CN114981260A - σ-1受体配体及其用途 - Google Patents
σ-1受体配体及其用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114981260A CN114981260A CN202080086654.4A CN202080086654A CN114981260A CN 114981260 A CN114981260 A CN 114981260A CN 202080086654 A CN202080086654 A CN 202080086654A CN 114981260 A CN114981260 A CN 114981260A
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- Prior art keywords
- hydrochloride
- methyl
- alkyl
- benzylpiperidin
- group
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- C07D403/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings
- C07D403/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
- C07D403/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings
- C07D403/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms
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Abstract
本发明涉及医学领域。更具体地,本发明涉及作为σ‑1受体激动剂的化合物及其用于治疗中枢神经系统障碍的用途,所述中枢神经系统障碍包括认知或神经退行性障碍,例如阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、亨廷顿病、肌萎缩侧索硬化症和多发性硬化症。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及医学领域。更具体地,本发明涉及作为σ-1受体激动剂的化合物及其用于治疗中枢神经系统障碍的用途,所述中枢神经系统障碍包括认知或神经退行性障碍,例如阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、亨廷顿病、肌萎缩侧索硬化症和多发性硬化症。
背景技术
两种σ受体亚型已基于其药理学特征进行鉴定。
σ-1受体是一种膜相关蛋白,遍布全身并且在中枢神经系统、神经元、星形胶质细胞、少突胶质细胞和小胶质细胞中广泛表达。σ-1受体是包含223个氨基酸的单一多肽跨膜蛋白。作为单一的25kD多肽和伴侣蛋白,它在线粒体相关内质网(ER)膜和质膜处高度表达。其所鉴定的伙伴蛋白中包括葡萄糖相关蛋白78/结合免疫球蛋白(BiP)和肌醇-1,4,5三磷酸(IP3)受体。σ-1受体是一种配体操控的伴侣蛋白,其与多种类别的药理学化合物(包括例如bezomorphan的右旋异构体,例如(+)-喷他佐辛和(+)-SKF-10,047)结合并被其激活/失活。尽管已确定某些内源性配体与σ-1受体相互作用,例如神经(活性)类固醇、神经肽、胆碱或微量胺,但高亲和力内源性σ-1受体配体的存在仍不清楚。激动剂对σ-1受体的激活具有若干细胞后果,但通过与ER膜上的IP3受体相互作用,主要导致ER与线粒体之间钙交换的放大,并且通过与ER应激感应因子如BiP或IRE-1相互作用,导致ER应激通路的诱导。
据报道,σ-1受体激动剂在若干动物模型中具有抗抑郁作用。例如,选择性σ1受体激动剂(+)-喷他佐辛、(+)-SKF-10,047、伊格美新、OPC14523、DTG或SA4503减少条件性恐惧应激测试中的冻结或强迫游泳测试中的不动时间,或者在悬尾测试中具活性(Matsuno等人,Eur JPharmacol 312:267-71,1996;Tottori等人,Neuropharmacology 200141:976-88;Urani等人,J Pharmacol Exp Ther 298:1269-79,2001)。
还已报道,它在细胞存活中发挥作用(Wang等人,Exp Cell Res312:1439-46,2006;Hayashi和Su,Cell 131:596-610,2007;Jiang等人,Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci47:5576-82,2006)。据报道,σ-1受体配体具有神经保护性。据报道,σ-1受体配体奥匹哌醇可防止沙鼠中的局部缺血。此外,其他σ配体,包括BMY-14802、卡拉美芬和氟哌啶醇,在体内模型中表现出与保护作用一致的特性(Pontecorvo等人,Brain Res Bull26:461-5,1991)。据报道,若干σ配体在体外抑制海马体切片制备物中的缺血诱导的谷氨酸释放(Lobner等人,Neurosci Lett 1 17:169-74,1990)。还已报道,σ-1受体激动剂(+)-喷他佐辛可以保护视网膜细胞免于应激(Dun等人,Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 48:4785-94,2007;Smith等人,Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 49:4154-61,2008)。
特别注意到具有低σ-2受体亲和力的σ-1受体激动剂在治疗例如来自局灶性缺血的缺血性脑/神经元损伤中的效用。σ-1受体激动剂也被认为可用于改善认知障碍,例如表现出神经递质功能受损(例如乙酰胆碱)以及与年龄相关的认知障碍和与焦虑相关的障碍(包括导致后代学习缺陷的妊娠应激)。
σ-1受体激动剂是有效的抗健忘化合物。这已在啮齿动物中学习和记忆障碍的许多药理学和病理学模型中得到证实。特别是,σ-1受体激动剂在体内针对东莨菪碱诱导的学习缺陷(一种毒蕈碱乙酰胆碱受体(mAChR)阻断模型)进行了常规验证。例如,σ-1受体激动剂LS-1-137(Malik等人,Br J Pharmacol 172:2519-31,2015)、σ-1正调节剂E1R(Zvejniece等人,Br J Pharmacol 171:761-71,2014)或OZP002(Maurice等人,PharmacolRes 144:315-30,2019)或混合型mAChR/σ1激动剂ANAVEX1-41或ANAVEX2-73(布拉美新(blarcamesine)),两种二苯基-3-呋喃甲胺衍生物(Espallergues等人,Br J Pharmacol152:267-79,2017;Villard等人,Neuropsychopharmacology 34:1552-66,2009),最近被表征为针对东莨菪碱诱导的学习障碍的抗健忘药物。σ-1受体激动剂作为认知对症药物的功效不仅在胆碱能健忘模型(例如东莨菪碱、美加明、对氯苯丙胺、前脑损伤)中得到描述,而且在学习缺陷的谷氨酸能模型中也得到描述。非竞争性NMDA受体拮抗剂地卓西平(dizocilpine)(MK-081)诱导的学习障碍已被用于证明σ-1受体对NMDA神经传递施加的正向调节作用,表明在体外或体内使用NMDA诱导的CA3海马体区锥体神经元放电的细胞外记录具有行为后果。σ-1受体激动剂在减轻地卓西平诱导的学习障碍方面的功效也指出这些药物在治疗精神分裂症相关认知缺陷方面的潜在效用,特别是因为低谷氨酸能模型被认为与模拟精神分裂症的阴性症状高度相关(Meltzer等人,Int JNeuropsychopharmacol 16:2181-94,2013)。有趣的是,在东莨菪碱和地卓西平模型中测试的σ-1受体配体在体内显示出相似的活性剂量范围。因此,σ-1受体的激活似乎类似地调节了参与边缘和皮质结构中记忆过程的两种神经传递系统(即胆碱能系统并且特别是谷氨酸能系统)的活性。σ-1受体激动剂在非常低的剂量下增强NMDA诱导的海马体放电。(+)-SKF-10,047(也称为阿拉佐辛(Alazocine))、PRE084和(+)-喷他佐辛增加大鼠海马体中NMDA受体的NR2A和NR2B亚基以及PSD95(也称为SAP-90)的表达。σ-1受体激动剂治疗导致NR2亚基与σ-1受体之间的相互作用增加,并促进NMDA受体向细胞表面的运输。σ-1受体通过调节小电导Ca2+激活的K+电流(SK通道)而与NMDA受体相互作用。在行为水平上,2月龄的年轻雄性σ-1KO小鼠在包括开放场、被动回避和高架十字迷宫在内的程序中表现出焦虑迹象,并且在强迫游泳测试中对应激的反应增强。在雄性动物中,σ1受体消融因此增加了应激和焦虑反应,但记忆反应没有改变。然而,雌性σ-1KO小鼠在自发交替和水迷宫学习范式中表现出记忆改变,并且这种表型随着年龄的增长而增加。值得注意的是,2月龄和14月龄的雌性σ-1KO小鼠显示血浆17β-雌二醇水平降低,并且激素补充治疗逆转了年轻和老年小鼠的记忆缺陷(Chevallier等人,JPsychopharmacol 25:960-75,2011)。这表明σ-1受体消融对甾体紧张(steroidal tonus)有发育影响。
因此,σ-1受体激动剂在与病理性衰老和神经退行性疾病相关的认知改变的啮齿动物模型中是有希望的对症药物。首先,在低mg/kg剂量范围内的伊格美新和PRE-084提高了衰老加速小鼠SAMP/8的学习能力(Maurice等人,Brain Res 733:219-30,1996)。其次,这些化合物还减轻了阿尔茨海默病(AD)药理学模型中由淀粉样蛋白毒性引起的记忆缺陷。(+)-喷他佐辛、PRE-084、库他美新(cutamesine)、二甲啡烷(dimemorphan)、ANAVEX1-41、布拉美新、OZP002和σ-1受体结合神经活性类固醇减轻了接受直接脑室内注射寡聚化Aβ25-35肽的小鼠的学习缺陷,这产生与AD病理学密切相关的神经毒性(Meunier等人,Br JPharmacol.149:998-1012,2006;Villard等人,J Psychopharmacol 25:1101-17,2011;Maurice等人,Pharmacol Res 144:315-30,2019)。在涉及短期以及长期记忆的空间或非空间任务中,所有σ-1受体激动剂或正调节剂都减轻了Aβ25-35诱导的学习障碍。这些作用被BD1047、氟哌啶醇、BMY-14,802和孕酮阻断,这些都是推定的σ-1受体拮抗剂。值得注意的是,虽然它们阻断了σ-1受体激动剂的作用,但单独的拮抗剂并没有改变这些模型中的行为(积极或消极)。因此,σ-1受体激动剂是治疗AD症状的有希望的药剂,其活性剂量与参考药物多奈哌齐(donepezil)、利凡斯的明(rivastigmine)、加兰他敏(galantamine)和美金刚(memantine)相似或更低(Meunier等人,Br J Pharmacol 149:998-1012,2006)。
最后,混合型毒蕈碱和σ-1药物布拉美新已成功完成AD的2期临床试验。所述药物稳定了ADAS-ADL评分,并且在显示最高药物生物利用度的患者中治疗3年后,限制了患者的MMSE评分降低(Hample等人,CTAD Abstracts,2018)。
因此,现在强烈需要开发新的σ-1受体激动剂,以用于治疗与精神病变相关的认知障碍、神经退行性疾病例如阿尔茨海默病、亨廷顿病和帕金森病、肌萎缩侧索硬化症(ALS)或多发性硬化症,以及与MAM(线粒体相关膜)功能障碍相关的遗传疾病。本发明试图满足这个和其他需要。已发现根据本发明的化合物对σ-1受体具有亲和力。
发明内容
在这方面,本发明涉及一种具有下式(I)的化合物,其异构体、溶剂化物或任何药用盐:
其中:
R1和R2独立地表示:
●H;
●芳基(C1-C6)烷基基团;
●芳基基团;
●环烷基基团;
●杂环基团;或
●SR,R是烷基、芳基或芳烷基;
其中R1和R2中的一者是H,并且R1和R2中的另一者不同于H;
X和Y分别是:
●CH和N,或
●N和CR4,或
●CH和CR4,
其中R4表示H或(C1-C4)烷基;
n是0、1或2;m是0或1;m'是0或1;
R3表示:
●选自H、(C1-C6)烷基、(C2-C6)烯基、芳基、杂芳基、环烷基、杂环烷基、(C1-C6)烷氧基和芳基(C1-C6)烷基的基团,
所述基团任选地被至少一个选自以下的基团取代:(C1-C6)烷基、OH、卤素、芳基、杂芳基、环烷基、杂环烷基、(C1-C6)烷氧基、-C(O)R、-CHOHR、C(O)2R、C(O)NRR'、-CONHOR、-CONHSO2R、-NRR'、-N(R)C(O)R'、-N(R)NR'R”、-N(R)C(O)2R'、-N(R)C(O)NR'R”、-N(R)S(O)2R'、-SR、-S(O)R、-S(O)2R、-S(O)NRR'和-S(O)2NRR';R、R'和R”独立地是H、(C1-C6)烷基、环烷基、芳基、杂环烷基、杂芳基、(C1-C6)烷基环烷基、(C1-C6)烷基芳基、(C1-C6)烷基杂环烷基)或(C1-C6)烷基杂芳基;或
●选自OH、-C(O)R、-CHOHR、C(O)2R、C(O)NRR'、-CONHOR、-CONHSO2R、-NRR'、-N(R)C(O)R'、-N(R)NR'R”、-N(R)C(O)2R'、-N(R)C(O)NR'R”、-N(R)S(O)2R'、-SR、-S(O)R、-S(O)2R、-S(O)NRR'和-S(O)2NRR'的基团;R、R'和R”独立地是H、(C1-C6)烷基、环烷基、芳基、杂环烷基、杂芳基、(C1-C6)烷基环烷基、(C1-C6)烷基芳基、(C1-C6)烷基杂环烷基)或(C1-C6)烷基杂芳基;
R5表示H或OH;并且
各R6独立地表示H或(C1-C6)烷基基团。
本发明还涉及用作药物的如上定义的化合物。
本发明还涉及一种药物组合物,其包含如上定义的化合物和药学上可接受的载体。
本发明的另一个目的是如上定义的化合物或药物组合物,其用于治疗由σ-1受体调节的障碍,包括认知或神经退行性障碍。在一个特定实施方案中,所述障碍选自:(1)神经退行性疾病,例如阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、亨廷顿病、肌萎缩侧索硬化症、多发性硬化症;(2)认知和记忆改变,例如病理性衰老、缺血性健忘症、精神分裂症相关的认知缺陷和抑郁症;(3)发育性认知障碍,例如自闭症相关障碍和智力低下相关障碍;以及(4)与MAM功能障碍相关的遗传疾病。
发明详述
定义
根据本发明,下文术语具有以下含义:
本文提及的带有前缀的术语,例如C1-C3、C1-C6或C2-C6,也可以与更低数量的碳原子一起使用,例如C1-C2、C1-C5或C2-C5。例如,如果使用术语C1-C3,则其表示相应的烃链可以包含1至3个碳原子,尤其是1、2或3个碳原子。例如,如果使用术语C1-C6,则其表示相应的烃链可以包含1至6个碳原子,尤其是1、2、3、4、5或6个碳原子。例如,如果使用术语C2-C6,则其表示相应的烃链可以包含2至6个碳原子,尤其是2、3、4、5或6个碳原子。
术语“烷基”是指饱和的、直链或支链的脂肪族基团。术语“(C1-C3)烷基”更具体地是指甲基、乙基、丙基或异丙基。术语“(C1-C6)烷基”更具体地是指甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、戊基或己基。在一个优选的实施方案中,“烷基”是甲基、乙基或丙基,更优选地甲基或乙基。烷基基团包括卤代烷基基团,例如全卤代烷基(例如-CF3)。
术语“烯基”是指包含至少一个碳碳双键的不饱和的、直链或支链的脂肪族基团。术语“(C2-C6)烯基”更具体地是指乙烯基、丙烯基、异丙烯基、丁烯基、异丁烯基、戊烯基、异戊二烯基或己烯基。在一个优选的实施方案中,“烯基”是异丁烯基。“异丁烯基”是指2-甲基丙-1-烯-1-基基团。
术语“烷氧基”或“烷基氧基”对应于通过-O-(醚)键与分子键合的如上定义的烷基基团。(C1-C3)烷氧基包括甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基和异丙氧基。(C1-C6)烷氧基包括甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、异丙氧基、丁氧基、异丁氧基、叔丁氧基、戊氧基和己氧基。在一个优选的实施方案中,“烷氧基”或“烷基氧基”是甲氧基。
术语“环烷基”对应于具有3至20个碳原子的饱和或不饱和(优选地至少一个碳碳双键)单环、双环或三环烷基基团(也称为(C3-C20)环烷基)。它还包括稠合、桥接或螺连接的环烷基基团。术语“环烷基”包括例如环丙基、环丁基、环戊基和环己基。术语“环烷基”还可以指5-10元桥接碳环基,例如双环[2,2,1]庚基、双环[2,2,2]辛基或金刚烷基,优选地双环[2,2,2]辛基。在一个优选的实施方案中,“环烷基”是环丙基、环戊基或环己基。
术语“杂环烷基”对应于如上定义的饱和或不饱和(优选至少一个碳碳双键)环烷基基团,其进一步包含至少一个杂原子或杂原子基团如氮、氧或硫原子。它还包括稠合、桥接或螺连接的杂环烷基基团。代表性的杂环烷基基团包括但不限于3-二氧戊环、苯并[1,3]二氧戊环基、吡喃基、四氢吡喃基、硫代吗啉基、吡唑烷基、哌啶基、哌嗪基、氮杂环庚烷基、1,4-二烷基、咪唑啉基、吡咯啉基、吡咯烷基、哌啶基、咪唑烷基、吗啉基、1,4-二噻烷基、吡咯烷基、喹嗪基、唑啉基、唑烷基、异唑啉基、异唑烷基、噻唑啉基、噻唑烷基、异噻唑啉基、异噻唑烷基、二氢吡喃基、四氢-2H-吡喃基、四氢呋喃基和四氢噻吩基。术语“杂环烷基”还可以指5-10元桥接杂环基,例如7-氧杂双环[2,2,1]庚基。在一个优选的实施方案中,杂环烷基是氮杂环庚烷基、哌啶基、吡咯烷基或四氢吡喃基。
术语“芳基”对应于具有6至14个碳原子的单环或双环芳香族烃(也称为(C6-C14)芳基)。例如,术语“芳基”包括苯基或萘基。在一个优选的实施方案中,芳基是苯基。
如本文所用的术语“杂芳基”对应于包含5至14个原子并包含一个或多个杂原子如氮(N)、氧(O)或硫(S)原子或杂原子基团的芳香族单环或多环基团。此类单环和多环杂芳基基团的实例可以是:吡啶基、噻唑基、噻吩基、呋喃基、吡咯基、咪唑基、三唑基、四唑基、苯并呋喃基、噻萘基、吲哚基、吲哚啉基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、苯并咪唑基、三嗪基、噻蒽基、异苯并呋喃基、吩噻基、异噻唑基、异唑基、吡嗪基、哒嗪基、吲哚嗪基、异吲哚基、吲唑基、嘌呤基、酞嗪基、萘啶基、喹喔啉基、喹唑啉基、噌啉基、蝶啶基、咔唑基、β-咔啉基、菲啶基、吖啶基、嘧啶基、菲咯啉基、吩嗪基、吩噻嗪基、呋咱基(furazanyl)、吩嗪基、苯并三唑基、苯并唑基、苯并异唑基、羟吲哚基、苯并噻吩基、苯并噻唑基、均三嗪基、唑基或硫代呋喃基。在一个优选的实施方案中,杂芳基是吡啶基或咪唑基。
术语“杂环”或“杂环基团”对应于含有一个或多个杂原子如氧(O)、氮(N)或硫原子(S)并且任选地包含一个或多个氧代基团的饱和或不饱和的脂环族或芳香族的单环或多环烃。杂环包括但不限于杂芳基、杂环烷基和其他杂环衍生物如异吲哚啉基、吲哚啉基、苯并二氢吡喃基、异苯并二氢吡喃基、2-苯并[C]呋喃酮亚基(phthalidyl)、吡咯烷酮基、咪唑烷酮基、苯并吡喃基、四氢喹啉基、四氢异喹啉基、氧杂蒽基、苯并唑啉基、靛红基或二氢吡啶基。优选地,杂环是杂芳基或杂环烷基并且更优选地是哌啶基、吡咯烷基、氮杂环庚烷基、吡咯基、咪唑基或噻吩基。
术语“含氮杂环”或“含氮杂环基团”是指含有至少一个氮原子的如上定义的杂环。含氮杂环的实例包括但不限于哌啶基、吡咯烷基、氮杂环庚烷基、吡咯基或咪唑基,优选地哌啶基。
如本文所用的术语“芳基烷基”或“芳烷基”对应于被至少一个如上定义的芳基基团取代的如上定义的烷基。更具体地,“芳基(C1-C6)烷基”是指被至少一个如上定义的芳基基团取代的如上定义的(C1-C6)烷基。芳基烷基的实例可以是苄基或苯基乙基(也称为苯乙基)。
如本文所用的术语“烷基环烷基”对应于被至少一个如上定义的烷基基团取代的如上定义的环烷基。更具体地,“(C1-C6)烷基环烷基”是指被至少一个如上定义的(C1-C6)烷基基团取代的如上定义的环烷基。
如本文所用的术语“烷基杂环烷基”对应于被至少一个如上定义的烷基基团取代的如上定义的杂环烷基。更具体地,“(C1-C6)烷基杂环烷基”是指被至少一个如上定义的(C1-C6)烷基基团取代的如上定义的杂环烷基。
如本文所用的术语“烷基芳基”对应于被至少一个如上定义的烷基基团取代的如上定义的芳基。更具体地,“(C1-C6)烷基芳基”是指被至少一个如上定义的(C1-C6)烷基基团取代的如上定义的芳基。
如本文所用的术语“烷基杂芳基”对应于被至少一个如上定义的烷基基团取代的如上定义的杂芳基。更具体地,“(C1-C6)烷基杂芳基”是指被至少一个如上定义的(C1-C6)烷基基团取代的如上定义的杂芳基。
术语“卤素”对应于氟、氯、溴或碘原子,优选地氟、氯或溴,并且更优选地氯或氟。
表述“至少被……取代”是指基团被列表中的一个或几个基团取代。
应当理解,烃链如烷基或环烷基链上的两个或更多个取代基的取代可以发生在相同碳上和/或不同碳上。例如,被两个给定基团“A”和“B”取代的乙基链的结构包括但不限于式(II)或(III)的结构:
除非另有说明,否则如上定义的烷基、烯基、环烷基、杂环烷基、芳基和杂芳基基团可以未被取代或被至少一个取代基取代,所述至少一个取代基选自:卤素(优选地氟和氯)、CN、NO2、SO3H、烷基、环烷基、杂环烷基、芳基、杂芳基、-C(O)R、-C(O)2R、-OH、-OR、-CHOHR、-C(O)NRR'、-CONHOR、-CONHSO2R、-NRR'、-N(R)C(O)R'、-N(R)NR'R”、-N(R)C(O)2R'、-N(R)C(O)NR'R”、-N(R)S(O)2R'、-SR、-S(O)R、-S(O2)R、-S(O)NRR'、-S(O)2NRR';R、R'和R”独立地是H、(C1-C6)烷基、环烷基、芳基、杂环烷基、杂芳基、(C1-C6)烷基环烷基、(C1-C6)烷基芳基、(C1-C6)烷基杂环烷基)或(C1-C6)烷基杂芳基。
如本文所用,术语“治疗”是指旨在改善患者健康状况的任何行为,例如疾病的治疗、预防、防治和延缓。在某些实施方案中,此类术语是指疾病或与其相关的症状的改善或根除。在其他实施方案中,该术语是指将一种或多种治疗剂施用于患有疾病的受试者导致的此疾病的传播或恶化最小化。
如本文所用,术语“受试者”、“个体”或“患者”是可互换的并且是指动物,优选地是指哺乳动物,甚至更优选地是指人类,包括成人、儿童、新生儿和处于产前阶段的人。然而,术语“受试者”也可以指非人类动物,特别是哺乳动物,例如狗、猫、马、牛、猪、羊和非人类灵长类动物等。
术语“数量”、“量”和“剂量”在本文中可互换使用并且可以指分子的绝对定量。
如本文所用,术语“活性成分”和“活性药物成分”是等效的并且是指具有治疗效果的药物组合物的组分。
如本文所用,术语“治疗效果”是指由根据本发明的活性成分或药物组合物诱导的效果,其能够预防或延迟疾病如神经退行性或认知疾病的出现,或治愈或减轻疾病的影响。
如本文所用,术语“有效量”是指预防、消除或减少疾病的有害影响的活性成分或药物组合物的量。显然,本领域技术人员可以根据待治疗的受试者、疾病的性质等来调整待施用的量。特别是,施用的剂量和方案可以取决于待治疗的疾病的性质、阶段和严重程度,以及待治疗的受试者的体重、年龄和整体健康状况,以及医生的判断。
如本文所用,术语“赋形剂或药学上可接受的载剂”是指除存在于药物组合物中的活性成分之外的任何成分。它的添加可能旨在赋予最终产品特定的稠度或其他物理或味觉特性。赋形剂或药学上可接受的载剂必须没有与活性成分的任何相互作用,特别是化学相互作用。
化合物
本发明的目的是提供化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其异构体、溶剂化物或任何药用盐,尤其是用于治疗由σ1受体调节的障碍(例如认知或神经退行性障碍),所述化合物具有如下所示的式(I),
R1和R2独立地表示:
●H;
●芳基(C1-C6)烷基基团;
●芳基基团;
●环烷基基团;
●杂环基团,优选地含氮杂环基团;或
●SR,R是烷基、芳基或芳烷基基团;
其中R1和R2中的一者是H,并且R1和R2中的另一者不同于H;
X和Y分别是:
●CH和N,或
●N和CR4,或
●CH和CR4,
其中R4表示H或(C1-C4)烷基;
n是0、1或2;m是0或1;m'是0或1;
R3表示:
●选自H、(C1-C6)烷基、(C2-C6)烯基、芳基、杂芳基、环烷基、杂环烷基、(C1-C6)烷氧基和芳基(C1-C6)烷基的基团,
所述基团任选地被一个或多个选自以下的基团取代:(C1-C6)烷基、OH、卤素、芳基、杂芳基、环烷基、杂环烷基、(C1-C6)烷氧基、-C(O)R、-CHOHR、C(O)2R、C(O)NRR'、-CONHOR、-CONHSO2R、-NRR'、-N(R)C(O)R'、-N(R)NR'R”、-N(R)C(O)2R'、-N(R)C(O)NR'R”、-N(R)S(O)2R'、-SR、-S(O)R、-S(O)2R、-S(O)NRR'和-S(O)2NRR';R、R'和R”独立地是H、(C1-C6)烷基、环烷基、芳基、杂环烷基、杂芳基、(C1-C6)烷基环烷基、(C1-C6)烷基芳基、(C1-C6)烷基杂环烷基)或(C1-C6)烷基杂芳基;或
●选自OH、-C(O)R、-CHOHR、C(O)2R、C(O)NRR'、-CONHOR、-CONHSO2R、-NRR'、-N(R)C(O)R'、-N(R)NR'R”、-N(R)C(O)2R'、-N(R)C(O)NR'R”、-N(R)S(O)2R'、-SR、-S(O)R、-S(O)2R、-S(O)NRR'和-S(O)2NRR'的基团;R、R'和R”独立地是H、(C1-C6)烷基、环烷基、芳基、杂环烷基、杂芳基、(C1-C6)烷基环烷基、(C1-C6)烷基芳基、(C1-C6)烷基杂环烷基)或(C1-C6)烷基杂芳基;
R5表示H或OH;并且
各R6独立地表示H或(C1-C6)烷基基团。
在一个特定实施方案中,本发明的化合物具有式(I),其中R1和R2独立地表示:
●H;
●芳基(C1-C6)烷基基团;
●芳基基团;
●环烷基基团;
●杂环基团,优选地含氮杂环基团;或
●SR,R是烷基、芳基或芳烷基基团;
其中R1和R2中的一者是H,并且R1和R2中的另一者不同于H;
所述基团任选地被至少一个-OH、卤素、(C1-C6)烷基或(C1-C6)烷基氧基取代;
在一个特定实施方案中,本发明的化合物具有式(I),其中R1表示:
●芳基(C1-C6)烷基基团;
●芳基基团;
●环烷基基团;
●杂环基团,优选地含氮杂环基团;或
●SR,R是烷基、芳基或芳烷基;
并且R2是H。
在另一个特定实施方案中,本发明的化合物具有式(I),其中R1和R2独立地表示:
●H;
●芳基(C1-C6)烷基基团,例如苄基或苯乙基;
●芳基基团,例如苯基;或
●杂环基团,优选地含氮杂环基团,例如哌啶基、吡咯烷基、氮杂环庚烷基、吡咯基或咪唑基;
其中R1和R2中的一者是H,并且R1和R2中的另一者不同于H,
所述基团任选地被至少一个-OH、卤素、(C1-C6)烷基或(C1-C6)烷基氧基基团取代。
在一个优选的实施方案中,本发明的化合物具有式(I),其中R1表示:
●芳基(C1-C6)烷基基团,例如苄基或苯乙基,优选地苯乙基;
●芳基基团,例如苯基;或
●杂环基团,优选地含氮杂环基团,例如哌啶基、吡咯烷基、氮杂环庚烷基、吡咯基或咪唑基;并且
R2表示H。
在一个更优选的实施方案中,本发明的化合物具有式(I),其中R1表示:
●芳基(C1-C6)烷基基团,例如苄基或苯乙基,优选地苯乙基;或
●芳基基团,例如苯基;并且
R2表示H。
根据一个特定实施方案,当R1或R2表示含氮杂环时,所述基团优选地通过所述含氮杂环的氮原子连接到分子的其余部分。
优选地,R1是芳基,例如苯基。
优选地,R2是H。
在一个更特定实施方案中,R2是H并且R1是苯基,任选地被一个或多个选自以下的基团取代:卤素,优选地氟或氯,烷基,包括被一个或多个卤素原子取代的烷基基团(例如CF3),环烷基,-OH,或(C1-C6)烷氧基如甲氧基,如上定义。
在另一个特定实施方案中,R1表示H;
并且R2表示:
●芳基,例如苯基;
●芳基(C1-C6)烷基基团,例如苄基或苯乙基;或
●杂环基团,优选地含氮杂环基团,例如哌啶基;
优选地,R2是芳基,例如苯基。
在另一个特定实施方案中,当R1或R2表示芳基如苯基时,所述芳基可以未被取代或被至少一个选自以下的取代基取代:
●卤素,优选地氟或氯;
●任选地被至少一个卤素、优选地氟取代的烷基,更优选地所述烷基基团是-CF3;
●-OH;和
●-OR,R是烷基、环烷基、杂环烷基、芳基或杂芳基,优选地烷基,更优选地甲基或CF3。
在一个特定实施方案中,R3表示:
●H;
●(C1-C6)烷基基团,例如甲基或乙基;
●(C2-C6)烯基基团,例如异丁烯基;
○环烷基基团,例如环丙基、环戊基、环己基或环己烯基;
○芳基基团,例如苯基;
○杂环烷基基团,例如四氢吡喃基;
○杂芳基基团,例如吡啶基或咪唑基;
所述基团任选地被至少一个(C1-C6)烷基、OH、卤素(例如氟、氯)、芳基(例如苯基)、杂芳基、环烷基、杂环烷基、(C1-C6)烷氧基、-C(O)2R、-N(R)C(O)R'取代;R和R'独立地是H、(C1-C6)烷基、环烷基、芳基(例如任选地被卤素(优选地氟)取代的苯基)、杂环烷基、杂芳基、(C1-C6)烷基环烷基、(C1-C6)烷基芳基、(C1-C6)烷基杂环烷基)或(C1-C6)烷基杂芳基;并且优选地所述基团任选地被至少一个OH、卤素(例如氯)、烷氧基(例如甲氧基)、-N(R)C(O)R'(其中R和R'是H)或(C1-C6)烷基(例如甲基)取代;或
○选自-CHOHR、-C(O)R、-C(O)2R的基团;R是H、(C1-C6)烷基、环烷基、芳基、杂环烷基、杂芳基、(C1-C6)烷基环烷基、(C1-C6)烷基芳基、(C1-C6)烷基杂环烷基)或(C1-C6)烷基杂芳基,R优选地是任选地被卤素(例如氟)取代的芳基(例如苯基)。
在另一个特定实施方案中,R3选自:
-芳基,例如苯基;
-杂环烷基,例如四氢吡喃基;和
-(C1-C6)烷基,例如甲基,任选地被OH取代。
在一个优选的实施方案中,R3选自:
●环戊基、环己基、环丙基,
●吡啶基、咪唑基,
●苯基,所述苯基任选地被卤素如氯或氟或被OH取代,
●苄基,
●四氢吡喃基,
●基团-C(O)2R,R是(C1-C6)烷基,优选地甲基,
●基团-CHOHR,R是任选地被氟取代的芳基,优选地苯基,
●基团-C(O)R,R是任选地被氟取代的芳基,优选地苯基;
●甲基,任选地被一个或两个取代基取代,各取代基独立地选自:
■苯基,
■OH,
■甲氧基,
■基团-NHC(O)R',R'是(C1-C6)烷基,优选地甲基;
●乙基;和
●异丁烯基。
在一个更优选的实施方案中,R3是苯基。
在一个特定实施方案中,X和Y分别是:
●CH和N,或
●N和CR4,其中R4是H或(C1-C4)烷基,优选地H。
在一个优选的实施方案中,X和Y分别是N和CR4,其中R4是H或(C1-C4)烷基,优选地R4是H或甲基,更优选地R4是H。
在一个优选的实施方案中,R5是H。
在一个特定实施方案中,(各)R6独立地是H或甲基。
应理解:
-当n是0时,则R6不存在;
-当n是1时,则存在一个R6并且式(I)化合物由以下结构表示:
其中R1、R2、R3、R5、X、Y、m和m'如上定义,并且R6是H或(C1-C6)烷基基团;
-当n是2时,则存在两个R6并且式(I)化合物由以下结构表示:
其中R1、R2、R3、R5、X、Y、m和m'如上定义,并且各R6独立地是H或(C1-C6)烷基基团。
在一个优选的实施方案中,R6是H(当n是2时,各R6)。
在一个优选的实施方案中,R5和(各)R6是H。
在一个特定实施方案中,m是0。
在另一个特定实施方案中,m'是1。
在另一个特定实施方案中,m是0并且m'是1。
优选地,n是0或1,并且更优选地n是1。
在一个特定实施方案中,本发明的化合物是式(I)化合物,其中满足以下特征中的至少一个并且优选全部:
n是1;和/或
m是0;和/或
m'是1;和/或
R1表示芳基基团;和/或
R2是H;和/或
R3表示:
○选自H、芳基(例如苯基)、(C1-C6)烷基(例如甲基、乙基)、(C2-C6)烯基(例如异丁烯基)、环烷基(例如环丙基、环戊基、环己基)、杂环烷基(例如四氢吡喃基)、杂芳基(例如吡啶基、咪唑基)、(C1-C6)烷氧基(例如甲氧基)、芳基(C1-C6)烷基(例如苄基)的基团,
所述基团任选地被一个或两个(C1-C6)烷基、OH、卤素(例如氟、氯)、芳基(例如苯基)、杂芳基、环烷基、杂环烷基、(C1-C6)烷氧基、-C(O)2R、-N(R)C(O)R'取代;R和R'独立地是H、(C1-C6)烷基、环烷基、芳基(例如任选地被卤素(优选地氟)取代的苯基)、杂环烷基、杂芳基、(C1-C6)烷基环烷基、(C1-C6)烷基芳基、(C1-C6)烷基杂环烷基)或(C1-C6)烷基杂芳基;或
●选自-CHOHR、-C(O)R、-C(O)2R的基团;R是H、(C1-C6)烷基、环烷基、芳基、杂环烷基、杂芳基、(C1-C6)烷基环烷基、(C1-C6)烷基芳基、(C1-C6)烷基杂环烷基)或(C1-C6)烷基杂芳基;和/或
R5是H;和/或
各R6是H。
在一个特定实施方案中,
R1选自:
○芳基(C1-C6)烷基基团,例如苯乙基,
○芳基基团,例如苯基,任选地被卤素(例如氯)取代,和
○杂环基团(优选地含氮杂环基团),例如哌啶基;
R2是H;
R3选自:
-芳基,例如苯基;
-杂环烷基,例如四氢吡喃基;和
-(C1-C6)烷基,例如甲基,任选地被OH取代。
R5是H或OH,优选地H;并且
R6是H或(C1-C6)烷基,例如甲基,优选地H;
X和Y分别是:
●CH和N,或
●N和CR4,其中R4是H或(C1-C4)烷基,优选地H,
●优选地,N和CH;
n是0或1,优选地1;并且
m是0并且m'是1。
在一个特定实施方案中,芳基基团是任选地被至少一个取代基取代的苯基基团,所述至少一个取代基选自:
●卤素,优选地氟或氯;
●任选地被至少一个卤素、优选地氟取代的烷基,优选地-CF3;
●-OH;和
●-OR,R是烷基、环烷基、杂环烷基、芳基或杂芳基,优选地烷基,更优选地甲基。
在一个更特定实施方案中,
●H;
●苄基、苯乙基;
●苯基基团,任选地被氟、氯、羟基、甲氧基或-CF3取代;
●哌啶基基团;
其中R1和R2中的一者是H,并且R1和R2中的另一者不同于H;
●H;
●环戊基、环己基、环丙基,
●吡啶基、咪唑基,
●苯基,所述苯基任选地被卤素如氯或被OH取代,
●苄基,
●四氢吡喃基,
●基团-C(O)2R,R是(C1-C6)烷基,优选地甲基,
●基团-CHOHR,R是任选地被氟取代的芳基,优选地苯基,
●基团-C(O)R,R是任选地被氟取代的芳基,优选地苯基;
●甲基,任选地被一个或两个取代基取代,各取代基独立地选自:
■苯基,
■OH,
■甲氧基,
■基团-NHC(O)R,R是(C1-C6)烷基,优选地甲基;
●乙基;或
●异丁烯基。
如本文所用,“本发明的化合物”是指上述化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、任何异构体或溶剂化物形式。
术语“异构体”是指具有如本文所鉴定的相同分子式但在性质或它们的原子的结合顺序或它们的原子在空间中的布局方面不同的化合物。其原子在空间中的布局不同的异构体被称为“立体异构体”。彼此不为镜像的立体异构体被称为“非对映异构体”,并且彼此为不可重叠镜像的立体异构体被称为“对映异构体”或“光学异构体”。“立体异构体”是指外消旋物、对映异构体和非对映异构体。
本领域技术人员将认识到立体中心存在于本发明的化合物中。本发明化合物的任何手性中心可以是(R)、(S)或外消旋物。因此,本发明包括式(I)化合物的所有可能的立体异构体和几何异构体,并且不仅包括外消旋化合物,而且还包括旋光异构体。根据一个优选的实施方案,本发明化合物具有式(II)。当需要式(I)化合物作为单一对映异构体时,它可以通过拆分最终产物或通过从异构纯的起始材料或任何合适的中间体立体特异性合成而获得。最终产物、中间体或起始材料的拆分可以通过本领域中已知的任何合适方法进行。参见例如E.L.Eliel的碳化合物的立体化学(Stereochemistry of Carbon Compounds(Mcgraw Hill,1962))和S.H.Wilen的拆分试剂列表(Tables of Resolving Agents)。
有机化学领域的专家会理解,许多有机化合物可以与溶剂形成络合物,它们在溶剂中反应或从溶剂中沉淀或结晶。这些络合物被称为“溶剂化物”。例如,与水的络合物被称为“水合物”。式(I)或(II)的化合物的溶剂化物在本发明的范围内。
有机化学专家也会理解,许多有机化合物可以以超过一种结晶形式存在。例如,结晶形式可能因不同溶剂化物而异。因此,本发明化合物或其药学上可接受的溶剂化物的所有结晶形式都在本发明的范围内。
本发明化合物的术语“药学上可接受的盐”或“药用盐”包括由药学上可接受的无机或有机酸或碱形成的常规盐以及季铵盐。合适的酸盐的更具体实例包括盐酸、氢溴酸、硫酸、磷酸、硝酸、高氯酸、富马酸、乙酸、丙酸、琥珀酸、乙醇酸、甲酸、乳酸、马来酸、酒石酸、柠檬酸、棕榈酸、丙二酸、羟基马来酸、苯乙酸、谷氨酸、苯甲酸、水杨酸、富马酸、甲苯磺酸、甲磺酸、萘-2-磺酸、苯磺酸羟基萘酸、氢碘酸、苹果酸、硬脂酸、单宁酸等。合适的碱盐的更具体实例包括钠盐、锂盐、钾盐、镁盐、铝盐、钙盐、锌盐、N,N'-二苄基乙二胺盐、氯普鲁卡因盐、胆碱盐、二乙醇胺盐、乙二胺盐、N-甲基葡糖胺盐和普鲁卡因盐。
例如,优选的盐形式包括盐酸盐。
在一个特定实施方案中,式(I)化合物选自:
2-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
2-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)-5-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
4-苯基-2-[1-(2-苯基乙基)哌啶-4-基]-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮盐酸盐;
2-[1-(环丙基甲基)哌啶-4-基]-4-苯基-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮盐酸盐;
2-[1-(环戊基甲基)哌啶-4-基]-4-苯基-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮盐酸盐;
2-(1-苄基氮杂环庚烷-4-基)-4-苯基-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮盐酸盐;
2-((1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基)-6-甲基-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮;
2-((1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基)-5-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
2-[(1-苄基哌啶-3-基)甲基]-4-苯基-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮盐酸盐;
2-((1-苯乙基哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
4-苯基-2-((1-丙基哌啶-4-基)甲基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
2-((1-(4-氯苄基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
2-((1-(环己基甲基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
4-苯基-2-((1-(吡啶-4-基甲基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
4-苯基-2-((1-((四氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)甲基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
2-{[1-(1H-咪唑-5-基甲基)哌啶-4-基]甲基}-4-苯基-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮盐酸盐;
4-苯基-2-((1-((四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基)甲基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
2-((1-(4-羟基苄基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
2-((1-(2-甲氧基乙基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
2-((1-(2-羟基乙基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
2-((1-(2-甲氧基-1-苯基乙基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
N-(2-{4-[(6-氧代-5-苯基-1,6-二氢哒嗪-1-基)甲基]哌啶-1-基}乙基)乙酰胺盐酸盐;
2-((1-(2-(4-氟苯基)-2-羟基乙基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
2-((1-(2-(4-氟苯基)-2-氧代乙基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
2-((1-(2-羟基-2-苯基乙基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
2-(2-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)乙基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
2-(2-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)乙基)-5-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
2-(1-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)乙基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
2-((1-苄基-4-羟基哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
2-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)-4-(4-甲氧基苯基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
2-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)-4-[4-(三氟甲基)苯基]-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮盐酸盐;
2-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)-4-[4-(氯苯基]-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮盐酸盐;
2-[(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基]-4-(2-氯苯基)-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮盐酸盐;
2-[(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基]-4-(4-羟基苯基)-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮盐酸盐;
2-((1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-(4-氟苯基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
2-((1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-苯乙基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮,
2-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)-4-(2-苯基乙基)-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮盐酸盐;
2-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)-4-(哌啶-1-基)-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮盐酸盐;
2-[(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基]-4-(哌啶-1-基)-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮盐酸盐;
2-((1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-吗啉基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
2-((1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-(4-苯基哌嗪-1-基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
2-((1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-(3,4-二氢异喹啉-2(1H)-基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
3-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)-5-苯基嘧啶-4(3H)-酮盐酸盐;
1-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)-3-苯基-1,2-二氢吡啶-2-酮盐酸盐;
3-((1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基)-5-苯基嘧啶-4(3H)-酮;和
1-[(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基]-3-苯基-1,2-二氢吡啶-2-酮盐酸盐。
优选地,所述化合物选自:
2-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
3-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)-5-苯基嘧啶-4(3H)-酮盐酸盐;
2-((1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-苯乙基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮;
2-[(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基]-4-(哌啶-1-基)-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮盐酸盐;
2-((1-苄基-4-羟基哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
4-苯基-2-((1-((四氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)甲基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
2-(1-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)乙基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;和
2-((1-(2-羟基乙基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐。
本发明的化合物可以通过若干方法并且特别是如实施例中说明的方法来制备。起始产品是商业产品或根据已知合成从商业化合物制备的产品或本领域技术人员已知的产品。
化合物的治疗用途
本发明涉及包含根据本发明的化合物的药物或兽医学组合物。优选地,药物组合物还包含药学或兽医学上可接受的载剂(或“载体”)或赋形剂。本发明还涉及一种治疗受试者的疾病的方法,其中将治疗有效量的根据本发明的化合物施用于有需要的所述受试者。本发明涉及根据本发明的化合物作为药物的用途。本发明还涉及根据本发明的化合物用于制造药物的用途。
此外,本发明涉及一种在受试者中治疗由σ-1受体调节的障碍(例如认知或神经退行性障碍)的方法,其中将治疗有效量的根据本发明的化合物施用于患有由σ-1受体调节的障碍(例如认知或神经退行性障碍)的所述受试者。
本发明还涉及根据本发明的化合物用于制造用于治疗由σ-1受体调节的障碍(例如认知或神经退行性障碍)的药物的用途。本发明涉及根据本发明的化合物,其用于治疗由σ-1受体调节的障碍(例如认知障碍)。
在本发明的一个特定实施方案中,所述由σ-1受体调节的障碍选自:(1)神经退行性疾病,包括但不限于阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、亨廷顿病、肌萎缩侧索硬化症、多发性硬化症;(2)认知和记忆改变,包括但不限于病理性衰老、缺血性健忘症、精神分裂症相关的认知缺陷、抑郁症;(3)发育性认知障碍,包括但不限于自闭症相关障碍、智力低下相关障碍;以及(4)与MAM功能障碍相关的遗传疾病。
药物组合物
本发明还涉及一种包含本发明化合物的药物组合物。所述组合物还包含至少一种药学上可接受的载剂(或“载体”)或赋形剂。
本发明还涉及用于治疗疾病的本发明药物组合物。本发明还涉及根据本发明的药物组合物用于制造用于治疗受试者的疾病的药物的用途。本发明还涉及一种治疗受试者的疾病的方法,其中将治疗有效量的根据本发明的药物组合物施用于患有所述疾病的所述受试者。
优选地,所述疾病是由σ-1受体调节的障碍。更优选地,所述疾病选自:(1)神经退行性疾病,包括但不限于阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、亨廷顿病、肌萎缩侧索硬化症、多发性硬化症;(2)认知和记忆改变,包括但不限于病理性衰老、缺血性健忘症、精神分裂症相关的认知缺陷、抑郁症;(3)发育性认知障碍,包括但不限于自闭症相关障碍、智力低下相关障碍;以及(4)与MAM功能障碍相关的遗传疾病。
受试者、方案和施药
根据本发明的受试者是动物,优选地哺乳动物,甚至更优选地人类。然而,术语“受试者”也可以指需要治疗的非人类动物,特别是哺乳动物,例如狗、猫、马、牛、猪、羊、驴、兔、雪貂、沙鼠、仓鼠、毛丝鼠、大鼠、小鼠、豚鼠和非人类灵长类动物等。
根据本发明的人类受试者可以是处于产前阶段的人、新生儿、儿童、婴儿、青少年或成年人,特别是至少40岁的成年人,优选地至少50岁的成年人。
在一个优选的实施方案中,受试者已被诊断患有疾病。优选地,受试者已被诊断患有由σ-1受体调节的疾病。
这些疾病的诊断方法是本领域技术人员众所周知的。
根据本发明的化合物或根据本发明的药物组合物可以通过任何常规施用途径来施用。特别是,本发明的化合物或药物组合物可以通过局部、肠内、口服、肠胃外、鼻内、静脉内、动脉内、肌肉内、瘤内、皮下或眼内施用等来施用。
特别是,根据本发明的化合物或根据本发明的药物组合物可以配制用于局部、肠内、口服、肠胃外、鼻内、静脉内、动脉内、肌肉内、皮下或眼内施用等。
优选地,根据本发明的化合物或根据本发明的药物组合物是通过肠内或肠胃外施用途径来施用。当肠胃外施用时,根据本发明的化合物或根据本发明的药物组合物优选通过静脉内施用途径来施用。当肠内施用时,根据本发明的化合物或根据本发明的药物组合物优选通过口服施用途径来施用。
包含所述分子的药物组合物是根据本领域技术人员已知的标准药物实践(Lippincott Williams&Wilkins,2000and Encyclopedia of PharmaceuticalTechnology,J.Swarbrick和J.C.Boylan编辑,1988-1999,Marcel Dekker,New York)来配制。
对于口服施用,可以将组合物配制成常规口服剂型,例如片剂、胶囊、散剂、颗粒剂和液体制剂如糖浆剂、酏剂和浓缩滴剂。可以使用无毒的固体载剂或稀释剂,其包括例如药物级的甘露糖醇、乳糖、淀粉、硬脂酸镁、糖精钠、滑石、纤维素、葡萄糖、蔗糖、镁、碳酸盐等。对于压制片剂,粘合剂也是必需的,其是赋予粉状材料内聚性的剂。例如,淀粉、明胶、糖如乳糖或右旋糖以及天然或合成树胶可以用作粘合剂。片剂中还需要崩解剂以促进片剂的破碎。崩解剂包括淀粉、粘土、纤维素、藻胶、树胶和交联聚合物。此外,片剂中还包括润滑剂和助流剂,以防止片剂材料在制造过程中粘附到表面,并改善粉末材料在制造期间的流动特性。胶体二氧化硅最常用作助流剂,并且例如滑石或硬脂酸的化合物最常用作润滑剂。
对于透皮施用,可以将组合物配制成软膏、乳膏或凝胶形式,并且可以使用适当的渗透剂或去污剂来促进渗透,例如二甲亚砜、二甲基乙酰胺和二甲基甲酰胺。
对于经粘膜施用,可以使用鼻喷雾剂、直肠或阴道栓剂。可以通过本领域中已知的方法将活性化合物掺入任何已知的栓剂基质中。此类基质的实例包括可可脂、聚乙二醇(碳蜡)、聚乙烯脱水山梨糖醇单硬脂酸酯,以及这些与其他相容性材料的混合物,以改变熔点或溶解速率。
根据本发明的药物组合物可以配制成在施用后基本上立即释放活性药物或在施用后的任何预定时间或时间段释放活性药物。
优选地,用根据本发明的化合物或根据本发明的药物组合物进行的治疗在疾病诊断后不超过一年,优选地不超过六个、五个、四个、三个、两个或一个月开始。
根据本发明的化合物或根据本发明的药物组合物可以作为单剂量或优选地以多剂量施用。
优选地,定期施用治疗,优选地在每天和每月之间,更优选地在每天和每两周之间,更优选地在每天和每周之间,甚至更优选地每天施用治疗。在一个特定实施方案中,每天数次,例如每天2次或3次施用治疗。
用根据本发明的化合物或根据本发明的药物组合物进行治疗的持续时间优选地包含在一周之间,更优选地在一周和一年或多年之间。或者,只要疾病持续存在,治疗就可以持续。
有待施用的根据本发明的化合物或根据本发明的药物组合物的量必须通过本领域普通技术人员众所周知的标准程序来确定。必须考虑患者的生理数据(例如年龄、体型和体重)和施用途径以确定适当的剂量,从而将治疗有效量施用于患者。
在一个优选的实施方案中,根据本发明的化合物或根据本发明的药物组合物的每次施用的总化合物剂量包含在0.00001和1g之间,优选地在0.01和10mg之间。
根据本发明的化合物或根据本发明的药物组合物的药物组合物形式、施用途径和施用剂量可以由本领域技术人员根据疾病的类型和严重程度,以及患者,特别是其年龄、体重、性别和一般身体状况进行调整。
本发明还将在以下实施例中更详细地描述,所述实施例并不旨在限制如权利要求书所限定的本发明的范围。
具体实施方式
实施例
以下合成方法和方案说明了可以制备本发明化合物的一般程序。起始材料已从商业来源获得或通过使用本领域普通技术人员众所周知的方法制备。例如,本发明的化合物可以根据或类似于实施例部分中详细描述的合成路线来制备。特别是,通式(I)的化合物及其药学上可接受的盐可以根据以下方案中描述的方法合成,其中X表示卤素并且R表示在通式(I)的相应位置处的任何基团。尽管以下方案中基团R的编号与通式(I)中基团的名称不同,但应理解,这些方案解释了式(I)化合物的制备,并且因此这些基团R是根据通式(I)中相同连接位置处的相应基团进行定义。中间体和最终产物的纯化经由正相或反相色谱法使用Dionex UltiMate 300进行,具有以下参数:流速为0.5mL/min,柱温:30℃,溶剂系统:A(MeOH)和B(0.05%TFA于H2O中),t=0min至1min:50%至60%的B,然后t=1min至t=10min:60%至100%的B和t=10min至t=15min:100%的B。
A.根据本发明的化合物的制备
衍生自哒嗪-3(2H)-酮的一般合成方法和实施例
式(I)化合物的制备可以使用常规方法沿着各种合成路线进行(参见方案1)。从市售或先前描述的通式A的4或5-卤代哒嗪酮1,2起始,在四(三苯基膦)钯的存在下与芳基硼酸的Suzuki-Miyaura交叉偶联反应产生相应的4或5芳基哒嗪酮衍生物(中间体B)。在惰性溶剂如2-丁酮或DMF中,利用通式C的适当的4-甲基磺酰基氧基哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(或氮杂环庚烷-1-甲酸酯)衍生物对中间体B进行N-烷基化,得到中间体D。使用的碱可以是氢化钠或碱性碳酸氢钠。保护性BOC基团的脱保护和随后在NaBH3CN存在下用适当的醛进行还原胺化给出了本发明的实施例(参见实施例A.1、A.2和A.5)。用适当的卤代烷基衍生物对脱保护的哌啶中间体进行直接烷基化可以通过本领域中众所周知的方法进行,如方案1(实施例A.3)中所示。烷基化也可以用溴甲基酮衍生物进行,并且所得酮最终通过用硼氢化钠处理转化为仲醇(实施例A.4)。所有最终化合物都以盐酸盐形式分离,通过标准方法从相应碱制备。
1X=4-Cl,Chin.E.,Li.J.,Lui.A.S.-T.;Talamas,F.X.,WO2010133528;X=4-Br,Aciro.C.等人,WO2010131147
2X=5-Cl,Lizos.D.,Weiler.S.,Stiefl.N.J.,WO2009013335;X=5-I,Becknell,N.C.等人,Bioorg.Med.Chem.,2012,20(12),3880-3886。
方案1:制备2取代-N-取代-哌啶-4-基–4或(5)-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮的一般合成方法。
条件:a)K2CO3,Pd(PPh3)4,Ar-PhB(OH)2,甲苯,EtOH,H2O,120℃,16h;b)n=0,K2CO3,2-丁酮,85℃,24h;c)n=1,NaH,DMF,110℃,18h;d)TFA,DCM,25℃,45min;e)R3-CHO,NaBH3CN;DIEA,MeOH,25℃,18h。f)K2CO3,DMF或MeCN,80℃,18h。g)MeOH,NaBH4,25℃,6.5h。
实施例A.1:2-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐(化合物1)。
步骤1:4-(甲磺酰基氧基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯,中间体C(m'=m=0,n=0)。
在室温下向4-羟基-1-哌啶甲酸叔丁酯(1.28g,5.1mmol)和Et3N(1.43mL,10.22mmol)于DCM(35mL)中的搅拌溶液中滴加甲磺酰氯(0.44mL,5.62mmol)。将反应混合物在室温下搅拌4h并依次用0.1NHCl水溶液、H2O和盐水洗涤。有机层经Na2SO4干燥并在真空中浓缩,得到淡黄色固体状4-(甲基磺酰基氧基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯,产率(1.4g)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ4.85-4.93(m,1H),3.66-3.75(m,2H),3.25-3.35(m,2H),3.04(s,3H),1.92-2.01(m,2H),1.77-1.86(m,2H),1.46(s,9H)。13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δ154.7,80.1,67.8,40.5,34.3,28.5。
步骤2:4-(6-氧代-5-苯基哒嗪-1(6H)-基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯D(m'=m=0,n=0)
向50ml烧瓶(烘干并在氩气下)中装入4-苯基-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮(200mg,1.16mmol,1.0当量,关于制备参见实施例A.2)、N-Boc-4-(2-((甲基磺酰基)氧基)乙基)哌啶(487mg,1.74mmol,1.5当量)和K2CO3(241.6mg,1.74mmol,1.5当量)。加入2-丁酮(10mL)并且将混合物在85℃下加热48h(HPLC监测:完全转化)。混合物用H2O(150mL)淬灭并用EtOAc(3×40mL)萃取。合并的有机层用盐水(2×50mL)洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并蒸发至干。所得残余物通过使用EtOAc/庚烷:1:2作为洗脱剂的硅胶快速色谱法纯化,得到白色固体状标题化合物(260mg,63%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.85(d,1H,J=4.0Hz),7.76(m,2H),7.42(m,3H),7.24(d,1H,J=4.0Hz),5.15(m,1H),4.26(bs,2H),2.88(m,2H),2.00-1.86(m,4H),1.46(s,9H)。13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δ160.0,154.9,139.6,136.4,134.3,129.7,128.9,129.6,127.3,79.8,55.7,43.4,30.5,28.7。
步骤3:4-苯基-2-(哌啶-4-基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮2,2,2-三氟乙酸盐
向4-(6-氧代-5-苯基哒嗪-1(6H)-基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(260mg,0.73mmol,1当量)于DCM(5mL)中的冰冷溶液中加入TFA(2mL),并且将所得混合物搅拌1h。将粗反应物在真空下浓缩,共沸去除TFA与庚烷。化合物未经进一步纯化即用于还原胺化步骤。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ8.82(bs,1H),8.48(bs,1H),8.08(d,1H,J=4.1Hz),7.82(m,2H),7.59(d,1H,J=4.1Hz),7.47(m,3H),5.20(m,1H),3.43(d,2H,J=12.1Hz),3.16(q,2H,J=11.2Hz),2.15-1.99(m,4H)。13C-NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6):δ158.7,137.9,137.0,133.9,129.3,128.6,128.2,128.0,51.9,42.6,27.0。
步骤4:2-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮(化合物1)。
将4-苯基-2-(哌啶-4-基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮三氟乙酸盐(94mg,0.368mmol)溶解在MeOH(5mL)中。加入苯甲醛(58.6mg,56μL,1.5当量),接着加入NaBH3CN(46.3mg,0.74mmol,2当量)。将所得混合物在25℃下搅拌48h。蒸发挥发物并将粗物质溶于EtOAc(25mL)中。有机相用盐水洗涤,干燥并在真空下浓缩。残余物通过使用DCM:MeOH(99:1)作为洗脱剂的硅胶柱色谱法纯化,得到无色油状2-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮1(94mg,74%)。盐酸盐得到白色粉末。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.85(d,1H,J=4.1Hz),7.78-7.75(m,2H),7.45-7.39(m,3H),7.37-7.30(m,4H),7.25(m,1H),7.23(d,1H,J=4.1Hz),5.04(m,1H),3.55(s,2H),3.02(m,2H),2.23-2.08(m,4H),1.89-1.86(m,2H)。13CNMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δ160.1,139.3,138.9,136.2,134.5,129.6,129.2,128.9,128.5,128.4,127.2,127.1,63.1,56.1,53.1,30.7。
LC/MS(M+H)=346。
*2-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)-5-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐(化合物2)
使用与实施例A.1中所述相同的程序并从5-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮3(250mg,1.45mmol,1当量)和N-Boc-4-(2-((甲基磺酰基)氧基)乙基)哌啶(279.4mg,1.5当量)起始,在利用EtOAc/庚烷1/1的硅胶纯化后获得63%产率的4-(6-氧代-4-苯基哒嗪-1(6H)-基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯。1HNMR(200MHz,CDCl3):δ8.10(d,1H,J=2.3Hz),7.60-7.51(m,5H),7.06(d,1H,J=2.3Hz),5.15(m,1H),3.91-3.79(m,2H),3.36-3.23(m,2H),2.17-2.05(m,2H),1.89-1.49(m,2H),1.49(s,9H)。
在用合适的酸如三氟乙酸进行叔丁氧基羰基基团的脱保护和用苯甲醛进行还原胺化后,获得88%产率的无色油状标题化合物。盐酸盐得到白色粉末。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ10.60(bs,1H),8.46(d,1H,J=2.4Hz),7.85-7.83(m,2H),7.63-7.60(m,2H),7.54-7.51(m,3H),7.49-7.47(m,3H),7.24(d,1H,J=2.4Hz),5.07(m,1H),4.31(d,2H,J=5.2Hz),3.47-3.44(m,2H),3.25-3.17(m,2H),2.35-2.26(m,2H),2.03-2.00(m,2H)。13C-NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6):δ159.1,142.2,135.9,133.1,131.4,130.3,129.7,129.5,129.2,128.8,127.2,123.4,59.0,51.4,50.4,27.0。
LC/MS(M+H)=346。
3Tetrahedron,2004,60(52),12177-12189。
*4-苯基-2-[1-(2-苯基乙基)哌啶-4-基]-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮盐酸盐(化合物3)。
使用与实施例A.1中所述相同的程序并从4-苯基-2-(哌啶-4-基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮2,2,2-三氟乙酸盐(50mg,0.13mmol,1当量)和苯基乙醛(24.4mg,23.7μl,0.203mmol,1.5当量)起始,获得白色固体状标题化合物(40mg,75%)。盐酸盐得到白色粉末。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.80(d,1H,J=4.1Hz),7.72-7.70(m,2H),7.39-7.33(m,3H),7.24-7.11(m,6H),4.97(m,1H),3.09(d,2H,J=11.0Hz),2.79-2.75(m,2H),2.60-2.56(m,2H),2.22-2.04(m,4H),1.88-1.85(m,2H)。13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δ160.2,140.6,139.3,136.2,134.5,129.6,129.0,128.9,128.6,128.5,127.3,126.2,60.6,56.1,53.1,34.1,30.6。LC/MS(M+H)=360。
*2-[1-(环丙基甲基)哌啶-4-基]-4-苯基-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮盐酸盐(化合物4)。
使用与实施例A.1中所述相同的程序并从4-苯基-2-(哌啶-4-基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮2,2,2-三氟乙酸盐(50mg,0.13mmol,1当量)和环丙基甲醛(14.23mg,15.17μl,0.203mmol,1.5当量)起始,获得无色油状标题化合物(30mg,64%)。盐酸盐得到白色粉末。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.83(d,1H,J=4.1Hz),7.75-7.73(m,2H),7.39-7.35(m,3H),7.21(d,1H,J=4.1Hz),4.98(m,1H),3.19(m,2H),2.28(d,2H,J=6.4Hz),2.20-2.08(m,4H),1.89-1.87(m,2H),0.87(hept,1H,J=6.4Hz),0.52-0.48(m,2H),0.11-0.08(m,2H)。13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δ160.1,139.2,136.2,134.4,129.5,128.9,128.5,127.2,63.7,56.0,30.4,8.7,4.1。
LC/MS(M+H)=310。
*2-[1-(环戊基甲基)哌啶-4-基]-4-苯基-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮盐酸盐(化合物5)。
使用与实施例A.1中所述相同的程序并从4-苯基-2-(哌啶-4-基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮2,2,2-三氟乙酸盐(50mg,0.13mmol,1当量)和环戊烷甲醛(20.5mg,22.4μl,0.203mmol,1.5当量)起始,获得无色油状标题化合物(38mg,75%)。盐酸盐得到白色粉末。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.84(d,1H,J=4.1Hz),7.75-7.73(m,2H),7.40-7.35(m,3H),7.22(d,1H,J=4.1Hz),4.99(m,1H),3.05(m,2H),2.30(d,2H,J=7.2Hz),2.17-2.01(m,4H),1.87-1.84(m,2H),1.78-1.74(m,2H),1.62-1.29(m,5H),1.22-1.16(m,2H)。13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δ160.1,139.3,136.2,134.4,129.5,128.9,128.5,127.2,64.5,56.1,53.3,37.7,31.7,30.4,25.4。
LC/MS(M+H)=338。
*2-(1-苄基氮杂环庚烷-4-基)-4-苯基-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮盐酸盐(化合物6),(m'=m=1,n=0)。
使用与实施例A.1中所述相同的程序并从4-苯基-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮(45mg,0.26mmol,1当量)和4-(甲磺酰基氧基)氮杂环庚烷-1-甲酸叔丁酯4(92.01mg,0.31mmol,1.2当量)起始,获得49%产率的4-(6-氧代-5-苯基-1,6-二氢哒嗪-1-基)氮杂环庚烷-1-甲酸叔丁酯。在借助于TFA进行叔丁氧基羰基基团的脱保护后,所得三氟乙酸盐使用NaBH3CN在苯甲醛存在下进行还原胺化,得到白色固体状标题化合物(28.2mg,64%产率)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.70(d,1H,J=4.0Hz),7.66-7.59(m,2H),7.32-7.25(m,3H),7.24-7.20(m,2H),7.19-7.14(m,2H),7.11-7.05(m,2H),5.27-5.16(m,1H),3.51(s,2H),2.76-2.64(m,1H),2.59-2.52(m,3H),2.06-1.95(m,2H),1.93-1.85(m,2H),1.80-1.69(m,1H),1.67-1.64(m,1H)。13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δppm 159.5,139.7,139.2,136.0,134.3,129.3,128.8,128.3,128.2,126.9,126.8,62.8,58.2,55.7,52.0,33.7,32.6,25.6。
LC/MS(M+H)=360。
4ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters,2016,7(4),397-402。
实施例A.2:制备2-((1-苯乙基哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐(化合物10)
步骤1:4-[((甲基磺酰基)氧基)甲基]哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(中间体C,n=1,m=0,m'=1)
向4-(羟基甲基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(5g,23.2mmol,1当量)和NEt3(3.52g,4.86mL,34.85mmol 1.5当量)于DCM(75mL)中的冰冷溶液中滴加甲磺酰氯(3.99g,2.70mL,34.84mmol,1.2当量)并且将所得溶液在室温下搅拌直至起始材料完全转化。通过TLC和HPLC监测反应转化率并且通常在3小时内完成。在真空下蒸发挥发物并且将粗物质溶解在EtOAc(100mL)中。有机相用1N K2CO3(60mL)、水(60mL)、盐水(60mL)洗涤一次并且经(Na2SO4)干燥,过滤并减压浓缩。将所得油状物溶于冰冷Et2O(15mL)和戊烷(10mL)的混合物中并超声处理2-3min。所得固体通过在布氏漏斗(Büchner funnel)上抽滤来收集,用冰冷戊烷(2×5mL)洗涤并在真空下干燥,得到灰白色固体状标题化合物(4.16g,61%)。将滤液蒸发至大约一半体积以收集更多物质(2.0g,总产率:90%)。1H NMR(400MHZ,CDCl3):δppm4.16-4.12(m,2H),4.06(d,2H,J=6.4Hz),3.00(s,3H),2.67(t,2H,J=11.6Hz),1.92-1.88(m,1H),1.73(d,2H,J=11.6Hz),1.44(s,9H),1.26-1.15(m,2H)。13C NMR(101MHZ,CDCl3):δppm 154.8,79.7,73.5,37.5,36.1,28.6,28.4。
步骤2:4-苯基-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮(中间体B)
向微波小瓶(烘干并在氩气下)中装入苯基硼酸(2.05g,16.85mmol,1.1当量)、4-氯-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮(2.0g,15.32mmol,1.0当量)、碳酸钠(4.88g,45.9mmol,3当量)。然后加入四(三苯基膦)钯(0)(885mg,5mol%.),接着加入甲苯(38mL)、EtOH(8mL)和H2O(8mL)。将小瓶适当封盖并且将混合物容器抽空并用氩气回填(过程重复3次)并在120℃下加热直至起始材料完全转化。通过HPLC监测反应转化率并且通常在16小时内完成。冷却至室温后,将反应混合物蒸发至干。粗物质通过EtOAc(30mL)和H2O(50mL)分配。水相用EtOAc(20mL)萃取两次。合并有机相,用盐水洗涤并经Na2SO4干燥并蒸发。粗物质使用庚烷中50%至70%的EtOAc梯度进行快速色谱法,得到黄色固体状标题化合物(2.34g,13.6mmol,89%)。mp:217-220℃。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δppm 13.20(bs,1H),7.94(d,1H,J=4.0Hz),7.86(m,2H),7.58(d,1H,J=4.0Hz),7.51-7.42(m,3H)。13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6):δppm 160.9,138.7,137.8,134.2,129.8,129.2,128.9,128.7
步骤3:4-((6-氧代-5-苯基哒嗪-1(6H)-基)甲基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯
反应在氩气氛下在无水条件下进行。向4-苯基-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮(450mg,2.61mmol,1当量)于无水DMF(26.1mL)中的冰冷溶液中逐份加入氢化钠(209.1mg,5.23mmol,2当量)并且将混合物在0℃下搅拌30min。然后逐份加入4-[(甲磺酰基氧基)甲基]哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(920.1mg,3.14mmol,1.2当量)并且将混合物在110℃下加热过夜(HPLC监测:完全转化)。混合物用H2O(150mL)淬灭并用EtOAc(3×40mL)萃取。合并的有机层用盐水(2×50mL)洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并蒸发至干。所得残余物通过使用庚烷中10%至50%的EtOAc梯度的硅胶快速色谱法纯化,得到白色固体状标题化合物(835.6mg,2.26mmol,87%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm 7.84-7.78(m,3H),7.45-7.43(m,3H),7.29(d,1H,J=4.0Hz),4.15-4.13(m,4H),2.69(t,2H,J=12.4Hz),2.21-2.19(m,1H),1.65(d,2H,J=12.4Hz),1.45(s,9H),1.32-1.24(m,2H)。13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δppm 160.3,154.8,139.8,136.1,133.9,129.6,128.7,128.4,127,4,79.3,60.5,57.7,35.4,29.7,28.4
步骤4:2-((1-苯乙基哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮(化合物10)
在0℃下向4-[(6-氧代-5-苯基-1,6-二氢哒嗪-1-基)甲基]哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(110mg,0.3mmol,1当量)于DCM(5mL)中的溶液中加入TFA(0.45mL),并且将所得混合物在室温下搅拌1h。将粗反应物在真空下浓缩,共沸去除TFA与庚烷。残余物用冰冷乙醚湿磨,去除上清液并且将蒸发后的粗物质直接溶解在MeOH(5mL)中。加入4-苯基-2-(哌啶-4-基甲基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮2,2,2-三氟乙酸盐(150mg,0.30mmol,1当量)和苯基乙醛(43.5mg,42.3μl,0.36mmol,1.2当量),接着加入DIEA(156mg,1.20mmol,0.20ml)和NaBH3CN(37.9mg,0.6mmol,2当量)。将所得混合物在室温下搅拌48h。蒸发挥发物并且将粗物质溶于EtOAc(25mL)中。有机相用盐水洗涤,干燥并在真空下浓缩。残余物通过使用DCM:MeOH(98:2)作为洗脱剂的硅胶柱色谱法纯化,得到无色胶状2-((1-苯乙基哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮(79.2mg,64%)。%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm 7.84-7.77(m,3H),7.48-7.40(m,3H),7.30-7.26(m,3H),7.21-7.16(m,3H),4.17(d,2H,J=6.8Hz),3.01(d,2H,J=12.8Hz),2.81(m,2H),2.59(m,2H),2.07-2.01(m,3H),1.72(d,2H,J=12.8Hz),1.49(q,2H,J=12.8Hz)。13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δppm 160.4,140.5,139.9,136.1,134.1,129.7,128.9,128.8,128.5,127.5,126.1,60.9,58.0,53.4,35.3,33.8,30.0。
盐酸盐的形成
将60mg上述化合物溶解在最少的甲醇中并用过量的2N HCl的Et2O溶液处理所述溶液。搅拌15min后,所得混合物在真空下浓缩,用Et2O共蒸发两次,并且然后用冰冷戊烷湿磨。除去上清液并且将残余物在真空下干燥,得到(79.2mg白色固体状标题化合物)。LC/MS(M+H)=374。
*2-((1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基)-6-甲基-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮(化合物7)。
使用与实施例A.2中所述相同的程序并从6-甲基-4-苯基-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮5(30mg,0.161mmol,1当量)和4-[(甲基磺酰基)氧基)甲基]哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(53.62mg,1.2当量)起始,在硅胶纯化(AcOEt/庚烷1/3)后获得82%产率的4-[(3-甲基-6-氧代-5-苯基-1,6-二氢哒嗪-1-基)甲基]哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.77-7.72(m,2H),7.42-7.35(m,3H),7.16(s,1H),4.12-3.99(m,4H),2.82(t,2H,J=11.6Hz),2.33(s,3H),2.20-2.08(m,1H),1.61(d,2H,J=12.3Hz),1.41(s,9H),1.25(qd,2H,J=12.4Hz,J=5.2Hz)。13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δ159.6,154.9,144.3,139.6,134.2,129.7,129.6,128.9,128.5,79.5,57.5,44.0,43.83,35.6,29.9,28.6,21.2。
如针对实施例A.2所述用TFA对叔丁氧羰基基团进行脱保护,接着使用苯甲醛和NaBH3CN进行还原胺化,产生无色油状标题化合物(33.4mg,62%)。盐酸盐得到白色粉末。1HNMR(400MHz,MeOD):δ7.76-7.71(m,2H),7.47-7.39(m,4H),7.48-7.45(m,3H),7.34-7.31(m,4H),7.30-7.20(m,1H),4.08(d,2H,J=7.2Hz),3.57(s,2H),3.31(qt,1H,J=1.7Hz),2.94(dt,2H,J=11.8,J=3.4Hz),2.36(s,3H),2.09(td,2H,J=11.5Hz,J=2.0Hz),2.04-1.94(m,1H),1.66(d,2H,J=12.3Hz),1.43(qd,J=12.6Hz,J=4.0Hz,2H)。13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δ161.0,1435,138.7,135.6,134.2,130.4,129.6,129.3,128.3,127.1,127.0,124.8,63.5,57.1,53.4,35.5,30.1。
LC/MS(M+H)=374.22
5a Chin.J.Org.Chem.,2014,34,722-728;5b Pest Manag Sci.,2006,62,522–530。
*2-((1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基)-5-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐(化合物8)。
使用与实施例A.2中所述相同的程序并从5-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮(25mg,0.145mmol,1当量)和4-[(甲基磺酰基)氧基)甲基]哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(51.12mg,1.2当量)起始,在硅胶纯化(AcOEt/庚烷1/3)后获得72%产率的4-(6-氧代-4-苯基哒嗪-1(6H)-基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ8.01(d,1H,J=2.2Hz),7.55-7.53(m,2H),7.46-7.44(m,3H),7.01(d,1H,J=2.2Hz),4.06-4.04(m,4H),2.66(t,2H,J=11.7Hz),2.13(m,1H),1.62-1.59(m,2H),1.41(s,9H),1.26-1.23(m,2H)。
如针对实施例A.2所述用TFA对叔丁氧羰基基团进行脱保护,接着使用苯甲醛和NaBH3CN进行还原胺化,产生无色油状标题化合物(16mg,39%)。盐酸盐得到白色粉末。1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ7.99(d,1H,J=2.2Hz),7.55-7.53(m,2H),7.48-7.45(m,3H),7.31-7.21(m,5H),7.03(d,1H,J=2.2Hz),4.09(d,2H,J=7.0Hz),3.47(s,2H),2.87(t,2H,J=11.7Hz),2.03-1.92(m,3H),1.63(d,2H,J=12.8Hz),1.48-1.38(m,2H)。13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δ161.0,1435,138.7,135.6,134.2,130.4,129.6,129.3,128.3,127.1,127.0,124.8,63.5,57.1,53.4,35.5,30.1。
LC/MS(M+H)=360。
*2-[(1-苄基哌啶-3-基)甲基]-4-苯基-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮盐酸盐(化合物9)
使用与实施例A.2中所述相同的程序并从4-苯基-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮(45mg,0.26mmol,1当量)和3-[(甲磺酰基氧基)甲基]哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(92.01mg,0.31mmol,1.2当量)起始,获得无色油状3-[(6-氧代-5-苯基-1,6-二氢哒嗪-1-基)甲基]哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(63.3mg,66%)。1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm 7.70-7.50(m,3H),7.32-7.21(m,3H),7.11(d,1H,4.0Hz),4.13-3.83(m,2H),3.73(d,2H,J=13.3Hz),2.67(t,1H,J=12.7Hz),2.67-2.48(m,1H),2.10-1.97(m,1H),1.71-1.47(m,2H),1.35-1.27(m,1H),1.25(s,9H),1.14-1.02(m,1H)13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δppm 160.2,154.7,139.7,136.1,133.9,129.5,128.7,128.4,127.4,79.3,55.08,42.1,35.5,28.4,28.1,24.4
如针对实施例A.2所述借助于TFA对叔丁氧羰基基团进行脱保护,接着使用苯甲醛和NaBH3CN进行还原胺化,产生白色固体状标题化合物(29.7mg,47%)。Tr(HPLC)=7.06min.。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm 7.78-7.70(m,3H),7.45-7.36(m,3H),7.30-7.15(m,6H),4.19(dd,1H,J=12.9Hz,7.2Hz),4.07(dd,1H,J=12.9Hz,J=7.2Hz),3.50(d,1H,J=12.9Hz),3.39(d,1H,J=12.9Hz),2.66(d,1H,J=10.8Hz),2.31(d,1H,J=10.8Hz),2.36-2.25(m,1H),2.05-1.92(m,2H),1.67(d,2H,J=10.2Hz),1.58-1.45(m,1H),1.18-1.08(m,1H)。13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δppm 160.2,139.6,138.7 135.9,134.1,129.5,129.0,128.7,128.3,128.1,127.3,126.8,63.5,57.9,55.7,53.9,35.9,28.3,24.6。
LC/MS(M+H)=360。
*4-苯基-2-((1-丙基哌啶-4-基)甲基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐(化合物11)
使用与实施例A.2中所述相同的程序并从4-苯基-2-(哌啶-4-基甲基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮2,2,2-三氟乙酸盐(178.6mg,0.39mmol,1当量)和丙醛(27.3mg,34.2μl,0.46mmol,1.2当量)起始,获得白色固体状标题化合物(115.8mg,85%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm7.83-7.76(m,3H),7.46-7.39(m,3H),7.27(d,1H,J=4.0Hz),4.15(d,2H,J=6.8Hz),2.96(d,2H,J=11.6Hz),2.31(t,2H,J=8.0Hz),2.09-2.01(m,1H),1.96(t,2H,J=11.6Hz),1.72-1.66(m,2H),1.57-1.42(m,4H),0.88(t,3H,J=7.6Hz)。13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δppm160.3,139.7,136.0,134.0,129.5,128.7,128.4,127.4,60.8,57.8,53.1,35.1,29.7,18.9,11.7。LC/MS(M+H)=312。
*2-((1-(4-氯苄基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐(化合物12)
使用与实施例A.2中所述相同的程序并从4-苯基-2-(哌啶-4-基甲基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮2,2,2-三氟乙酸盐(150mg,0.30mmol,1当量)和4-氯苯甲醛(50.9mg,0.36mmol,1.2当量)起始,获得淡黄色固体状标题化合物(36.7mg,28%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm7.82-7.76(m,3H),7.46-7.39(m,3H),7.28-7.21(m,5H),4.15(d,2H,J=6.8Hz),3.44(s,2H),2.84(d,2H,J=11.2Hz),2.09-2.01(m,1H),1.96(t,2H,J=11.2Hz),1.65(d,2H J=12.8Hz),1.50-1.37(m,2H)。13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δppm 160.4,139.8,137.2,136.1,134.1,132.7,130.5,129.7,128.8,128.5,128.4,127.4,62.6,58.0,53.3,35.2,30.0。
LC/MS(M+H)=394。
*2-((1-(环己基甲基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐(化合物13)
使用与实施例A.2中所述相同的程序并从4-苯基-2-(哌啶-4-基甲基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮2,2,2-三氟乙酸盐(178.6mg,0.39mmol,1当量)和环己烷甲醛(52.9mg,0.36mmol,1.2当量)起始,获得60%产率的标题化合物。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm 7.82-7.76(m,3H),7.46-7.38(m,3H),7.26(d,1H,J=4.0Hz),4.13(d,2H,J=6.8Hz),2.83(d,2H,J=10.8Hz),2.08(d,2H,J=6.8Hz),2.03-2.00(m,1H),1.86(t,2H,J=11.6Hz),1.78-1.60(m,7H),1.50-1.38(m,3H),1.25-1.11(m,3H),0.91-0.77(m,2H)。13CNMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δppm160.4,139.8,136.0,134.2,129.6,128.8,126.5,127.4,66.1,58.1,54.0,35.4,32.2,30.0,26.9,26.3。LC/MS(M+H)=366。
*4-苯基-2-((1-(吡啶-4-基甲基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐(化合物14)
使用与实施例A.2中所述相同的程序并从4-苯基-2-(哌啶-4-基甲基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮2,2,2-三氟乙酸盐(150mg,0.30mmol,1当量)和4-吡啶-甲醛(38.8mg,34.1μl,0.36mmol,1.2当量)起始,获得米色固体状标题化合物(11.4mg,10%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm 8.55-8.49(m,2H),7.83-7.77(m,3H),7.46-7.40(m,3H),7.30-7.23(m,3H)。4.16(d,2H,J=6.8Hz),3.47(s,2H),2.83(d,2H,J=11.2Hz).2.00(t,2H,J=11.6Hz),1.91-1.76(m,1H),1.66(d,2H,J=12.0Hz),1.51-1.45(m,2H)。13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δppm 154.9,149.8,148.2,139.8,136.1,134.1,129.7,128.9,128.5,127.5,123.9.62.1,57.9,53.5,35.1,30.0。
LC/MS(M+H)=362
*4-苯基-2-((1-((四氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)甲基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮二 盐酸盐(化合物15)
使用与实施例A.2中所述相同的程序并从4-苯基-2-(哌啶-4-基甲基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮2,2,2-三氟乙酸盐(178.6mg,0.30mmol,1当量)和烷-4-甲醛(53.7mg,48.8μl,0.47mmol,1.2当量)起始,获得76%产率(118.7mg)的标题化合物。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δppm10.1(s,宽,1H),8.00(d,1H,J=4.0Hz),7.86-7.80(m,2H),7.60(d,1H,J=4.0Hz),7.49-7.42(m,3H),4.06(d,2H,J=6.8Hz),3.83(d,2H,J=10.8Hz),3.48-3.43(m,4H),3.28(t,2H,J=11.6Hz),2.89-2.84(m,4H),2.22-2.11(m,1H),2.09-2.00(m,1H),1.82-1.70(m,4H),1.23-1.19(m,2H)。13CNMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6):δppm 158.8,137.4,136.2,133.3,128.8,128.0,127.7,127.6,65.7,60.9,55.2,51.4,32.2,30.1,29.0,25.7。
LC/MS(M+H)=368。
*2-{[1-(1H-咪唑-5-基甲基)哌啶-4-基]甲基}-4-苯基-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮二盐 酸盐(化合物16)。
使用与实施例A.2中所述相同的程序并从4-苯基-2-(哌啶-4-基甲基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮2,2,2-三氟乙酸盐(250mg,0.59mmol,1当量)和4-1H-咪唑-5-甲醛(67.7mg,0.70mmol,1.2当量)起始,获得白色固体状标题化合物(20.9mg,8%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm 7.65(d,1H,J=4.1Hz),7.63-7.58(m,2H),7.37(s,1H),7.31-7.23(m,3H),7.11(d,1H,J=4.1Hz),6.71(s,1H),3.98(d,2H,J=6.9Hz),3.34(s,2H),2.74(dt,2H,J=11.7Hz,J=3.7Hz),1.83(dt,2H,J=11.7Hz,J=1.7Hz),1.57(d,2H,J=12.9Hz),1.25(dq,2H,J=12.0,J=3.2Hz),1.12-1.07(m,1H)。13CNMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δppm 160.3,139.7,136.1,135.1133.9,129.6,128.7,128.4,127.5,57.7,54.1,53.0,35.1,29.8。
LC/MS(M+H)=350。
*4-苯基-2-((1-((四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基)甲基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐 酸盐(化合物17)。
使用与实施例A.2中所述相同的程序并从4-苯基-2-(哌啶-4-基甲基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮2,2,2-三氟乙酸盐(125mg,0.32mmol,1当量)和烷-3-甲醛(55.8mg,0.49mmol,1.2当量)起始,获得58%产率(69mg)的标题化合物。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm 7.81(d,1H,J=4.2Hz),7.80-7.77(m,2H),7.46-7.40(m,3H),7.28(d,1H,J=4.2Hz),4.13(d,2H,J=7.2Hz),3.93(ddd,1H,J=10.6Hz,J=5.3Hz,J=2.6Hz),3.85(dt,1H,J=12.5Hz,J=4.1Hz),3.40-3.33(m,1H),3.08(dd,1H,J=8.4Hz,J=12.2Hz),2.92-2.85(m,1H),2.82-2.74(m,1H),2.15-1.95(m,3H),1.94-1.77(m,4H),1.671.55(m,4H),1.48-1.34(m,2H),1.20-1.11(m,1H)。13CNMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δppm 160.3,139.7,135.9,134.0,129.5,128.7,128.4,127.3,72.5,68.6,61.4,58.0,54.2,53.5,35.2,33.6,2930.0,29.9,28.6,25.6。
LC/MS(M+H)=368。
*2-((1-(4-羟基苄基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐(化合物18)。
使用与实施例A.2中所述相同的程序并从4-苯基-2-(哌啶-4-基甲基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮2,2,2-三氟乙酸盐(131mg,0.34mmol,1当量)和对羟基-苯甲醛(62.6mg,0.51mmol,1.5当量)起始,获得51%产率(66mg)的标题化合物。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm 7.80(d,1H,J=4.2Hz),7.79-7.75(m,2H),7.46-7.38(m,3H),7.27(d,1H,J=4.2Hz),7.08(d,2H,J=8.6Hz),6.64(d,1H,J=8.6Hz),4.14(d,2H,J=7.2Hz),3.46(s,2H),2.97(dt,2H,J=11.5Hz,J=5.1Hz),2.12-1.97(m,3H),1.72-1.63(m,2H),1.5(qd,2H,J=11.5Hz,J=5.1Hz)。13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δppm160.3,155.8,155.7,139.7,136.0,133.9,130.9,129.6,128.7,128.4,127.5,115.4,62.4,57.8,52.7,34.8,29.2。
LC/MS(M+H)=376。
实施例A.3:2-((1-(2-甲氧基乙基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸 盐(化合物19)。
在0℃下向4-[(6-氧代-5-苯基-1,6-二氢哒嗪-1-基)甲基]哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(100mg,0.27mmol,1当量)于DCM(1.5mL)中的溶液中加入TFA(0.41mL),并且将所得混合物在室温下搅拌1h。将粗反应物在真空下浓缩,共沸去除TFA与庚烷。残余物用冰冷乙醚湿磨,去除上清液并且将蒸发后的粗物质直接溶解在DMF(1.0mL)中。加入1-溴-2-甲氧基乙烷(44.8mg,30.7μL,1.2当量),接着加入K2CO3(148.5mg,1.07mmol,4当量)。使所得混合物回流18h。蒸发挥发物并且将粗物质溶于EtOAc(25mL)中。有机相用盐水洗涤,干燥并在真空下浓缩。残余物通过使用EtOAc/MeOH/NH4OH 95/5/0.5作为洗脱剂的硅胶柱色谱法纯化,在用2MHCl的Et2O溶液成盐后得到灰白色固体状标题化合物(67%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm7.80(d,1H,J=4.0Hz),7.79-775(m,2H),7.45-7.39(m,3H),7.26(d,1H,J=4.0Hz),4.13(d,2H,J=6.8Hz),3.47(t,2H,J=5.6Hz),3.33(s,3H),2.97-2.91(m,2H),2.54(t,2H,J=5.6Hz),2.07-1.95(m,3H),1.68-1.65(m,2H),1.53-1.43(m,2H)。
LC/MS(M+H)=328。
*2-((1-(2-羟基乙基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐(化合物20)。
使用与实施例A.3中所述相同的程序并从4-苯基-2-(哌啶-4-基甲基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮2,2,2-三氟乙酸盐(178.6mg,0.39mmol,1当量)和2-氯乙醇(37.8mg,31.5μl,0.47mmol,1.2当量)起始,获得79%产率的标题化合物。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ10.30(bs,1H),8.01(d,1H,J=4.3Hz),7.84-7.82(m,2H),7.60(d,1H,J=4.3Hz),7.47-7.44(m,3H),5.33(t,1H,J=5.0Hz),4.05(d,2H,J=6.9Hz),3.76(q,2H,J=5.0Hz),3.29-3.23(m,2H),3.07(q,2H,J=5.0Hz),2.97-2.88(m,2H),2.19-2.12(m,1H),1.76-1.65(m,4H)。13C-NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6):δ159.4,138.0,136.9,133.9,129.4,128.7,128.3,128.2,58.3,55.8,55.1,51.8,32.8,26.5。LC/MS(M+H)=314。
*2-((1-(2-甲氧基-1-苯基乙基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐(化合物21)
使用与实施例A.3中所述相同的程序并从4-苯基-2-(哌啶-4-基甲基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮2,2,2-三氟乙酸盐(160mg,0.42mmol,1当量)和1-溴-2-甲氧基乙基)苯5(107.7mg,0.50mmol,1.2当量)起始,获得28%产率的标题化合物。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm 7.81-7.74(m,3H),7.47-7.37(m,3H),7.33-7.21(m,6H),3.813.71(m,1H),3.67-3.62(m,1H),3.59-3.52(m,1H),3.30(s,3H),3.09-2.99(m,1H),2.85-2.74(m,1H),2.12-2.05(m,1H)1.98-1.87(m,2H),1.72-1.33(m,4H)。13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δppm 160.2,139.7,135.9,134.0,129.5,128.7,128.4,128.3,128.0,127.3,74.1,69.2,58.7,57.9,51.1,50.3,35.7,30.0。
LC/MS(M+H)=314。
5Neuss J.C.,Orchard M.G.;Scopes,D.I.C.,WO 2003070239
*N-(2-{4-[(6-氧代-5-苯基-1,6-二氢哒嗪-1-基)甲基]哌啶-1-基}乙基)乙酰胺 盐酸盐(化合物22)。
使用与实施例A.3中所述相同的程序并从4-苯基-2-(哌啶-4-基甲基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮2,2,2-三氟乙酸盐(60mg,0.16mmol,1当量)和N-(2-氯乙基)乙酰胺(19mg,0.16mmol,1.0当量)起始,获得34%产率(19mg)的标题化合物。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm7.79(d,1H,J=4.0Hz),7.77-7.74(m,2H),7.42-7.39(m,3H),7.26(d,1H,J=4.0Hz),6.44(bs,1H),4.13(d,2H,J=7.2Hz),3.34(dd,2H,J=10.6Hz,J=5.9Hz),2.95(d,2H,J=11.4Hz),2.53(t,2H,J=5.8Hz),2.09(m,3H),1.95(s,3H),1.7(d,2H,J=11.8Hz),1.52-1.44(m,2H)。13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δppm 170.4,160.3,139.7,136.2,133.8,129.6,128.7,128.4,127.5,57.4,56.7,53.0,35.8,34.7,29.9,23.2。
LC/MS(M+H)=355。
实施例A.4:2-((1-(2-(4-氟苯基)-2-羟基乙基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3 (2H)-酮盐酸盐(化合物23)。
步骤1:2-((1-(2-(4-氟苯基)-2-氧代乙基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐(化合物24)。
向4-苯基-2-(哌啶-4-基甲基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮2,2,2-三氟乙酸盐(350mg,mg,0.82mmol,1当量)于MeCN(6.3mL)中的溶液中加入2-氯-4'-氟苯乙酮(170mg,0.99mmol,1.2当量),接着加入K2CO3(454.2mg,3.29mmol,4当量)。将所得混合物回流17h。蒸发挥发物并且将粗物质溶于EtOAc(25mL)中。有机相用盐水洗涤,干燥并在真空下浓缩。残余物通过使用MeOH/H2O+0.05%TFA的反相色谱法纯化。将所得产物溶于EtOAc中并用NaHCO3饱和溶液洗涤。蒸发后,将所得油状物(170mg)溶解在最少的甲醇中,并用过量的2N HCl的Et2O溶液处理所述溶液。搅拌15min后,将所得混合物在真空下浓缩,用Et2O共蒸发两次并且然后用冰冷戊烷湿磨。除去上清液并且将残余物在真空下干燥,得到53%产率的标题化合物。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm 7.89(dd,2H,J=8.9Hz,J=5.3Hz),7.84(d,1H,J=4.2Hz),7.75-7.69(m,2H),7.46-7.36(m,3H),7.30(d,1H,J=4.2Hz),7.13(t,2H,J=8.5Hz),4.62(s,2H),4.32-4.15(m,2H),3.79-3.65(m,2H),3.23-3.06(m,2H),2.45-2.30(m,1H),2.01-1.87(m,4H)。13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δppm 195.4,167.0,164.5,160.3,139.7,136.0,133.9,132.5,131.1,130.9,129.5,128.7,128.4,127.4,115.6,115.4,65.1,57.8,53.6,34.7,29.7。19FNMR(376MHz,CDCl3):δppm-104.9。
LC/MS(M+H)=406。
步骤2:2-((1-(2-(4-氟苯基)-2-羟基乙基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐(化合物23)。
向2-((1-(2-(4-氟苯基)-2-氧代乙基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮(112mg,0.28mmol,1当量)于MeOH(3mL)中的溶液中加入NaBH4(21.1mg,0.55mmol,2当量)并且将所得混合物搅拌6.5h。然后加入H2O(0.8mL)并蒸发挥发物。粗物质通过使用MeOH/H2O+0.05%TFA的反相色谱法纯化。将所得产物溶于EtOAc中并用NaHCO3饱和溶液洗涤。蒸发后,将所得油状物溶解在最少的甲醇中并用过量的2NHCl的Et2O溶液处理所述溶液。搅拌15min后,将所得混合物在真空下浓缩,用Et2O共蒸发两次并且然后用冰冷戊烷湿磨。除去上清液并且将残余物在真空下干燥,得到白色固体状标题化合物(36mg,32%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm 7.66(d,1H,J=4.0Hz),7.63(dd,J=7.2Hz,J=2.3Hz),4.51(dd,1H,J=10.8Hz,J=3.2Hz),4.0(d,2H,J=7.1Hz),2.97(d,1H,J=12.0Hz),2.64(d,1H,J=11.6Hz),2.30(dd,1H,J=12.3Hz,J=3.6Hz),2.23(d,1H,J=10.6Hz),2.14(dt 1H,J=11.3Hz,J=2.8Hz),1.99-1.81(m,2H),1.61-1.48(m,2H),1.39-1.23(m,2H)。13CNMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δppm 163.4,160.9,160.3,139.7,138.0,137.9,136.0,133.9,129.6,128.7,128.4,128.3,127.5,127.4,127.3,115.2,115.0,67.9,66.3,57.8,54.8,51.6,34.9,30.1,29.8。19F NMR(376MHz,CDCl3):δppm-115.5。
LC/MS(M+H)=408
*2-((1-(2-羟基-2-苯基乙基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐(化合物25)。
使用与实施例A.4中所述相同的程序并从4-苯基-2-(哌啶-4-基甲基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮2,2,2-三氟乙酸盐和2-氯-1-苯基乙-1-酮起始,在用NaBH4对羰基基团进行还原步骤后分离出35%产率的标题化合物。1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm 7.73(d,1H,J=4.0Hz),7.72-7.68(m,2H),7.39-7.31(m,3H),7.29-7.12(m,6H),4.69(dd,1H,J=10.9Hz,J=3.5Hz),4.08(d,2H,J=8.2Hz),3.02(d,1H,J=11.7Hz),2.72(d,1H,J=11.3Hz),2.41(dd,1H,J=12.4Hz,J=4.5Hz),2.35(q,1H,J=11.9Hz),2.21(dt,1H,J=11.7Hz,J=2.8Hz),2.06-1.89(m,2H),1.68-1.57(m,2H),1.47-1.30(m,2H)。13CNMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δppm160.3,142.3,139.7,136.0,133.9,129.6,128.7,128.4,128.3,127.4,127.3,125.8,68.8,66.4,57.8,54.8,51.6,35.0,30.2,29.9。
LC/MS(M+H)=390。
实施例A.5:2-(2-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)乙基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐(化合物26)。
步骤1:4-(2-((氯磺酰基)氧基)乙基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯
在室温下在氮气下,将甲磺酰氯(0.52mL,2当量)滴加到4-(2-羟基乙基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(840mg,3.7mmol,1.0当量)和三乙胺(1.0mL,2当量)于无水DCM(20mL)中的溶液中。将溶液搅拌4h并用20mL的1M HCl淬灭。用EtOAc(3×20mL)萃取水相,合并的有机层用盐水(20mL)洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并且然后在真空下浓缩。使残余油状物从庚烷(40mL)中结晶,得到标题化合物(1.05g,93%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm 4.30(t,2H,J=6.4Hz),3.04(s,3H),2.71(t,2H,J=12.5Hz),1.75-1.60(m,7H),1.47(s,9H),1.21-1.15(m,2H)。13CNMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δppm 154.8,79.4,77.4,67.4,37.5,35.6,32.4,31.7,28.5。
步骤2:4-(2-(6-氧代-4-苯基哒嗪-1(6H)-基)乙基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯
向50ml烧瓶(烘干并在氩气下)中装入4-苯基-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮(200mg,1.16mmol,1.0当量)、4-(2-((氯磺酰基)氧基)乙基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(357.2mg,1.16mmol,1.0当量)和K2CO3(160.6mg,1.16mmol,1.0当量)。加入2-丁酮(10mL)并且将混合物在85℃下加热16h(HPLC监测:完全转化)。混合物用H2O(150mL)淬灭并用EtOAc(3×40mL)萃取。合并的有机层用盐水(2×50mL)洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并蒸发至干。所得残余物通过使用EtOAc/庚烷:1:2作为洗脱剂的硅胶快速色谱法纯化,得到白色固体状标题化合物(357mg,80%)。1H NMR(200MHz,CDCl3):δppm 7.87(d,1H,J=4.1Hz),7.83-7.80(m,2H),7.49-7.46(m,3H),7.32(d,1H,J=4.1Hz),4.32(t,2H,J=7.4Hz),4.15-4.08(m,2H),2.73(td,2H,J=13.0Hz,2.4Hz),1.88-1.75(m,4H),1.52-1.49(m,1H),1.49(s,9H),1.32-1.17(m,2H)。
步骤3:2-(2-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)乙基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮(化合物26)。
在0℃下向4-(2-(6-氧代-5-苯基哒嗪-1(6H)-基)乙基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(357mg,0.93mmol,1当量)于DCM(5mL)中的溶液中加入TFA(2mL),并且将所得混合物在室温下搅拌1h。将粗反应物在真空下浓缩,共沸去除TFA与庚烷。粗物质用NaHCO3饱和水溶液(10mL)淬灭并用EtOAc(2×8mL)萃取两次。合并的有机层用盐水(2×50mL)洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并蒸发至干,获得粘性油状4-苯基-2-(2-(哌啶-4-基)乙基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮(252mg,96%)。化合物未经进一步纯化即用于还原胺化步骤。1H NMR(200MHz,CDCl3):δppm7.86(d,1H,J=4.1Hz),7.84-7.80(m,2H),7.50-7.43(m,3H),7.32(d,1H,J=4.1Hz),4.32(t,2H,J=7.4Hz),3.53(s,1H),3.22-3.14(m,2H),2.67(td,2H,J=13.0Hz,2.4Hz),1.99-1.79(m,4H),1.52-1.49(m,1H),1.41-1.26(m,2H)。
将4-苯基-2-(2-(哌啶-4-基)乙基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮(118mg,0.41mmol)溶解在MeOH(5mL)中。加入苯甲醛(66.2mg,63.2μL,1.5当量),接着加入NaBH3CN(52.3mg,0.83mmol,2当量)和AcOH。将所得混合物在室温下搅拌48h。蒸发挥发物并且将粗物质溶于EtOAc(25mL)中。有机相用盐水洗涤,干燥并在真空下浓缩。残余物通过使用DCM:MeOH(95:5)作为洗脱剂的硅胶柱色谱法纯化,得到无色油状2-(2-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)乙基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮(112mg,72%)。盐酸盐得到白色粉末。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δppm 10.06(bs,1H),8.00(d,1H,J=4.2Hz),7.84-7.81(m,2H),7.59(d,1H,J=4.2Hz),7.57-7.54(m,2H),7.47-7.37(m,6H),4.24(d,2H,J=5.2Hz),4.18(t,2H,J=7.1Hz),3.32-3.30(m,2H),2.87(q,2H,J=10.6Hz),1.94-1.86(m,3H),1.69(q,2H,J=6.6Hz),1.53-1.43(m,2H)。13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6):δppm 159.1,137.9,136.9,133.9,131.4,129.7,129.5,129.3,128.7,128.6,128.3,128.2,59.1,51.4,48.8,33.9,30.6,28.5。
LC/MS(M+H)=374。
*2-(2-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)乙基)-5-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐(化合物27)。
使用与实施例A.3中所述相同的程序并从5-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮(100mg,0.58mmol)和N-Boc-4-(2-((甲基磺酰基)氧基)乙基)哌啶(178.5mg,0.58mmol,1当量)起始,在使用EtOAc/庚烷1/2作为洗脱剂的硅胶纯化后获得4-(2-(6-氧代-5-苯基哒嗪-1(6H)-基)乙基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(206mg,93%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm 8.01(d,1H,J=2.0Hz),7.54-7.52(m,2H),7.46-7.45(m,3H),7.00(d,1H,J=2.0Hz),4.20(t,2H,J=7.3Hz),4.04(bs,2H),2.64(t,2H,J=13.0Hz),1.78-1.70(m,4H),1.47-1.41(m,1H),1.41(s,9H),1.18-1.11(m,2H)。13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δppm 160.6,155.0,143.6,135.8,134.1,130.4,129.5,127.0,124.7,79.4,49.3,35.1,33.7,32.1,28.7,28.6。
用TFA进行叔丁氧基羰基基团的脱保护,接着用苯甲醛和NaBH3CN进行还原胺化反应,产生75%产率的标题化合物。盐酸盐得到白色粉末。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm 8.00(d,1H,J=2.1Hz),7.54-7.52(m,2H),7.46-7.45(m,3H),7.27-7.26(m,4H),7.22-7.19(m,1H),7.00(d,1H,J=2.1Hz),4.19(t,2H,J=7.5Hz),3.45(s,2H),2.84(d,2H,J=10.8Hz),1.91(t,2H,J=10.8Hz),1.77-1.70(m,4H),1.34-1.28(m,3H)。13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δppm 160.7,143.5,138.7,135.8,134.2,130.4,129.6,129.4,128.3,127.1,127.0,124.8,63.7,53.9,49.6,35.2,33.6,32.4。
LC/MS(M+H)=374。
哌啶的取代
本发明还提供了一种用于制备在哌啶的C-4碳上带有小取代基R'(氟、甲基或羟基)或R”(C1-C5烷基、C3-C7环烷基)的通式(I)化合物的方法。说明性的一般合成方法在下文通过描述本发明的具体化合物的示例性合成来阐述,如方案2中所示。
方案2
条件:a)n=0,K2CO3,2-丁酮,85℃,24h;b)n=1,NaH,DMF,110℃,18h;c)TFA,DCM,25℃,45min;d)R3CHO,NaBH3CN;DIEA,MeOH,25℃,18h或R3-CH2Br,K2CO3,DMF或MeCN,80℃,18h。
实施例A.6:2-(1-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)乙基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐(化合物28)。
使用与实施例A.2中所述相同的程序并从4-苯基-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮(200mg,1.16mmol,1.0当量)和4-(1-((甲基磺酰基)氧基)乙基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯6(357.1mg,1.16mmol,1.0当量)起始,获得灰白色固体状4-(1-(6-氧代-5-苯基哒嗪-1(6H)-基)乙基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(145mg,33%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm 7.87(d,1H,J=4.0Hz),7.79-7.75(m,2H),7.49-7.38(m,3H),7.24(d 1H,J=4.0Hz),5.15-5.06(m,1H),4.23-3.91(m,2H),2.80-2.53(m,2H),2.04-1.92(m,1H),1.85-1.61(m,2H),1.42(s,9H),1.39(d,3H,J=6.6Hz),1.36-1.16(m,2H)。
在借助于TFA进行BOC的脱保护后,使用NaBH3CN利用苯甲醛对所得三氟乙酸盐进行还原胺化,得到标题化合物(44mg,35%)1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm 7.86(d,1H,J=4.0Hz),7.80-7.75(m,2H),7.47-7.39(m,3H),7.32-7.20(m,6H),5.17-5.08(m,1H),3.74(t,2H,J=6.1Hz),3.46(s,2H),2.93(d,1H,J=11.2Hz),2.82(d,1H,J=11.2Hz),1.99(t,1H,J=11.3Hz),1.91-1.75(m,2H),1.52-1.31(m,2H),1.38(d,3H,J=6.8Hz)。13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δppm 160.4,139.4,138.5,136.1,134.4,129.5,129.2,128.8,128.4,128.2,127.0,126.9,68.1,63.2,57.8,53.5,40.5,28.04,25.7,17.1。
LC/MS(M+H)=374。
6ACS Medicinal Chemistry letters,4(11),1064-1068,2013。
*2-((1-苄基-4-羟基哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐(化合物29)。
使用与实施例A.6中所述相同的程序并从4-苯基-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮(200mg,1.16mmol,1.0当量)和新鲜制备的4-羟基-4-((甲苯磺酰基氧基)甲基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(1.0当量,来自4-羟基-4-(羟基甲基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯)7起始,获得75%产率的4-羟基-4-((6-氧代-5-苯基哒嗪-1(6H)-基)甲基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm7.87(d,1H,J=4.0Hz),7.77-7.73(m,2H),7.46-7.42(m,3H),7.33-7.29(m,5H),4.37(s,2H),3.75-3.72(m,3H),3.63-3.58(m,2H),2.72-2.69(m,2H),2.55(t,2H,J=11.0Hz),1.81-1.77(m,2H),13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δppm 162.2,140.4,136.9,133.5,129.8,129.4,128.7,128.5,128.4,128.1,127.4,70.4,67.7,62.7,48.9,35.4。
LC/MS(M+H)=376
7Hartman G.D.,Flores,O.A.,WO 2013096744
或者,Suzuki-Miyaura交叉偶联反应可以在序列的后面进行,从而能够以更收敛的方法i)在哒嗪酮环的4位或5位上引入各种芳基(方法a)或ii)实现哌啶部分的官能化(方法b)。使用前面描述的相同条件,氯哒嗪酮衍生物A用适当的通式C的4-甲基磺酰基氧基-哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯衍生物进行N-烷基化,得到中间体E。通过本领域众所周知的方法用合适的试剂对E进行衍生化步骤,产生中间体F,其最终参与Suzuki-Miyaura反应,给出了本发明的实施例(实施例A.9)。Suzuki Miyaura反应也可以从中间体E进行,产生前面描述的中间体D,如方案3中所示(实施例A.7-8)
方案3
条件:a)K2CO3,2-丁酮,85℃,24h;b)NaH,DMF,110℃,18h;c)TFA,DCM,25℃,45min;d)R3CHO,NaBH3CN;DIEA,MeOH,25℃,18h,或R3-CH2Br,K2CO3,DMF或MeCN,80℃,18h。e)K2CO3,Pd(PPh3)4,PhB(OH)2,甲苯,EtOH,H2O,120℃,16h。
实施例A.7:2-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)-4-(4-甲氧基苯基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐(化合物30)。
步骤1:4-((5-氯-6-氧代哒嗪-1(6H)-基))哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯
反应在氩气氛下进行。向4-氯-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮(100mg,0.77mmol,1.0当量)于丁酮(7.0mL)中的溶液中加入4-(甲磺酰基氧基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(321.0mg,1.15mmol,1.5当量)和K2CO3。将所得混合物在85℃下加热过夜(HPLC监测:完全转化)。混合物用H2O(150mL)淬灭并用EtOAc(3×40mL)萃取。合并的有机层用盐水(2×50mL)洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并蒸发至干。所得残余物通过使用庚烷中0%至50%的EtOAc梯度的硅胶快速色谱法纯化,得到标题化合物(180mg,0.57mmol,75%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm 7.71(d,1H,J=4.4Hz),7.33(d,1H,J=4.4Hz),5.21-5.00(m,1H),4.40-4.20(m,2H,),1.90-1.80(m,4H),1.47(s,9H)。
步骤2:4-(5-(4-甲氧基苯基)-6-氧代哒嗪-1(6H)-基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯
向微波小瓶(烘干并在氩气下)中装入4-甲氧基苯基硼酸(125.9mg,0.83mmol,1.3当量)、4-(5-氯-6-氧代哒嗪-1(6H)-基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(200mg,0.64mmol,1.0当量)、碳酸钠(135.1mg,1.27mmol,2当量)。然后加入四(三苯基膦)钯(0)(74.4mg,10mol%),接着加入DME(3.34mL)和H2O(1.1mL)。将小瓶适当封盖并且将混合物容器抽空并用氩气回填(过程重复3次),并在100℃下加热直至起始材料完全转化。通过HPLC监测反应转化率并且通常在16小时内完成。冷却至室温后,将反应混合物蒸发至干。粗物质通过EtOAc(30mL)和H2O(50mL)分配。水相用EtOAc(20mL)萃取两次。合并有机相,用盐水洗涤并干燥(Na2SO4)并蒸发。粗物质使用庚烷中0至40%的EtOAc梯度的快速色谱法,得到白色固体状标题化合物(193mg,0.5mmol,79%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm 7.84(d,1H,J=4.0Hz),7.81(d,2H,J=8.4Hz),7.21(d,1H,J=4.4Hz),6.96(d,2H,J=8.4Hz),5.18(m,1H),4.28-4.21(m,2H),2.95-2.90(m,2H),2.05-1.90(m,4H),1.44(s,9H)。13CNMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δppm 160.9,160.1,154.8,138.8,136.4,130.3,126,6,125.9,113.979.6,56.5,43.3,30.4,28.6。
步骤3:2-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)-4-(4-甲氧基苯基)-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮盐酸盐(化合物30)。
在0℃下向4-(5-(4-甲氧基苯基)-6-氧代哒嗪-1(6H)-基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(180mg,0.467mmol,1当量)于DCM(2mL)中的溶液中加入TFA(2.0mL),并且将所得混合物在室温下搅拌1h。将粗反应物在真空下浓缩,共沸去除TFA与庚烷。残余物用冰冷乙醚湿磨,去除上清液并且将蒸发后的粗物质直接溶解在MeOH(4mL)中。加入苯甲醛(74.3mg,70.8μL,1.5当量),接着加入NaBH3CN(61.8mg,0.9mmol,2当量)和AcOH(2.7μl)。将所得混合物在室温下搅拌16h。蒸发挥发物并且将粗物质溶于EtOAc(25mL)中。有机相用盐水洗涤,干燥并在真空下浓缩。残余物通过使用DCM:MeOH(98:2)作为洗脱剂的硅胶柱色谱法纯化,在利用2NHCl的Et2O溶液成盐后得到白色固体状2-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)-4-(4-甲氧基苯基)-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮盐酸盐(78mg,41%)。Tr(HPLC)=7.35min。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm 7.76(d,1H,J=4.2Hz),7.73(d,2H,J=9.0Hz),7.36(d,2H,J=6.4Hz),7.34(m,2H),7.14(d,1H,J=4.2Hz),7.24(t,2H,J=7.9Hz),7.19-7.15(m,1H),6.88(d,2H,J=9.2Hz),5.02-4.93(m,1H),3.83(s,3H),3.54(s,2H),3.04-3.02(m,2H),2.18(qd,J=11.5Hz,J=1.5Hz),2.12(qd,J=11.9Hz,J=3.6Hz),1.89-1.86(m,2H)。13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3,DEPT 135):δppm136.1,130.2,129.1,128.2,127.0,125.8,113.8,62.8,55.7,55.4,52.8,30.4。
LC/MS(M+H)=376。
*2-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)-4-[4-(三氟甲基)苯基]-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮盐酸盐(化合物31)。
使用与实施例A.7中所述相同的程序并从4-((5-氯-6-氧代哒嗪-1(6H)-基))哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(100mg,0.32mmol,1当量)和4-三氟甲基苯基硼酸(78.7mg,0.41mmol,1.3当量)起始,获得白色固体状4-{6-氧代-5-[4-(三氟甲基)苯基]-1,6-二氢哒嗪-1-基}哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(65mg,48%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm 8.05-7.98(m,3H),7.71(d,2H,J=8.0Hz),7.31(d,1H,J=4.0Hz),5.22-5.13(m,1H),4.30-4.26(m,2H),2.96-2.88(m,2H),2.02-1.90(m,4H),1.49(s,9H)。13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δppm 159.6,154.8,138.1,137.7,136.2,129.2,127.9,125.5,125.4,79.9,55.9,43.1,30.5,28.6。19F NMR(376MHz,CDCl3):δppm-62.84。
在利用TFA进行叔丁氧羰基基团的脱保护后,借助于苯甲醛(36.45mg,34.7μL,0.34mmol,1.5当量)、NaBH3CN(30.3mg,0.46mmol,2当量)和DIEA(4当量)对粗物质(74mg,0.229mmol,1当量)进行还原胺化,在成盐后得到白色固体状标题化合物(30mg,29%)。1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm 7.95 7.85(m,3H),7.69(d,2H,J=8.0Hz),7.40-7.26(m,6H),5.08-5.00(m,1H),3.57(s,2H),3.10-3.02(m,2H),2.28-3.02(m,4H),1.92-1.87(m,2H)。13CNMR-DEPT-135(101MHz,CDCl3):δppm 135.9,129.2,128.4,127.8,127.2,125.4,125.4,62.9,56.2,52.9,30.5。19F NMR(376MHz,CDCl3);δppm-62.86。
LC/MS(M+H)=414。
*2-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)-4-[4-(氯苯基]-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮盐酸盐(化合物32)。
使用与实施例A.6中所述相同的程序并从4-((5-氯-6-氧代哒嗪-1(6H)-基))哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(200mg,0.64mmol,1当量)和4-氯苯基硼酸(99.7mg,0.63mmol,1.0当量)起始,获得黄色固体状4-{6-氧代-5-[4-氯苯基]-1,6-二氢哒嗪-1-基}哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(195mg,78%)。1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm 7.87(d,1H,J=4.0Hz)7.76(d,2H,J=8.0Hz),7.42(d,2H,J=8.0Hz),7.26(d,1H,J=4.0Hz),5.22-5.13(m,1H),4.40-4.20(m,2H),2.98-2.91(m,2H),2.02-1.90(m,4H),1.49(s,9H)。
在利用TFA进行叔丁氧羰基基团的脱保护后,借助于苯甲醛(79.6mg,75.8μL,0.75mmol,1.5当量)和NaBH3CN(66.1mg,1mmol,2当量)对粗物质(150mg,0.229mmol,1当量)进行还原胺化,在利用2N HCl成盐后得到白色固体状标题化合物(32mg,15%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm 7.87(d,1H,J=4.0Hz),7.75(d,2H,J=8.0Hz),7.40(d,2H,J=8.0Hz),7.37-7.23(m,6H),5.05-4.99(m,1H),3.57(s,2H),3.05-3.00(m,2H),2.28-2.10(m,4H),1.90-1.88(m,2H)。13CNMR-DEPT-135(101MHz,CDCl3):δppm 159.8,138.7,137.9,136.0,135.6,132.7,130.2,129.2,128.7,128.3,127.1,127.0,62.9,56.1,52.9,30.5。
LC/MS(M+H)=380。
实施例A.8:2-[(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基]-4-(2-氯苯基)-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮盐酸盐(化合物33)。
步骤1:4-((5-氯-6-氧代哒嗪-1(6H)-基)甲基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯
反应在氩气氛下在无水条件下进行。向4-氯-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮(110mg,0.84mmol,1当量)于无水DMF(8.42mL)中的冰冷溶液中逐份加入氢化钠(67.41mg,1.68mmol,2当量)并且将混合物在0℃下搅拌30min。然后逐份加入4-(((甲基磺酰基)氧基)甲基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(296.7mg,1.01mmol,1.2当量)并且将混合物在110℃下加热过夜(HPLC监测:完全转化)。混合物用H2O(150mL)淬灭并用EtOAc(3×40mL)萃取。合并的有机层用盐水(2×50mL)洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并蒸发至干。所得残余物通过使用庚烷中10%至50%的EtOAc梯度的硅胶快速色谱法纯化,得到白色固体状标题化合物3(164mg,0.50mmol,60%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm 7.66(d,1H,J=4.4Hz),7.35(d,1H,J=4.4Hz),4.11-4.08(m,4H),2.66(t,2H,J=12.4Hz),2.16-2.11(m,1H),1.59(d,1H,J=12.4Hz),1.44(s,9H),1.29-1.19(m,2H)。13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δppm 157.9,154.7,137.2,134.8,129.0,79.4,58.1,43.4,35.3,29.6,28.4。纯度(100%),tR(HPLC):3.71min。
步骤2:4-{[5-(2-氯苯基)-6-氧代-1,6-二氢哒嗪-1-基]甲基}哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯
向微波小瓶(烘干并在氩气下)中装入2-氯苯基硼酸(78.7mg,0.50mmol,1.1当量)、4-[(5-氯-6-氧代-1,6-二氢哒嗪-1-基)甲基]哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(150mg,0.46mmol,1.0当量)、碳酸钠(145.5mg,1.37mmol,3当量)。然后加入四(三苯基膦)钯(0)(26.4mg,5mol%.),接着加入甲苯(1.74mL)和H2O(0.35mL)和EtOH(0.35mL)。将小瓶适当封盖并且将混合物容器抽空并用氩气回填(过程重复3次)并在120℃下加热直至起始材料完全转化。通过HPLC监测反应转化率并且通常在17小时内完成。冷却至室温后,将反应混合物蒸发至干。粗物质通过EtOAc(30mL)和H2O(50mL)分配。水相用EtOAc(20mL)萃取两次。合并有机相,用盐水洗涤并干燥(Na2SO4)并蒸发。粗物质使用庚烷中0至40%的EtOAc的梯度进行快速色谱法,得到黄色油状标题化合物(138mg,0.34mmol,75%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm 7.83(d,1H,J=4.0Hz),7.48(d,1H,J=7.6Hz),7.99-7.26(m,3H),7.23(d,1H,J=4.0Hz),4.20-4.00(m,4H),2.69(m,2H),2.20-2.16(m,1H),1.66-1.60(m,2H),1.4
5(s,9H),1.32-1.20(m,2H)。13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δppm160.1,154.8,139.3,135.5,133.1,133.0,130.9,130.2,129.9,126.7,79.37,60.4,57.6,35.5,29.7,28.4。
步骤3:2-[(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基]-4-(2-氯苯基)-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮盐酸盐(化合物33)。
在0℃下向4-{[5-(2-氯苯基)-6-氧代-1,6-二氢哒嗪-1-基]甲基}哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(123mg,0.30mmol,1当量)于DCM(0.8mL)中的溶液中加入TFA(0.8mL),并且将所得混合物在室温下搅拌1h。将粗反应物溶解在水中并加入氢氧化铵直至pH=10。残余物用EtOAc萃取(两次)并经Na2SO4干燥。蒸发后,将粗物质直接溶解在MeOH(4mL)中。加入苯甲醛(36.5mg,34.7μL,1.2当量),接着加入NaBH3CN(35.9mg,0.57mmol,2当量)。将所得混合物在室温下搅拌19h。蒸发挥发物并且将粗物质溶于EtOAc(25mL)中。有机相用盐水洗涤,干燥并在真空下浓缩。残余物通过使用DCM:MeOH(98:2)作为洗脱剂的硅胶柱色谱法纯化,在利用2N HCl的Et2O溶液成盐后得到白色固体状22-[(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基]-4-(2-氯苯基)-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮盐酸盐(62.1mg,50%)。Tr(HPLC)=7.30min。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm 7.79(d,1H,J=4.0Hz),7.50-7.17(m,10H),4.10(d,2H,J=7.2Hz),3.46(s,2H),2.84(t,2H,J=11.8Hz),2.05-1.90(m,3H),1.65-1.60(m,2H),1.47-1.35(m,2H)。13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δppm 159.6,139.2,138.4,135.3,133.2,133.0,131.0,130.3,130.1 129.9,129.1,128.1,126.9,126.7,63.3,57.8,53.2,35.3,29.8。
LC/MS(M+H)=394。
*2-[(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基]-4-(4-羟基苯基)-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮盐酸盐(化合物34)
使用与实施例A.8中所述相同的程序并从4-[(5-氯-6-氧代-1,6-二氢哒嗪-1-基)甲基]哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(150mg,0.46mmol,1当量)和4-羟基苯基硼酸(88.36mg,1.4当量)起始,获得77%产率(135mg)的4-{[5-(4-羟基苯基)-6-氧代-1,6-二氢哒嗪-1-基]甲基}哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm 7.81(d,1H,J=4.0Hz),7.67(d,2H,J=8.8Hz),7.45-7.30(bs,1H),7.25(d,1H,J=4.0Hz),6.86(d,2H,J=8.8Hz),4.15(d,1H,J=7.2Hz),4.13-4.07(m,3H),2.70(t,2H,J=12.8Hz),2.26-2.15(m,1H),1.65(d,2H,J=12.8Hz)。1.46(s,9H),1.37-1.23(m,2H)。13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δppm 160.7,157.9,154.9,139.7,136.6,130.3,126.3,125.4,115.7,79.7,57.7,43.6,35.4,29.7,28.5。
在利用TFA进行叔丁氧羰基基团的脱保护后,借助于苯甲醛(55.8mg,53.1μL,0.52mmol,1.5当量)、NaBH3CN(44.1mg,0.7mmol,2当量)和DIEA(181.2mg,1.40mmol,4当量)对粗三氟乙酸盐(140mg,0.35mmol,1当量)进行还原胺化,在利用2N HCl成盐后得到54%产率(71mg)的标题化合物。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm 7.74(d,1H,J=4.0Hz),7.60(d,2H,J=8.8Hz),7.28-7.22(m,5H),7.16(d,1H,J=4.0Hz),6.74(d,2H,J=8.8Hz),4.11(d,2H,J=6.8Hz),3.51(s,2H),2.90(dt,J=12.0Hz,J=5.2Hz),2.01(td,3H,J=11.6Hz,J=2.0Hz),1.68-1.59(m,2H),1.50(qd,2H,J=12.0Hz,J=4.0Hz).)。13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δppm 160.7,157.9,139.5,137.2,136.4,130.3,129.5,128.2,127.3,126.2,125.4,115.7,16.1,57.7,53.1,35.1,29.4。
LC/MS(M+H)=376。
实施例A.9:2-((1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-(4-氟苯基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐(化合物35)。
步骤1:4-((5-氯-6-氧代哒嗪-1(6H)-基)甲基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯
反应在氩气氛下在无水条件下进行。向4-氯-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮(110mg,0.84mmol,1.0当量)于无水DMF(8.42mL)中的冰冷溶液中逐份加入氢化钠(67.41mg,1.68mmol,2.0当量)并且将混合物在0℃下搅拌30min。然后逐份加入4-[(甲基磺酰基)氧基)甲基]哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(296.7mg,1.01mmol,1.2当量)并且将混合物在110℃下加热过夜(HPLC监测:完全转化)。混合物用H2O(150mL)淬灭并用EtOAc(3×40mL)萃取。合并的有机层用盐水(2×50mL)洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并蒸发至干。所得残余物通过使用庚烷中10%至50%的EtOAc梯度的硅胶快速色谱法纯化,得到白色固体状标题化合物(164mg,0.50mmol,60%)。1H NMR(400MHZ,CDCl3):δppm 7.66(d,1H,J=4.4Hz),7.35(d,1H,J=4.4Hz),4.11-4.08(m,4H),2.66(t,2H,J=12.4Hz),2.16-2.11(m,1H),1.59(d,1H J=12.4Hz),1.44(s,9H),1.29-1.19(m,2H);13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δppm 157.9,154.7,137.2,134.8,129.0,79.4,58.1,43.4,35.3,29.6,28.4。纯度(100%),tr(HPLC):3.71min。
步骤2:2-((1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-氯哒嗪-3(2H)-酮
在0℃下向4-((5-氯-6-氧代哒嗪-1(6H)-基)甲基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(1g,3.05mmol,1当量)于DCM(15mL)中的溶液中加入TFA(4.7mL),并且将所得混合物在室温下搅拌1.30h。将粗反应物在真空下浓缩,共沸去除TFA与庚烷。残余物用冰冷乙醚湿磨,去除上清液并且将蒸发后的粗物质直接溶解在MeOH(4mL)中。加入苯甲醛(388mg,370μL,1.2当量),接着加入NaBH3CN(61.8mg,0.9mmol,2当量)和DIEA(2.0mL,4当量)。将所得混合物在室温下搅拌16h。蒸发挥发物并且将粗物质溶于EtOAc(25mL)中。有机相用盐水洗涤,干燥并在真空下浓缩。残余物通过使用EtOAc中5%至7%的MeOH(98:2)梯度的硅胶柱色谱法纯化,得到黄色胶状2-((1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-氯哒嗪-3(2H)-酮(516mg,53%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm 7.64(d,1H,J=4.4Hz),7.33(d,1H,J=4.4Hz),7.30-7.22(m,5H),4.10(d,2H),3.5(s,2H),2.90-2.87(m,2H),2.00-1.95(m,3H),1.64-1.56(m,2H),1.49-1.37(m,2H)。13C NMR(101MHZ,CDCl3):δppm 157.9,138.0,137,1,134.7,129.2,129.0,128.2,127.1,63.2,60.4,58.3,53.1,35.0,29.6。
步骤3:2-((1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-(4-氟苯基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐(化合物35)。
向微波小瓶(烘干并在氩气下)中装入4-氟苯基硼酸(48.4mg,0.32mmol,1.1当量)、2-((1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-氯哒嗪-3(2H)-酮(100mg,0.31mmol,1.0当量)、碳酸钠(100mg,0.94mmol,3当量)。然后加入四(三苯基膦)钯(0)(18.2mg,5mol%.),接着加入甲苯(1.0mL)、EtOH(0.2mL)和H2O(0.2mL)。将小瓶适当封盖并且将混合物容器抽空并用氩气回填(过程重复3次)并在120℃下加热直至起始材料完全转化。通过HPLC监测反应转化率并且通常在16小时内完成。冷却至室温后,将反应混合物蒸发至干。粗物质通过EtOAc(30mL)和H2O(50mL)分配。水相用EtOAc(20mL)萃取两次。合并有机相,用盐水洗涤并且干燥(Na2SO4)并蒸发。粗物质通过使用DCM:MeOH(98:2)作为洗脱剂的快速色谱法纯化,在利用2NHCl的Et2O溶液成盐后得到橙色胶状标题化合物(23.9mg,18%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm 7.80-7.73(m,2H),7.30-7.25(m,4H),7.23-7.17(m,3H),7.09(t,2H,J=8.6Hz),4.11(d,2H,J=7.2Hz),3.48(s,2H),2.85(d,2H,J=11.5Hz),1.97-1.89(m,2H),1.61(d,2H,J=12.7Hz),1.42(dq,2H,J=11.8Hz,J=5.5Hz)。13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δppm 164.8,160.3,138.7,136.6,136.0,130.9,130.8,129.3,128.3,127.2,127.0,115.7,115.4,63.4,58.5,53.3,35.3,30.0。
LC/MS(M+H)=378
在一种替代方法中,可以从具有一般结构E的标题中间体起始进行Sonogashira交叉偶联反应(参见方案4)。使用Pd/C作为催化剂将具有一般结构F(其中R7是芳基基团,例如苯基)的所得炔烃衍生物氢化。对所得哌啶衍生物进行叔丁氧羰基基团的脱保护,接着烷基化或还原胺化,得到本发明的实施例。借助于烷基硼酸进行Suzuki-Miyaura交叉偶联反应可以是在哒嗪酮部分的4位或5位中引入烷基或芳烷基基团的一种替代方法。使用的一般条件描绘于方案4中。
方案4
X=Cl、Br、I
条件:a)Pd(PPh3)2Cl2,CuI,Et3N,MeCN,80℃,24h;b)H2,Pd/C,MeOH,18h;c)TFA,DCM,45min,25℃;d)R3CHO,DIEA,NaBH3CN,MeOH,25℃,18h e)R3-CH2Br,K2CO3,DMF或MeCN,80℃,18h。f)R7-(CH2)2B(OH)2(1.5当量)、K2CO3(3当量)、Pd(PPh3)4(5mol%),1,4-二烷,100℃,16h。
实施例A.10:2-((1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-苯乙基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮(化合物36)。
步骤1:4-((6-氧代-5-(苯基乙炔基)哒嗪-1(6H)-基)甲基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯
向微波小瓶(烘干并在氩气下)中装入乙炔基苯(40.5mg,43μL,0.40mmol,1.3当量)、4-((5-氯-6-氧代哒嗪-1(6H)-基)甲基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(100mg,0.30mmol,1.0当量)、Et3N(277.8mg,2.75mmol,9当量)。然后加入双(三苯基膦)氯化钯(II)(6.42mg,3mol%.)和CuI(2.9mg,5mol%),接着加入MeCN(1.5mL)。将小瓶适当封盖并且将混合物容器抽空并用氩气回填(过程重复3次)并在80℃下加热直至起始材料完全转化。通过HPLC监测反应转化率并且通常在24小时内完成。冷却至室温后,将反应混合物蒸发至干。粗物质通过EtOAc(30mL)和H2O(50mL)分配。水相用EtOAc(20mL)萃取两次。合并有机相,用盐水洗涤并且干燥(Na2SO4)并蒸发。粗物质通过使用庚烷中20%至50%的EtOAc梯度的快速色谱法纯化,得到浅棕色胶状标题化合物(85mg,71%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm 7.73(d,1H,J=4.0Hz),7.60-7.56(m,2H),7.40-7.32(m,4H),4.17-3.92(m,4H),2.75-2.60(m,2H),2.19-2.14(m,1H),1.66-1.54(m,2H),1.30-1.19(m,2H)。13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δppm 159.7,154.9,135.6,132.3,132.0,129.7,128.5,125.7,125.6,122.0,100.8,83.3,79.5,58.1,57.940.3,35.4,29.7,28.6
步骤2:4-((6-氧代-5-苯乙基哒嗪-1(6H)-基)甲基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯
将Pd/C 10%(4.75mg,0.05当量)和MeOH(1.5mL)放入配备有磁力搅拌器的反应器(2mL容量)中。加入4-((6-氧代-5-(苯基乙炔基)哒嗪-1(6H)-基)甲基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(85mg,0.22mmol,1当量),并且微反应器通过在大气压下首先用氩气吹拂并且然后用氢气吹拂四次来吹扫。所得混合物在室温下磁力搅拌过夜。通过经硅藻土过滤从溶液中除去催化剂颗粒,将挥发物蒸发,得到淡黄色胶状标题化合物(83mg,97%)。粗产物未经纯化即直接使用。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm7.60(d,1H,4Hz),7.31-7.22(m,2H),7.21-7.16(m,3H),6.86(d,1H,4Hz),4.19-4.00(m,4H),2.95-2.90(m,4H),2.76-2.62(m,1H),1.65-1.57(m,2H),1.34-1.24(m,2H)。13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δppm 161.5,154.9,143.1,140.8,135.6,128.6,128.5,127.8,126.3,79.5,57.2,35.5,33.5,32.2,29.8,28.6。
步骤3:2-((1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-苯乙基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐(化合物36)。
在0℃下向4-((6-氧代基-5-苯乙基哒嗪-1(6H)-基)甲基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(83mg,0.21mmol,1当量)于DCM(1mL)中的溶液中加入TFA(0.32mL),并且将所得混合物在室温下搅拌1h。将粗反应物在真空下浓缩,共沸去除TFA与庚烷。残余物用冰冷乙醚湿磨,去除上清液并且将蒸发后的粗物质直接溶解在MeOH(1mL)中。加入苯甲醛(26.6mg,25μL,1.2当量),接着加入NaBH3CN(26.2mg,0.42mmol,2当量)和DIEA(145μL,4当量)。将所得混合物在室温下搅拌16h。蒸发挥发物并且将粗物质溶于EtOAc(25mL)中。有机相用盐水洗涤,干燥并在真空下浓缩。残余物通过使用EtOAc中0%至2%的MeOH梯度的硅胶柱色谱法纯化,在成盐后得到无色泡沫状2-((1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-苯乙基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮(36.5mg,41%)。Tr(HPLC)=8.11min;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm 7.59(d,1H,J=4.0Hz),7.32-7.21(m,7H),7.20-7.14(m,3H),6.85(d,1H,J=4.0Hz),4.08(d,2H,J=7.2Hz),3.51,(s,2H),2.93-2.87(m,6H),2.05-1.91(m,3H),1.59-1.46(m,2H),1.48-1.44(m,2H).)。13C NMR(101MHZ,CDCl3):δppm 161.5,143.0,140.9,138.3,135.7,129.3,128.6,128.5,128.3,127.8,127.1,126.3,63.4,57.4,53.3,35.3,33.5,32.3,29.9。
LC/MS(M+H)=388。
实施例A.11:2-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)-4-(2-苯基乙基)-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮盐酸盐(化合物37)。
步骤1:4-[6-氧代-5-(2-苯基乙基)-1,6-二氢哒嗪-1-基]哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯
向微波小瓶(烘干并在氩气下)中装入4-(5-氯-6-氧代-1,6-二氢哒嗪-1-基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(200mg,0.64mmol,1.0当量)、(2-苯基乙基)硼酸(143.4mg,0.96mmol,1.5当量)、K2CO3(264.3mg,1.91mmol,3当量)。加入四(三苯基膦)钯(37.2mg,5mol%),接着加入二烷(2.2mL)。将小瓶适当封盖,并且将混合物容器抽空并用氩气回填(过程重复3次)并在100℃下加热直至起始材料完全转化。通过HPLC监测反应转化率并且通常在16小时内完成。冷却至室温后,将反应混合物蒸发至干。粗物质通过EtOAc(30mL)和H2O(50mL)分配。水相用EtOAc(20mL)萃取两次。合并有机相,用盐水洗涤并且干燥(Na2SO4)并蒸发。粗物质使用庚烷中0%至100%EtOAc的梯度进行快速色谱法,得到无色油状标题化合物(66mg,27%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm 7.67(d,1H,J=4.0Hz),7.32-7.25(m,2H),7.22-7.17(m,3H),6.88(d,1H,J=4.0Hz),5.16-5.05(m,1H),4.38-4.15(m,2H),2.97-2.88(m,6H),1.96-1.84(m,4H),1.82(s,9H)。13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δppm 161.0,154.8,142.6,141.0,136.0,128.6,127.4,126.3,79.8,55.1,33.5,32.4,30.4,28.6。
步骤2:2-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)-4-(2-苯基乙基)-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮盐酸盐(化合物37)。
在0℃下向4-[6-氧代-5-(2-苯基乙基)-1,6-二氢哒嗪-1-基]哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(88mg,0.23mmol,1当量)于DCM(1mL)中的溶液中加入TFA(0.32mL),并且将所得混合物在室温下搅拌1h。将粗反应物在真空下浓缩,共沸去除TFA与庚烷。残余物用冰冷乙醚湿磨,去除上清液并且将蒸发后的粗物质直接溶解在MeOH(1mL)中。加入苯甲醛(36.6mg,35μL,1.5当量),接着加入NaBH3CN(30.4mg,0.46mmol,2当量)和AcOH(1-2滴)。将所得混合物在室温下搅拌16h。蒸发挥发物并且将粗物质溶于EtOAc(25mL)中。有机相用盐水洗涤,干燥并在真空下浓缩。残余物通过使用DCM中0%至5%的iPrOH梯度的快速色谱法纯化,在利用HCl 2N的MeOH溶液成盐后得到白色固体状标题化合物(52mg,55%)。Tr(HPLC)=8.03min。1H NMR(游离碱,400MHz,CDCl3):δppm 7.67(d,1H,J=4.0Hz),7.36-7.19(m,10H),6.86(d,1H,J=4.0Hz),5.02-4.95(m,1H),3.55(s,2H),3.03-3.00(d,2H,J=12.0Hz),2.96-2.86(m,4H),2.18-2.10(m,4H),2.05-1.83(m,2H)。13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δppm 161.1,142.4,141.1,138.8,135.8,129.1,128.6,128.3,127.3,127.1,126.3,63.0,55.5,53.0,33.5,32.4,30.6。
LC/MS(M+H)=388
在替代方法中,可以从前面描述的中间体E或F起始,借助于Pd2(dba)3和RuPhos进行Buchwald-Hartwig交叉偶联反应。如方案5中概述的两种路线提供本发明的实施例。
方案5
其中-NR8R9形成如上定义的含氮杂环。
条件:a)三((1E,4E)-1,5-二苯基戊-1,4-二烯-3-酮)二钯(5mol%),RuPhos(20mol%),Cs2CO3,二烷,100°-120℃,16h;b)TFA,DCM,45min,25℃;c)R3CHO,DIEA,NaBH3CN,MeOH,25℃,18h。
实施例A.12:2-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)-4-(哌啶-1-基)-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮盐酸盐(化合物38)。
向微波小瓶(烘干并在氩气下)中装入2-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)-4-氯-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮(50mg,0.16mmol,1.0当量)、哌啶(28.0mg,0.33mmol,2.0当量)、Cs2CO3(135.4mg,0.41mmol,2.5当量)。然后加入三((1E,4E)-1,5-二苯基戊-1,4-二烯-3-酮)二钯(7.7mg,5mol%.)和RuPhos(15.3mg,20mol%),接着加入二烷(1.5mL)。将小瓶适当封盖并且将混合物容器抽空并用氩气回填(过程重复3次)并在100℃下加热直至起始材料完全转化。通过HPLC监测反应转化率并且通常在16小时内完成。冷却至室温后,将反应混合物蒸发至干。粗物质通过EtOAc(30mL)和H2O(50mL)分配。水相用EtOAc(20mL)萃取两次。合并有机相,用盐水洗涤并且干燥(Na2SO4)并蒸发。粗物质通过使用EtOAc中1%至5%MeOH梯度的快速色谱法纯化,在利用2M HCl的Et2O溶液成盐后得到浅黄色固体状标题化合物(44mg,69%)。Tr(HPLC)=7.38min。1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δppm 7.69(d,1H,J=4.8Hz),7.32-7.24(m,5H),6.41(d,1H,J=4.8Hz)。4.80-4.7(m,1H),3.49(s,2H),3.37-3.28(m,4H),2.95-2.88(m,2H),2.15-1.99(m,2H),1.90-1.88(m,2H),1.69-1.62(m,2H),1.58-1.49(m,6H)。13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6):δppm 158.0,148.2,139.0,137.1,129.1,128.3,127.0,107.8,63.0,60.5,55.5,53.1,49.2,30.4,25.6,24.6,21.2。
LC/MS(M+H)=353。
*2-[(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基]-4-(哌啶-1-基)-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮盐酸盐(化合物39)。
使用与实施例A.12中所述相同的程序并从2-((1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-氯哒嗪-3(2H)-酮(60mg,0.16mmol,1当量)和哌啶(27.2mg,0.32mmol,2当量)起始,在通过使用EtOAc中1%至5%MeOH梯度的快速色谱法纯化和成盐后获得白色固体状标题化合物(38%)。Tr(HPLC)=7.41min。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm 7.50(d,1H,J=4.4Hz),7.25-7.15(m,5H),6.18(d,1H,J=4.4Hz),3.98(d,1H,J=7.2Hz),3.43(s,2H),3.35-3.32(m,4H),2.81(d,2H,J=12.0Hz),2.02-1.2.03-1.85(m,4H),1.70-1.52(m,4H),1.45-1.38(m,4H),1.38-1.34(m,2H)。13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δppm 158.1,148.5,138.6,136.8,129.1,128.1,126.8,107.7,63.3,57.6,53.3,49.1,35.1,30.0,25.5,24.4。LC/MS(M+H)=367。
实施例A.13:2-((1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-吗啉基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐(化合物40)。
步骤1:4-((5-吗啉基-6-氧代哒嗪-1(6H)-基)甲基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯
向微波小瓶(烘干并在氩气下)中装入4-((5-氯-6-氧代哒嗪-1(6H)-基)甲基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(100mg,0.30mmol,1.0当量)、吗啉(53.1mg,0.61mmol,53μl,2.0当量)、Cs2CO3(298.2mg,0.91mmol,3.0当量)。然后加入三((1E,4E)-1,5-二苯基戊-1,4-二烯-3-酮)二钯(14.0mg,5mol%.)和RuPhos(28.5mg,20mol%),接着加入二烷(1.5mL)。将小瓶适当封盖并且将混合物容器抽空并用氩气回填(过程重复3次)并在120℃下加热直至起始材料完全转化。通过HPLC监测反应转化率并且通常在16小时内完成。冷却至室温后,将反应混合物蒸发至干。粗物质通过EtOAc(30mL)和H2O(50mL)分配。水相用EtOAc(20mL)萃取两次。合并有机相,用盐水洗涤并且干燥(Na2SO4)并蒸发。粗物质通过使用DCM/MeOH 98/2作为洗脱剂的快速色谱法纯化,得到黄色胶状标题化合物(86.9mg,75%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm 7.59(d,1H,J=4.8Hz),6.24(d,1H,J=4.8Hz),4.14-3.96(m,4H),3.87-3.82(m,4H),3.44-3.37(m,4H),2.73-2.59(m,2H),2.19-2.07(m,1H),1.60-1.54(m,2H),1.44(s,9H),1.31-1.18(m,2H)。13C NMR(101MHz,DMSO-d6):δppm 158.0,154.9,147.9,136.9,108.2,79.4,66.5,57.3,53.6,48.2,35.5,29.8,28.6。
步骤2:2-((1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-吗啉基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐(化合物40)。
在0℃下向4-((5-吗啉基-6-氧代哒嗪-1(6H)-基)甲基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(86mg,0.21mmol,1当量)于DCM(1.5mL)中的溶液中加入TFA(0.35mL),并且将所得混合物在室温下搅拌1h。将粗反应物在真空下浓缩,共沸去除TFA与庚烷。残余物用冰冷乙醚湿磨,去除上清液并且将蒸发后的粗物质直接溶解在MeOH(4mL)中。加入苯甲醛(36.3mg,34.5μL,1.5当量),接着加入NaBH3CN(28.6mg,0.46mmol,2当量)和DIEA(117.8mg,158μl,4当量)。将所得混合物在室温下搅拌48h。蒸发挥发物并且将粗物质溶于EtOAc(25mL)中。有机相用盐水洗涤,干燥并在真空下浓缩。残余物通过使用EtOAc/MeOH(97:3)作为洗脱剂的硅胶柱色谱法纯化,在利用2N HCl的Et2O溶液成盐后得到淡黄色固体状2-((1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-吗啉基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐(63.8mg,63%)。Tr(HPLC,短柱)=2.42min。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm 7.58(d,1H,J=5.2Hz),7.33-7.21(m,5H),6.23(d,1H,J=2.0Hz),4.03(d,2H,J=7.2Hz),3.89-3.81(m,4H),3.52(s,2H),3.44-3.37(m,4H),2.93-2.85(m,2H),2.05-1.95(m,3H),1.67-1.57(m,2H),1.52-1.38(m,2H)。13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δppm157.9,147.8,137.8,136.8,129.4,128.3,127,3 108.2,66.5,63.2,57.5,53.2,48.2,35.1,29.8;LC/MS(M+H)=369。
*2-((1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-(4-苯基哌嗪-1-基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐(化合物41)
步骤1:4-((6-氧代-5-(4-苯基哌嗪-1-基)哒嗪-1(6H)-基)甲基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯
使用与实施例A.13中所述相同的程序并从4-((5-氯-6-氧代哒嗪-1(6H)-基)甲基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(100mg,0.30mmol,1当量)和1-苯基哌嗪(99.0mg,93μl,0.6mmol,1.5当量)起始,获得黄色胶状标题化合物(78.6mg,57%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm7.61(d,1H,J=4.0Hz),7.29(t,J=2H,J=6.4Hz),6.96(d,1H,J=6.4Hz),6.90(t,1H,J=6.0Hz),6.31(d,1H,J=4.0Hz),4.10-4.04(m,2H),3.62-3.58(m,4H),3.56-3.32(m,4H),2.72-2-61(m,2H),2.19-2.13(m,1H),1.62-1.58(m,2H),1.44(s,9H),1.32-1.21(m,3H)。13CNMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δppm158.0,154.9,151.1,147.9,137.0,129.3,120.5,116.6,108.5,79.4,57.4,53.6,49.1,47.8,35.5,29.8,28.6
步骤2:2-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)-4-(4-苯基哌嗪-1-基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐(化合物41)。
从4-((6-氧代-5-(4-苯基哌嗪-1-基)哒嗪-1(6H)-基)甲基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(87mg,0.17mmol,1当量)起始,如实施例A.13中所述依序进行Boc脱保护,接着使用苯甲醛(27.48mg,26.2μl,0.25mmol,1.5当量)进行还原胺化,在利用HCl 2N成盐后产生白色固体状标题产物(68mg,71%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm 7.0(d,1H,J=4.8Hz),7.32-7.24(m,7H),6.96(d,2H,J=8.0Hz)。6.90(t,1H,J=8.0Hz),6.30(d,1H,J=4.8Hz),4.06(d,2H,J=7.2Hz),3.61-3.58(m,4H),3.53(s,2H),3.35-3.57(m,4H),2.93-2.88(m,2H),2.04-1.97(m,3H),1.66-1.63(m,2H),1.51-1.40(m,2H)。13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δppm 158.0,151.2,147.8,137.8,136.8,129.4,129.3,128.3,127.3,120.4,116.5,108.5,63.2,57.6,53.2,49.1,47.8,35.1,29.8。LC/MS(M+H)=444。
*2-((1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-(3,4-二氢异喹啉-2(1H)-基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐 酸盐(化合物42)。
步骤1:4-((5-(3,4-二氢异喹啉-2(1H)-基)-6-氧代哒嗪-1(6H)-基)甲基)-哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯
使用与实施例A.13中所述相同的程序并从4-((5-氯-6-氧代哒嗪-1(6H)-基)甲基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(100mg,0.30mmol,1当量)和1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉(81.2mg,76.6μl,0.6mmol,1.5当量)起始,获得黄色胶状标题化合物(97mg,75%)。1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δppm7.57(d,1H,J=5.0Hz),7.20-7.11(m,4H),6.27(d,1H,J=5.0Hz),4.59(s,2H),4.10-4.03((m,4H),3.90(t,2H,J=6.0Hz),3.01(t,2H,J=6.0Hz),2.71-2.61(m,2H),2.18-2.13(m,1H),1.65-1.57(m,2H),1.43(s,9H),1.40-1.21(m,2H)。13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δppm158.0,154.9,146.9,137.3,134.7,133.3,128.9,126.8,126.5,126.3,106.5,79.4,57.4,50.4,45.7,35.5,29.8,29.7,28.8。
步骤2 2-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)-4-(4-苯基哌嗪-1-基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐(化合物42)。
从4-((5-(3,4-二氢异喹啉-2(1H)-基)-6-氧代哒嗪-1(6H)-基)甲基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(97mg,0.23mmol,1当量)起始,如实施例A.13中所述依序进行Boc脱保护,接着使用苯甲醛(34.0mg,32.4μl,0.32mmol,1.5当量)进行还原胺化,在利用HCl 2N成盐后产生黄色固体状标题产物(69mg,66%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm 7.56(d,1H,J=5.2Hz),7.32-7.10(m,9H),6.25(d,1H,J=5.2Hz),4.58(s,2H),4.05(d,2H,J=6.8Hz),3.90(t,2H,J=6.0Hz),3.52(s,2H),3.00(t,2H,J=6.0Hz),2.92-2.86(m,2H),2.89(dt,2H,J=8.0Hz,J=3.2Hz),2.04-1.96(m,2H),1.68-1.60(m,2H),1.45(dq,2H,J=12.0Hz,J=4.0Hz)。13CNMR(125MHz,CDCl3):δppm 158.0,147.0,137.1,134.7,133.4,129.3,128.9,128.3,127.2,126.8,126.5,126.3,106.6,63.3,57.6,53.3,50.4,45.7,35.1,29.9,28.9。LC/MS(M+H)=415。
衍生自吡咯酮和嘧啶酮的一般方法和实施例
或者,以下列方案6中描绘的类似4步顺序,哒嗪酮环可以被具有一般结构H的吡啶酮或嘧啶酮代替。
方案6:
条件:a)n=0,K2CO3,2-丁酮,85℃,24h;b)NaH,DMF,110℃,18h;c)K2CO3,Pd(PPh3)4,Ar-PhB(OH)2,甲苯,EtOH,H2O,120℃,16h;d)TFA,DCM,25℃,45min;e)NaBH3CN;DIEA,MeOH,25℃,18h或R3-CH2Br,K2CO3,DMF或MeCN,80℃,18h。
实施例A.14:3-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)-5-苯基嘧啶-4(3H)-酮盐酸盐(化合物43)。
步骤1:4-(6-氧代-5-苯基嘧啶-1(6H)-基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯
向微波小瓶(烘干并在氩气下)中装入5-溴嘧啶-4-醇氢溴酸盐(345mg,1.35mmol,1.0当量)、4-(甲磺酰基氧基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(564.9mg,2.02mmol,1.5当量)和K2CO3(462.5mg,3.36mmol,2.5当量)。加入2-丁酮(12.3mL)并且将混合物在110℃下加热24h(HPLC监测:完全转化)。混合物用H2O(150mL)淬灭并用EtOAc(3×40mL)萃取。合并的有机层用盐水(2×50mL)洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤并蒸发至干。所得残余物通过使用庚烷中0%至50%的EtOAc梯度的硅胶快速色谱法纯化,得到黄色油状4-(6-氧代-5-苯基-1,6-二氢嘧啶-1-基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(191mg,纯度~70%)。所述化合物未经进一步纯化即使用。
向微波小瓶(烘干并在氩气下)中装入4-(6-氧代-5-苯基-1,6-二氢嘧啶-1-基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(191mg,0.53mmol,1.0当量)、苯基硼酸(102.6mg,0.80mmol,1.5当量)、Na2CO3(113mg,1.06mmol,2.0当量)。然后加入四(三苯基膦)钯(62.3mg,5mol%,0.1当量),接着加入DME(2.8mL)和水(0.85mL)。将小瓶适当封盖并且将混合物容器抽空并用氩气回填(过程重复3次)并在100℃下加热直至起始材料完全转化。通过HPLC监测反应转化率并且通常在16小时内完成。冷却至室温后,将反应混合物蒸发至干。粗物质通过EtOAc(30mL)和H2O(50mL)分配。水相用EtOAc(20mL)萃取两次。合并有机相,用盐水洗涤并且干燥(Na2SO4)并蒸发。粗物质通过使用庚烷中0%至40%的EtOAc梯度的快速色谱法纯化,得到4-(6-氧代-5-苯基嘧啶-1(6H)-基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(108mg,纯度86%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm8.72(s,1H),8.51(s,1H),7.60-7.50(m,2H),7.46-7.42(m,3H),5.49-5.44(m,1H),3.60-3.52(m,2H),3.44-3.39(m,2H),2.00-1.95(m,2H),1.86-1.82(m,2H),1.46(s,9H)。
步骤2:3-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)-5-苯基嘧啶-4(3H)-酮盐酸盐(化合物43)
在0℃下向4-(6-氧代-5-苯基嘧啶-1(6H)-基)哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(108mg,0.30mmol,1当量)于DCM(1.3mL)中的溶液中加入TFA(1.3mL),并且将所得混合物在室温下搅拌1h。将粗反应物在真空下浓缩,共沸去除TFA与庚烷。残余物用冰冷乙醚湿磨,去除上清液并且将蒸发后的粗物质直接溶解在MeOH(2.6mL)中。加入苯甲醛(48.4mg,46.1μL,1.5当量),接着加入NaBH3CN(40.22mg,0.6mmol,2当量)和AcOH(1.7μl)。将所得混合物在室温下搅拌16h。蒸发挥发物并且将粗物质溶于EtOAc(25mL)中。有机相用盐水洗涤,干燥并在真空下浓缩。残余物通过使用DCM/iPrOH(92/8)作为洗脱剂的硅胶柱色谱法纯化,在利用2N HCl的Et2O溶液成盐后得到白色固体状3-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)-5-苯基嘧啶-4(3H)-酮盐酸盐(41mg,35%)。Mp 144℃,Tr(HPLC)=7.14min。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3,游离碱):δppm 8.72(s,1H),8.50(s,1H),7.60-7.55(m,2H),7.48-7.40(m,3H),7.35-7.26(m,5H),5.36-5.32(m,1H),3.54(s,2H),2.75-2.60(m,2H),2.45—2.30(m,2H),2.10-2.04(m,2H),1.95-1.85(m,2H)。13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δppm 165.3,157,0,156.3,138.3,133.2,129.2,129.1,128.5,128.3,127.2,122.5,72.1,63.1,50.5,30.7。
LC/MS(M+H)=346。
*1-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)-3-苯基-1,2-二氢吡啶-2-酮盐酸盐(化合物44)
在实施例A.14中所述的相同程序下并从3-溴吡啶-2-醇(300mg,1.27mmol,1当量)起始,在利用2N HCL成盐后获得白色固体状标题化合物(45mg,11%总产率)。Mp=152℃,Tr(HPLC)=7.21min 1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3,游离碱):δppm 7.67(d,2H,J=7.6Hz),7.46-7.26(m,10H),6.31(t,1H,J=6.8Hz),5.07-5.01(m,1H),3.57(s,2H),3.06(d,2H,J=11.6Hz),2.24(t,2H,J=11.6Hz),1.97-1.85(m,4H)。13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δppm 161.3,138.2,137.3,137.0,132.5,131.6,129.3,128.8,128.4,128.1,127.7,127.3,62.9,53.1,52.9,31.7。
LC/MS(M+H)=345。
*3-((1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基)-5-苯基嘧啶-4(3H)-酮(化合物45)。
在实施例A.14中所述的相同程序下并从5-溴嘧啶-4-醇氢溴酸盐(200mg,0.78mmol,1当量)和4-[(甲磺酰基氧基)甲基]哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(298.1mg,1.01mmol,1.3当量)起始,在快速硅胶色谱法(庚烷/EtOAc)后获得黄色油状4-[(5-溴-6-氧代-1,6-二氢嘧啶-1-基)甲基]哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(51.7mg,18%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm 8.63(s,1H),8.57(s,1H),4.29(d,2H,J=6.8Hz),4.21-4.04(m,2H),2.78-2.71(m,2H),2.04-2.00(m,1H),1.80(d,2H,J=12.8Hz),1.40(s,9H),1.31-1.25(m,2H)。
从4-[(5-溴-6-氧代-1,6-二氢嘧啶-1-基)甲基]哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(73mg,0.19mmol,1当量)起始,借助于苯基硼酸(26.3mg,0.21mmol,1.1当量)进行Suzuki Miyaura交叉偶联反应,在快速硅胶色谱法(庚烷/EtOAc)后获得黄色油状4-[(6-氧代-5-苯基-1,6-二氢嘧啶-1-基)甲基]哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(32.7mg,45%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm8.72(s,1H),8.49(s,1H),7.54-7.47(m,2H),7.45-7.39(m,3H),4.29(d,2H,J=6.4Hz),4.13-4.07(m,2H),2.73-2.69(m,2H),1.99-1.96(m,1H),1.75-1.71(m,2H),1.46(s,9H),1.26-1.23(m,2H)。13C NMR(101MHZ,CDCl3):δppm 157.0,156.2,154.8,128.9,128.5,128.3,79.4,70.9,35.6,28.8,28.5,28.4。
在借助于TFA进行BOC基团的脱保护后,粗物质借助于苯甲醛进行还原胺化反应,在利用2N HCl成盐后产生标题化合物。(浅黄色固体,18.6mg,54%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm 8.65(s,1H),8.42(s,1H),7.47-7.45(m,2H),7.40-7.30(m,3H),7.28-.7.21(m,5H),4.23(d,1H,J=6.7Hz),3.56(s,2H),2.95(d,2H,J=11.3Hz),2.12-2.00(m,2H),1.86-1.78(m,1H),1.72(d,2H,J=13.5Hz),1.42(q,2H,J=12.5Hz)。13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δppm 165.5,156.9,156.1,133.0,129.6,128.9,128.5,128.4,128.3,127.6,122.3,70.9,62.8,52.8,34.9,28.3。
LC/MS(M+H)=360。
*1-[(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基]-3-苯基-1,2-二氢吡啶-2-酮盐酸盐(化合物46)。
在实施例A.14中所述的相同程序下并从3-溴吡啶-2-醇(180mg,1.035mmol,1当量)和4-[(甲磺酰基氧基)甲基]哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(364.2mg,1.24mmol,1.2当量)起始,在快速硅胶色谱法(庚烷/EtOAc)后获得白色固体状4-[(3-溴-2-氧代-1,2-二氢吡啶-1-基)甲基]哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(133.5mg,35%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm 8.07(d,1H,J=4.3Hz),7.8(d,1H,J=7.5Hz),6.76(t,1H,J=6.2Hz),4.21(d,2H J=6.8Hz),4.19-4.09(m,2H),2.75(t,2H,J=12.7Hz),2.09-1.95(m,1H),1.83(d,2H,J=13.3Hz)1.47(s,9H),1.3(dq,2H,J=12.7Hz,J=3.8Hz)。13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δppm 159.8,154.9,154.4,141.6,117.8,107.3,79.3,71.0,35.8,28.8,28.5。
从4-[(3-溴-2-氧代-1,2-二氢吡啶-1-基)甲基]哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(123mg,0.33mmol,1当量)起始,借助于苯基硼酸(44.4mg,0.36mmol,1.1当量)进行Suzuki Miyaura交叉偶联反应,在快速硅胶色谱法(庚烷/EtOAc)后获得黄色油状4-[(2-氧代-3-苯基-1,2-二氢吡啶-1-基)甲基]哌啶-1-甲酸叔丁酯(100mg,82%)。1H NMR(40 0MHz,CDCl3):δppm7.97(dd,1H,J=4.1Hz,J=1.3Hz),7.46(dd,J=7.6Hz,J=1.3Hz),7.42-7.35(m,2H),7.30-7.23(m,2H),7.22-7.16(m,1H),6.81(dt,1H,J=6.3Hz,J=1.3Hz),4.05(d,2H,J=6.2Hz),4.02-3.88(m,2H),2.55(t,2H,J=12.7Hz),1.85-1.64(m,1H),1.58(d,2H,J=13.2Hz),1.31(s,9H),1.15-1.00(m,2H)。13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δppm 160.6,154.8,145.7,138.7,136.8,129.1,128.1,127.4,124.7,117.1,79.3,70.3,35.9,29.0,28.5。
在借助于TFA进行BOC基团的脱保护后,粗物质借助于苯甲醛进行还原胺化反应,在利用2N HCl成盐后产生标题化合物46。(浅黄色固体,44.4mg,55%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δppm 8.08(dd,1H,J=4.4Hz,J=1.3Hz),7.57(dd,1H,J=7.2Hz,J=1.3Hz),7.53-7.47(m,2H),7.40-7.33(m,2H),7.32-7.25(m,5H),7.22-7.15(m,1H),6.91(dt,1H,J=6.9Hz,J=1.3Hz),4.15(d,2H,J=6.7Hz),3.45(s,2H),2.85(d,2H,J=11.5Hz),1.92(t,2H,J=12.1Hz),1.80-1.62(m,3H),1.34(q,2H,J=12.4Hz)。13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3):δppm160.7,145.7,138.6,136.8,129.2,128.1,127.4,126.9,124.6,116.9,70.7,63.4,53.4,35.6,29.2。
LC/MS(M+H)=359。
B.体外药理学:与σ-1受体的结合测定
根据Ganapathy等人(J Pharmacol Exp Ther 28:251-60,1999)进行σ-1受体结合测定。通过将Jurkat细胞膜(每管10-20mg蛋白质)与[3H](+)喷他佐辛、选择性σ-1放射性示踪剂(15nM)和一系列浓度的测试化合物在37℃下在5mM tris/HCl缓冲液(pH=7.4)中温育2小时来进行σ-1受体结合测定。[3H](+)-喷他佐辛结合测定的抑制主要用于确定潜在σ-1受体配体的抑制常数(Ki)。这些测定使用浓度接近其KD的单一浓度的[3H](+)-喷他佐辛和增加浓度的非放射性配体进行。
表1
σ-1受体结合测定的结果示于表2中。
表2
Claims (13)
1.一种由下式(I)所示的化合物,其异构体、溶剂化物或任何药用盐,
其中:
R1和R2独立地表示:
·H;
·芳基(C1-C6)烷基基团;
·芳基基团;
·环烷基基团;
·杂环基团;或
·SR,R是烷基、芳基或芳烷基;
其中R1和R2中的一者是H,并且R1和R2中的另一者不同于H;X和Y分别是:
·CH和N,或
·N和CR4,或
·CH和CR4,
其中R4表示H或(C1-C4)烷基;
n是0、1或2;m是0或1;m'是0或1;
R3表示:
·选自H、(C1-C6)烷基、(C2-C6)烯基、芳基、杂芳基、环烷基、杂环烷基、(C1-C6)烷氧基和芳基(C1-C6)烷基的基团
所述基团任选地被至少一个选自以下的基团取代:(C1-C6)烷基、OH、卤素、芳基、杂芳基、环烷基、杂环烷基、(C1-C6)烷氧基、-C(O)R、-CHOHR、C(O)2R、C(O)NRR'、-CONHOR、-CONHSO2R、-NRR'、-N(R)C(O)R'、-N(R)NR'R”、-N(R)C(O)2R'、-N(R)C(O)NR'R”、-N(R)S(O)2R'、-SR、-S(O)R、-S(O)2R、-S(O)NRR'和-S(O)2NRR';R、R'和R”独立地是H、(C1-C6)烷基、环烷基、芳基、杂环烷基、杂芳基、(C1-C6)烷基环烷基、(C1-C6)烷基芳基、(C1-C6)烷基杂环烷基)或(C1-C6)烷基杂芳基;或
·选自OH、-C(O)R、-CHOHR、C(O)2R、C(O)NRR'、-CONHOR、-CONHSO2R、-NRR'、-N(R)C(O)R'、-N(R)NR'R”、-N(R)C(O)2R'、-N(R)C(O)NR'R”、-N(R)S(O)2R'、-SR、-S(O)R、-S(O)2R、-S(O)NRR'和-S(O)2NRR'的基团;R、R'和R”独立地是H、(C1-C6)烷基、环烷基、芳基、杂环烷基、杂芳基、(C1-C6)烷基环烷基、(C1-C6)烷基芳基、(C1-C6)烷基杂环烷基)或(C1-C6)烷基杂芳基;
R5表示H或OH;并且
各R6独立地表示H或(C1-C6)烷基基团。
2.根据权利要求1所述的化合物,其中:
R1表示:
·芳基(C1-C6)烷基基团;
·芳基基团;
·环烷基基团;
·杂环基团;或
·SR,R是烷基、芳基或芳烷基;
并且R2是H。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的化合物,其中:
R1表示:
·芳基(C1-C6)烷基基团;
·芳基基团;或
·杂环基团;
优选地R1表示芳基基团;并且
R2表示H。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的化合物,其中X和Y分别是N和CR4,其中R4是H或(C1-C4)烷基,优选H或甲基,更优选H。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的化合物,其中R5和各R6是H。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的化合物,其中满足以下特征中的至少一者:
n是1;和/或
m是0;和/或
m'是1;和/或
R1表示芳基基团;和/或
R2是H;和/或
R3表示:
·选自H、芳基(例如苯基)、(C1-C6)烷基(例如乙基)、(C2-C6)烯基(例如异丁烯基)、环烷基(例如环丙基、环戊基、环己基)、杂环烷基(例如四氢吡喃基)、杂芳基(例如吡啶基、咪唑基)、(C1-C6)烷氧基(例如甲氧基)、芳基(C1-C6)烷基(例如苄基)的基团
所述基团任选地被一个或两个(C1-C6)烷基、OH、卤素(例如氟、氯)、芳基(例如苯基)、杂芳基、环烷基、杂环烷基、(C1-C6)烷氧基、-C(O)2R、-N(R)C(O)R'取代;R和R'独立地是H、(C1-C6)烷基、环烷基、芳基(例如任选地被卤素(优选氟)取代的苯基)、杂环烷基、杂芳基、(C1-C6)烷基环烷基、(C1-C6)烷基芳基、(C1-C6)烷基杂环烷基)或(C1-C6)烷基杂芳基;或
选自-CHOHR、-C(O)R、-C(O)2R的基团;R是H、(C1-C6)烷基、环烷基、芳基、杂环烷基、杂芳基、(C1-C6)烷基环烷基、(C1-C6)烷基芳基、(C1-C6)烷基杂环烷基)或(C1-C6)烷基杂芳基;和/或
R5是H;和/或
各R6是H。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的化合物,其中所述芳基基团是任选地被至少一个取代基取代的苯基基团,所述至少一个取代基选自:
·卤素,优选氟或氯;
·任选地被至少一个卤素、优选氟取代的烷基,优选-CF3;
·-OH;和
·-OR,R是烷基、环烷基、杂环烷基、芳基或杂芳基,R优选是烷基、更优选是甲基。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的化合物,其中所述化合物选自:
2-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
2-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)-5-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
4-苯基-2-[1-(2-苯基乙基)哌啶-4-基]-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮盐酸盐;
2-[1-(环丙基甲基)哌啶-4-基]-4-苯基-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮盐酸盐;
2-[1-(环戊基甲基)哌啶-4-基]-4-苯基-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮盐酸盐;
2-(1-苄基氮杂环庚烷-4-基)-4-苯基-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮盐酸盐;
2-((1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基)-6-甲基-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮;
2-((1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基)-5-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
2-[(1-苄基哌啶-3-基)甲基]-4-苯基-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮盐酸盐;
2-((1-苯乙基哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
4-苯基-2-((1-丙基哌啶-4-基)甲基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
2-((1-(4-氯苄基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
2-((1-(环己基甲基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
4-苯基-2-((1-(吡啶-4-基甲基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
4-苯基-2-((1-((四氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)甲基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
2-{[1-(1H-咪唑-5-基甲基)哌啶-4-基]甲基}-4-苯基-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮盐酸盐;
4-苯基-2-((1-((四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基)甲基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
2-((1-(4-羟基苄基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
2-((1-(2-甲氧基乙基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
2-((1-(2-羟基乙基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
2-((1-(2-甲氧基-1-苯基乙基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
N-(2-{4-[(6-氧代-5-苯基-1,6-二氢哒嗪-1-基)甲基]哌啶-1-基}乙基)乙酰胺盐酸盐;
2-((1-(2-(4-氟苯基)-2-羟基乙基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
2-((1-(2-(4-氟苯基)-2-氧代乙基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
2-((1-(2-羟基-2-苯基乙基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
2-(2-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)乙基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
2-(2-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)乙基)-5-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
2-(1-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)乙基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
2-((1-苄基-4-羟基哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
2-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)-4-(4-甲氧基苯基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
2-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)-4-[4-(三氟甲基)苯基]-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮盐酸盐;
2-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)-4-[4-(氯苯基]-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮盐酸盐;
2-[(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基]-4-(2-氯苯基)-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮盐酸盐;
2-[(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基]-4-(4-羟基苯基)-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮盐酸盐;
2-((1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-(4-氟苯基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
2-((1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-苯乙基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮;
2-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)-4-(2-苯基乙基)-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮盐酸盐;
2-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)-4-(哌啶-1-基)-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮盐酸盐;
2-[(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基]-4-(哌啶-1-基)-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮盐酸盐;
2-((1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-吗啉基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
2-((1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-(4-苯基哌嗪-1-基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
2-((1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-(3,4-二氢异喹啉-2(1H)-基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
3-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)-5-苯基嘧啶-4(3H)-酮盐酸盐;
1-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)-3-苯基-1,2-二氢吡啶-2-酮盐酸盐;
3-((1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基)-5-苯基嘧啶-4(3H)-酮;和
1-[(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基]-3-苯基-1,2-二氢吡啶-2-酮盐酸盐。
9.根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的化合物,其中所述化合物选自:
2-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
3-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)-5-苯基嘧啶-4(3H)-酮盐酸盐;
2-((1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-苯乙基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮;
2-[(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)甲基]-4-(哌啶-1-基)-2,3-二氢哒嗪-3-酮盐酸盐;
2-((1-苄基-4-羟基哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
4-苯基-2-((1-((四氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)甲基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;
2-(1-(1-苄基哌啶-4-基)乙基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐;和
2-((1-(2-羟基乙基)哌啶-4-基)甲基)-4-苯基哒嗪-3(2H)-酮盐酸盐。
10.根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的化合物,其用作药物。
11.一种药物组合物,其包含根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的化合物和药学上可接受的载体。
12.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的化合物或药物组合物,其用于治疗由σ-1受体调节的障碍。
13.根据权利要求12所述使用的化合物或药物组合物,其中所述障碍选自:神经退行性疾病,例如阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、亨廷顿病、肌萎缩侧索硬化症、多发性硬化症;认知和记忆改变,例如病理性衰老、缺血性健忘症、精神分裂症相关的认知缺陷和抑郁症;发育性认知障碍,例如自闭症相关障碍和智力低下相关障碍;以及与MAM功能障碍相关的遗传疾病。
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CN1745077A (zh) * | 2003-01-31 | 2006-03-08 | 沃泰克斯药物股份有限公司 | 促旋酶抑制剂及其用途 |
WO2015064083A1 (en) * | 2013-10-29 | 2015-05-07 | Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited | Heterocyclic compound |
WO2017222952A1 (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2017-12-28 | Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. | 3- heteroaryl substituted 5-trifluoromethyl oxadiazoles as histone deacetylase 6 (hdac6) inhibitors |
WO2019068771A1 (en) * | 2017-10-04 | 2019-04-11 | Esteve Pharmaceuticals, S.A. | USE OF SIGMA RECEPTOR LIGANDS AGAINST AGE-RELATED COGNITIVE DISORDERS |
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WO2015064083A1 (en) * | 2013-10-29 | 2015-05-07 | Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited | Heterocyclic compound |
WO2017222952A1 (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2017-12-28 | Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. | 3- heteroaryl substituted 5-trifluoromethyl oxadiazoles as histone deacetylase 6 (hdac6) inhibitors |
WO2019068771A1 (en) * | 2017-10-04 | 2019-04-11 | Esteve Pharmaceuticals, S.A. | USE OF SIGMA RECEPTOR LIGANDS AGAINST AGE-RELATED COGNITIVE DISORDERS |
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