CN114989404A - 一种含酯基改善慢回弹海绵抗压性能的聚醚多元醇及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种含酯基改善慢回弹海绵抗压性能的聚醚多元醇及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种含酯基改善慢回弹海绵抗压性能的聚醚多元醇及其制备方法,它涉及慢回弹海绵技术领域。一种含酯基的聚醚多元醇由以下组分组成:多元醇、己内酯、引发剂、交联剂、聚合单体、催化剂。制备方法包括以下步骤:S1、采用2个官能度以上的小分子多元醇作为起始剂,加入引发剂异辛酸亚锡,再加入己内酯和交联剂反应聚合,得到聚己内酯多元醇;S2、加入催化剂,通过聚合单体进行增长,生成聚醚多元醇。本发明的优点在于:通过反应对多元醇进行改性,在聚酯上接枝聚醚,改性后制得的聚醚多元醇在聚己内酯链段中有酯基的存在,内聚力大,抗拉效果好,其在常温下具有较小的粘度,制成的慢回弹海绵抗压性能好。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及慢回弹海绵技术领域,具体涉及一种含酯基改善慢回弹海绵抗压性能的聚醚多元醇及其制备方法。
背景技术
聚氨酯慢回弹海绵被称之为记忆海绵、粘弹海绵,其独特之处是可以顺应承载物的形状,使得接触面积最大化、应力梯度最小化,受力集中点能够得到缓解,达到力的分散性,局部没有挤压和刺痛感。因此,慢回弹海绵被广泛用作枕头、床垫、坐垫等,有利于人体血液循环,是一种高舒适性的保健海绵。目前,用于聚氨酯慢回弹海绵生产的原料聚酯多元醇随着分子量的增大很容易熔点降低,常温下为固态不方便使用,制得的慢回弹海绵在温度的感应下虽具有一定的慢回弹性能,但其压缩性能仍不理想,还需进一步提升。
公告号为CN108570138B的专利公开了一种高阻燃低密度低温敏性聚氨酯慢回弹泡沫,其使用的是聚醚多元醇和聚酯多元醇,通过对异氰酸酯改性实现慢回弹海绵性能的提升,制得的慢回弹海绵的阻燃性能好、密度低、温敏性指数小,但其压缩性能提升仍不理想;公告号为CN112920361A的专利公开了一种聚酯与聚醚混合接枝聚合物多元醇,其为采用聚酯与聚醚混合的聚合物多元醇,能有效的分散在体系中,并与体系形成一定的化学力学性能,制得的聚合物多元醇只是充当分散体系,无法实现对于慢回弹海绵的抗压性能的改善。需提供一种改性的含酯基聚醚多元醇及其制备方法,通过改性的方法引入聚酯基团,以改善慢回弹海绵的抗压性能。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种含酯基改善慢回弹海绵抗压性能的聚醚多元醇及其制备方法,能够解决现有技术中的聚酯多元醇随着分子量的增大很容易熔点降低、常温下为固态不方便使用、制得的慢回弹海绵的压缩性能不理想的问题。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明的技术方案为:由以下组分组成:多元醇、己内酯、引发剂、交联剂、聚合单体、催化剂;
所述多元醇为乙二醇、丙二醇、一缩二乙二醇、三羟甲基丙烷、季戊四醇、1,4-丁二醇中的一种;所述引发剂为异辛酸亚锡;所述交联剂为钛酸四异丙酯、钛酸四丁酯中的一种;所述聚合单体为环氧丙烷和环氧乙烷、四氢呋喃中的一种;所述催化剂为KOH、NaOH、醇钾、醇钠中的一种。
进一步地,各组分按以下重量份组成:多元醇5~10份、己内酯100份、引发剂0.05~0.5份、交联剂0.3~1份、聚合单体50~100份、催化剂0.1~1份。
一种含酯基改善慢回弹海绵抗压性能的聚醚多元醇的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、采用2个官能度以上的小分子多元醇作为起始剂,加入引发剂异辛酸亚锡,再加入己内酯和交联剂,反应温度为120℃~140℃,反应时间为7h,催化作用下小分子多元醇与己内酯聚合反应,通过己内酯开环聚合增长,得到端为羟基的聚己内酯多元醇;
S2、加入催化剂,通过聚合单体进行增长,生成聚醚多元醇。
进一步地,所述步骤S1中,多元醇与己内酯的聚合反应具体过程如下:
进一步地,所述步骤S2中,聚合单体选用环氧丙烷,生成的聚醚多元醇具有如下所示的化学结构简式:
本发明的优点在于:通过反应对多元醇进行改性,在聚酯上接枝聚醚,改性后制得的聚醚多元醇在聚己内酯链段中有酯基的存在,内聚力大,抗拉效果好,其在常温下具有较小的粘度,聚醚多元醇作为原料使用于聚氨酯慢回弹软泡体系制成的慢回弹海绵抗压性能好。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合具体实施方式,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。下面的实施例可以使本专业的技术人员更全面地理解本发明,但并不因此将本发明限制在所述的实施例范围之中。
本具体实施方式采用如下技术方案:一种含酯基改善慢回弹海绵抗压性能的聚醚多元醇,由以下组分按重量份组成:多元醇5~10份、己内酯100份、引发剂0.05~0.5份、交联剂0.3~1份、聚合单体50~100份、催化剂0.1~1份。
多元醇为乙二醇、丙二醇、一缩二乙二醇、三羟甲基丙烷、季戊四醇、1,4-丁二醇中的一种;所述引发剂为异辛酸亚锡;所述交联剂为钛酸四异丙酯、钛酸四丁酯中的一种;所述聚合单体为环氧丙烷和环氧乙烷、四氢呋喃中的一种;所述催化剂为KOH、NaOH、醇钾、醇钠中的一种。
一种含酯基改善慢回弹海绵抗压性能的聚醚多元醇的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、采用2个官能度以上的小分子多元醇作为起始剂,加入引发剂异辛酸亚锡,再加入己内酯和交联剂,反应温度为120℃~140℃,反应时间为7h,催化作用下小分子多元醇与己内酯聚合反应,通过己内酯开环聚合增长,得到端为羟基的聚己内酯多元醇;
S2、加入催化剂,通过聚合单体进行增长,生成聚醚多元醇。
聚合反应具体过程如下:
实施例1:
按照以上步骤进行含酯基改善慢回弹海绵抗压性能的聚醚多元醇的制备,其中多元醇为丙二醇,质量份为5份;己内酯质量份为100份;引发剂为异辛酸亚锡,质量份为0.05份;交联剂为钛酸四异丙酯,质量份为0.3份;聚合单体为环氧丙烷,质量份为100份;催化剂为KOH,质量份为0.1份,生成的聚醚多元醇具有如下所示的化学结构简式:
实施例2:
按照以上步骤进行含酯基改善慢回弹海绵抗压性能的聚醚多元醇的制备,其中多元醇为1,4-丁二醇,质量份为5份;己内酯质量份为100份;引发剂为异辛酸亚锡,质量份为0.05份;交联剂为钛酸四丁酯,质量份为0.5份;聚合单体为环氧丙烷,质量份为100份;催化剂为KOH,质量份为0.1份,制得聚醚多元醇,其在常温下的粘度为1800~2000mPa·s。
对比例:现有的聚醚多元醇为羟值230~250mg KOH/g的聚醚多元醇,其在常温下的粘度为300~400mPa·s。
将实施例1-2制得的聚醚多元醇以及对比例的聚醚多元醇分别以相同的用量在慢回弹海绵的发泡体系中添加,具体的发泡步骤为常规发泡步骤,可对应得到慢回弹海绵1、2、3。
对制得的慢回弹海绵1、2、3进行抗压性能测试,回复时间为GB/T24451-2009,75%和90%压缩永久变形为GB/T6669-2008,具体测试结果如下表:
实验结果如下:由表中的数据可以看出:含酯基的聚醚多元醇所发泡的海绵与常规海绵相比在慢回弹复原时间上没有明显差别,含酯基的聚醚多元醇所发泡的海绵压缩永久变形测试结果比常规聚醚多元醇抗压缩能力表现更优。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征以及本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解,本发明不受上述实施例的限制,上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理,在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下,本发明还会有各种变化和改进,这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。
Claims (5)
1.一种含酯基改善慢回弹海绵抗压性能的聚醚多元醇,其特征在于:由以下组分组成:多元醇、己内酯、引发剂、交联剂、聚合单体、催化剂;
所述多元醇为乙二醇、丙二醇、一缩二乙二醇、三羟甲基丙烷、季戊四醇、1,4-丁二醇中的一种;所述引发剂为异辛酸亚锡;所述交联剂为钛酸四异丙酯、钛酸四丁酯中的一种;所述聚合单体为环氧丙烷和环氧乙烷、四氢呋喃中的一种;所述催化剂为KOH、NaOH、醇钾、醇钠中的一种。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种含酯基改善慢回弹海绵抗压性能的聚醚多元醇,其特征在于:各组分按以下重量份组成:多元醇5~10份、己内酯100份、引发剂0.05~0.5份、交联剂0.3~1份、聚合单体50~100份、催化剂0.1~1份。
3.一种权利要求1所述的含酯基改善慢回弹海绵抗压性能的聚醚多元醇的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
S1、采用2个官能度以上的小分子多元醇作为起始剂,加入引发剂异辛酸亚锡,再加入己内酯和交联剂,反应温度为120℃~140℃,反应时间为7h,催化作用下小分子多元醇与己内酯聚合反应,通过己内酯开环聚合增长,得到端为羟基的聚己内酯多元醇;
S2、加入催化剂,通过聚合单体进行增长,生成聚醚多元醇。
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