CN115010401A - 一种环保保温墙板及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
- C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B26/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B26/14—Polyepoxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/18—Waste materials; Refuse organic
- C04B18/24—Vegetable refuse, e.g. rice husks, maize-ear refuse; Cellulosic materials, e.g. paper, cork
- C04B18/248—Vegetable refuse, e.g. rice husks, maize-ear refuse; Cellulosic materials, e.g. paper, cork from specific plants, e.g. hemp fibres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/10—Coating or impregnating
- C04B20/1018—Coating or impregnating with organic materials
- C04B20/1022—Non-macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B22/00—Use of inorganic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. accelerators, shrinkage compensating agents
- C04B22/0013—Boron compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/02—Alcohols; Phenols; Ethers
- C04B24/026—Fatty alcohols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/28—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B24/30—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones
- C04B24/302—Phenol-formaldehyde condensation polymers
-
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
- C04B40/0046—Premixtures of ingredients characterised by their processing, e.g. sequence of mixing the ingredients when preparing the premixtures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
- E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
- E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
- E04C2/288—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and concrete, stone or stone-like material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00612—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as one or more layers of a layered structure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
- C04B2201/32—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values for the thermal conductivity, e.g. K-factors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种环保保温墙板及其制备方法。保温墙板包括面板以及夹设于面板之间的保温材料，保温材料包括改性秸秆颗粒、酚醛树脂、环氧树脂、珍珠岩、硼酸锌、发泡剂、固化剂和成炭剂等组分。本发明以改性秸秆作为保温材料的主要组成成分，不仅可以对秸秆进行回收利用，而且秸秆质轻、环保，可以显著减小保温材料的重量。另外，秸秆改性后可以引入阻燃结构和基团，使其具有优良保温性能的同时还具有良好的防火性能，结合其余几种组分，可以得到一种质量轻、强度高，保温和耐火性能好的保温材料。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于保温材料技术领域，具体涉及一种一种环保保温墙板及其制备方法。
背景技术
常见的保温隔热材料，无机材料有膨胀珍珠岩、加气混凝土、岩棉、玻璃棉等，有机材料有聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料、聚氨酯泡沫塑料等。这些材料保温隔热效能的优劣，主要由材料热传导性能的高低(其指标为导热系数)所决定。材料的热传导愈难(即导热系数愈小)，其保温隔热性能便愈好。一般地说，保温隔热材料的共同特点是轻质、疏松，呈多孔状或纤维状，以其内部不流动的空气来阻隔热的传导。其中无机材料有不燃、使用温度宽、耐化学腐蚀性较好等特点，有机材料有强度较高、吸水率较低、不透水性较佳等特色。
环保节能保温材料是保温材料未来发展的一个趋势，但是常规的环保节能保温材料其保温性能较差、抗折抗压的强度也较差，并且也不具有较好的耐潮特点，因此在应用中有较多的限制。
发明内容
针对上述现有技术，本发明提供一种环保保温墙板及其制备方法，以在保证保温性能的同时，还能提升保温材料的力学性能和防火性能。
为了达到上述目的，本发明所采用的技术方案是：提供一种环保保温墙板，包括面板以及夹设于所述面板之间的保温材料；保温材料包括以下质量份的原料：
改性秸秆颗粒50～80份，酚醛树脂10～20份，环氧树脂10～20份，珍珠岩5～10份，硼酸锌5～10份，发泡剂5～10份，固化剂10～20份和成炭剂5～10份；
改性秸秆颗粒经过以下步骤制得：
S1：将农作物秸秆放入碱性矿粉浆液中浸泡2～5天；
S2：将经过S1处理后的农作物秸秆放入2-乙基己基缩水甘油酯中，于55～65℃下浸泡45～60min，然后过滤并烘干，再粉碎成粒径不超过1cm的颗粒，即得。
进一步，本申请中的环保保温墙板中的保温材料包括以下质量份的原料：
改性秸秆65份，酚醛树脂15份，环氧树脂15份，珍珠岩5份，硼酸锌5份，发泡剂8份，固化剂15份和成炭剂8份。
本发明采取上述技术方案的有益效果是：
进一步，酚醛树脂为热固性酚醛树脂，其经过以下步骤制得：
将酚、甲醛、碱性催化剂按1:1～3:0.1～0.5的摩尔比共溶于水中，然后在70～80℃下反应5～10min，再升温至120～140℃，继续反应5～10min，然后脱水，即得。
进一步，酚为苯酚、甲酚、二甲酚、间苯二酚中的至少一种。
进一步，成炭剂由季戊四醇和乙二醇按1:4～6的质量比混合而成。
进一步，矿粉浆液中的矿粉为硅石粉、白云石粉、叶腊石粉、高岭土粉和膨润土粉中的至少一种，矿粉浆液的浓度为1～3g/mL，其pH为9～11。
进一步，发泡剂为蛋白质类发泡剂。
进一步，环氧树脂为双酚A环氧树脂；固化剂为脂肪胺。
本申请还公开了环保保温墙板的制备方法，制备方法包括以下步骤：
S1：将发泡剂打发制成泡沫密度为40-120g/L的泡沫；
S2：将改性秸秆颗粒、珍珠岩、硼酸锌和成炭剂分散于水中，并在搅拌条件下加入酚醛树脂、环氧树脂和固化剂，得浆料；
S3：将泡沫与浆料混合，浇入模具中养护后脱模制得保温材料；养护温度为60～80℃，养护时间为6～8h
S4：将保温材料以5～10cm的厚度填充至两块相对设置的面板之间，即得。
本发明的有益效果是：
本申请利用改性后的农作物秸秆颗粒作为保温墙板主要组分，不仅可以对秸秆进行回收利用，实现资源回收利用的目的，而且玉米秸秆质轻，可以显著减小墙板的重量；同时，大量使用秸秆可以对化学原料进行替换，使保温墙板更加环保。
本申请中在对农作物秸秆进行改性时，先用碱性矿粉浆液进行浸泡，碱性溶液可以软化并消解秸秆，使秸秆变的蓬松，最终所得保温材料中含有大量孔隙，不利于热量的传导，使所得材料具有优异的保温性能。而且秸秆消解后，浆液中的矿粉更容易进入秸秆内部，矿粉在秸秆纤维表面附着，不仅增加秸秆的强度，同时能够显著提升秸秆纤维的着火点，使其具有优良的防火性能。
农作物秸秆在碱性浆料中浸泡后放入2-乙基己基缩水甘油酯中继续浸泡，2-乙基己基缩水甘油酯在秸秆纤维表面形成薄膜，对负载的矿粉进行包裹，不仅矿粉负载更加稳定，而且能够进一步提升秸秆的强度，使所得保温材料具有良好的力学性能和耐潮性能。
本发明的保温墙板包括硼酸锌，硼酸锌受热分解，释放出结晶水，能够起到吸热冷却作用，进一步提升保温报材料的保温性能；同时，硼酸锌还能在高温下分解生成B2O3，分解后的产物附着在保温材料表面形成一层覆盖层，此覆盖层可抑制可燃性气体产生，也可阻止氧化反应和热分解作用，从而赋予保温材料已定的防火性能。填料中的成炭剂含有较多羟基，不仅可以通过氢键的方式结合空气中的水分，是保温材料具有优异的耐潮性能，同时成炭剂能够在高温下脱水形成具有多孔海绵结构的碳化层，碳化层可阻止保温材料填料直接与火焰接触，并可抑制可燃性气体产生，使保温材料具有更加优良的防火性能。
酚醛树脂和环氧树脂是优异的保温材料，在固化剂作用下会形成互穿网络结构，不仅增加保温材料的孔隙率，而且能够进一步提高保温材料的结构稳定性，是保温材料的保温性能更加优异。
本发明以改性秸秆作为保温材料的主要组成成分，不仅可以对秸秆进行回收利用，而且秸秆质轻、环保，可以显著减小保温材料的重量。另外，秸秆改性后可以引入阻燃结构和基团，使其具有优良保温性能的同时还具有良好的防火性能，结合其余几种组分，可以得到一种质量轻、强度高，保温和耐火性能好的保温材料。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明的具体实施方式做详细的说明。
实施例1
一种环保保温墙板，包括石膏面板以及夹设于石膏面板之间的保温材料；保温材料包括以下质量份的原料：
改性秸秆65份，酚醛树脂15份，双酚A环氧树脂15份，珍珠岩5份，硼酸锌5份，发泡剂8份，固化剂15份和成炭剂8份。
其中，发泡剂为茶皂素；固化剂为乙二胺；成炭剂由季戊四醇和乙二醇按1:5的质量比混合而成；
改性秸秆颗粒经过以下步骤制得：
S1：将玉米秸秆放入pH为10的矿粉浆液中浸泡4天，矿粉浆液中的矿粉为等质量混合的白云石粉、高岭土粉和膨润土粉，矿粉浆液的浓度为2g/mL；
S2：将经过S1处理后的农作物秸秆放入2-乙基己基缩水甘油酯中，于60℃下浸泡45min，然后过滤并烘干，再粉碎成粒径不超过1cm的颗粒，即得。
酚醛树脂为热固性酚醛树脂，其经过以下步骤制得：
将间苯二酚、甲醛、氢氧化钠按1:2:0.3的摩尔比共溶于水中，然后在75℃下反应8min，再升温至120℃，继续反应10min，然后脱水，即得。
本实施例中的环保保温墙板经过以下步骤制得：
S1：将发泡剂打发制成泡沫密度为80g/L的泡沫；
S2：将改性秸秆颗粒、珍珠岩、硼酸锌和成炭剂分散于水中，并在搅拌条件下加入酚醛树脂、环氧树脂和固化剂，得浆料；
S3：将泡沫与浆料混合，浇入模具中养护后脱模制得保温材料；养护温度为70℃，养护时间为7h；
S4：将保温材料以10cm的厚度填充至两块相对设置的石膏面板之间，即得。
实施例2
一种环保保温墙板，包括石膏面板以及夹设于石膏面板之间的保温材料；保温材料包括以下质量份的原料：
改性秸秆50份，酚醛树脂20份，双酚A环氧树脂10份，珍珠岩10份，硼酸锌5份，发泡剂10份，固化剂10份和成炭剂10份。
其中，发泡剂为皂角苷；固化剂为二乙撑三胺；成炭剂由季戊四醇和乙二醇按1:4的质量比混合而成；
改性秸秆颗粒经过以下步骤制得：
S1：将小麦秸秆放入pH为9的矿粉浆液中浸泡5天，矿粉浆液中的矿粉为等质量混合的高岭土粉和膨润土粉，矿粉浆液的浓度为1g/mL；
S2：将经过S1处理后的农作物秸秆放入2-乙基己基缩水甘油酯中，于55℃下浸泡60min，然后过滤并烘干，再粉碎成粒径不超过1cm的颗粒，即得。
酚醛树脂为热固性酚醛树脂，其经过以下步骤制得：
将苯酚、甲醛、氢氧化钠按1:1:0.1的摩尔比共溶于水中，然后在70℃下反应10min，再升温至120℃，继续反应10min，然后脱水，即得。
本实施例中的环保保温墙板经过以下步骤制得：
S1：将发泡剂打发制成泡沫密度为40g/L的泡沫；
S2：将改性秸秆颗粒、珍珠岩、硼酸锌和成炭剂分散于水中，并在搅拌条件下加入酚醛树脂、环氧树脂和固化剂，得浆料；
S3：将泡沫与浆料混合，浇入模具中养护后脱模制得保温材料；养护温度为60℃，养护时间为8h；
S4：将保温材料以5cm的厚度填充至两块相对设置的石膏面板之间，即得。
实施例3
一种环保保温墙板，包括石膏面板以及夹设于石膏面板之间的保温材料；保温材料包括以下质量份的原料：
改性秸秆80份，酚醛树脂10份，双酚A环氧树脂20份，珍珠岩5份，硼酸锌10份，发泡剂5份，固化剂20份和成炭剂5份。
其中，发泡剂为茶皂素；固化剂为乙二胺；成炭剂由季戊四醇和乙二醇按1:6的质量比混合而成；
改性秸秆颗粒经过以下步骤制得：
S1：将玉米秸秆放入pH为11的矿粉浆液中浸泡2天，矿粉浆液中的矿粉为等质量混合的硅石粉、白云石粉和叶腊石粉，矿粉浆液的浓度为3g/mL；
S2：将经过S1处理后的农作物秸秆放入2-乙基己基缩水甘油酯中，于65℃下浸泡45min，然后过滤并烘干，再粉碎成粒径不超过1cm的颗粒，即得。
酚醛树脂为热固性酚醛树脂，其经过以下步骤制得：
将苯酚、甲酚、甲醛、氢氧化钠按1:1:2:0.5的摩尔比共溶于水中，然后在80℃下反应5min，再升温至140℃，继续反应5min，然后脱水，即得。
本实施例中的环保保温墙板经过以下步骤制得：
S1：将发泡剂打发制成泡沫密度为120g/L的泡沫；
S2：将改性秸秆颗粒、珍珠岩、硼酸锌和成炭剂分散于水中，并在搅拌条件下加入酚醛树脂、环氧树脂和固化剂，得浆料；
S3：将泡沫与浆料混合，浇入模具中养护后脱模制得保温材料；养护温度为80℃，养护时间为6h；
S4：将保温材料以10cm的厚度填充至两块相对设置的石膏面板之间，即得。
对比例1
将实施例1中的改性玉米秸秆颗粒替换为普通的玉米秸秆颗粒，其余操作与实施例1完全相同。
对比例2
与实施例1相比，在对玉米秸秆进行改性时，仅用碱液进行了浸泡，而未用矿粉浆液浸泡，其余操作与实施例1完全相同。
对比例3
与实施例1相比，在对玉米秸秆进行改性时，未在2-乙基己基缩水甘油酯中浸泡，其余操作与实施例1完全相同。
对比例4
与实施例1相比，组分中缺少酚醛树脂，其余操作与实施例1完全相同。
结果分析
对上述各实施例和对比例所制得的保温材料进行性能测试，结果如表1所示。
表1填充材料的性能
| 密度(Kg/m<sup>3</sup>) | 导热系数(W/(m·K)) | 耐火温度(℃) | |
| 实施例1 | 148 | 0.026 | 950 |
| 实施例2 | 153 | 0.029 | 990 |
| 实施例3 | 146 | 0.025 | 910 |
| 对比例1 | 137 | 0.072 | 780 |
| 对比例2 | 135 | 0.057 | 740 |
| 对比例3 | 144 | 0.054 | 850 |
| 对比例4 | 140 | 0.087 | 820 |
从表中可以看出，采用本申请中的方法制备得到的保温材料不仅密度小，而且具有优良的保温性能和耐火性能，可以作为保温墙板的填充材料使用。
虽然结合实施例对本发明的具体实施方式进行了详细地描述，但不应理解为对本专利的保护范围的限定。在权利要求书所描述的范围内，本领域技术人员不经创造性劳动即可作出的各种修改和变形仍属本专利的保护范围。
Claims (9)
1.一种环保保温墙板，其特征在于，包括面板以及夹设于所述面板之间的保温材料；所述保温材料包括以下质量份的原料：
改性秸秆颗粒50～80份，酚醛树脂10～20份，环氧树脂10～20份，珍珠岩5～10份，硼酸锌5～10份，发泡剂5～10份，固化剂10～20份和成炭剂5～10份；
所述改性秸秆颗粒经过以下步骤制得：
S1：将农作物秸秆放入碱性矿粉浆液中浸泡2～5天；
S2：将经过S1处理后的农作物秸秆放入2-乙基己基缩水甘油酯中，于55～65℃下浸泡45～60min，然后过滤并烘干，再粉碎成粒径不超过1cm的颗粒，即得。
2.根据权利要求1所述的环保保温墙板，其特征在于，所述保温材料包括以下质量份的原料：
改性秸秆65份，酚醛树脂15份，环氧树脂15份，珍珠岩5份，硼酸锌5份，发泡剂8份，固化剂15份和成炭剂8份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的环保保温墙板，其特征在于，所述酚醛树脂为热固性酚醛树脂，其经过以下步骤制得：
将酚、甲醛、碱性催化剂按1:1～3:0.1～0.5的摩尔比共溶于水中，然后在70～80℃下反应5～10min，再升温至120～140℃，继续反应5～10min，然后脱水，即得。
4.根据权利要求3所述的环保保温墙板，其特征在于，所述酚为苯酚、甲酚、二甲酚、间苯二酚中的至少一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的环保保温墙板，其特征在于：所述成炭剂由季戊四醇和乙二醇按1:4～6的质量比混合而成。
6.根据权利要求1所述的环保保温墙板，其特征在于：所述矿粉浆液中的矿粉为硅石粉、白云石粉、叶腊石粉、高岭土粉和膨润土粉中的至少一种，所述矿粉浆液的浓度为1～3g/mL，其pH为9～11。
7.根据权利要求1所述的环保保温墙板，其特征在于：所述发泡剂为蛋白质类发泡剂。
8.根据权利要求1所述的环保保温墙板，其特征在于：所述环氧树脂为双酚A环氧树脂；所述固化剂为脂肪胺。
9.如权利要求1～8任一项所述的环保保温墙板的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
S1：将发泡剂打发制成泡沫密度为40～120g/L的泡沫；
S2：将改性秸秆颗粒、珍珠岩、硼酸锌和成炭剂分散于水中，并在搅拌条件下加入酚醛树脂、环氧树脂和固化剂，得浆料；
S3：将泡沫与浆料混合，浇入模具中养护后脱模制得保温材料；所述养护温度为60～80℃，养护时间为6～8h；
S4：将保温材料以5～10cm的厚度填充至两块相对设置的面板之间，即得。
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| CN102993392A (zh) * | 2012-10-08 | 2013-03-27 | 山东莱芜润达新材料有限公司 | 一种热固性酚醛树脂的制备方法 |
| CN107129260A (zh) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-09-05 | 合肥峰腾节能科技有限公司 | 一种可以防火阻燃的保温材料及其制备方法 |
| CN108314360A (zh) * | 2018-03-13 | 2018-07-24 | 合肥雅克丽新型建材有限公司 | 一种环保阻燃低导热保温板材及其制备方法 |
| CN108439921A (zh) * | 2018-06-07 | 2018-08-24 | 魏浩峰 | 一种农作物秸秆复合水泥基保温墙体材料及其制备方法 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117105627A (zh) * | 2023-10-24 | 2023-11-24 | 中国建筑西南设计研究院有限公司 | 一种高强保温板及其制备方法 |
| CN117105627B (zh) * | 2023-10-24 | 2023-12-22 | 中国建筑西南设计研究院有限公司 | 一种高强保温板及其制备方法 |
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