CN101928800A - Method for directly reducing carbon-bearing ferromagnetic metal pellets by adopting sensible heat of raw gases - Google Patents
Method for directly reducing carbon-bearing ferromagnetic metal pellets by adopting sensible heat of raw gases Download PDFInfo
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- CN101928800A CN101928800A CN 201010256935 CN201010256935A CN101928800A CN 101928800 A CN101928800 A CN 101928800A CN 201010256935 CN201010256935 CN 201010256935 CN 201010256935 A CN201010256935 A CN 201010256935A CN 101928800 A CN101928800 A CN 101928800A
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Abstract
A method for directly reducing carbon-bearing ferromagnetic metal pellets by adopting sensible heat of raw gases is characterized by reducing the carbon-bearing ferromagnetic metal pellets at 800-1200 DEG C to produce the direct reduced ferromagnetic metals by taking the sensible heat of the raw gases produced by coal with ash fusion temperature at least 50 DEG C higher than the reduction temperature of direct reduced ferromagnetic metals as the heat source, taking a reduction shaft furnace also as a high-temperature granular bed deduster for the raw gases and taking the carbon-bearing ferromagnetic metal pellets also as the granular bed dedusting granules, and using the top gas produced from the reduction shaft furnace as the feed gas or gas for producing the chemical products after the top gas is purified. The method omits the processes of cooling and purifying the raw gases, recirculating and heating the reducing gases and reforming the reducing gases, saves the heat energy and can substantially improve the energy utilization efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of gasification of coal raw gas heat recovery method, specifically be a kind of method of utilizing gasification of coal sensible heat of raw gas direct heating reduction of carbonaceous ferromagnetic metal pellet, carbon containing ferromagnetic metal pellet of the present invention comprises carbon containing iron ball nodulizing, carbon containing nickel pellet and carbon containing cobalt pellet.
Background technology
201010124542.1 patent application discloses a kind of " utilizing sensible heat of raw gas to produce the method for direct-reduced iron ", be after one section dedusting, to send into the high temperature rough gas of coal gasification furnace output in the direct reduction shaft furnace, with the iron ore briquet in the direct reduction shaft furnace, the iron oxide pellet nodulizing, iron ore, and the iron ball nodulizing of parcel coal is done second section dedusting as the dedusting particle, in dust separating process, utilize high temperature reduction gas to produce direct-reduced iron, and utilize the reduced iron process to absorb heat, reduce the raw gas temperature, raw gas is discharged shaft furnace from direct reduction shaft furnace top, again through the 3rd section conventional dedusting, purify sulphur removal, use as the reducing gas of Coal Chemical Industry or gas turbine power generation and industrial combustion gas after the foreign gases such as removing carbon dioxide.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is further to enlarge the invention scope of 201010124542.1 patent applications, a kind of method of utilizing the direct reduction of carbonaceous ferromagnetic metal of sensible heat of raw gas pellet is provided.
The concrete grammar of realizing the object of the invention is:
A. the coal of selecting coal ash fusion temperature to be higher than at least 50 ℃ of direct-reduced iron magneticmetal reduction temperatures is raw material, produces raw gas in coal gasifier;
B. the raw gas of controlling output from coal gasifier is after first section dedusting of high temperature, be transported in the direct reduction shaft furnace that is filled with carbon containing ferromagnetic metal pellet by the bustle pipe that is located at the reduction shaft furnace middle part, the raw gas temperature that enters reduction shaft furnace is controlled at 800～1200 ℃;
C. the raw gas that enters direct reduction shaft furnace passes from the moving granular bed layer of being made up of the direct-reduced iron magneticmetal and the unreduced carbon containing ferromagnetic metal pellet of carbon containing ferromagnetic metal pellet ore reduction one-tenth, implement second section dedusting, at the dust separating carbon containing ferromagnetic metal pellet that heats simultaneously, produce the direct-reduced iron magneticmetal;
D. raw gas is given carbon containing ferromagnetic metal pellet with sensible heat transfer, it is reduced into ferromagnetic metal after, cool to 150～300 ℃, discharge reduction shaft furnace as the reduction shaft furnace top gas;
E. the top gas of Pai Chuing through the 3rd section electricity bag composite dedusting, removes H again
2S, SCO, CO
2Behind foreign gas and micro-coal tar, become the normal temperature reducing gas;
F. the normal temperature reducing gas is sent into the direct reduction shaft furnace from the top of shaft furnace hypomere discharge port, absorb the heat of reduced iron magneticmetal, the reductive ferromagnetic metal is cooled to below 300 ℃, go out the part dust from the bustle pipe bottom blowback of reduction shaft furnace middle part, and carry dust and discharge shaft furnace, the reducing gas of carrying heat reclaims the heat after through waste heat boiler and recycles;
G. refrigerative reduced iron magneticmetal is through bottom N
2Sealing gland discharge port or lock hopper discharging are come out of the stove after sieving out coal ash and reduced iron magneticmetal through airtight.
Wherein, carbon containing ferromagnetic metal pellet of the present invention comprises carbon containing iron ball nodulizing, carbon containing nickel pellet and carbon containing cobalt pellet.Further, described carbon containing iron ball nodulizing can be carbonaceous ferromegnetism polymetallic ore, as vanadium titano-magnetite, jacobsite, contain chromite etc., also can be carbon containing iron oxide pellet nodulizing.
The carbonaceous reducing agent that uses in the carbon containing ferromagnetic metal pellet of the present invention can be coal dust, coke powder, semi-coke powder, Graphite Powder 99 and carbon containing organic binder bond, and described carbon containing organic binder bond comprises that with the dregs of fat after tar, crude oil, pitch and the coal oil refining, humic acids, plastic waste etc. be the carbon containing organic binder bond that raw material is made.
The reason that the present invention utilizes the direct reduction of carbonaceous ferromagnetic metal of sensible heat of raw gas pellet to be achieved is: be furnished with carbonaceous reducing agent in carbon containing ferromagnetic metal pellet, after making that raw gas after the dedusting is given carbon containing ferromagnetic metal pellet with sensible heat transfer, carbon wherein generates the direct-reduced iron magneticmetal as the oxygen that reductive agent seizes in the iron oxide magnetic metallic ore.The dry distillation gas that raw gas and carbon containing ferromagnetic metal pellet produce in shaft furnace top retort section, the raw gas that reduces tail gas and have neither part nor lot in reduction reaction are together discharged shaft furnace as top gas from the shaft furnace furnace roof.If the required reductive agent consumption in the carbonaceous reducing agent of joining in the carbon containing ferromagnetic metal pellet and reduced iron magneticmetal ore deposit equates, then participate in the H of reduction reaction in the raw gas
2With the coal pyrolysis gas CH that has neither part nor lot in reduction reaction in the heat of CO and the carbon containing ferromagnetic metal pellet
4, H
2, CO etc. heat equate substantially.Promptly owing to add and joined carbonaceous reducing agent in the pelletizing, make behind the contained heat of chemical ingredients in the raw gas and the direct-reduced iron magneticmetal ore deposit that the contained heat of chemical ingredients equates substantially in the top gas.Production direct-reduced iron magneticmetal has just utilized the sensible heat in the gasification of coal raw gas.In like manner, if the mixed carbon comtent of carbon containing ferromagnetic metal pellet does not reach the required carbon amount of reduced iron magneticmetal, then want the reductive agent in the raw gas to replenish; If the mixed carbon comtent of carbon containing ferromagnetic metal pellet surpasses the required carbon amount of reduced iron magneticmetal, then utilize the oxidizing gas decomposition carbon wherein in the raw gas, increase the reducing gas in the top gas, or some carbon remains in the direct-reduced iron.
Utilize the condition of sensible heat of raw gas direct-reduced iron pit coal pelletizing to satisfy 201010124542.1 patent application is thought: the coal that a. selects coal ash fusion temperature to be higher than at least 200 ℃ of direct-reduced iron reduction temperatures is raw material, produces raw gas in coal gasifier; B. the raw gas temperature of controlling output from coal gasifier, is transported in the direct reduction shaft furnace that is filled with the iron ore briquet by the bustle pipe that is located at the reduction shaft furnace middle part after first section dedusting of high temperature at 1000～1100 ℃; C. the raw gas that enters reduction shaft furnace passes from iron ore briquet moving granular bed layer, and through second section dedusting of iron ore briquet moving granular bed, and heating iron ore briquet is to produce direct-reduced iron.
Yet, we further discover: a. is because the technique means raising of control coal gasifier raw gas temperature, the coal that coal ash fusion temperature can be higher than at least 200 ℃ of reduction temperatures, changing the coal that coal ash fusion temperature is higher than at least 50 ℃ of direct-reduced iron magneticmetal reduction temperatures into is feed coal; B. because chemical ingredients difference, the carbon content difference of carbon containing ferromagnetic metal pellet, cause softening temperature difference, reduction temperature difference, the temperature of reduction shaft furnace reduction section should be controlled at 800～1200 ℃ according to the difference of different carbon containing ferromagnetic metals ore deposit raw material softening temperature; Though c. the iron ore briquet directly reduces and has the desulfurization phenomenon, because the H in the raw gas
2Content 〉=20%, can be used for removing the sulphur in ferromagnetic metal ore deposit, reductive agent and the binding agent, therefore, the scope that can enlarge reductive agent is a carbonaceous reducing agent: the dregs of fat after coal dust, coke powder, semi-coke powder, Graphite Powder 99 and carbon containing organic binder bond tar, crude oil, pitch and the coal oil refining, humic acids, plastic waste etc.D. direct-reduced iron generally is that to select the higher-grade iron ore of ferrous grade 〉=67% or iron ore concentrate for use be raw material, and employing the inventive method, can use the powdered iron ore and the iron ore concentrate of 8～71% grades to do raw material, 〉=67% higher-grade iron ore or iron ore concentrate are that the direct-reduced iron that raw material is made can be directly used in steel-making, ≤ 67% low-grade iron ore powder or iron ore concentrate are the carbon containing iron ball nodulizing elder generation direct-reduced iron that raw material is made, again abrasive dust, magneticly elect reduced iron powder, behind cold pressing block, be used further to steel-making.
It is with the double raw gas grain bed hot precipitator of doing of direct reduction shaft furnace that the present invention utilizes the method for the direct reduction of carbonaceous ferromagnetic metal of sensible heat of raw gas pellet, with the double moving granular bed dedusting particle of doing of the carbon containing ferromagnetic metal pellet in the shaft furnace, coproduction direct-reduced iron magneticmetal in to the dust separating process of high temperature rough gas, in shaft furnace, finish simultaneously and utilize sensible heat, the reduced iron magneticmetal, cooling, dedusting, reduce by 5 functions of gas pressure in the reduction shaft furnace, the stock gas of output is used for the unstripped gas or the combustion gas of production chemical product after purifying from reduction shaft furnace.With the raw gas chilling technology relatively, it is about 9.23% effectively to improve coal comprehensive utilization of energy efficient, with the waste heat boiler generating relatively, improve about 6%.The present invention and coal system reducing gas gas base method direct-reduced iron technology have relatively been cancelled the flow process that raw gas cooling, purification, recirculation add thermal reduction gas; Produce direct-reduced iron technology relatively with pyrolysis of natural gas system reducing gas gas base method, cancelled reducing gas reformate flow and reducing gas circulation heating procedure, therefore saved heat energy.
Sensible heat of raw gas accounts for 13% of gasification of coal calorific value, the utilizable sensible heat of technology of the present invention about 71%, because of having cancelled flow processs such as raw gas cooling, purification, reheat reducing gas and reformation, process energy consumption is 8.9GJ/t.Fe only, MIDREX and the HYL-III gas base method direct-reduced iron process energy consumption 11.0GJ/t.Fe also low 2.1GJ/t.Fe minimum than the ironmaking energy consumption can not reduce raw gas chemical heat energy (H
2+ coproduction direct-reduced iron when CO), not influencing production Coal Chemical Industry product or generated energy can low-costly be recycled CO
2, H
2S, SCO realize cleaning production.
The present invention can gasification of coal be a beginning of production, the enterprise of Coal Chemical Industry, electric power, iron and steel, industry such as coloured is utilized by thermal energy step in the same area principle is inter-trade joins together.Coal chemical industry enterprises can improve utilization efficiency of heat energy about 9.23% with the Quench ratio, coal fired power generation is if change combustion and steam combined cycle generation (IGCC) into, improve utilization efficiency of heat energy about 16% than coal-fired small generators group, than energy-conservation 〉=50% of blast furnace iron-making process (containing ironmaking, coking, sintering), can realize the lifting significantly of efficiency of energy utilization.
The present invention is with the double grain bed fly-ash separator of doing of direct reduction shaft furnace, the double dedusting particle of doing in the grain bed fly-ash separator of carbon containing ferromagnetic metal pellet, high temperature rough gas is sent into heating carbon containing ferromagnetic metal pellet in the direct reduction shaft furnace, other the many metallic irons magnetic ore deposit that is used for direct-reduced iron, nickel, cobalt and reclaims carbon containing ferromagnetic metal pellet.Characteristics of the present invention are to have adopted three sections continuous dedustings in recycling raw gas during contained sensible heat, and first section with dust setting chamber, baffle plate, tornado dust collector high-temperature dust removal, remove in the raw gas than coarse particles; Second section is utilized reduced iron magneticmetal and the dedusting of carbon containing ferromagnetic metal pellet grain bed in reduction shaft furnace; Dedusting in the 3rd section scavenging process after the top gas of reduction shaft furnace cooling.
One of feature of the present invention: coal gasifier is turned down 50 ℃ with the soft heat point of ash content of coal by being higher than 200 ℃ of reduction temperatures, with the not soft heat of ash content of coal in the raw gas, non-caked equipment, pipeline, carbon containing ferromagnetic metal pellet, reduced iron magneticmetal and reduction shaft furnace are principle, have enlarged the scope that can utilize coal.
Two of feature of the present invention: the ferrous grade of carbon containing iron ball nodulizing is 8～71%.Wherein the direct-reduced iron made from the iron ore and the iron ore concentrate of ferrous grade 〉=67% can be directly used in steel-making; The fine iron breeze of ferrous grade＜67%, powdered iron ore are joined carbon and are made carbon containing iron ball nodulizing, and the direct-reduced iron of production does not reach the steelmaking quality requirement, need through abrasive dust-magnetic separation-reduced iron powder-briquetting, produce the direct-reduced iron briquetting and are used further to steel-making.Its meaning is: a large amount of low-grade hematite (Fe of fine granularity
2O
3) owing to there is not magnetic, belong to refractory iron ore, can adopt the present invention elder generation reduction of iron ore, make direct-reduced iron produce magnetic, remove slag through mill ore magnetic selection again, produce the direct-reduced iron powder, produce the direct-reduced iron briquetting that is used to make steel through briquetting again, a large amount of unserviceable low-grade fine granularity rhombohedral iron ore utilizations of resources can be got up like this.The mixed carbon comtent of carbon containing iron ball nodulizing is generally 0～20% according to ferrous grade and production engineering specifications.
Three of feature of the present invention: compare with gas base method direct-reduced iron production technique, raw gas is behind reduction shaft furnace dedusting and reduction of carbonaceous ferromagnetic metal pellet, not recirculation of reducing gas heating after the purification is used for reduction shaft furnace and produces the direct-reduced iron magneticmetal, has subdued heating cycle reducing gas and thermo-cracking CH
4Energy consumption.
Four of feature of the present invention: utilize the Coal Chemical Industry gas purification process low cost to recycle CO
2, H
2S, SCO isothermal chamber gas are realized cleaner production.The CO of Hui Shouing wherein
2The agent delivery that can be used for powder coal gasification furnace fine coal, this portion C O
2Can recycle.
Five of feature of the present invention: there is first selective reduction gas (H in the ferromagnetic metal ore deposit in reduction process
2+ CO) in H
2Phenomenon.This is because H
2Activity be higher than CO, Theoretical Calculation H
2Reduction efficiency exceed 14 times than CO.Therefore, adopt the present invention can realize utilizing oxidation of coal to heat up and produce raw gas, high temperature rough gas heating carbon containing iron ball nodulizing, the double grain bed dedusting particle of doing of the carbon containing iron ball nodulizing of carbon containing＜15% can be used the H in the raw gas
2Reduction of iron ore.If adopt iron ore block, iron ball nodulizing, can use H
2Reduction of iron ore, the CO in the top gas are used for combustion and steam combined cycle generation (IGCC generating).Therefore, the coal utilization efficiency of heat energy can further improve.
Six of feature of the present invention: can recycle other metal in many metallic irons magnetic ore deposit.With the vanadium titano-magnetite is example, after directly reducing, Sichuan Province dragon boa group rotary hearth furnace carbon containing iron ball nodulizing melts division technique with the dark reduction of electric furnace, reclaim vanadium, titanium, iron, chromium in the vanadium titano-magnetite, the whole process rate of recovery reaches the level of vanadium 86%, titanium 99%, iron 97%, chromium 80%.We replace rotary hearth furnace to produce direct-reduced iron with raw gas iron ore moving granular bed high-temperature dust removal shaft furnace coproduction direct-reduced iron, can save heat energy, improve single stove direct-reduced iron output; In like manner, can utilize the present invention to recycle niobium and rare earth in the Baiyunebo iron mine; In like manner, can reclaim and have ferromagnetic ferromagnetic metal element nickel and cobalt, the smart powder of mineral nickel or the nickel-bearing laterite that will contain nickel are made carbon containing nickel pellet, utilize production of the present invention to contain the pelletizing of direct reduced nickel, isolate direct reduced nickel powder through abrasive dust-magnetic separation; In like manner, can cobalt smart powder or contain the cobalt ore powder and make carbon containing cobalt pellet utilizes production of the present invention to contain the pelletizing of direct reduction cobalt, isolates direct reduction cobalt powder through abrasive dust-magnetic separation.
Seven of feature of the present invention: the powdered iron ore or the phosphorous iron ore concentrate that can utilize phosphorous 〉=0.4%.Phosphorous high iron ore can not utilize because of blast furnace iron-making process is unfavorable for dephosphorization at present.Utilize the present invention, the first step is made carbon containing iron ball nodulizing with the high-phosphorus iron ore powder and is produced direct-reduced iron, with the direct-reduced iron abrasive dust, after reduced iron is isolated in magnetic separation again, phosphorus oxide is discharged with slag, but the secondary dephosphorization under molten branch oxidizing atmosphere of 80～90%, second step of dephosphorization, the 3rd step dephosphorization again in steelmaking process can make the high-phosphorus iron ore resource that is difficult to utilize obtain utilizing.
Eight of feature of the present invention: according to experiment, the carbonaceous pelletizing reduction temperature reaches 1100 ℃, mixed carbon comtent 15%, and 0.5 hour recovery time, reduction ratio can reach＞and 80%; 3 hours recovery times, reduction ratio can reach 〉=and 90%.Therefore, the recovery time in reduction shaft furnace should be at 0.5～4 hour.
Nine of feature of the present invention:, also can directly raw gas be docked with direct reduction shaft furnace without first section dedusting if coal gasification furnace is selected clean fine coal for use.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Adopt carbon containing iron ball nodulizing to do the dedusting particle.Raw gas is come out of the stove from coal gasifier, temperature reaches 1050～1150 ℃, coal ash fusion temperature＞1200 ℃, raw gas oxidisability≤15%, pressure 0.1～4MPa, after first section baffle plate, ceramic tornado dust collector dedusting, the shaft furnace that carbon containing iron ball nodulizing is used for producing direct-reduced iron is equipped with in input, and the granularity of carbon containing iron ball nodulizing is 10～50mm.Raw gas carries out second section dedusting in the reduction shaft furnace moving granular bed, reduction shaft furnace reduction section temperature remains on 1000～1100 ℃, raw gas is together discharged shaft furnace with reduction tail gas, coal pyrolysis gas behind the reduced iron from the shaft furnace top, and this moment, furnace top gas temperature was reduced to 150～200 ℃.Stock gas through compound the 3rd section dedusting of electricity bag, removes H again
2S, SOC, CO
2, H
2Behind the toxic and harmfuls such as O, use as combustion gas or material gas.Direct-reduced iron becomes product.Dust concentrates the back to use the S of recovery, CO as the building materials raw material
2Can be used as industrial chemicals uses.
Embodiment 2
The carbon containing iron ball nodulizing that adopts the vanadium titano-magnetite fine ore to make is done the dedusting particle.Raw gas is from the coal gasifier output, temperature 〉=1150 ℃, coal ash fusion temperature＞1300 ℃, oxidisability 〉=15%, pressure 0.25～4MPa, be blended into the top gas of reduction shaft furnace after the purification, the raw gas temperature is dropped to≤1150 ℃, oxidisability≤15% is after dust setting chamber, first section dedusting of ceramic tornado dust collector, import in the direct reduction shaft furnace of the carbon containing iron ball nodulizing that the making of vanadium titano-magnetite fine ore is housed, the granularity of carbon containing iron ball nodulizing is 10～50mm.Raw gas carries out second section dedusting in the reduction shaft furnace moving granular bed, reduction shaft furnace reduction section temperature remains on 1000～1100 ℃, raw gas behind the reduced iron is together discharged shaft furnace with reduction tail gas, coal pyrolysis gas from the reduction shaft furnace top, this moment, furnace top gas temperature was reduced to 150～200 ℃.Stock gas removes tar, removes H through compound the 3rd section dedusting of electricity bag
2S, SOC, CO
2, H
2Behind the toxic and harmfuls such as O, use as combustion gas or material gas.Dust concentrates the back to use the S of recovery, CO as the building materials raw material
2Use as industrial chemicals.Direct-reduced iron becomes product.The direct-reduced iron that contains vanadium-titanium-chromium needs to reclaim vanadium, titanium, iron, chromium molten the branch through the electric furnace drastic reduction again, or other technology reclaims vanadium, titanium, iron, chromium.
Embodiment 3
Adopt the fine iron breeze of iron ore grade≤67%, the carbon containing iron ball nodulizing that original ore powder (the low-grade fine granularity hematite powder that comprises ferrous grade 8～50%) is made to do the dedusting particle.Raw gas is from the coal gasifier output, temperature reaches 1050～1150 ℃, coal ash fusion temperature＞1200 ℃, raw gas oxidisability≤15%, pressure 0.25～4MPa, through first section dust setting chamber, baffle plate dedusting, import the carbon containing iron ball nodulizing that iron ore grade≤67% is housed and do in the dedusting particulate reduction shaft furnace; Raw gas pressure drops to 0.25～0.8MP, carbon containing iron ball nodulizing granularity 10～50mm.Raw gas carries out second section dedusting in the reduction shaft furnace moving granular bed, reduction shaft furnace reduction section temperature remains on 1000～1100 ℃, raw gas is together discharged shaft furnace with reduction tail gas, coal pyrolysis gas behind the reduced iron from the shaft furnace top, and this moment, furnace top gas temperature was reduced to 150～200 ℃.Stock gas through compound the 3rd section dedusting of electricity bag, removes H again
2S, SOC, CO
2, H
2Behind the toxic and harmfuls such as O, use as material gas or combustion gas.Dust concentrates the back to use the S of recovery, CO as the building materials raw material
2Use as industrial chemicals.The direct-reduced iron of producing does not reach the specification of quality of steel-making usefulness, needs to wear into powder through ball mill, selects reduced iron powder through wet magnetic separation again, and repressed one-tenth reduced iron pelletizing is used for steel-making.
Embodiment 4
With carbon containing iron ball nodulizing, iron ore is raw material and the dedusting particle of producing direct-reduced iron.Reach 800～1100 ℃ raw gas from coal gasifier output temperature, coal ash fusion temperature＞1200 ℃, raw gas oxidisability＜8%, pressure 0.25～4MPa, after first section dust setting chamber and tornado dust collector dedusting, carbon containing iron ball nodulizing is equipped with in input, iron ore is the shaft furnace that is used for producing direct-reduced iron of raw material; Send into the raw gas temperature of reduction shaft furnace and adjust to 800～1100 ℃, pressure drops to 0.25～0.8MPa, and the granularity of carbon containing iron ball nodulizing, iron ore is 10～50mm.Raw gas carries out second section dedusting in the reduction shaft furnace moving granular bed, the raw gas behind the reduced iron is together discharged shaft furnace with reduction tail gas, coal pyrolysis gas from the shaft furnace top, and this moment, furnace top gas temperature was reduced to 200～300 ℃.Stock gas through the 3rd section dedusting of cloth bag, removes H again
2S, SOC, CO
2, H
2Behind the toxic and harmfuls such as O, use as material gas or combustion gas.Direct-reduced iron becomes product.Dust concentrates the back to use as the building materials raw material.The S, the CO that reclaim
2Use as industrial chemicals.
Embodiment 5
Utilize iron different, make the carbon containing iron ball nodulizing of phosphorous 〉=0.4% with high-phosphorus iron ore with the reduction temperature of phosphorus.Identical with embodiment 3 with embodiment 1, the first step elder generation reduced iron is discharged phosphorus oxide and slag after reduced iron is isolated in ore grinding-magnetic separation, but dephosphorization 80～90%, second step secondary dephosphorization under the oxidizing atmosphere in the cupola furnace, the 3rd step dephosphorization in steelmaking process.
Embodiment 6
With carbon containing nickel pellet is raw material and the dedusting particle of producing direct reduced nickel.Raw gas is from the coal gasifier output, and temperature reaches 1000～1200 ℃, coal ash fusion temperature＞1300 ℃, raw gas oxidisability≤15%, pressure 0.25～4MPa through first section dust setting chamber, baffle plate dedusting, imports the carbon containing nickel pellet that nickel minerals grade 0～40% is housed and does in the dedusting particulate shaft furnace; Raw gas pressure drops to 0.25～0.8MP, and carbon containing nickel pellet granularity is 10～50mm.Raw gas carries out second section dedusting in the reduction shaft furnace moving granular bed, reduction shaft furnace reduction section temperature remains on 1000～1200 ℃, raw gas behind the reduced nickel is together discharged shaft furnace with reduction tail gas, coal pyrolysis gas from the shaft furnace top, this moment, furnace top gas temperature was reduced to 150～300 ℃.Stock gas through compound the 3rd section dedusting of electricity bag, removes H again
2S, SOC, CO
2, H
2Behind the toxic and harmfuls such as O, use as material gas or combustion gas.Dust concentrates the back to use the S of recovery, CO as the building materials raw material
2Use as industrial chemicals.The direct reduced nickel of producing does not reach the specification of quality of steel-making usefulness, needs to wear into powder through ball mill, selects reduced iron powder through magnetic separation again, and repressed one-tenth reduced nickel pelletizing is used for steel-making.Direct reduced nickel powder also can be made positive plate and be used to produce electrolytic nickel.
Embodiment 7
With carbon containing cobalt pellet serves as to produce the directly raw material and the dedusting particle of reduction cobalt.Raw gas is from the coal gasifier output, and temperature reaches 1000～1200 ℃, coal ash fusion temperature＞1300 ℃, raw gas oxidisability≤15%, pressure 0.25～4MPa through first section dust setting chamber, baffle plate dedusting, imports the carbon containing cobalt pellet that cobalt ore grade 0～40% is housed and does in the dedusting particulate shaft furnace; Raw gas pressure drops to 0.25～0.8MP, and carbon containing cobalt pellet granularity is 10～50mm.Raw gas carries out second section dedusting in the reduction shaft furnace moving granular bed, reduction shaft furnace reduction section temperature remains on 1000～1200 ℃, raw gas behind the reduction cobalt is together discharged shaft furnace with reduction tail gas, coal pyrolysis gas from the shaft furnace top, this moment, furnace top gas temperature was reduced to 150～300 ℃.Stock gas through compound the 3rd section dedusting of electricity bag, removes H again
2S, SOC, CO
2, H
2Behind the toxic and harmfuls such as O, use as material gas or combustion gas.Dust concentrates the back to use the S of recovery, CO as the building materials raw material
2Use as industrial chemicals.The direct reduction cobalt of producing does not reach specification of quality, needs to wear into powder through ball mill, selects the reduction cobalt powder through magnetic separation again.
Claims (6)
1. utilize the method for the direct reduction of carbonaceous ferromagnetic metal of sensible heat of raw gas pellet, may further comprise the steps:
A. the coal of selecting coal ash fusion temperature to be higher than at least 50 ℃ of direct-reduced iron magneticmetal reduction temperatures is raw material, produces raw gas in coal gasifier;
B. the raw gas of controlling output from coal gasifier is after first section dedusting of high temperature, be transported in the direct reduction shaft furnace that is filled with carbon containing ferromagnetic metal pellet by the bustle pipe that is located at the reduction shaft furnace middle part, the raw gas temperature that enters reduction shaft furnace is controlled at 800～1200 ℃;
C. the raw gas that enters direct reduction shaft furnace passes from the moving granular bed layer of being made up of the direct-reduced iron magneticmetal and the unreduced carbon containing ferromagnetic metal pellet of carbon containing ferromagnetic metal pellet ore reduction one-tenth, implement second section dedusting, at the dust separating carbon containing ferromagnetic metal pellet that heats simultaneously, produce the direct-reduced iron magneticmetal;
D. raw gas is given carbon containing ferromagnetic metal pellet with sensible heat transfer, it is reduced into ferromagnetic metal after, cool to 150～300 ℃, discharge reduction shaft furnace as the reduction shaft furnace top gas;
E. the top gas of Pai Chuing through the 3rd section electricity bag composite dedusting, removes H again
2S, SCO, CO
2Behind foreign gas and micro-coal tar, become the normal temperature reducing gas;
F. the normal temperature reducing gas is sent into the direct reduction shaft furnace from the top of shaft furnace hypomere discharge port, absorb the heat of direct-reduced iron magneticmetal, the reductive ferromagnetic metal is cooled to below 300 ℃, go out the part dust from the bustle pipe bottom blowback of reduction shaft furnace middle part, and carry dust and discharge shaft furnace, the reducing gas of carrying heat reclaims the heat after through waste heat boiler and recycles;
G. refrigerative reduced iron magneticmetal is through bottom N
2Sealing gland discharge port or lock hopper discharging are come out of the stove after sieving out coal ash and reduced iron magneticmetal through airtight.
2. the method for utilizing the direct reduction of carbonaceous ferromagnetic metal of sensible heat of raw gas pellet according to claim 1 is characterized in that described carbon containing ferromagnetic metal pellet is carbon containing iron ball nodulizing, carbon containing nickel pellet or carbon containing cobalt pellet.
3. the method for utilizing the direct reduction of carbonaceous ferromagnetic metal of sensible heat of raw gas pellet according to claim 2 is characterized in that described carbon containing iron ball nodulizing is carbonaceous many metallic irons magnetic ore deposit or carbon containing iron oxide pellet nodulizing.
4. the method for utilizing the direct reduction of carbonaceous ferromagnetic metal of sensible heat of raw gas pellet according to claim 3 is characterized in that described carbonaceous many metallic irons magnetic ore deposit is vanadium titano-magnetite, jacobsite, contains chromite.
5. the method for utilizing the direct reduction of carbonaceous ferromagnetic metal of sensible heat of raw gas pellet according to claim 1 is characterized in that the carbonaceous reducing agent that uses in the described carbon containing ferromagnetic metal pellet is coal dust, coke powder, semi-coke powder, Graphite Powder 99 and carbon containing organic binder bond.
6. the method for utilizing the direct reduction of carbonaceous ferromagnetic metal of sensible heat of raw gas pellet according to claim 5 is characterized in that described carbon containing organic binder bond is is the carbon containing organic binder bond that raw material is made with the dregs of fat, humic acids, plastic waste after tar, crude oil, pitch or the coal oil refining.
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| CN 201010256935 CN101928800A (en) | 2010-08-15 | 2010-08-15 | Method for directly reducing carbon-bearing ferromagnetic metal pellets by adopting sensible heat of raw gases |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103276131A (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2013-09-04 | 苏亚杰 | Comprehensive utilization process method of waste heat, residual pressure and residual gas of high-temperature raw gas |
| CN103421924A (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2013-12-04 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Fluidization laterite ore reducing method |
| CN103866118A (en) * | 2014-03-12 | 2014-06-18 | 内蒙古科技大学 | Polygeneration system and method for magnetization roasting of refractory iron ore |
| CN108546794A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-09-18 | 北京科技大学 | Waste plastics is to promote the method for iron ore reduction in a kind of solid waste of recycling city |
| CN110191967A (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2019-08-30 | 环境清洁技术有限公司 | Via the low temperature direct-reduction of the metal oxide in situ for generating reducibility gas |
| CN111621611A (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-09-04 | 北京科技大学 | Two-step method for efficiently separating iron and phosphorus from high-phosphorus iron-containing resource based on gas-based energy |
| WO2022077062A1 (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2022-04-21 | Roundhill IP Pty Ltd | Process of thermally treating minerals and apparatus therefor |
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| CN1118009A (en) * | 1995-06-23 | 1996-03-06 | 宝山钢铁(集团)公司 | Method for production of sponge iron by using gas-making shaft furnace method of coal-base melting bed |
| CN101787408A (en) * | 2010-03-12 | 2010-07-28 | 苏亚杰 | Method for producing direct reduced iron by utilizing sensible heat of raw gas |
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| CN1118009A (en) * | 1995-06-23 | 1996-03-06 | 宝山钢铁(集团)公司 | Method for production of sponge iron by using gas-making shaft furnace method of coal-base melting bed |
| CN101787408A (en) * | 2010-03-12 | 2010-07-28 | 苏亚杰 | Method for producing direct reduced iron by utilizing sensible heat of raw gas |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103276131A (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2013-09-04 | 苏亚杰 | Comprehensive utilization process method of waste heat, residual pressure and residual gas of high-temperature raw gas |
| CN103276131B (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2015-02-04 | 苏亚杰 | Comprehensive utilization process method of waste heat, residual pressure and residual gas of high-temperature raw gas |
| CN103421924A (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2013-12-04 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Fluidization laterite ore reducing method |
| CN103866118A (en) * | 2014-03-12 | 2014-06-18 | 内蒙古科技大学 | Polygeneration system and method for magnetization roasting of refractory iron ore |
| CN103866118B (en) * | 2014-03-12 | 2017-02-15 | 内蒙古科技大学 | Polygeneration system and method for magnetization roasting of refractory iron ore |
| CN110191967A (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2019-08-30 | 环境清洁技术有限公司 | Via the low temperature direct-reduction of the metal oxide in situ for generating reducibility gas |
| CN108546794A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-09-18 | 北京科技大学 | Waste plastics is to promote the method for iron ore reduction in a kind of solid waste of recycling city |
| CN111621611A (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-09-04 | 北京科技大学 | Two-step method for efficiently separating iron and phosphorus from high-phosphorus iron-containing resource based on gas-based energy |
| CN111621611B (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2021-10-15 | 北京科技大学 | Two-step method for efficiently separating iron and phosphorus from high-phosphorus iron-containing resource based on gas-based energy |
| WO2022077062A1 (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2022-04-21 | Roundhill IP Pty Ltd | Process of thermally treating minerals and apparatus therefor |
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