CN114959148A - Electric furnace iron-making method - Google Patents
Electric furnace iron-making method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114959148A CN114959148A CN202210587415.8A CN202210587415A CN114959148A CN 114959148 A CN114959148 A CN 114959148A CN 202210587415 A CN202210587415 A CN 202210587415A CN 114959148 A CN114959148 A CN 114959148A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B11/00—Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces
- C21B11/10—Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces in electric furnaces
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an electric furnace ironmaking method, which specifically comprises the following steps: 1) technical equipment comprises the following steps: a medium-frequency electric heating device is additionally arranged on a hearth at the bottom of the blast furnace; 2) preparing furnace burden: uniformly mixing furnace burden according to the proportion required by chemical reaction, adding an adhesive to press the mixture into small balls with the diameter of 20-30 mm, wherein the ball pressing strength meets the smelting requirement, and drying the small balls until the water content is less than 3%; 3) the production process comprises the following steps: charging materials are loaded from the top of the blast furnace, the waste heat at the top preheats the charging materials, the charging materials in the middle high-temperature area undergo chemical reaction to generate iron and carbon dioxide gas, the iron descends to the bottom hearth and is melted into molten iron and slag by the electric furnace, and the iron and the slag are discharged from the iron outlet and the slag outlet respectively to form charging at the top of the blast furnace and continuous production of molten iron at the bottom of the furnace. The invention has the advantages that: the sintering system and the hot blast furnace system do not need to be constructed in a matched manner, the equipment investment is low, the production cost is low, the emission of carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide gas is low, the method is environment-friendly, safe and reliable, the operation and treatment are convenient, and the method has good popularization prospect and commercial value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an electric furnace ironmaking method.
Background
The steel industry is the basic industry of national economy, and the steel industry in China develops rapidly, and the output is the first in the world. The pig iron is the main raw material for steel smelting, and the pig iron yield in China in 2021 is 8.68 hundred million tons. The main raw materials for blast furnace iron making are iron ore, coke and limestone, the iron ore needs to be processed into sinter ore or pellet ore, the coke has the function of providing heat and generating reducing agent carbon monoxide, and the carbon monoxide reducing agent reduces iron oxide to obtain pig iron at high temperature. During smelting, furnace burden is filled from the top of the furnace, hot air is blown into an air inlet at the bottom of the furnace to support combustion, the furnace burden is subjected to reduction reaction under high-temperature reducing atmosphere to obtain iron, and the iron is melted in a furnace hearth and discharged as molten iron. Chemical reaction equation:
Fe 2 O 3 +3CO＝2Fe+3CO 2 (high temperature of 500 ℃ to 800 ℃) Fe 3 O 4 +4CO＝3Fe+4CO 2 (high temperature of 500-800 ℃). Traditional blast furnace iron making uses coking coal as fuelThe method is high in energy consumption and pollution, the coke and coal resources in China are in short supply, the prices of metallurgical coke and coal are continuously increased, and with the continuous maturity of the electric induction heating technology, how to provide an electric furnace iron-making method which uses cleaner electric energy to replace coke for iron-making and meets the requirements of low-carbon economy and clean production becomes the research direction.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an electric furnace ironmaking method to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: an electric furnace ironmaking method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) technical equipment comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of (1) additionally arranging a medium-frequency electric heating induction coil around a hearth at the bottom of the blast furnace, matching with a medium-frequency conversion device, melting iron in the hearth by electric heating, and providing a high-temperature environment in the furnace required by chemical reaction of iron oxide and carbon;
2) preparing furnace charge: according to the atomic contents of oxygen, silicon, carbon and calcium in the raw materials of iron ore powder, carbon powder and limestone powder, the method comprises the following steps: oxygen and carbon 1: 0.5 to 1.0; silicon and calcium 1: 1.0-1.25 (properly adjusted according to the requirements on carbon content and sulfur content of molten iron), uniformly mixing to fully contact reactants, adding an adhesive to press the mixture into small balls with the diameter of 20-30 mm, wherein the ball pressing strength meets the smelting requirement, and drying the small balls until the water content is less than 3%;
3) the production process comprises the following steps: pre-filling pig iron in a hearth of a bottom medium-frequency induction electric furnace, filling prepared furnace materials from the top of a blast furnace, starting the electric furnace to heat and melt the pig iron in the hearth, preheating the furnace materials by waste heat at the top, carrying out chemical reaction on the furnace materials in a middle high-temperature area to generate iron and carbon dioxide gas, discharging the carbon dioxide gas from a flue at the top of the furnace, enabling the iron with impurities to descend to the bottom hearth to be melted into molten iron and slag by the electric furnace, and discharging the iron and the slag from an iron outlet and a slag outlet respectively; forming furnace top feeding and furnace bottom molten iron discharging continuous production.
The invention has the advantages that: the sintering system and the hot blast stove system do not need to be constructed in a matching way, the equipment investment is low, the production cost is low, the emission of carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide gas is low, the method is environment-friendly, safe and reliable, the operation and the treatment are convenient, and the method has good popularization prospect and commercial value.
Detailed Description
The invention is illustrated below by means of specific examples, without being restricted thereto.
Examples
An electric furnace ironmaking method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) technical equipment comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of adding a medium-frequency electric heating induction coil around a hearth at the bottom of a blast furnace, matching with a medium-frequency conversion device, melting iron in the hearth by electric heating, and providing a high-temperature environment in the furnace required by chemical reaction of iron oxide and carbon;
2) preparing furnace charge: according to the atomic contents of oxygen, silicon, carbon and calcium in the raw materials of iron ore powder, carbon powder and limestone powder, the method comprises the following steps: oxygen and carbon 1: 0.5 to 1.0; silicon and calcium 1: 1.0-1.25 (properly adjusted according to the requirements on carbon content and sulfur content of molten iron), uniformly mixing to fully contact reactants, adding an adhesive to press the mixture into small balls with the diameter of 20-30 mm, wherein the ball pressing strength meets the smelting requirement, and drying the small balls until the water content is less than 3%;
3) the production process comprises the following steps: pre-filling pig iron in a hearth of a bottom medium-frequency induction electric furnace, filling prepared furnace materials from the top of a blast furnace, starting the electric furnace to heat and melt the pig iron in the hearth, preheating the furnace materials by waste heat at the top, carrying out chemical reaction on the furnace materials in a middle high-temperature area to generate iron and carbon dioxide gas, discharging the carbon dioxide gas from a flue at the top of the furnace, enabling the iron with impurities to descend to the bottom hearth to be melted into molten iron and slag by the electric furnace, and discharging the iron and the slag from an iron outlet and a slag outlet respectively; forming furnace top feeding and furnace bottom molten iron discharging continuous production.
The basic principle of the invention is as follows: the iron oxide and the carbon are subjected to chemical reaction in a high environment in the blast furnace to generate simple substance iron, and the iron and the slag are respectively discharged after being melted and separated by heating in a medium-frequency induction electric furnace at the bottom of the blast furnace.
Chemical reaction equation: 2Fe 2 O 3 +3C＝4Fe+3CO 2 (700 ℃ C. to 800 ℃ C. high temperature)
Fe 3 O 4 +2C＝3Fe+2CO 2 (700 ℃ C. to 800 ℃ C. high temperature)
Compared with the prior iron-making process, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the equipment investment is less: and a sintering system and a hot blast stove system do not need to be constructed in a matching way.
2. The production cost is low: the electric induction heating of the medium-frequency electric furnace and the coke combustion heating generate equivalent heat energy, and the electric power cost only needs 55 percent of the coke cost. (10 degrees heat of induction is equivalent to 1Kg coke); the carbon consumption of the replacement reaction only needs 50% of the reduction reaction.
3. The emission of carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide gas is less: the electric induction heating avoids the emission of carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide gas generated by coke and coal used as fuels in the prior iron-making process, and the amount of carbon dioxide generated by chemical reaction is also reduced by 50 percent.
4. The equipment operation is simple: the medium frequency induction heating system can intelligently control the temperature, and can accurately adjust the temperature in the furnace to ensure the sequential production of the blast furnace.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. An electric furnace ironmaking method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) technical equipment comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of (1) additionally arranging a medium-frequency electric heating induction coil around a hearth at the bottom of the blast furnace, matching with a medium-frequency conversion device, melting iron in the hearth by electric heating, and providing a high-temperature environment in the furnace required by chemical reaction of iron oxide and carbon;
2) preparing furnace charge: according to the atomic contents of oxygen, silicon, carbon and calcium in the raw materials of iron ore powder, carbon powder and limestone powder, the method comprises the following steps: oxygen and carbon 1: 0.5 to 1.0; silicon and calcium 1: 1.0-1.25, adjusting according to the requirements on carbon content and sulfur content of molten iron, uniformly mixing to ensure that reactants are fully contacted, adding an adhesive to press the mixture into small balls with the diameter of 20-30 mm, wherein the ball pressing strength meets the smelting requirement, and drying until the water content is less than 3%;
3) the production process comprises the following steps: pre-filling pig iron in a hearth of a bottom medium-frequency induction electric furnace, filling prepared furnace materials from the top of a blast furnace, starting the electric furnace to heat and melt the pig iron in the hearth, preheating the furnace materials by waste heat at the top, carrying out chemical reaction on the furnace materials in a middle high-temperature area to generate iron and carbon dioxide gas, discharging the carbon dioxide gas from a flue at the top of the furnace, melting the iron with impurities into molten iron and slag by the electric furnace when the iron descends to the bottom hearth, and discharging the iron and the slag from an iron outlet and a slag outlet respectively; forming furnace top feeding and furnace bottom molten iron discharging continuous production.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210587415.8A CN114959148A (en) | 2022-05-25 | 2022-05-25 | Electric furnace iron-making method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210587415.8A CN114959148A (en) | 2022-05-25 | 2022-05-25 | Electric furnace iron-making method |
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| CN114959148A true CN114959148A (en) | 2022-08-30 |
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Citations (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB748334A (en) * | 1950-09-16 | 1956-04-25 | Weber Ludwig | Electric smelting of iron ores |
| ES253199A1 (en) * | 1958-11-27 | 1960-05-01 | Elektrokemisk As | Process of reduction in electric furnaces |
| BE716301A (en) * | 1967-06-09 | 1968-12-09 | ||
| CN1097805A (en) * | 1994-05-31 | 1995-01-25 | 高征铠 | Oxygen coal powder flux tuyere composite blowing blast furnace iron-smelting technology |
| CN1563433A (en) * | 2004-03-17 | 2005-01-12 | 北京科技大学 | Iron making method and melting facility for deoxidizing in rotary hearth furnace and melting and separating in flame furnace |
| WO2009030064A1 (en) * | 2007-09-03 | 2009-03-12 | Shutong Dong | A process for non-coke smelting iron and steel |
| JP2009280833A (en) * | 2008-05-19 | 2009-12-03 | Wakasawan Energ Kenkyu Center | Low-temperature iron-making method allowing high speed smelting |
| CN101967530A (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2011-02-09 | 昆明钢铁集团有限责任公司 | Method for reducing iron by smelting reduction in electrometallurgy |
| CN102010918A (en) * | 2010-12-11 | 2011-04-13 | 王林 | Environmental-friendly energy-saving blast-furnace oxygen ironmaking method |
| CN102260766A (en) * | 2010-05-28 | 2011-11-30 | 马西元 | Smelting production method of iron |
| CN102409126A (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2012-04-11 | 胡丽娜 | Integrated reduction ironmaking furnace and integrated reduction ironmaking process |
| CN106435080A (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2017-02-22 | 东北大学 | Eddy current stirring smelting reduction iron making method |
| CN112522465A (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2021-03-19 | 江苏鑫冶科技有限公司 | Electric furnace smelting reduction smelting process |
-
2022
- 2022-05-25 CN CN202210587415.8A patent/CN114959148A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB748334A (en) * | 1950-09-16 | 1956-04-25 | Weber Ludwig | Electric smelting of iron ores |
| ES253199A1 (en) * | 1958-11-27 | 1960-05-01 | Elektrokemisk As | Process of reduction in electric furnaces |
| BE716301A (en) * | 1967-06-09 | 1968-12-09 | ||
| GB1164196A (en) * | 1967-06-09 | 1969-09-17 | William Davies | Improvements in the Smelting of Iron Ores |
| CN1097805A (en) * | 1994-05-31 | 1995-01-25 | 高征铠 | Oxygen coal powder flux tuyere composite blowing blast furnace iron-smelting technology |
| CN1563433A (en) * | 2004-03-17 | 2005-01-12 | 北京科技大学 | Iron making method and melting facility for deoxidizing in rotary hearth furnace and melting and separating in flame furnace |
| WO2009030064A1 (en) * | 2007-09-03 | 2009-03-12 | Shutong Dong | A process for non-coke smelting iron and steel |
| JP2009280833A (en) * | 2008-05-19 | 2009-12-03 | Wakasawan Energ Kenkyu Center | Low-temperature iron-making method allowing high speed smelting |
| CN102260766A (en) * | 2010-05-28 | 2011-11-30 | 马西元 | Smelting production method of iron |
| CN101967530A (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2011-02-09 | 昆明钢铁集团有限责任公司 | Method for reducing iron by smelting reduction in electrometallurgy |
| CN102010918A (en) * | 2010-12-11 | 2011-04-13 | 王林 | Environmental-friendly energy-saving blast-furnace oxygen ironmaking method |
| CN102409126A (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2012-04-11 | 胡丽娜 | Integrated reduction ironmaking furnace and integrated reduction ironmaking process |
| CN106435080A (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2017-02-22 | 东北大学 | Eddy current stirring smelting reduction iron making method |
| WO2018058951A1 (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2018-04-05 | 东北大学 | Vortex mixing method for smelting reduction of iron |
| CN112522465A (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2021-03-19 | 江苏鑫冶科技有限公司 | Electric furnace smelting reduction smelting process |
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