CN115025190B - 一种治疗难治性原发性胆汁性胆管炎的中药复方组合物 - Google Patents
一种治疗难治性原发性胆汁性胆管炎的中药复方组合物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗难治性原发性胆汁性胆管炎的中药复方组合物及其制备方法,包括生黄芪30~90份,北沙参20~40份,麦冬10~20份,五味子8~12份,赤芍20~60份,丹参15~30份,苦杏仁5~15份,化橘红5~15份,女贞子10~30份,墨旱莲10~30份,拳参10~30份,蒲公英10~30份,鸡内金8~20份,生白术8~20份,白茅根20~60份,地骨皮10~20份,焦六神曲8~30份,焦山楂8~30份,炒麦芽8~30份,砂仁4~8份。本发明治疗难治性原发性胆汁性胆管炎的中药复方组合药物对PBC肝脏关键受累的胆道组织,有显著的保护作用,为临床治疗原发性胆汁性胆管炎这一难治性疾病提供有效的治疗药物,且经济实用,临床应用前景广阔。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中药领域,涉及一种治疗难治性原发性胆汁性胆管炎的中药复方组合物。
背景技术
原发性胆汁性胆管炎(primary biliary cholangitis,PBC)曾被称为原发性胆汁性肝硬化(primary biliary cirrhosis,PBC),是一种以肝脏为主要靶器官的慢性进展性自身免疫性胆汁淤积性疾病,主要病理改变为肝内小胆管非化脓性炎症,最终导致肝纤维化及肝硬化。该病发病机制尚不完全清楚,可能与遗传背景及环境等因素相互作用所导致的异常自身免疫反应有关。PBC多见于中老年女性,临床表现隐匿,部分患者发现时已出现肝硬化,但近年来随着对疾病认识的提高,越来越多早期患者被诊断,这些患者的肝脏病理尚处于小胆管炎症状态,治疗反应相对较好。2010年我国PBC流行病学研究报道,其患病率为49.2/10万,其中,40岁以上女性的患病率为155.8/10万。本病最常见的临床表现为乏力和皮肤瘙痒;其病理特点为进行性、非化脓性、破坏性肝内小胆管炎,最终可发展至肝硬化;目前临床诊断要点:(1)以中年女性为主,其主要临床表现为乏力、皮肤瘙痒、黄疸、骨质疏松和脂溶性维生素缺乏,可伴有多种自身免疫性疾病,但也有很多患者无明显临床症状;(2)生物化学检查:血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、谷氨酰转肽酶(GGT)明显升高最常见;谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)可轻度升高,通常为2~4×ULN(正常值上限);(3)免疫学检查:免疫球蛋白升高以IgM为主,抗线粒体抗体(AMA)阳性是最具诊断价值的实验室检查,其中以第2型(AMA-M2)最具特异性;(4)影像学检查:对所有胆汁淤积患者均应进行肝胆系统的超声检查;超声提示胆管系统正常且AMA阳性的患者,可诊断PBC;(5)肝活组织病理学检查:AMA阴性者,需进行肝活组织病理学检查才能确定诊断。下述3条满足2条,可诊断为PBC:(1)ALP升高等反映胆汁淤积的血清生物化学证据;(2)血清AMA/AMA-M2或抗sp100抗体、抗gp210抗体阳性;(3)肝脏组织病理学提示非化脓性破坏性胆管炎和小叶间胆管破坏等改变[1]。
当前本病的一线治疗方案为口服熊去氧胆酸(UDCA),其主要作用机制为促进胆汁分泌、抑制疏水性胆酸的细胞毒作用及其所诱导的细胞凋亡,因而保护胆管细胞和肝细胞。推荐剂量为13~15mg/Kg/d,分次或1次顿服;但UDCA疗程不确定,中断UDCA后易出现病情反复,部分病人出现腹泻等消化道不良反应。PBC中UDCA治疗应答不全或完全无应答者并不少见,对UDCA治疗反应欠佳的PBC患者,目前FDA批准的二线治疗药物仅有6-乙基鹅去氧胆酸——奥贝胆酸。贝特类降脂药如非诺贝特、苯扎贝特等,有改善UDCA治疗反应不佳的PBC患者生化指标的疗效。其他药物包括糖皮质激素(布地奈德、泼尼松龙、甲泼尼龙等)、吗替麦考酚酯、硫唑嘌呤、甲氨蝶呤、环孢素、他克莫司等免疫抑制剂,利妥昔单抗(CD20单抗)等生物制剂等,但这些药物的有效性还需要更大样本量临床研究的验证,且存在免疫抑制、感染几率升高、药物性肝损害等严重不良反应[2]。
根据本病乏力、胁痛、黄疸等主要临床症状,中医将PBC归为虚劳、积聚、黄疸、鼓胀等疾病范畴。患者多因饮食不节、情志失调、感受外邪后,气血运行失调,正气亏耗,肝为藏血之脏,其体为阴,气血不畅,肝体失养,阴血渐亏,终致气阴两伤;肝用为阳,其特性是喜条达,恶抑郁,气机郁滞,阴血亏耗,日久化热,热郁于内,又与阴血搏结,化而为瘀,瘀热互结,络脉不畅;瘀能助热,热又致瘀,互为因果,体现出难治性PBC病理因素胶着难化,病程迁延,治疗棘手的临床特征。故而难治性PBC中医病机核心特点为气阴两虚,瘀热入络。针对此病机特点,本发明确立益气养阴,凉血化瘀,清热通络的复合治疗大法。
参考文献:
[1]张奉春,王立,帅宗文,吴振彪,张文,张卓莉,林进,赵岩.原发性胆汁性胆管炎诊疗规范(2021)[J].中华内科杂志,2021,60(08):709-715.
[2]尤红,段维佳,李淑香,吕婷婷,陈莎,陆伦根,马雄,韩英,南月敏,徐小元,段钟平,魏来,贾继东,庄辉.原发性胆汁性胆管炎的诊断和治疗指南(2021)[J].临床肝胆病杂志,2022,38(01):35-41.
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是针对现有技术的不足,提供一种治疗难治性原发性胆汁性胆管炎的中药复方组合物,能够在口服治疗的3个月时对PBC肝脏关键受累的胆道组织,起到显著的保护作用。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明公开了一种治疗难治性原发性胆汁性胆管炎的中药复方组合物,它包括如下重量份数的组分:
生黄芪30~90份,
北沙参20~40份,
麦冬10~20份,
五味子8~12份,
赤芍20~60份,
丹参15~30份,
苦杏仁5~15份,
化橘红5~15份,
女贞子10~30份,
墨旱莲10~30份,
拳参10~30份,
蒲公英10~30份,
鸡内金8~20份,
生白术8~20份,
白茅根20~60份,
地骨皮10~20份,
焦六神曲8~30份,
焦山楂8~30份,
炒麦芽8~30份,
砂仁4~8份。
优选地,所述的中药复方组合物包括如下重量份数的组分:
生黄芪60份,
北沙参30份,
麦冬15份,
五味子10份,
赤芍30份,
丹参20份,
苦杏仁10份,
化橘红10份,
女贞子15份,
墨旱莲15份,
拳参15份,
蒲公英15份,
鸡内金10份,
生白术10份,
白茅根30份,
地骨皮15份,
焦六神曲10份,
焦山楂10份,
炒麦芽10份,
砂仁6份。
所述的中药复方组合物的制备方法,将配方量的组分加水煎煮制得。
所述的中药复方组合物在制备治疗难治性原发性胆汁性胆管炎药物中的应用也在本发明的保护范围之内。
所述的中药复方组合物与熊去氧胆酸组成的组合物也在本发明的保护范围之内。
所述的组合物在制备治疗难治性原发性胆汁性胆管炎药物中的应用也在本发明的保护范围之内。
本发明所述的中药组合物的中药配伍原理为:
方中生黄芪、北沙参、赤芍、丹参为君药,重在益气养阴活血,生黄芪益气健脾而无温燥之虞,北沙参养阴而无滋腻之弊,赤芍、丹参入肝经凉血活血,兼可养血柔肝,以顺肝藏血之性;麦冬、五味子、女贞子、墨旱莲、白茅根、地骨皮、拳参、蒲公英为臣药,辅助君药益气养阴、凉血活血之用,其中拳参、蒲公英清化湿热,加强凉肝化瘀之力;苦杏仁、化橘红、炒麦芽、砂仁、鸡内金、生白术、焦六神曲、焦山楂为佐药,以健运脾胃,扶助中州,一来健运后天之本,使气血生化有源,二来避免寒性药物损伤脾胃之气;全方以益气养阴凉血活血为主,兼顾脾胃,紧抓PBC气阴两虚,瘀热入络的病机特点,故能在临床上取得较好效果。
生黄芪
[药性]:味甘,性微温,归脾、肺经。
[功效]:补气升阳,益卫固表,利尿消肿,托毒生肌,属补气药。
[应用]:治疗脾胃气虚以及中气下陷导致的倦怠无力、久泻脱肛等病症,肺气虚以及表虚自汗导致的咳喘气短等症状,气虚导致的浮肿、小便不利、疮疡内陷等病症。
[药理]:抗衰老、抗辐射、抗炎、降血脂、降血糖、抗肿瘤、保肝等作用。
北沙参
[药性]:味甘,微寒,归肺、胃经。
[功效]:养阴清肺,益胃生津。
[应用]:治疗肺阴不足所导致的肺热、燥咳、干咳、少痰或者无痰,或者是肺痨、久咳、咽干、声哑,以及胃阴虚导致的胃热伤阴。
[药理]:调节体液免疫和细胞免疫两方面的作用;调节血糖、保肝、抗菌、镇静、镇痛、抗肿瘤、抗突变等作用。
麦冬
[药性]:味甘,微苦,性微寒,归心、肺、胃经。
[功效]:养阴润肺,益胃生津,清心除烦。
[应用]:肺阴虚证,胃阴虚证,心阴虚、邪扰心营导致的心烦失眠证。
[药理]:抗缺氧保护、抗心律失常、改善心肌收缩力、抗休克、促进体液免疫和细胞免疫、降血糖、抗炎、镇静、催眠、抗凝血等作用。
五味子
[药性]:味酸、甘,性温,归肺、心、肾经。
[功效]:收敛固涩,益气生津,补肾宁心。
[应用]:久咳虚喘,自汗,盗汗,久泻不止,津伤口渴,消渴,心悸,失眠,多梦等。
[药理]:镇痛作用、肌肉松弛、保肝、扩血管、提高心肌代谢酶活性、改善心肌的营养和功能等作用。
赤芍
[药性]:味苦,性微寒,归肝经。
[功效]:清热凉血,散瘀止痛。
[应用]:温毒发斑,血热吐血,经闭痛经,癥瘕积聚,跌打损伤,目赤肿痛。
[药理]:扩张冠状动脉、增加冠脉血流量、抑制血小板聚集、抗血栓形成、镇静、镇痛、解痉、抗炎、抗惊厥、抗溃疡、降压等作用。
丹参
[药性]:味苦,性微寒,归心、肝经。
[功效]:活血化瘀,痛经止痛,清心除烦。
[应用]:治疗胸痈心痛,心烦不眠,月经不调,痛经疮疡等病症。
[药理]:抗心脏缺血、抗心肌梗死、抗血栓、降血脂、保肝、促进胆汁分泌、抗氧化、促进骨折、皮肤伤口的愈合、改善肾功能等作用。
苦杏仁
[药性]:味苦,性微温,归肺、大肠经。
[功效]:止咳平喘,润肠通便。
[应用]:咳嗽喘息,肠燥便秘。
[药理]:镇咳、平喘、抗炎、镇痛、抗突变、润肠通便、对伤寒杆菌、副伤寒杆菌有一定的抑制作用。
化橘红
[药性]:味辛、苦,性温,归脾、肺经。
[功效]:理气宽中,燥湿化痰。
[应用]:用于治疗咳嗽痰多、食积伤酒、呕恶痞闷等病症。
[药理]:抗氧化、抗炎、降低血小板聚集、增加血液悬浮的稳定性、增快血流等作用。
女贞子
[药性]:味甘、苦,性凉,归肝、肾经。
[功效]:滋补肝肾,乌须明目。
[应用]:治疗肝肾阴虚所导致的目暗不明、视力减退、须发早白、眩晕耳鸣、失眠多梦、腰膝酸软、遗精等病症。
[药理]:提高机体免疫力、降低血脂、抗动脉粥样硬化、抗衰老、强心、利尿、降血糖等作用。
墨旱莲
[药性]:味甘、酸,性寒,归肾、肝经。
[功效]:滋补肝肾,凉血止血。
[应用]:治疗肝肾阴虚、牙齿松动、须发早白、眩晕、耳鸣、腰膝酸软、阴虚血热、吐血、衄血、尿血、血痢、崩漏下血、外伤出血等症状。
[药理]:补肝、促进肝细胞生长、增加冠状动脉血流量、镇静、镇痛、促进毛发生长、抗菌、止血等作用。
拳参
[药性]:味苦、涩,性微寒,归肺、肝、大肠经。
[功效]:清热解毒,消肿止血。
[应用]:痢疾,肺热的咳嗽,臃肿,关节肿,口舌生疮,吐血、鼻子出血、痔疮出血,毒虫咬伤。
[药理]:保护心脑血管、抗病原微生物、抗肿瘤、抗炎、抗氧化等作用。
蒲公英
[药性]:味苦、甘,性寒,归肝、胃经。
[功效]:清热解毒,消痈散结,利湿通淋。
[应用]:疮痈疔毒,乳痈,内痈,热淋,黄疸,肝火上炎导致的目赤肿痛。
[药理]:抑制胃液分泌、抗胃溃疡、利胆、保肝、利尿、活化巨噬细胞、抗肿瘤、抗病原微生物等作用。
鸡内金
[药性]:味甘,性平,归脾、胃、小肠、膀胱经。
[功效]:消食健胃,涩精止遗,化坚消石。
[应用]:饮食积滞,遗精遗尿。
[药理]:促进胃液分泌、增高酸度、加强胃运动、加快排空等作用。
生白术
[药性]:味甘,性平,归脾、胃经。
[功效]:健脾,消水肿,治疗眩晕,补气止汗。
[应用]:气短,便秘,大便稀溏,食欲不振,脏器下垂,颜面浮肿,四肢水肿,眩晕,气虚自汗。
[药理]:抗溃疡、保肝、抗应激、增强机体免疫功能、增强造血功能等作用。
白茅根
[药性]:味甘,性寒,归肺、胃、膀胱经。
[功效]:凉血止血,清热利尿,清肺胃热。
[应用]:治疗血热妄行所致的出血病症,也可以用于水肿以及小便不利等病症,还可以用于胃热呕吐、呃逆等病症。
[药理]:缩短出血以及凝血时间、利尿、镇痛、抗炎、抑菌等作用,
地骨皮
[药性]:味甘,性寒,归肺、肝、肾经。
[功效]:凉血除蒸、清肺降火。
[应用]:治疗肝肾阴虚,虚热内扰所致的骨蒸潮热、盗汗等病症,也可以用于血热妄行所致的出血病症,还可以用于肺热所致的咳嗽、气喘等病症。
[药理]:解热、降血压、降血糖、降低血清胆固醇、兴奋子宫、镇痛、抗病毒等作用。
焦六神曲
[药性]:味甘、辛,性温。
[功效]:消化不良,食积腹胀,腹泻。
[应用]:治疗食积不化,脾胃虚弱,食欲不振,消化不良,腹胀,脾虚泄泻,乏力,四肢不温,妇女带下。
[药理]:促使胃腺细胞分泌胃液。
焦山楂
[药性]:味酸、微涩,性干、微温,归睥、胃、肝经。
[功效]:消食、止泻。
[应用]:治疗痛经,月经不调,秋季腹泻,消化不良、积食、胃烷胀满、高血脂等病症。
[药理]:保护心血管、加快新陈代谢、抗癌等作用。
炒麦芽
[药性]:味甘,性平,归脾、胃经。
[功效]:消食和胃,回乳消胀。
[应用]:治疗食积症,断乳,乳房胀痛,疏肝解郁等病症。
[药理]:助消化、降血糖、降血脂、保肝、抗真菌、调节乳汁分泌等作用。
砂仁
[药性]:味辛,性温,归脾、胃、肾经。
[功效]:化湿开胃,温脾止泻,理气安胎。
[应用]:治疗湿阻中焦、脾胃气滞,脾胃虚寒导致的吐泻,气滞导致胎动不安,妊娠恶阻等病症。
[药理]:抗溃疡、抑制胃酸分泌、增进胃肠运动以及抗血小板聚集等作用。
有益效果:
本发明治疗难治性原发性胆汁性胆管炎的中药复方组合药物对PBC肝脏关键受累的胆道组织,有显著的保护作用,为临床治疗原发性胆汁性胆管炎这一难治性疾病提供有效的治疗药物,且经济实用,临床应用前景广阔。
附图说明
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明做更进一步的具体说明,本发明的上述和/或其他方面的优点将会变得更加清楚。
图1为中药方药治疗前后谷丙转氨酶(ALT)和谷草转氨酶(AST)变化;
图2为中药方药治疗前后谷氨酰转肽酶(GGT)变化;
图3为中药方药治疗前后血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)变化;
图4为临床研究原始数据1;
图5为临床研究原始数据2;
图6为临床研究原始数据3;
图7为临床研究原始数据4;
图8为临床研究原始数据5。
具体实施方式
根据下述实施例,可以更好地理解本发明。
实施例1
一种治疗难治性原发性胆汁性胆管炎的中药复方组合物,包括如下重量份数的组分:生黄芪60份,北沙参30份,麦冬15份,五味子10份,赤芍30份,丹参20份,苦杏仁10份,化橘红10份,女贞子15份,墨旱莲15份,拳参15份,蒲公英15份,鸡内金10份,生白术10份,白茅根30份,地骨皮15份,焦六神曲10份,焦山楂10份,炒麦芽10份,砂仁6份。
制备方法:按照常规方法将原料组分加水煎煮制备得到。
实施例2
治疗方法:本发明开展该方药的回顾性临床研究,纳入江苏省中医院2019~2021年度所有诊断为难治性PBC病例(既往口服足量UDCA至少半年以上,且应答不佳,排除PBC-自身免疫性肝炎(AIH)重叠综合征者)。所有病例继续口服UDCA,再接受本方药煎剂(实施例1制备得到)口服,每次200mL,每日2次,疗程3月。共计纳入73例难治性PBC患者,其中女性67例,男性6例(图4、图5、图6、图7、图8为临床研究原始数据)。
研究结果发现,治疗前后受试者转氨酶、胆红素、肾功能等生化指标比较,差异无统计学意义(见表1,图1),对于能反映PBC病情变化的关键指标ALP与GGT,治疗前后统计学发现其差异有意义(见表1,图2、图3),提示本方药能在难治性PBC疾病治疗早期阶段(治疗3月),能改善患者PBC相关的胆道损伤,进而起到治疗作用。
表1治疗前后生化指标的改变
续表1
注:**P<0.01
本发明提供了一种治疗难治性原发性胆汁性胆管炎的中药复方组合物的思路及方法,具体实现该技术方案的方法和途径很多,以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。本实施例中未明确的各组成部分均可用现有技术加以实现。
Claims (6)
1.一种治疗难治性原发性胆汁性胆管炎的中药复方组合物,其特征在于,所述的中药复方组合物由如下重量份数的组分制成:
生黄芪30~90份,
北沙参20~40份,
麦冬10~20份,
五味子8~12份,
赤芍20~60份,
丹参15~30份,
苦杏仁5~15份,
化橘红5~15份,
女贞子10~30份,
墨旱莲10~30份,
拳参10~30份,
蒲公英10~30份,
鸡内金8~20份,
生白术8~20份,
白茅根20~60份,
地骨皮10~20份,
焦六神曲8~30份,
焦山楂8~30份,
炒麦芽8~30份,
砂仁4~8份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的中药复方组合物,其特征在于,所述的中药复方组合物由如下重量份数的组分制成:
生黄芪60份,
北沙参30份,
麦冬15份,
五味子10份,
赤芍30份,
丹参20份,
苦杏仁10份,
化橘红10份,
女贞子15份,
墨旱莲15份,
拳参15份,
蒲公英15份,
鸡内金10份,
生白术10份,
白茅根30份,
地骨皮15份,
焦六神曲10份,
焦山楂10份,
炒麦芽10份,
砂仁6份。
3.权利要求1或2所述的中药复方组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,将配方量的组分加水煎煮制得。
4.权利要求1或2所述的中药复方组合物在制备治疗难治性原发性胆汁性胆管炎药物中的应用。
5.权利要求1或2所述的中药复方组合物与熊去氧胆酸组成的组合物。
6.权利要求5所述的组合物在制备治疗难治性原发性胆汁性胆管炎药物中的应用。
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