CN102181776B - Technique and device for producing high-grade nickel and stainless steel by reduction pelletization - Google Patents
Technique and device for producing high-grade nickel and stainless steel by reduction pelletization Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a technique and device for producing high-grade nickel and stainless steel by reduction pelletization. Coal dust or any other carbon-rich material is used as a reducer or fuel to reduce low-grade nickel minerals into high-temperature pellets so as to directly smelt high-Ni/Co-content low-sulfur/phosphorus-content molten alloy steel or directly be used for producing stainless steel. The invention has the advantages of high production efficiency, low comprehensive energy consumption, low production cost and obvious effects of energy saving and emission reduction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to stainless production technique, relate in particular to a kind of reducting pellet high-grade nickel and stainless processing method and device occur to produce, belong to technical field of ferrous metallurgy.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of world economy, people's life and industrial circle etc. are increasing to stainless demand, therefore also more and more to the demand of nickel.Along with the gradually minimizing of nickel sulfide ore and higher-grade laterite, the development and use of low-grade laterite nickel ore become extremely urgent.The red soil nickel ore aboundresources, prospecting prime cost is low, and mining cost is low, and dressing and smelting process is ripe gradually.Because hercynite and peridotites are mutually inlayed and dissolved each other, and nickel is combined with mineral closely, the separating abnormality of nickel is difficult, so that energy consumption is high in reducing roasting process for red soil nickel ore.At present, though the technique of wet processing red soil nickel ore is used for industrial production for many years, but reagent consumption is high, severe operational environment, and because nickel content is low, the materials such as other material in the ore 90% or more and the acid of adding, alkali are unprocessed and directly enter clout, pile and abandon in the open, environment has been caused serious secondary pollution, progressively be eliminated.The selectivity roasting reduction is processed in 1200～1350 ℃ of scopes, and the nickel in the ore is reduced into metallic nickel, separates making metallic nickel obtain enrichment by magnetic separation, is reduced into ferronickel by mineral hot furnace again, and power consumption and comprehensive energy consumption are high.Chinese patent application 200710034750.0 discloses the red soil nickel ore melting and reducing and has produced iron alloy technique, at first red soil nickel ore is reduced with rotary kiln, then utilize wet magnetic separation to make the nickel enrichment, again with melting and reducings such as electric furnaces, can produce nickel 6-10%, the Rhometal of iron 85-90%, ferronickel yield are greater than 85%, and sulphur phosphorus is lower than 0.03%.Chinese patent application 200710035281.4 discloses the low-grade laterite nickel ore combination and has utilized technique, red soil nickel ore adds coke powder or is rich in carbon material sinter machine sintering and reducing after fragmentation, add electric furnace or blast furnace after the cooling and make part of nickel and a small amount of iron reduction, enter again the end reducing furnace reduced iron, obtain molten iron iron content 92-95%, the nickeliferous 4-8% of Rhometal, iron content 88-92%.Chinese patent application 200610163832.0 discloses the method that a kind of rotary hearth furnace rapid reduction of carbonaceous red soil nickel ore is rolled into a ball enriching nickel, red soil nickel ore adds carbonaceous reducing agent, the isobaric balling-up of additive after fragmentation, adopt rotary hearth furnace reduction, add electric furnace or blast furnace after the cooling and make part of nickel and a small amount of iron reduction, then carry out wet ball grinding, high intensity magnetic separation obtains the high-grade nickel concentrate, and the nickel grade reaches 7-9%.The nickel content 6-10% of Rhometal that above processing method is produced acomialy produces the more nickelalloy of high-content, and comprehensive energy consumption is high.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of reducting pellet method and produce high-grade nickel and stainless processing method and device.
The low-grade laterite nickel ore that utilizes that the present invention proposes is made reducting pellet method production high-grade nickel alloy and stainless steel art method and apparatus, utilizes red soil nickel ore (Ni:0.8～2.0%, Co:0.1～0.2%, Fe:11.0～50.0%, Cr
2O
3: 0.6～0.5%, MgO:0.5～35.0%, Mn:0.3～1.0%, SiO
2: 29.0～46.0%, Al
2O
3: 0.8～2.5%, CaO:0.1～0.7%, P:0.06～0.12%, S:0.04～0.08%) direct production goes out thick NiCo alloy (Ni+Co content 8.0～23.0%, C content 1.0～2.0%, phosphorus content＜0.06%, sulphur content＜0.05%, silicone content 0.1～0.3%, manganese content 0.3～0.8%, chromium content 1.5～4.5%, iron level 75.0～87.0%).The NiCo alloy molten steel that thick NiCo alloy is produced NiCo content 30.0～87.0%, C content 0.003～0.009%, phosphorus content＜0.008%, sulphur content＜0.007%, silicone content 0.001～0.005%, manganese content 0.003～0.01%, chromium content 0.01～0.05%, iron level 13.0～68.0% through oxidation refining technique and the device of the present invention's proposition.Require NiCo steel alloy water constituent is adjusted to desired scope according to the stainless steel composition, direct heat is blended into electric furnace and produces stainless steel.
The invention provides a kind of low-grade laterite nickel ore that utilizes and make reducting pellet method production high-grade nickel alloy and stainless processing method, comprise the following steps:
1) at first forms the initial slag of 600-700mm and the dark iron bath of 500mm in the molten minute stove;
2) flux of high temperature reduction pelletizing and 5-15% part by weight adds molten minute stove;
3) carbon material and oxygen are rich in the 150-200mm place winding-up at the bottom of the slag of the coaloust-oxygen gun A bottom that is inserted into initial slag by the furnace wall more than the initial slag face, be rich in carbon material and oxygen proportion for keep 5-15% more than needed to be rich in the carbon material not burned, keep the reductibility of slag; Coaloust-oxygen gun B is rich in carbon material and oxygen by the middle part winding-up that the furnace wall more than the initial slag face is inserted into initial slag, be rich in carbon material and oxygen proportion for keep 1.0-10% more than needed to be rich in the carbon material not burned, the high temperature that produces becomes liquid state to the high temperature red soil nickel ore reducting pellet that adds and keeps the reductibility of slag with flux melts; The slag temperature is controlled at 1400-1600 ℃ and obtains liquid thick NiCo alloy molten steel;
4) liquid thick NiCo alloy molten steel continuously flows into the refinement stove by the B-mode outlet of molten minute stove, and to refining stove by ton molten steel 30-60 kilogram adding flux, be blown into oxygen by the gas permeable brick that refines furnace bottom or the refinement stove oxygen rifle on top, make Si, C, Mn, Cr in the liquid thick NiCo alloy molten steel, the elements such as Fe, P are oxidized and enter in the slag, obtain the alloy molten steel of high NiCo content;
5) require high NiCo steel alloy water constituent is adjusted to desired scope according to the stainless steel composition, direct heat is blended into electric furnace and produces stainless steel;
6) heat of the molten minute stove coal gas of high temperature (1400-1550 ℃) of gas reforming stove utilization makes the CO in the coal gas
2Generate CO with the coal reaction, obtain high-quality upgrading coal gas (650-800 ℃), send into the reduction apparatus reducting pellet, or be used for heater for rolling steel, surplus gas also can be used for generating, and waste heat is fully used.
Preferably, the Fe in the molten minute in-furnace slag
2O
3Be reduced into FeO and Fe
3O
4, slag is come out of the stove rear by shrend and granulation cooling, and the slag of cooling goes out FeO and Fe through fine grinding, high intensity magnetic separation again
3O
4Be used for ironmaking, waste residue is for the production of cement.
Preferably, step 2) described high temperature reduction pelletizing is: red soil nickel ore, be rich in carbon material reductive agent, binding agent, lime and make pelletizing, pelletizing reduces through reduction apparatus, obtains 1100-1250 ℃ high temperature reduction pelletizing.Those skilled in the art is grouped into according to the one-tenth of red soil nickel ore, designs or adjust the ratio that carbon material reductive agent, lime and binding agent add that is rich in.
The described carbon material reductive agent that is rich in is selected from: coal dust, blue carbon dust, coke powder etc.
Described binding agent is selected from: Peng Yun soil or organic binder bond etc.
Preferably, step 3) described thick NiCo alloy molten steel, composition is: Ni+Co content 8.0～23.0%, C content 1.0～2.0%, phosphorus content＜0.06%, sulphur content＜0.05%, silicone content 0.1～0.3%, manganese content 0.3～0.8%, chromium content 1.5～4.5%, iron level 75.0～87.0%.
Preferably, step 4) described high NiCo content alloy molten steel, composition is: NiCo content 30.0～87.0%, C content 0.003～0.009%, phosphorus content＜0.008%, sulphur content＜0.007%, silicone content 0.001～0.005%, manganese content 0.003～0.01%, chromium content 0.01～0.05%, iron level 12.0～68.0%, above-mentioned each composition sum is 100%.
Preferably, step 3) the described carbon material that is rich in can be coal dust, coke powder, blue powdered carbon etc.
Preferably, step 4) described flux is selected from one or more in lime, fluorite, the rhombspar, and those skilled in the art is grouped into according to the one-tenth of slag, designs or adjust the ratio that lime, fluorite, rhombspar add.
Because of more complicated of the present invention, to relate to step numerous, so innovation part of distinguishing of expound the present invention and prior art.The present invention does not discuss part all can adopt prior art.Percentage composition of the present invention is weight ratio.
The present invention also provides a kind of production high-grade nickel alloy and stainless device, comprises molten minute stove (1), refines stove (16), stainless steel production unit (27); Refine stove (16) one sides and link to each other with a molten minute stove (1) by B-mode outlet (8), opposite side links to each other with stainless steel production unit (27) by ladle (26).
Preferably, a molten minute stove (1) comprising: slag notch (3), coaloust-oxygen gun A (4), coaloust-oxygen gun B (5), high-temperature coal tracheae (7), B-mode outlet (8).Slag notch (3) is positioned at the initial slag upper surface position, middle part of molten minute stove (1), 150-200mm place at the bottom of the slag, coaloust-oxygen gun A (4) is inserted into initial slag by the above furnace wall of the initial slag face in middle part of molten minute stove (1) bottom, coaloust-oxygen gun B (5) is inserted into the middle part of initial slag by the above furnace wall of the initial slag face in middle part of molten minute stove (1), high-temperature coal tracheae (7) is positioned at molten minute stove (1) top, and the bottom that B-mode outlet (8) is positioned at molten minute stove (1) links to each other with refinement stove (16).Preferably, coaloust-oxygen gun A (4), coaloust-oxygen gun B (5) are removable.Preferably, the top of B-mode outlet (8) is provided with an access cover (9), for maintenance.
Preferably, refining stove (16) comprising: refine stove oxygen rifle (10), refinement producer gas pipe (11), flux string tank (12), refine stove slag notch (13), refine stove tap hole (14), gas permeable brick (15).Refine stove oxygen rifle (10) and refine producer gas pipe (11) and be installed in the top of refining stove (16), flux string tank (12) is installed on the sidewall that refines stove (16) top, refining stove slag notch (13) is positioned on the middle part sidewall that refines stove (16), refine stove tap hole (14) and be positioned at the bottom of refining stove (16) sidewall, gas permeable brick (15) is installed in the bottom of refining stove (16).Preferably, those skilled in the art can be installed 1 to 8 gas permeable brick (15) according to the stove size in refinement stove (16) bottom 1/3 or 2/3 radial location or other position.Preferably, refine producer gas pipe (11) and link to each other with a molten minute stove high-temperature coal tracheae (7), keep refining stove (16) consistent with the furnace pressure of molten minute stove (1).
Preferably, described production high-grade nickel alloy and stainless device also comprise the high temperature charging system, and an end of high temperature charging system links to each other with molten minute stove (1) top by string tank (6).The high temperature charging system comprises successively: string tank (6), skip car (19), track (20), high temperature feed bin (21); Skip car (19) operates on the track (20); Preferably, string tank (6) is connected on the furnace wall on molten minute stove (1) top; The upper feeding mouth of high temperature feed bin (21) links to each other with reduction apparatus (22), and lower outlet outputs to the high temperature reduction ball in the skip car.Preferably, those skilled in the art can select 1 to 6 string tank (6) to be installed on molten minute stove (1) top furnace sidewall or the furnace roof according to the stove size.
Preferably, described production high-grade nickel alloy and stainless device also comprise slag handling system, and slag handling system links to each other with molten minute stove (1) middle part by slag notch (3).Slag handling system comprises: granulation water cooler (23), ball mill (24), magnetic separator (25).Granulation water cooler (23), ball mill (24), magnetic separator (25) link to each other successively; the melting and reducing slag that slag notch (3) is discharged passes through granulation water cooler (23), ball mill (24), magnetic separator (25) successively FeO in the slag and Fe
3O
4Iron compound is selected for ironmaking, and remaining slag is sent to the cement mill for the manufacture of cement.
Preferably, described production high-grade nickel alloy and stainless device also comprise reduction apparatus (22), and reduction apparatus (22) links to each other by high temperature feed bin (21) and high temperature charging system.The other end of reduction apparatus (22) links to each other with the gas reforming system by upgrading gas line (18).Reduction apparatus (22) can be the rotary kiln reduction furnace, or rotary hearth furnace (rotating bed) reduction furnace, or the reduction shaft furnace stove etc.Make pelletizing for raw materials such as reduction red soil nickel ores.
Preferably, described production high-grade nickel alloy and stainless device also comprise the gas reforming system, one end of gas reforming system links to each other with a molten minute stove (1) by high-temperature coal tracheae (7), and the other end links to each other with reduction apparatus (22) by upgrading gas line (18).The heat of the molten minute stove coal gas of high temperature (1400-1550 ℃) of gas reforming stove utilization makes the CO in the coal gas
2Generate CO with the coal reaction, obtain high-quality upgrading coal gas (650-800 ℃), send into the reduction apparatus reducting pellet, or be used for heater for rolling steel, surplus gas also can be used for generating.
Preferably, the NiCo alloy molten steel that technology and equipment of the present invention is produced is sent to stainless steel production unit (27) production by ladle (26) and contains nickel and stainless steel, the aquatic product cost of NiCo steel alloy is low, and the heat of NiCo alloy molten steel is efficiently utilized.
Advantage of the present invention is embodied in:
(1) be rich in the carbon material with coal dust etc. and make reductive agent or fuel, the high temperature reduction pelletizing of red soil nickel ore one-tenth made of stones is directly smelted thick NiCo alloy molten steel, production efficiency is high, heat obtains efficient fully application, comprehensive energy consumption is low, and production cost is low, and effects of energy saving and emission reduction is remarkable.
(2) realized thick NiCo alloy molten steel by the selective oxidation process for extracting, make NiCo content reach 20～85% or refine NiCo content greater than 87.0% alloy molten steel, direct heat is blended into the production of stainless steel production unit and contains nickel and stainless steel, and heat is efficiently utilized.
(3) to refine the nickeliferous stainless equipment of NiCo alloy production simple in the present invention, with traditional mineral hot furnace method than energy-conservation more than 50%, reduce discharging approximately more than 50%, be easy to realize serialization and the automatically control of producing, furnace campaign was more than 20 years; Production cost reduces more than 1/3.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is block diagram of the present invention.Wherein: 1: molten minute stove, 3: slag notch, 4: coaloust-oxygen gun A; 5: coaloust-oxygen gun B oxygen rifle, 6: string tank, 7: the high-temperature coal tracheae; 8: B-mode outlet, 9: access cover, 10: refine stove oxygen rifle; 11: refine the producer gas pipe, 12: flux string tank, 13: refine the stove slag notch; 14: refine the stove tap hole, 15: gas permeable brick, 16: refine stove; 17: gas reforming stove, 18: upgrading gas pipe, 19: skip car; 20: track; 21: high temperature batch can, 22: reduction apparatus, 23: the granulation water cooler; 24: ball mill; 25: magnetic separator, 26: ladle, 27: the stainless steel production unit.
Embodiment
Following examples are to further specify of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1:
Raw material: red soil nickel ore is processed into pelletizing; Be rich in the carbon material: blue powdered carbon; Pelletizing reduction apparatus: rotary hearth furnace.
The composition of red soil nickel ore, Ni:1.8%, Co:0.1%, Fe:14.5%, Cr
2O
3: 1.1%, MgO:23.5%, Mn:0.5%, SiO
2: 43.0%, Al
2O
3: 1.1%, CaO:0.2%, P:0.09%, S:0.055%.All the other are moisture.
The present invention proposes a kind of low-grade laterite nickel ore that utilizes and makes reducting pellet generation product high-grade nickel alloy and stainless processing method.At first form the initial slag of 800mm and the dark iron bath of 700mm in the molten minute stove; The raw materials such as red soil nickel ore are made pelletizing, pelletizing obtains high temperature reduction pelletizing (1150 ℃) through reduction furnace, by high temperature reduction pelletizing weight 7% flux (flux be lime and rhombspar mixture, the ratio of lime and rhombspar is 2: 1) add a molten minute stove; Carbon material and oxygen are rich in the 200mm place winding-up at the bottom of the slag of coaloust-oxygen gun A is inserted into initial slag by the furnace wall more than the initial slag face bottom, be rich in carbon material and oxygen proportion for keep more than needed 10% to be rich in the carbon material not burned; Coaloust-oxygen gun B is rich in carbon material and oxygen by the middle part winding-up that the furnace wall more than the initial slag face is inserted into initial slag, be rich in carbon material and oxygen proportion for keep more than needed 5.0% to be rich in the carbon material not burned, the high temperature that produces becomes liquid state to the high temperature red soil nickel ore reducting pellet that adds with flux melts; The slag temperature is controlled at 1500 ℃ and obtains liquid thick NiCo alloy molten steel, NiCo content 21.42%, C content 1.38%, P content 0.047%, S content 0.023%, silicone content 0.23%, manganese content 0.58%, chromium content 2.54%, iron level 73.78%.The NiCo alloy molten steel that thick NiCo alloy molten steel is produced NiCo content 85.92%, C content 0.009%, phosphorus content 0.007%, sulphur content 0.007%, silicone content 0.005%, manganese content 0.009%, chromium content 0.093%, iron level 13.95% through oxidation refining technique and the device of the present invention's proposition, direct heat is blended into electric furnace and produces stainless steel, and heat obtains efficient fully application.FeO, Fe in the molten minute stove slag
3O
4With refine FeO in the stove slag and come out of the stove afterwards by shrend and granulation cooling with slag, cooled slag goes out FeO and Fe through fine grinding, high intensity magnetic separation again
3O
4Be used for ironmaking, waste residue is for the production of cement.Molten minute stove coal gas of high temperature utilizes high temperature (1450 ℃) heat of coal gas to make the CO in the coal gas through the gas reforming stove
2Generate CO with the coal reaction, obtain high-quality upgrading coal gas (750 ℃), send into the reduction furnace reducting pellet, or be used for heater for rolling steel, surplus gas also can be used for generating.
The invention provides a kind of low-grade laterite nickel ore that utilizes and make reducting pellet generation product high-grade nickel alloy and stainless device.Comprise that molten minute stove 1, refinement stove 16, high temperature charging system, slag handling system, reduction apparatus, gas reforming system, stainless steel production unit form.Molten minute stove 1 bottom links to each other with refinement stove 16 by B-mode outlet 8; Molten minute stove 1 middle part links to each other with slag handling system by slag notch 3; Molten minute stove 1 top links to each other with the high temperature charging system by string tank 6; Refine stove 16 1 sides and link to each other with a molten minute stove 1 by B-mode outlet 8, opposite side links to each other with stainless steel smelting equipment 29 by ladle 28; One end of gas reforming system links to each other with a molten minute stove by high-temperature coal tracheae 7, and the other end links to each other with reduction apparatus 22 by upgrading gas line 18; High temperature charging system one end links to each other with a molten minute stove 1 by string tank 6, and the other end links to each other with reduction apparatus 22 by high temperature feed bin 21.
A molten minute stove 1 comprises: slag notch 3, coaloust-oxygen gun A (4), coaloust-oxygen gun B (5), high-temperature coal tracheae 7, B-mode outlet 8.Slag notch 3 is positioned at the initial slag upper surface position, middle part of molten minute stove 1,150-200mm place at the bottom of the slag, coaloust-oxygen gun A (4) is inserted into initial slag by the furnace wall more than the initial slag face in middle part of molten minute stove 1 bottom, coaloust-oxygen gun B (5) is inserted into the middle part of initial slag by the furnace wall more than the initial slag face in middle part of molten minute stove 1, high-temperature coal tracheae 7 is positioned at molten minute stove 1 top, and the bottom that B-mode outlet 8 is positioned at molten minute stove 1 links to each other with refinement stove 16.It is angular distribution that coaloust-oxygen gun A (4) installs 3, coaloust-oxygen gun B (5) installs 3 up and down two-layer journey 120 degree; Coaloust-oxygen gun A (4), coaloust-oxygen gun B (5) are removable.The top of B-mode outlet 8 is provided with an access cover 9, for maintenance.
Refining stove 16 comprises: refine stove oxygen rifle 10, refinement producer gas pipe 11, flux string tank 12, refine stove slag notch 13, refine stove tap hole 14, gas permeable brick 15.Refine stove oxygen rifle 10 and refine producer gas pipe 11 and be installed in the top of refining stove 16, flux string tank 12 is installed on the sidewall that refines stove 16 tops, refining stove slag notch 13 is positioned on the middle part sidewall that refines stove 16, refine stove tap hole 14 and be positioned at the bottom of refining stove 16 sidewalls, gas permeable brick 15 is installed in the bottom of refining stove 16.Refining 6 gas permeable bricks 15 of the symmetrical installation of stove 16 bottoms 1/3 radial location.Refine producer gas pipe 11 and link to each other with a molten minute stove high-temperature coal tracheae 7, keep refining stove 16 consistent with the furnace pressure of molten minute stove 1.
The high temperature charging system comprises successively: string tank 6, skip car 19, track 20, high temperature feed bin 21; Skip car 19 operates on the track 20; String tank 6 is connected on the furnace wall on molten minute stove 1 top; Feeding mouth links to each other with reduction apparatus 22 on the high temperature feed bin 21, and lower outlet outputs to the high temperature reduction ball in the skip car.2 string tanks 6 are installed on the molten minute stove 1 top furnace sidewall.
Slag handling system comprises: granulation water cooler 23, ball mill 24, magnetic separator 25.Abrasive grit 30, slag 31.Granulation water cooler 23, ball mill 24, magnetic separator 25 link to each other successively, and the melting and reducing slag that slag notch 3 is discharged passes through granulation water cooler 23, ball mill 24, magnetic separator 25 successively FeO in the slag and Fe
3O
4Iron compound is selected for ironmaking, and remaining slag is sent to the cement mill for the manufacture of cement.
Reduction apparatus 22 is rotary hearth furnaces.
The NiCo alloy molten steel that technology and equipment of the present invention is produced is sent to 29 productions of stainless steel production unit by ladle 28 and contains nickel and stainless steel, and the aquatic product cost of NiCo steel alloy is low, and the heat of NiCo alloy molten steel is efficiently utilized.
Embodiment 2:
Raw material: red soil nickel ore is processed into pelletizing; Be rich in the carbon material: coal dust; Pelletizing reduction apparatus: kiln.
The composition of red soil nickel ore, Ni:1.5%, Co:0.2%, Fe:45.0%, Cr
2O
3: 3.0%, MgO:4.0%, Mn:0.8%, SiO
2: 21.0%, Al
2O
3: 1.6%, CaO:0.1%, P:0.08%, S:0.06%.
The raw materials such as red soil nickel ore are made pelletizing, obtain high temperature reduction pelletizing (1150 ℃) at rotary kiln, by high temperature reduction pelletizing weight 8% flux (flux be lime and rhombspar mixture, lime and rhombspar ratio are 5: 3) add a molten minute stove; Coaloust-oxygen gun A be rich in carbon material and oxygen proportion for keep more than needed 12% to be rich in the carbon material not burned; Coaloust-oxygen gun B winding-up be rich in carbon material and oxygen proportion for keep more than needed 3.0% to be rich in the carbon material not burned; The slag temperature is controlled at 1550 ℃ and obtains liquid thick NiCo alloy molten steel, NiCo content 11.54%, C content 1.5%, P content 0.027%, S content 0.013%, silicone content 0.07%, manganese content 0.55%, chromium content 4.11%, iron level 82.19%.The NiCo alloy molten steel that thick NiCo alloy molten steel is produced NiCo content 40.637%, C content 0.003%, phosphorus content 0.0041%, sulphur content 0.0034%, silicone content 0.0035%, manganese content 0.007%, chromium content 0.347%, iron level 58.995% through oxidation refining technique and the device of the present invention's proposition, direct heat is blended into electric furnace and produces stainless steel.
Refining respectively 4 and 3 gas permeable bricks 15 of symmetrical installation of stove 16 bottoms 1/3 and 2/3 radial location; 3 string tanks 6 are installed on the molten minute stove 1 top furnace sidewall.
Other are with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3:
Raw material: red soil nickel ore is processed into pelletizing; Be rich in the carbon material: coke powder; Pelletizing reduction apparatus: shaft furnace.
The composition of red soil nickel ore, Ni:1.2%, Co:0.1%, Fe:50.0%, Cr
2O
3: 3.5%, MgO:5.0%, Mn:1.5%, SiO
2: 17.0%, Al
2O
3: 1.0%, CaO:0.3%, P:0.07%, S:0.045%, moisture content scaling loss 20.27%.
The raw materials such as red soil nickel ore are made pelletizing, obtain high temperature reduction pelletizing (1150 ℃) at shaft furnace, by high temperature reduction pelletizing weight 5% flux (flux be lime and rhombspar mixture, lime and rhombspar ratio are 1.5: 1) add a molten minute stove; Coaloust-oxygen gun A be rich in carbon material and oxygen proportion for keep more than needed 10% to be rich in the carbon material not burned; Coaloust-oxygen gun B winding-up be rich in carbon material and oxygen proportion for keep more than needed 3.0% to be rich in the carbon material not burned; The slag temperature is controlled at 1550 ℃ and obtains liquid thick NiCo alloy molten steel, NiCo content 7.48%, C content 1.284%, P content 0.023%, S content 0.012%, silicone content 0.087%, manganese content 0.58%, chromium content 2.92%, iron level 87.61%.The NiCo alloy molten steel that thick NiCo alloy molten steel is produced NiCo content 28.158%, C content 0.0025%, phosphorus content 0.0029%, sulphur content 0.0024%, silicone content 0.0024%, manganese content 0.0048%, chromium content 0.239%, iron level 71.588% through oxidation refining technique and the device of the present invention's proposition, direct heat is blended into electric furnace and produces stainless steel.
Other are with embodiment 2.
Claims (10)
1. one kind is utilized low-grade laterite nickel ore to make the reducting pellet method to produce stainless processing method, comprise the following steps:
1) at first forms the initial slag of 600-700mm and the dark iron bath of 500mm in the molten minute stove;
2) flux of high temperature reduction pelletizing and 5-15% part by weight adds molten minute stove; Described high temperature reduction pelletizing is: red soil nickel ore, be rich in carbon material reductive agent, binding agent, lime and make pelletizing, pelletizing reduces through reduction apparatus, obtains 1100-1250 ℃ high temperature reduction pelletizing; The described carbon material reductive agent that is rich in is selected from: coal dust, blue carbon dust or coke powder; Described binding agent is selected from: wilkinite or organic binder bond;
3) carbon material and oxygen are rich in the 150-200mm place winding-up at the bottom of the slag of the coaloust-oxygen gun A bottom that is inserted into initial slag by the furnace wall more than the initial slag face, be rich in carbon material and oxygen proportion for keep 5-15% more than needed to be rich in the carbon material not burned, keep the reductibility of slag; Coaloust-oxygen gun B is rich in carbon material and oxygen by the middle part winding-up that the furnace wall more than the initial slag face is inserted into initial slag, be rich in carbon material and oxygen proportion for keep 1.0-10% more than needed to be rich in the carbon material not burned, the high temperature that produces becomes liquid state to the high temperature reduction pelletizing that adds and keeps the reductibility of slag with flux melts; The slag temperature is controlled at 1400-1600 ℃ and obtains liquid thick NiCo alloy molten steel;
4) liquid thick NiCo alloy molten steel continuously flows into the refinement stove by the B-mode outlet of molten minute stove, and in the refinement stove, add flux, be blown into oxygen by the gas permeable brick that refines furnace bottom or the refinement stove oxygen rifle on top, make Si, C, Mn, Cr, Fe, P element in the liquid thick NiCo alloy molten steel oxidized and enter in the slag, obtain high NiCo content alloy molten steel;
5) require high NiCo steel alloy water constituent is adjusted to desired scope according to the stainless steel composition, direct heat is blended into electric furnace and produces stainless steel;
6) the gas reforming stove utilizes the heat of 1400-1550 ℃ of molten minute stove coal gas of high temperature to make CO in the coal gas
2Generate CO with the coal reaction, obtain 650-800 ℃ of high-quality upgrading coal gas, send into the reduction apparatus reducting pellet, or be used for heater for rolling steel, surplus gas also is used for generating, and waste heat is fully used.
2. the stainless processing method of production as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the Fe in the molten minute in-furnace slag
2O
3Be reduced into FeO and Fe
3O
4, slag is come out of the stove rear by shrend and granulation cooling, and the slag of cooling goes out FeO and Fe through fine grinding, high intensity magnetic separation again
3O
4Be used for ironmaking, waste residue is for the production of cement.
3. the stainless processing method of production as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the described thick NiCo alloy molten steel of step 3), composition is: Ni+Co content 8.0～23.0%, C content 1.0～2.0%, phosphorus content＜0.06%, sulphur content＜0.05%, silicone content 0.1～0.3%, manganese content 0.3～0.8%, chromium content 1.5～4.5%, iron level 75.0～87.0%; Above-mentioned each composition sum is 100%;
The described high NiCo content alloy molten steel of step 4), composition is: Ni+Co content 30.0～87.0%, C content 0.003～0.009%, phosphorus content＜0.008%, sulphur content＜0.007%, silicone content 0.001～0.005%, manganese content 0.003～0.01%, chromium content 0.01～0.05%, iron level 12.0～68.0%, above-mentioned each composition sum is 100%.
4. the stainless processing method of production as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the described carbon material that is rich in of step 3) is coal dust, coke powder or blue powdered carbon; The described flux of step 4) is selected from one or more in lime, fluorite, the rhombspar.
5. produce stainless device for one kind, comprise molten minute stove (1), refine stove (16), stainless steel production unit (27); Refine stove (16) one sides and link to each other with a molten minute stove (1) by B-mode outlet (8), opposite side links to each other with stainless steel production unit (27) by ladle (26);
A stove (1) comprising in molten minute: slag notch (3), coaloust-oxygen gun A(4), coaloust-oxygen gun B(5), high-temperature coal tracheae (7), B-mode outlet (8); Slag notch (3) is positioned at the initial slag upper surface position, middle part of molten minute stove (1), coaloust-oxygen gun A(4) 150-200mm place at the bottom of the slag, the bottom that is inserted into initial slag by the above furnace wall of the initial slag face in middle part of molten minute stove (1), coaloust-oxygen gun B(5) is inserted into the middle part of initial slag by the above furnace wall of the initial slag face in middle part of molten minute stove (1), high-temperature coal tracheae (7) is positioned at molten minute stove (1) top, and the bottom that B-mode outlet (8) is positioned at molten minute stove (1) links to each other with refinement stove (16); Coaloust-oxygen gun A(4), be removable coaloust-oxygen gun B(5); The top of B-mode outlet (8) is provided with an access cover (9);
Refining stove (16) comprising: refine stove oxygen rifle (10), refinement producer gas pipe (11), flux string tank (12), refine stove slag notch (13), refine stove tap hole (14) and gas permeable brick (15); Refine stove oxygen rifle (10) and refine producer gas pipe (11) and be installed in the top of refining stove (16), flux string tank (12) is installed on the sidewall that refines stove (16) top, refining stove slag notch (13) is positioned on the middle part sidewall that refines stove (16), refine stove tap hole (14) and be positioned at the bottom of refining stove (16) sidewall, gas permeable brick (15) is installed in the bottom of refining stove (16); Refining stove (16) bottom 1/3 or 2/3 radial location or other position installation 1 to 8 gas permeable brick (15); Refining producer gas pipe (11) links to each other with a molten minute stove high-temperature coal tracheae (7).
6. the stainless device of production as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, described device also comprises the high temperature charging system, and an end of high temperature charging system links to each other with molten minute stove (1) top by string tank (6); The high temperature charging system comprises successively: string tank (6), skip car (19), track (20), high temperature feed bin (21); Skip car (19) operates on the track (20); String tank (6) is connected on the furnace wall on molten minute stove (1) top; The upper feeding mouth of high temperature feed bin (21) links to each other with reduction apparatus (22), and lower outlet outputs to the high temperature reduction ball in the skip car.
7. the stainless device of production as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, 1 to 6 string tank (6) is installed on molten minute stove (1) top furnace sidewall or the furnace roof.
8. the stainless device of production as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, described device also comprises slag handling system, and slag handling system links to each other with molten minute stove (1) middle part by slag notch (3); Slag handling system comprises: granulation water cooler (23), ball mill (24), magnetic separator (25); Granulation water cooler (23), ball mill (24), magnetic separator (25) link to each other successively.
9. the stainless device of production as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, described device also comprises reduction apparatus (22), and reduction apparatus (22) links to each other by high temperature feed bin (21) and high temperature charging system; Reduction apparatus (22) the other end links to each other with the gas reforming system by upgrading gas line (18); Reduction apparatus (22) is selected from the rotary kiln reduction furnace, or rotary hearth furnace, or the reduction shaft furnace stove.
10. the stainless device of production as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, described device also comprises the gas reforming system, one end of gas reforming system links to each other with a molten minute stove (1) by high-temperature coal tracheae (7), and the other end links to each other with reduction apparatus (22) by upgrading gas line (18).
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| CN102564130B (en) * | 2012-01-21 | 2014-05-07 | 胡长春 | Continuous temperature control smelting system integrating rotary kiln with melting furnace |
| CN102925610A (en) * | 2012-10-22 | 2013-02-13 | 西安桃园冶金设备工程有限公司 | Electricity-coal process melting and reduction ironmaking technology |
| CN103436698A (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2013-12-11 | 徐伟 | Method for directly reducing laterite-nickel ore to produce ferronickel alloy |
| CN108441638A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-08-24 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | A kind of the molten of vanadium slag useless absolutely divides processing method, vanadium slag and vanadic anhydride |
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| CN101838747A (en) * | 2009-12-30 | 2010-09-22 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Smelting furnace for nickel-bearing laterite ore |
| CN101956038A (en) * | 2010-10-09 | 2011-01-26 | 董亚飞 | Process method and device for performing lower-carbon ironmaking and steelmaking through melting reduction of iron ore |
| CN102191348A (en) * | 2011-04-15 | 2011-09-21 | 董亚飞 | Technological method and device for producing high-grade nickel and stainless steel by using oxidized pellet method |
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| CN101838747A (en) * | 2009-12-30 | 2010-09-22 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Smelting furnace for nickel-bearing laterite ore |
| CN101956038A (en) * | 2010-10-09 | 2011-01-26 | 董亚飞 | Process method and device for performing lower-carbon ironmaking and steelmaking through melting reduction of iron ore |
| CN102191348A (en) * | 2011-04-15 | 2011-09-21 | 董亚飞 | Technological method and device for producing high-grade nickel and stainless steel by using oxidized pellet method |
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