯-N-(2-氯-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)烟酰胺粗品经提纯得到2-氯-N-(2-氯-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)烟酰胺成品。
上述步骤一中,2-氯烟酸与氯化亚砜的投料摩尔比为1:2.5~3.0,酰化反应的温度为65~75℃,酰化反应的时间为1~4小时。
上述步骤一中,酰化反应结束后,将反应所得物质通过减压浓缩,将氯化亚砜全部蒸出,得到2-氯烟酰氯固体,并使用溶剂溶解后,与2-氯-3-氨基-4-甲基吡啶发生胺化反应。
上述溶剂采用苯、甲苯或二甲苯。
上述步骤一中,胺化反应中2-氯-3-氨基-4-甲基吡啶与2-氯烟酰氯的投料摩尔比为1:1.05~1.25,反应温度为60~70℃,胺化反应溶剂为苯、甲苯或二甲苯,胺化反应的时间为4~10小时。
上述步骤一中,胺化反应过程中还加入缚酸剂,缚酸剂为吡啶或三乙胺。
上述步骤一中,采用水作为析晶试剂,析晶温度为60~70℃,析晶后降温至0~10℃保温1~2小时,抽滤得到2-氯-N-(2-氯-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)烟酰胺粗品。
上述步骤二的具体内容是,2-氯-N-(2-氯-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)烟酰胺粗品先经溶剂溶解升温,然后降温析晶,抽滤干燥得到2-氯-N-(2-氯-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)烟酰胺成品。
上述溶剂采用甲醇水或乙醇水,2-氯-N-(2-氯-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)烟酰胺粗品加入溶剂后升温至65~78℃保温4~8小时,降温析晶的温度为0~10℃,保温析晶的时间为2~4小时。
上述干燥条件为温度75~90℃,真空度≤-0.09Mpa。
采用上述方案后,本发明工艺简单,采用甲醇水或乙醇水提纯工艺具有提纯效果好,所得产品收率高、质量好的优点,适合工业化生产。
具体实施方式
以下将结合具体实施例,对本发明的技术方案及有益效果进行详细说明。
本发明提供一种2-氯-N-(2-氯-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)烟酰胺的提纯方法,首先将2-氯烟酸和氯化亚砜经酰化反应、浓缩、溶解得到2-氯烟酰氯,再与2-氯-3-氨基-4-甲基吡啶发生胺化反应,析晶得到2-氯-N-(2-氯-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)烟酰胺粗品(纯度≥98.0%);然后,2-氯-N-(2-氯-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)烟酰胺粗品经溶剂升温除杂、降温析晶、抽滤、干燥等得到2-氯-N-(2-氯-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)烟酰胺成品(纯度≥99.90%)。
其中,酰化反应中2-氯烟酸与氯化亚砜的投料摩尔比为1:2.5~3.0,酰化反应的温度为65~75℃,酰化反应的时间为1~4小时;酰化反应结束应将多余的氯化亚砜浓缩干净,浓缩后得到的2-氯烟酰氯需用溶剂将其溶解待用,溶解溶剂为苯、甲苯、二甲苯等;
其中,胺化反应中2-氯-3-氨基-4-甲基吡啶与2-氯烟酰氯的投料摩尔比为1:1.05~1.25,反应温度为60~70℃,胺化反应溶剂为苯、甲苯、二甲苯等,胺化反应的时间为4~10小时;所述胺化反应过程需加入缚酸剂,所用的缚酸剂为吡啶、三乙胺;析晶的方法为胺化反应结束后向体系中加入析晶试剂、降温、抽滤得到2-氯-N-(2-氯-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)烟酰胺粗品,所用析晶试剂为水,析晶温度为60~70℃,析晶后降温至0~10℃保温1~2小时;
其中,2-氯-N-(2-氯-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)烟酰胺粗品经溶剂升温除杂、降温析晶、抽滤、干燥等得到2-氯-N-(2-氯-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)烟酰胺成品;升温除杂所用溶剂为乙醇水、甲醇水等,升温至65~78℃保温4~8小时,降温析晶的温度为0~10℃,保温析晶的时间为2~4小时;2-氯-N-(2-氯-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)烟酰胺的干燥条件为温度75~90℃,真空度≥-0.09Mpa。
实施例1:2-氯烟酰氯的制备
惰性气体保护下,向反应瓶中加入2-氯烟酸34.5g,氯化亚砜73.5g,体系不搅拌,缓慢升温至65℃~75℃,待体系溶解开启搅拌,保温反应2小时,保温结束减压浓缩出多余的氯化亚砜得到2-氯烟酰氯固体,用14g甲苯溶解待用。
实施例2:2-氯-N-(2-氯-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)烟酰胺粗品的制备
惰性气体保护下,向反应瓶中加入2-氯-3-氨基-4-甲基吡啶30g,甲苯122g,吡啶21.5g,开启搅拌,缓慢升温至60℃~70℃保温反应2小时,控温60℃~70℃滴加上步得到的2-氯烟酰氯的甲苯溶液,滴毕,60℃~70℃保温反应4小时,保温结束加入90g水搅拌析晶,降温至0~10℃保温1小时,抽滤得到2-氯-N-(2-氯-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)烟酰胺粗品。
实施例3:2-氯-N-(2-氯-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)烟酰胺粗品的提纯
惰性气体保护下,向反应瓶中加入整批2-氯-N-(2-氯-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)烟酰胺粗品,95%乙醇180g,水180g,搅拌并缓慢升温至70℃~75℃搅拌4小时,降温至0℃~10℃保温2小时,抽滤,干燥等得到2-氯-N-(2-氯-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)烟酰胺成品(纯度99.98%)。
表1 提纯溶剂乙醇水比例的筛选
粗品投料量/g | 95%乙醇:水 | 产出量/g | 收率 | 纯度 |
30 | 1:4 | 29.27 | 97.57% | 99.71% |
30 | 1:2 | 28.86 | 96.20% | 99.84% |
30 | 1:1 | 28.34 | 94.46% | 99.98% |
30 | 1:0.5 | 19.71 | 65.70% | 99.98% |
30 | 1:0 | 13.13 | 43.77% | 99.99% |
表2 提纯溶剂甲醇水比例的筛选
粗品投料量/g | 甲醇:水 | 产出量/g | 收率 | 纯度 |
30 | 1:4 | 29.06 | 96.87% | 99.51% |
30 | 1:2 | 28.54 | 95.13% | 99.66% |
30 | 1:1 | 27.19 | 90.63% | 99.79% |
30 | 1:0.5 | 18.22 | 60.73% | 99.87% |
30 | 1:0 | 11.93 | 39.77% | 99.94% |
由以上数据可知,为保证产品质量(纯度≥99.9%)和产品收率,优选提纯溶剂95%乙醇与水的比例为1:1。
以上实施例仅为说明本发明的技术思想,不能以此限定本发明的保护范围,凡是按照本发明提出的技术思想,在技术方案基础上所做的任何改动,均落入本发明保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种2-氯-N-(2-氯-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)烟酰胺的提纯方法,其特征在于包括如下步骤:
步骤一,将2-氯烟酸和氯化亚砜经酰化反应、浓缩、溶解得到2-氯烟酰氯,再与2-氯-3-氨基-4-甲基吡啶发生胺化反应,析晶得到2-氯-N-(2-氯-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)烟酰胺粗品;
步骤二,将2-氯-N-(2-氯-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)烟酰胺粗品经提纯得到2-氯-N-(2-氯-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)烟酰胺成品。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:所述步骤一中,2-氯烟酸与氯化亚砜的投料摩尔比为1:2.5~3.0,酰化反应的温度为65~75℃,酰化反应的时间为1~4小时。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:所述步骤一中,酰化反应结束后,将反应所得物质通过减压浓缩,将氯化亚砜全部蒸出,得到2-氯烟酰氯固体,并使用溶剂溶解后,与2-氯-3-氨基-4-甲基吡啶发生胺化反应。
4.如权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于:所述溶剂采用苯、甲苯或二甲苯。
5.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:所述步骤一中,胺化反应中2-氯-3-氨基-4-甲基吡啶与2-氯烟酰氯的投料摩尔比为1:1.05~1.25,反应温度为60~70℃,胺化反应溶剂为苯、甲苯或二甲苯,胺化反应的时间为4~10小时。
6.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:所述步骤一中,胺化反应过程中还加入缚酸剂,缚酸剂为吡啶或三乙胺。
7.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:所述步骤一中,采用水作为析晶试剂,析晶温度为60~70℃,析晶后降温至0~10℃保温1~2小时,抽滤得到2-氯-N-(2-氯-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)烟酰胺粗品。
8.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:所述步骤二的具体内容是,2-氯-N-(2-氯-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)烟酰胺粗品先经溶剂溶解升温,然后降温析晶,抽滤干燥得到2-氯-N-(2-氯-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)烟酰胺成品。
9.如权利要求8所述的方法,其特征在于:所述溶剂采用甲醇水或乙醇水,2-氯-N-(2-氯-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)烟酰胺粗品加入溶剂后升温至65~78℃保温4~8小时,降温析晶的温度为0~10℃,保温析晶的时间为2~4小时。
10.如权利要求8所述的方法,其特征在于:所述干燥条件为温度75~90℃,真空度≤-0.09Mpa。
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